浙江省衢州市2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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浙江省衢州市
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
浙江省衢州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Shannan Hearne’s oldest dream was to own a ranch (大牧场). From the moment she was first placed in the horseback at age two, she had always felt most comfortable on it. In February 2020, her dream finally came true, when she and her “ partner in-farm ” , Cory Conley, opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch. Then, just a month later, the country went in COVID-19 lockdown. Soon Hearne’s vision began to grow into something bigger.
With eight acres of grasslands and an abundance of sunshine and fresh air, there was no safer way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house. The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody — it would be a place the community could call home.
As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there, not just for the free barbecues, but for the chance to put up a hammock (吊床) when they wanted some peace. Recreational vehicles and campers were welcome to pull in for a quiet night after a day on the road. “ I have a vision for the space being relaxing for whoever the universe sent our way — horses or people, ” says Hearne.
One of those people, now 15, was born without fingers on one hand. His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon for riding lessons. Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability. Plus, a special bond with two of Hearne’s rescued horses, Annie and Honey, was a real leg up confidence-wise. “ There is something empowering about controlling a thousand-pound animal, and I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of self-confidence issues, ” Hearne says.
Another boy became selectively dumb after being bullied because of his autism (自闭症). Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his shell. Taking the reins (缰绳) helped him feel once again in control of the world around him. “ He went from not answering questions to talking our ears off, ” says Hearne.
1. In Hearne’s vision, her ranch should be ______ .
A. a big commercial success B. a healing place in hard times
C. a perfect site for riding lessons D. an amusement park for children
2. In paragraph 4, how did the friendship with two horses influence the boy
A It improved his riding skills. B. It helped boost his confidence.
C. It stirred up his love for animals. D. It taught him to get along with others.
3. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A Big Ranch B. COVID-19 Survivors
C. Sharing the Sun and Moon D. Coming out of the Shell
B
LOS ANGELES ( AP ) — Hollywood’s response to climate change includes donations, protests and other social activities, but it’s apparently missing out on an approach close to home. Only 2.8% of screen fiction refers to climate change-related words, according to a new study of 37.453 film and TV scripts from 2016 to 2020. A blueprint for ways to tum that around was released Tuesday.
“ Good Energy: A Playbook for Screenwriting in the Age of Climate Change ” was created with feedback from more than 100 film and TV writers, said Anna Jane Joyner, editor-in-chief of the playbook and founder of Good Energy, a nonprofit consulting company. “ A big barrier that we encountered was that writers were associating climate stories with disaster stories, ” she said in an interview. “ The main purpose of the playbook is to expand that menu of possibilities … to a larger range of how it would be showing up in our real life. ”
Dorothy Fortenberry, a TV writer and playwright, said the industry needs to broaden its view of who it writes about, not just what. “ Climate change is something that right now is affecting people who aren’t necessarily the people that Hollywood tends to write stories about. It’s affecting farmers in Bangladesh, farmers in Peru, farmers in Kentucky, ” Fortenberry said. “ If we told stories about different kinds of people, there would be opportunities to smoothly integrate climate in. ”
The entertainment industry’s failure to use its storytelling powers more effectively on the issue seems unsurprising to Joyner, who’s been working on climate-change communications in various sectors and communities for 15 years. For the first decade, it felt like “ screaming into the empty space ” because of the lack of response, Joyner said. But there is evidence of increasing concern among Americans regarding climate change, including those who are in Hollywood. “ We’ve all gone through a kind of awakening, ” she said. There are a number of documentaries and news programs about climate change, she said, expressing optimism that fiction creators will make steady progress.
4. What does the underlined word “ that ” in paragraph 1 refer to
A Hollywood failing to react to climate change.
B. Hollywood overlooking screen fiction about home.
C. Hollywood missing the screen fiction about climate change.
D. Hollywood lacking approaches to solving climate problems.
5. What did Dorothy Fortenberry suggest
A. Hollywood should expand its perspective.
B. Hollywood should tell real disaster stories.
C. Hollywood should provide much more entertainment.
D. Hollywood should cover climate stories of average people.
6. What is Joyner’s attitude towards Hollywood’s future response to climate change
A. Positive. B. Tolerant. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
7. What is this text
A. A news report. B. A short story. C. A movie review. D. An advertisement.
C
Like many negative emotions, regret is often seen as an undesirable feeling that we should remove whenever possible. Psychologists, however, have shown that it can be an extremely useful emotion. “ It’s one mechanism for learning how to improve your decision-making—a signal that maybe you need to rethink your strategy, ” says Aidan Feeney, a professor of psychology at Queen’s University Belfast.
Feeney’s own research has tested how the emotion is essential for developing an understanding of delayed satisfaction. His team presented a group of six-to-seven year-olds with two boxes. The boxes were equipped with a timed lock, with one set to open after 30 seconds and the other after 10 minutes. The children were told they could choose to pick one box to gain their prize.
Since the children didn’t know what each box contained, most preferred the one that opened first, which contained two candies. Only after they had made their decision were they told that if they had waited for the other box to open, they could have had four candies instead. After the children had learnt this fact, the team tested whether they felt any regret for having made the wrong decision. The following day, the psychologists presented the children with the same task again. They found that the children who had developed a sense of regret were much more likely to wait for the bigger reward, compared to the children who did not yet entertain the emotion.
Regret, it seems, helped them to become more patient so they could resist the urge to go with the immediate pleasure. Delayed satisfaction of this kind is an essential form of self-control, and is thought to be very important for people’s success in life.
The psychological literature also has a large quantity of many other examples of regret’s benefits. Given its benefits, we certainly don’t want to stop the feeling entirely, but certain strategies can help us to regulate the emotion, so that we listen to its message without drowning ourselves in the sadness of our past mistakes.
8. What do we know about Feeney’s research
A. Delayed satisfaction was children’s top priority.
B. Regret reframed the children’s decision passively.
C. Immediate satisfaction helped children gain more.
D. It tested the effect of regret on delayed satisfaction.
9. What does the author most likely want to tell us
A. Regret plays an active role in our lives. B. Negative emotions create good effects.
C. Regret helps us to become more patient. D. Delayed satisfaction perfects our decision-making.
10. What will be talked about in the next paragraphs
A. Types of regret. B. More benefits of regret.
C. Ways to cope with regrets. D. Methods to avoid future regrets.
浙江省衢州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节(共10题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As a teenager in the 1990s, Melissa Blake was interested in fashion. Unfortunately, fashion wasn't much interested in her.
Blake, who has bone and muscle disease and is under four feet (1.21 metre) tall, couldn't find jeans or dresses in her size. At age 39, she became a disability-rights fighter and a writer whose work appeared in the New York Times, but she gained a national following in 2019 after clapping back those who made ugly comments about her online.
“People said that I should be banned from posting photos of myself because I'm too ugly. So I'd just like to remember the occasion with these three selfies(自拍)…" she tweeted. Over the next year, Blake posted a new selfie every day.
Her fans went wild, calling Blake a goddess and a powerful woman.
Among her fans is Mindy Scheier, the founder and CEO of Runway of Dreams (梦想T台)， which showcases fashion for the disabled. The show is part of the New York Fashion Week. Last fall, Scheier asked Blake to be one of the event's models.
Since the Runway of Dreams show was virtual, Blake's sister filmed her riding her scooter (滑板车)on a quiet street dressed in a T-shirt and an oversize vest.
“It was a little scary," Blake says of modeling. But she's glad she took the challenge. Often, when we think of access for people with disabilities, we think of buildings and employment, she says. But it’s also important to have access to what's fun and enjoyable.
“Fashion isn't going to solve all the world's problems, says Blake. " When disabled people are included, it sends a message that we deserve a seat at the table in all aspects of life.”
21. What does the underlined words "clapping back" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. fighting back B. calling back
C. taking back D. keeping back
22. Which of the following can best describe Blake
A. Hardworking and patient. B. Responsible and inspiring.
C. Easygoing and open-minded. D. Determined and romantic.
23. What does Blake's story try to express
A. Everyone should love fashion.
B. Being a model is necessary for the disabled.
C. We should reserve a seat for the disabled in the buildings.
D. Though broken in body, the disabled can be firm in spirit.
B
PLYMOUTH — On April 15, 2019, the historic Notre Dame cathedral in Paris caught fire during renovation (翻新)work. The world famous structure will be closed for at least 5 to 6 years, if not longer.
But could such a destructive (毁灭性的)fire have been prevented
Associate professor of fire science Glenn Corbett of John Jay University argues that it could have, or that at the very least, the fire might not have been so destructive if proper fire safety measures were in place and the response to the fire wasn't so slow.
On Monday, Corbett will give a lecture at the Plymouth Public Library about what went wrong in preventing and controlling the Notre Dame cathedral fire and what other historic buildings can learn from the incident.
Corbett said that the first failings occurred in the lack of fire safety measures taken during the building's renovations.
Next, Corbett said, the cathedral did not have any fire suppression systems (灭火系统)in place, such as a water sprinkler or misting system, that might have kept the fire spread. He said these systems have been available for a long time, but were likely ignored due to the fact that installing such systems are expensive.
Lastly, Corbett said the response to the fire was much slower than one would expect. Since the fire started in the attic, a guard had to climb hundreds of stairs to the attic to find the fire, delaying any major response by 30 minutes. Corbett said that for him, this was the most shocking part of what happened.
But even since the burning of Notre Dame, many historical buildings still do not have the safety systems. Corbett said he hopes owners and leaders of local historic buildings will attend the lecture so they can learn how to protect the pieces of history in their care from fires.
“An Inside Look at the Fire That Nearly Destroyed the Notre Dame Cathedral” will take place Monday at 7 p.m. at the Plymouth Public Library, 132 South Street. For more information, visit www.plymouthpubliclibrary.org.
24. According to Corbett, the following failings are mentioned in preventing and controlling the fire except______
A. the shortage of water B. the lack of fire safety measures
C. slow response to the fire D. no fire suppression systems in place
25. What do you know about the lecture
A. It will take place at John Jay University.
B. You can get more information by phoning the lecturer.
C. It will be about how to rebuild the Notre Dame Cathedral.
D. The lecturer will focus on how to preserve the historical buildings from fires.
26. What is Corbett's attitude towards the measures taken to Notre Dame cathedral fire
A. Unconcerned. B. Supportive.
C. Dissatisfied. D. Doubtful.
27. Where is this text most likely from
A. A novel. B. A newspaper.
C. A travel brochure. D. A science magazine.
C
Past surveys have shown that more than 80% of dog owners report observing jealous (妒忌的)behaviors from their dogs when they give attention to other dogs.
Dogs appear to be one of the few species that might show jealous behaviors in ways similar to a human child showing jealousy when their mother shows love for another child.
To test how and when dogs show jealous behavior, researchers set up an experiment where 18 dogs imagined their owners interacting (互动)with either a realistic-looking stuffed (毛绒填充的)dog or a similarly sized wool-covered cylinder that looked nothing like a dog. The stuffed dog played the role of a possible competitor.
In the experiment, first, the dogs watched the stuffed dog next to their owner. Then, an object was placed between the dog and the stuffed animal so they could no longer see the possible competitor. The dogs pulled strongly on their ropes when their owners appeared to be petting the stuffed dog behind the object. In a second experiment, the dogs pulled on the ropes with less force when the owners appeared to be petting the wool-covered cylinder.
Through their study, Bastos and her colleagues found that dogs showed human-like jealous behavior. The finding is different from earlier research because it's the first to show dogs can mentally imagine social interactions that they can't directly see, Bastos says. It also showed that the jealous behavior happened due to the interaction, and not when the owner and the competitor were in the same room but not interacting.
This research is only the first step, and more research is necessary to figure out if dogs experience jealousy the same way people do. "This is a very difficult question to answer scientifically," Bastos says. "We may never have an answer!"
28. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Most of the animals besides dogs can show jealous behaviors.
B. The experiments show that dogs are friendly to their competitors.
C. Dogs show jealous behaviors when their owners pet their children.
D. The conclusion Bastos and her co-workers drew differs from earlier research.
29. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Study on dog's jealous behavior has a long way to go.
B. It has been proved that dogs are jealous of their competitors.
C. The way dogs experience jealousy is exactly the same as humans do.
D. It's no use doing further research since there will be no scientific answer.
30. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Sociable Pets — Dogs B. Dogs Love Their Owners
C. Jealous Species — Dogs D. Dogs Dislike Other Animals
浙江省衢州市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共10个小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four years into my Ph.D. program, my hands started to go numb each night as 1slept. I didn't think much of it at the time. Then one night, while sound asleep, I somehow mistook my numb arm for a snake. I threw myself out of bed and woke in a panic. I later discovered that this nighttime event wasn't simply a strange dream.
At that time, I was working toward my Ph.D. and training to be a clinical psychologist. There was never enough time to occupy myself fully in my world. The exams constantly worried and even scared me .
Later that year, while discussing a patient's symptoms with a neurologist（神经学家）, I realized that my anxiety could be the direct cause of the numbness in my hands. There was a certain irony（讽刺）in that realization. I'd spent years learning about psychological tools for dealing with stress and anxiety. But until then it never occurred to me that I, too,was experiencing an abnormal level of stress and anxiety.
Now, I specialize in helping take a healthier approach to dealing with the pressures of academics. l've seen firsthand how many of them possess inner voices demanding perfection and telling them that the sacrifices are necessary for success.
My message to those I work with is that being overworked and stressed-out is unhealthy. Achievements and health can be both gained. So, when your inner alarm bells send you a warning signal—or when snakes attack in the night —don't hesitate; take action.
21. What happened to the author
A. A snake bit him when he was sleeping.
B. He frequently had strange dreams at night.
C. He could do whatever he wanted in a clinic.
D. Numbness in his arms attacked him due to huge stress.
22. The author 's anxiety comes from .
A. his academic work B. his lack of sleep
C. his social relationship D. his demand for perfection
23. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A. He now realizes academics is of no benefit.
B. A large number of people are forced to be perfect.
C. Warning signals mean it's time to stop being over-stressed.
D. Achievements make it impossible for people to keep healthy.
B
When our Scottish puppy reached doggie adolescence, she suddenly stopped obeying my commands. Previously, if 1 called "come," Annie would fly across our yard to my arms. Now, the 8-month-old gave me an aggressive "make me" look and ran the other way.
Our dog trainer advised us to stop complaining. She's a teenager," she said. Now, a new study is backing that up: Dogs, it says, experience an oversensitive period just like human teenagers, "There is abundant folk knowledge that the behavior of adolescents differs from younger or older dogs," says Barbara Smuts.
Puppies bond with humans much as children do. "But owners often feel like they're failing when their puppies reach adolescence," about 8 months for most dogs, says Lucy Asher. Like teenagers, adolescent dogs can disregard and disobey their owners. Indeed, teenage dogs are the most likely age group to land in U.S. shelters.
To see exactly how adolescence changes dog behavior, Asher and her team monitored 70 female dogs being raised as potential guide dogs. They asked caregivers to score the puppies on separation-related behaviors, like trembling when left behind. Dogs with high scores on this behavior entered adolescence earlier—at about 5 months, compared with 8 months for those with lower scores. Various factors cause human teenage girls with poor parental relationships to also enter adolescence at a younger age. Thus, similar to humans, dogs that have bad relationships with their caregivers see changes in their development.
According to Smuts, adolescent dogs that were stressed by separation from their caregiver also increasingly disobeyed that person, showing the insecurity of human teenagers.
Because of the similarity between adolescent pups and humans, dogs can serve as a model species for studying adolescence in humans, the scientists say. The temporary nature of dogs which disobey the owners may make us worry less when our pups suddenly get minds of their own.
24. The author's attitude towards his dog's misbehavior can be best described as .
A. tolerant B. delighted C. unsatisfied D. indifferent
25. The underlined word "disregard" in paragraph 3 probably means ." "
A. run after B. pay no attention to
C. bark at D. defend against
26. What can we learn about adolescent dogs from the passage
A. Many adolescent dogs like staying in American shelters.
B. Adolescent dogs will never follow their owners' instructions.
C. Adolescent dogs are fond of being separated from their caregivers.
D. Dogs having poor relation with their caregivers enter adolescence earlier.
27. What's the main idea of the passage
A. Both young dogs and teenagers rely on their parents.
B. Many researches have shown young dogs are aggressive.
C. Adolescent dogs feel more anxious and frightened than teenagers.
D. Like human teenagers, dogs get difficult when they reach adolescence.
C
COVID-19（新冠病毒） is a threat to the very people fighting it—nurses, doctors, and other first responders, who are exposed to infected patients. Now, a team has developed two devices（设备）that could reduce their risks by sucking away infectious bacteria: a helmet to be worn by a patient, and a small tent in which a patient could be protected. The inventors hope they'll reduce the deaths among healthcare workers.
Negative-pressure rooms have been used in hospitals since the 1980s to keep airborne bacteria from spreading. But Nathan Haas says such rooms cost about $ 12,000. He and his colleagues wanted to develop a cheaper way to create a negative pressure environment for patients. The new devices could lower the need for negative-pressure rooms, which are rare in many parts of the world, according to Haas.
The helmet can be used when staff transport patients and the tent can protect the upper body of a bed-bound patient wearing a mask, allowing staff to perform several procedures.
"They represent a really simple solution to potentially helping reduce virus spread and increase the safety of healthcare workers, as well as patient safety," says Ben Bassin.
When the researchers tested their devices with a healthy volunteer, they saw 97% to 99% fewer bacteria outside the devices than inside. They also tested the devices' ease of use and comfort with seven COVID-19 patients. The response from patients and staff was good, Bassin says.
But Reuben Strayer notes the tests did not prove that these devices work to protect medical staff in real-life situations. He says he wants to see independent effect, "to see if they perform as they are advertised."
28. The following statements are true EXCEPT .
A. The devices are not complicated to use
B. People have already used the devices widely
C. The effect of the devices remains to be seen
D. Negative-pressure rooms are not common because of the high cost
29. What will most probably be discussed in the following paragraph
A. The advantages of the devices.
B. Different appearances of the devices.
C. Measures to put the devices into practice.
D. The reasons for inventing the devices.
30. What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A. To inform readers of the devices.
B. To praise the efforts of the researchers.
C. To stress the importance of the devices.
D. To encourage people to buy the devices.
答案：
浙江省衢州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了赫恩通过自己建立的牧场，在COVID-19流行期间，给了人们一个治愈的地方，同时帮助两个孩子变得自信和开心起来。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody — it would be a place the community could call home. (赫恩意识到，牧场应该是每个人的——它将是一个社区可以称之为家的地方。) ”及第三段“I have a vision for the space being relaxing for whoever the universe sent our way — horses or people.(我有一个设想，这个空间可以让宇宙来往的任何人——马或人——放松身心。)”可知，赫恩认为牧场应该是一个可以称作家的地方，让来往的人放松身心。B选项“a healing place in hard times(艰难时期的疗伤之地)”符合文意。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Plus, a special bond with two of Hearne’s rescued horses, Annie and Honey, was a real leg up confidence-wise. There is something empowering about controlling a thousand-pound animal, and I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of self-confidence issues.( 此外，与赫恩的两匹获救的马安妮和哈尼之间的特殊联系，真的是一种提升自信的方式。控制一头重达1000磅的动物是一种赋权，我相信这对儿童或任何与自信问题作斗争的人来说尤其如此。) ”可知，与赫恩的两匹获救的马安妮和哈尼之间的特殊联系，真的是一种提升自信的方式。B选项“It helped boost his confidence (这有助于增强他的信心)”符合文意。故选B项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。文章前三段讲了赫恩建立了一个牧场，在在COVID-19流行期间，给了人们一个治愈的地方，实现了他的梦想。后两段列举了两个例子，赫恩通过他的农场帮助两个孩子变得自信和开心起来。C选项“Sharing the Sun and Moon (分享太阳和月亮)”符合文章大意。故选C项。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章阐述以非营利咨询公司Good Energy的创始人安娜·简·乔伊纳等为代表的人士利用电影、电视编剧和小说等方式，倡导娱乐产业更有效地利用自己的叙事能力，来呼吁美国人关注气候变化。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Only 2.8% of screen fiction refers to climate change-related words, according to a new study of 37.453 film and TV scripts from 2016 to 2020.”（根据一项对2016年至2020年37.453部电影和电视剧本的新研究，只有2.8%的电影小说提到了与气候变化相关的词汇。）可知，在好莱坞的电影题材中，很少一部分涉及到气候变化，即好莱坞错过了关于气候变化的荧幕小说。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Climate change is something that right now is affecting people who aren’t necessarily the people that Hollywood tends to write stories about. It’s affecting farmers in Bangladesh, farmers in Peru, farmers in Kentucky, Fortenberry said.”（气候变化现在正在影响的人并不一定是好莱坞倾向于写故事的人。它影响到孟加拉国、秘鲁和肯塔基州的农民。）以及“If we told stories about different kinds of people, there would be opportunities to smoothly integrate climate in.”（如果我们讲述不同类型的人的故事，就有机会顺利地将气候融入其中。）可知，好莱坞的故事应该倾向于将普通的农民纳入其写作题材中，这样他们才会顺利地融入到气候变化中。即好莱坞应该报道普通人的气候故事。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But there is evidence of increasing concern among Americans regarding climate change, including those who are in Hollywood. We’ve all gone through a kind of awakening.”（但有证据表明，美国人越来越关注气候变化，包括好莱坞的人。我们都经历了一种觉醒。）以及“There are a number of documentaries and news programs about climate change, she said, expressing optimism that fiction creators will make steady progress.”（有很多关于气候变化的纪录片和新闻节目，她对小说创作者将取得稳步进展表示乐观。）可知，在好莱坞有越来越多的纪录片和新闻节目关注气候变化，表现出来的是好莱坞人士们气候变化意识的觉醒，表明作者的对好莱坞人士的积极态度。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章阐述以非营利咨询公司Good Energy的创始人安娜·简·乔伊纳等为代表的人士利用电影、电视编剧和小说等方式，倡导娱乐产业更有效地利用自己的叙事能力，来呼吁美国人关注气候变化。以及根据第一段中的“LOS ANGELES ( AP )”（洛杉矶(美联社)）可知，本文是新闻报道。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了，有别与人们以前的认识，后悔这种情绪对人们有益。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Feeney’s own research has tested how the emotion is essential for developing an understanding of delayed satisfaction. (Feeney自己的研究已经测试了这种情感（后悔）对于理解延迟满足感的重要性)”和第三段的“They found that the children who had developed a sense of regret were much more likely to wait for the bigger reward, compared to the children who did not yet entertain the emotion. (他们发现，与那些还没有产生后悔情绪的孩子相比，产生后悔情绪的孩子更有可能等待更大的奖励)”可知，Feeney的研究测试了后悔对延迟满足的影响。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Regret, it seems, helped them to become more patient so they could resist the urge to go with the immediate pleasure. Delayed satisfaction of this kind is an essential form of self-control, and is thought to be very important for people’s success in life.(遗憾，似乎帮助他们变得更有耐心，这样他们就可以抑制冲动，带着即时的快乐离开。这种延迟满足感是自我控制的一种基本形式，被认为对人们在生活中的成功非常重要)”可知，作者最有可能告诉我们后悔这种情绪在我们的生活中起着积极的作用。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Given its benefits, we certainly don’t want to stop the feeling entirely, but certain strategies can help us to regulate the emotion, so that we listen to its message without drowning ourselves in the sadness of our past mistakes. (考虑到它的好处，我们当然不想完全停止这种感觉，但某些策略可以帮助我们调节这种情绪，以便我们倾听它的信息，而不会沉浸在过去错误的悲伤中)”可知，有方法可以调节后悔这种情绪，以便我们倾听它的信息。由此推知，下文可能陈述应对后悔的方法。故选C。
浙江省衢州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了梅丽莎·布莱克(Melissa Blake)对时尚很感兴趣。不幸的是，时尚界对她不太感兴趣，因为她的残疾极大地影响了她的形象。后来她成为了一名残疾人权利活动家，也是一名自由撰稿人，她的作品曾出现在《纽约时报》和《Glamour》上，但在2019年，她回击了网上对她发表丑陋评论的人，赢得了全国的关注。Blake的故事告诉我们：勇气可以打破障碍。
【21题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“those who made ugly comments about her online.（那些在网上说她坏话的人。）”可知，她回击了那些在网上对她发表丑陋评论的人，赢得了全国的关注。clapping back意为“反击，回击”。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Blake, who has bone and muscle disease and is under four feet (1.21 metre) tall, …but she gained a national following in 2019 after clapping back those who made ugly comments about her online.（布莱克患有骨骼和肌肉疾病，身高不足4英尺(1.21米)，她找不到适合自己尺寸的牛仔裤或裙子。39岁时，她成为了一名残疾人权利斗士，并成为一名作家，她的作品出现在《纽约时报》上，但在2019年，她回应了那些在网上对她发表丑陋评论的人，赢得了全国的关注。）”可知，Blake身残志坚，取得了卓越的成就，因此她是鼓舞人心的；根据文章第三段““People said that I should be banned from posting photos of myself because I'm too ugly. So I'd just like to remember the occasion with these three selfies(自拍)…" she tweeted. Over the next year, Blake posted a new selfie every day.
（“人们说我应该被禁止发自己的照片，因为我太丑了。所以我想用这三张自拍照来纪念这个时刻……”她在推特上写道。在接下来的一年里，布雷克每天都会发布一张新的自拍。）“可知，她每天坚持做自己想做的事情，是认真负责的。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Blake, who has bone and muscle disease and is under four feet (1.21 metre) tall, couldn't find jeans or dresses in her size. At age 39, she became a disability-rights fighter and a writer whose work appeared in the New York Times（布莱克患有骨骼和肌肉疾病，身高不足4英尺(1.21米)，她找不到适合自己尺寸的牛仔裤或裙子。39岁时，她成为了一名残疾人权利斗士，并成为一名作家，她的作品出现在《纽约时报》上）”和文章最后一段““Fashion isn't going to solve all the world's problems, says Blake. " When disabled people are included, it sends a message that we deserve a seat at the table in all aspects of life.”（ “时尚不会解决世界上所有的问题，”布莱克说。当残疾人被纳入其中时，这就发出了一个信息，那就是我们应该在生活的各个方面都有一席之地。”）”可知，Blake的故事想要表达残疾人虽然身体不好，但精神却很坚强。故选D。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。2019年4月15日，历史悠久的巴黎圣母院大教堂在翻修工程中起火。但是这样一场毁灭性的火灾能被阻止吗？文章推荐人们参加关于这场讨论的演讲。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Corbett said that the first failings occurred in the lack of fire safety measures taken during the building's renovations.（Corbett说，第一次失败发生在建筑翻修期间缺乏消防安全措施。）”、文章第六段“Next, Corbett said, the cathedral did not have any fire suppression systems (灭火系统)in place（其次，科比特说，大教堂没有任何灭火系统）”以及文章第七段“Lastly, Corbett said the response to the fire was much slower than one would expect.（最后，科比特说，对火灾的反应比人们预期的要慢得多。）”可知，缺乏消防安全措施、对火灾反应迟钝以及没有灭火系统都是造成阻止和控制火势失败的原因。A项没有提及。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Corbett said he hopes owners and leaders of local historic buildings will attend the lecture so they can learn how to protect the pieces of history in their care from fires.（科比特说，他希望当地历史建筑的业主和负责人能参加这次讲座，这样他们就可以学习如何保护他们所保护的历史建筑免受火灾的伤害。）”可知，演讲者将集中讨论如何保护历史建筑不受火灾的影响。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Associate professor of fire science Glenn Corbett of John Jay University argues that it could have, or that at the very least, the fire might not have been so destructive if proper fire safety measures were in place and the response to the fire wasn't so slow.
（约翰·杰伊大学火灾科学副教授格伦·科比特认为，如果适当的消防安全措施到位，对火灾的反应也不那么缓慢，火灾可能不会造成如此大的破坏，或者至少不会。）”可知，科比特对巴黎圣母院大火采取的措施的态度是不满意的。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“An Inside Look at the Fire That Nearly Destroyed the Notre Dame Cathedral” will take place Monday at 7 p.m. at the Plymouth Public Library, 132 South Street. For more information, visit www.plymouthpubliclibrary.org.（《巴黎圣母院大火内幕观察》(An Inside Look at the Fire That Nearly Destroyed the Notre Dame Cathedral)将于周一晚上7点在普利茅斯公共图书馆(Plymouth Public Library)举行。欲了解更多信息，请访问www.plymouthpubliclibrary.org.）”可知，文章主要是在推荐人们去听讲座，有可能来自报纸。故选B。
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了过去的调查显示，超过80%的狗主人表示，当他们关注其他狗狗时，会观察到狗狗的嫉妒行为。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The finding is different from earlier research because it's the first to show dogs can mentally imagine social interactions that they can't directly see, Bastos says.（巴斯托斯说，这一发现与早期的研究不同，因为这是首次表明狗能在心理上想象出它们无法直接看到的社会互动。）”可知，巴斯托斯和她的同事得出的结论与早期的研究不同。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This research is only the first step, and more research is necessary to figure out if dogs experience jealousy the same way people do. "This is a very difficult question to answer scientifically," Bastos says. "We may never have an answer!"（这项研究只是第一步，还需要更多的研究来弄清楚狗是否会像人类一样感受到嫉妒。“这是一个很难科学回答的问题，”巴斯托斯说。“我们可能永远得不到答案!”）”可知，对狗的嫉妒行为的研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Past surveys have shown that more than 80% of dog owners report observing jealous (妒忌的)behaviors from their dogs when they give attention to other dogs.（过去的调查显示，超过80%的狗主人表示，当他们关注其他狗狗时，会观察到狗狗的嫉妒行为。）”可知，文章主要讲述了狗狗的嫉妒行为。故C项“嫉妒的物种——狗”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
浙江省衢州市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
21-23 DAC 24-27 CBDD 28-30 BCA
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
浙江省衢州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Shannan Hearne’s oldest dream was to own a ranch (大牧场). From the moment she was first placed in the horseback at age two, she had always felt most comfortable on it. In February 2020, her dream finally came true, when she and her “ partner in-farm ” , Cory Conley, opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch. Then, just a month later, the country went in COVID-19 lockdown. Soon Hearne’s vision began to grow into something bigger.
With eight acres of grasslands and an abundance of sunshine and fresh air, there was no safer way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house. The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody — it would be a place the community could call home.
As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there, not just for the free barbecues, but for the chance to put up a hammock (吊床) when they wanted some peace. Recreational vehicles and campers were welcome to pull in for a quiet night after a day on the road. “ I have a vision for the space being relaxing for whoever the universe sent our way — horses or people, ” says Hearne.
One of those people, now 15, was born without fingers on one hand. His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon for riding lessons. Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability. Plus, a special bond with two of Hearne’s rescued horses, Annie and Honey, was a real leg up confidence-wise. “ There is something empowering about controlling a thousand-pound animal, and I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of self-confidence issues, ” Hearne says.
Another boy became selectively dumb after being bullied because of his autism (自闭症). Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his shell. Taking the reins (缰绳) helped him feel once again in control of the world around him. “ He went from not answering questions to talking our ears off, ” says Hearne.
1. In Hearne’s vision, her ranch should be ______ .
A. a big commercial success B. a healing place in hard times
C. a perfect site for riding lessons D. an amusement park for children
2. In paragraph 4, how did the friendship with two horses influence the boy
A It improved his riding skills. B. It helped boost his confidence.
C. It stirred up his love for animals. D. It taught him to get along with others.
3. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A Big Ranch B. COVID-19 Survivors
C. Sharing the Sun and Moon D. Coming out of the Shell
B
LOS ANGELES ( AP ) — Hollywood’s response to climate change includes donations, protests and other social activities, but it’s apparently missing out on an approach close to home. Only 2.8% of screen fiction refers to climate change-related words, according to a new study of 37.453 film and TV scripts from 2016 to 2020. A blueprint for ways to tum that around was released Tuesday.
“ Good Energy: A Playbook for Screenwriting in the Age of Climate Change ” was created with feedback from more than 100 film and TV writers, said Anna Jane Joyner, editor-in-chief of the playbook and founder of Good Energy, a nonprofit consulting company. “ A big barrier that we encountered was that writers were associating climate stories with disaster stories, ” she said in an interview. “ The main purpose of the playbook is to expand that menu of possibilities … to a larger range of how it would be showing up in our real life. ”
Dorothy Fortenberry, a TV writer and playwright, said the industry needs to broaden its view of who it writes about, not just what. “ Climate change is something that right now is affecting people who aren’t necessarily the people that Hollywood tends to write stories about. It’s affecting farmers in Bangladesh, farmers in Peru, farmers in Kentucky, ” Fortenberry said. “ If we told stories about different kinds of people, there would be opportunities to smoothly integrate climate in. ”
The entertainment industry’s failure to use its storytelling powers more effectively on the issue seems unsurprising to Joyner, who’s been working on climate-change communications in various sectors and communities for 15 years. For the first decade, it felt like “ screaming into the empty space ” because of the lack of response, Joyner said. But there is evidence of increasing concern among Americans regarding climate change, including those who are in Hollywood. “ We’ve all gone through a kind of awakening, ” she said. There are a number of documentaries and news programs about climate change, she said, expressing optimism that fiction creators will make steady progress.
4. What does the underlined word “ that ” in paragraph 1 refer to
A Hollywood failing to react to climate change.
B. Hollywood overlooking screen fiction about home.
C. Hollywood missing the screen fiction about climate change.
D. Hollywood lacking approaches to solving climate problems.
5. What did Dorothy Fortenberry suggest
A. Hollywood should expand its perspective.
B. Hollywood should tell real disaster stories.
C. Hollywood should provide much more entertainment.
D. Hollywood should cover climate stories of average people.
6. What is Joyner’s attitude towards Hollywood’s future response to climate change
A. Positive. B. Tolerant. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
7. What is this text
A. A news report. B. A short story. C. A movie review. D. An advertisement.
C
Like many negative emotions, regret is often seen as an undesirable feeling that we should remove whenever possible. Psychologists, however, have shown that it can be an extremely useful emotion. “ It’s one mechanism for learning how to improve your decision-making—a signal that maybe you need to rethink your strategy, ” says Aidan Feeney, a professor of psychology at Queen’s University Belfast.
Feeney’s own research has tested how the emotion is essential for developing an understanding of delayed satisfaction. His team presented a group of six-to-seven year-olds with two boxes. The boxes were equipped with a timed lock, with one set to open after 30 seconds and the other after 10 minutes. The children were told they could choose to pick one box to gain their prize.
Since the children didn’t know what each box contained, most preferred the one that opened first, which contained two candies. Only after they had made their decision were they told that if they had waited for the other box to open, they could have had four candies instead. After the children had learnt this fact, the team tested whether they felt any regret for having made the wrong decision. The following day, the psychologists presented the children with the same task again. They found that the children who had developed a sense of regret were much more likely to wait for the bigger reward, compared to the children who did not yet entertain the emotion.
Regret, it seems, helped them to become more patient so they could resist the urge to go with the immediate pleasure. Delayed satisfaction of this kind is an essential form of self-control, and is thought to be very important for people’s success in life.
The psychological literature also has a large quantity of many other examples of regret’s benefits. Given its benefits, we certainly don’t want to stop the feeling entirely, but certain strategies can help us to regulate the emotion, so that we listen to its message without drowning ourselves in the sadness of our past mistakes.
8. What do we know about Feeney’s research
A. Delayed satisfaction was children’s top priority.
B. Regret reframed the children’s decision passively.
C. Immediate satisfaction helped children gain more.
D. It tested the effect of regret on delayed satisfaction.
9. What does the author most likely want to tell us
A. Regret plays an active role in our lives. B. Negative emotions create good effects.
C. Regret helps us to become more patient. D. Delayed satisfaction perfects our decision-making.
10. What will be talked about in the next paragraphs
A. Types of regret. B. More benefits of regret.
C. Ways to cope with regrets. D. Methods to avoid future regrets.
浙江省衢州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节(共10题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As a teenager in the 1990s, Melissa Blake was interested in fashion. Unfortunately, fashion wasn't much interested in her.
Blake, who has bone and muscle disease and is under four feet (1.21 metre) tall, couldn't find jeans or dresses in her size. At age 39, she became a disability-rights fighter and a writer whose work appeared in the New York Times, but she gained a national following in 2019 after clapping back those who made ugly comments about her online.
“People said that I should be banned from posting photos of myself because I'm too ugly. So I'd just like to remember the occasion with these three selfies(自拍)…" she tweeted. Over the next year, Blake posted a new selfie every day.
Her fans went wild, calling Blake a goddess and a powerful woman.
Among her fans is Mindy Scheier, the founder and CEO of Runway of Dreams (梦想T台)， which showcases fashion for the disabled. The show is part of the New York Fashion Week. Last fall, Scheier asked Blake to be one of the event's models.
Since the Runway of Dreams show was virtual, Blake's sister filmed her riding her scooter (滑板车)on a quiet street dressed in a T-shirt and an oversize vest.
“It was a little scary," Blake says of modeling. But she's glad she took the challenge. Often, when we think of access for people with disabilities, we think of buildings and employment, she says. But it’s also important to have access to what's fun and enjoyable.
“Fashion isn't going to solve all the world's problems, says Blake. " When disabled people are included, it sends a message that we deserve a seat at the table in all aspects of life.”
21. What does the underlined words "clapping back" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. fighting back B. calling back
C. taking back D. keeping back
22. Which of the following can best describe Blake
A. Hardworking and patient. B. Responsible and inspiring.
C. Easygoing and open-minded. D. Determined and romantic.
23. What does Blake's story try to express
A. Everyone should love fashion.
B. Being a model is necessary for the disabled.
C. We should reserve a seat for the disabled in the buildings.
D. Though broken in body, the disabled can be firm in spirit.
B
PLYMOUTH — On April 15, 2019, the historic Notre Dame cathedral in Paris caught fire during renovation (翻新)work. The world famous structure will be closed for at least 5 to 6 years, if not longer.
But could such a destructive (毁灭性的)fire have been prevented
Associate professor of fire science Glenn Corbett of John Jay University argues that it could have, or that at the very least, the fire might not have been so destructive if proper fire safety measures were in place and the response to the fire wasn't so slow.
On Monday, Corbett will give a lecture at the Plymouth Public Library about what went wrong in preventing and controlling the Notre Dame cathedral fire and what other historic buildings can learn from the incident.
Corbett said that the first failings occurred in the lack of fire safety measures taken during the building's renovations.
Next, Corbett said, the cathedral did not have any fire suppression systems (灭火系统)in place, such as a water sprinkler or misting system, that might have kept the fire spread. He said these systems have been available for a long time, but were likely ignored due to the fact that installing such systems are expensive.
Lastly, Corbett said the response to the fire was much slower than one would expect. Since the fire started in the attic, a guard had to climb hundreds of stairs to the attic to find the fire, delaying any major response by 30 minutes. Corbett said that for him, this was the most shocking part of what happened.
But even since the burning of Notre Dame, many historical buildings still do not have the safety systems. Corbett said he hopes owners and leaders of local historic buildings will attend the lecture so they can learn how to protect the pieces of history in their care from fires.
“An Inside Look at the Fire That Nearly Destroyed the Notre Dame Cathedral” will take place Monday at 7 p.m. at the Plymouth Public Library, 132 South Street. For more information, visit www.plymouthpubliclibrary.org.
24. According to Corbett, the following failings are mentioned in preventing and controlling the fire except______
A. the shortage of water B. the lack of fire safety measures
C. slow response to the fire D. no fire suppression systems in place
25. What do you know about the lecture
A. It will take place at John Jay University.
B. You can get more information by phoning the lecturer.
C. It will be about how to rebuild the Notre Dame Cathedral.
D. The lecturer will focus on how to preserve the historical buildings from fires.
26. What is Corbett's attitude towards the measures taken to Notre Dame cathedral fire
A. Unconcerned. B. Supportive.
C. Dissatisfied. D. Doubtful.
27. Where is this text most likely from
A. A novel. B. A newspaper.
C. A travel brochure. D. A science magazine.
C
Past surveys have shown that more than 80% of dog owners report observing jealous (妒忌的)behaviors from their dogs when they give attention to other dogs.
Dogs appear to be one of the few species that might show jealous behaviors in ways similar to a human child showing jealousy when their mother shows love for another child.
To test how and when dogs show jealous behavior, researchers set up an experiment where 18 dogs imagined their owners interacting (互动)with either a realistic-looking stuffed (毛绒填充的)dog or a similarly sized wool-covered cylinder that looked nothing like a dog. The stuffed dog played the role of a possible competitor.
In the experiment, first, the dogs watched the stuffed dog next to their owner. Then, an object was placed between the dog and the stuffed animal so they could no longer see the possible competitor. The dogs pulled strongly on their ropes when their owners appeared to be petting the stuffed dog behind the object. In a second experiment, the dogs pulled on the ropes with less force when the owners appeared to be petting the wool-covered cylinder.
Through their study, Bastos and her colleagues found that dogs showed human-like jealous behavior. The finding is different from earlier research because it's the first to show dogs can mentally imagine social interactions that they can't directly see, Bastos says. It also showed that the jealous behavior happened due to the interaction, and not when the owner and the competitor were in the same room but not interacting.
This research is only the first step, and more research is necessary to figure out if dogs experience jealousy the same way people do. "This is a very difficult question to answer scientifically," Bastos says. "We may never have an answer!"
28. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Most of the animals besides dogs can show jealous behaviors.
B. The experiments show that dogs are friendly to their competitors.
C. Dogs show jealous behaviors when their owners pet their children.
D. The conclusion Bastos and her co-workers drew differs from earlier research.
29. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Study on dog's jealous behavior has a long way to go.
B. It has been proved that dogs are jealous of their competitors.
C. The way dogs experience jealousy is exactly the same as humans do.
D. It's no use doing further research since there will be no scientific answer.
30. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Sociable Pets — Dogs B. Dogs Love Their Owners
C. Jealous Species — Dogs D. Dogs Dislike Other Animals
浙江省衢州市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共10个小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four years into my Ph.D. program, my hands started to go numb each night as 1slept. I didn't think much of it at the time. Then one night, while sound asleep, I somehow mistook my numb arm for a snake. I threw myself out of bed and woke in a panic. I later discovered that this nighttime event wasn't simply a strange dream.
At that time, I was working toward my Ph.D. and training to be a clinical psychologist. There was never enough time to occupy myself fully in my world. The exams constantly worried and even scared me .
Later that year, while discussing a patient's symptoms with a neurologist（神经学家）, I realized that my anxiety could be the direct cause of the numbness in my hands. There was a certain irony（讽刺）in that realization. I'd spent years learning about psychological tools for dealing with stress and anxiety. But until then it never occurred to me that I, too,was experiencing an abnormal level of stress and anxiety.
Now, I specialize in helping take a healthier approach to dealing with the pressures of academics. l've seen firsthand how many of them possess inner voices demanding perfection and telling them that the sacrifices are necessary for success.
My message to those I work with is that being overworked and stressed-out is unhealthy. Achievements and health can be both gained. So, when your inner alarm bells send you a warning signal—or when snakes attack in the night —don't hesitate; take action.
21. What happened to the author
A. A snake bit him when he was sleeping.
B. He frequently had strange dreams at night.
C. He could do whatever he wanted in a clinic.
D. Numbness in his arms attacked him due to huge stress.
22. The author 's anxiety comes from .
A. his academic work B. his lack of sleep
C. his social relationship D. his demand for perfection
23. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A. He now realizes academics is of no benefit.
B. A large number of people are forced to be perfect.
C. Warning signals mean it's time to stop being over-stressed.
D. Achievements make it impossible for people to keep healthy.
B
When our Scottish puppy reached doggie adolescence, she suddenly stopped obeying my commands. Previously, if 1 called "come," Annie would fly across our yard to my arms. Now, the 8-month-old gave me an aggressive "make me" look and ran the other way.
Our dog trainer advised us to stop complaining. She's a teenager," she said. Now, a new study is backing that up: Dogs, it says, experience an oversensitive period just like human teenagers, "There is abundant folk knowledge that the behavior of adolescents differs from younger or older dogs," says Barbara Smuts.
Puppies bond with humans much as children do. "But owners often feel like they're failing when their puppies reach adolescence," about 8 months for most dogs, says Lucy Asher. Like teenagers, adolescent dogs can disregard and disobey their owners. Indeed, teenage dogs are the most likely age group to land in U.S. shelters.
To see exactly how adolescence changes dog behavior, Asher and her team monitored 70 female dogs being raised as potential guide dogs. They asked caregivers to score the puppies on separation-related behaviors, like trembling when left behind. Dogs with high scores on this behavior entered adolescence earlier—at about 5 months, compared with 8 months for those with lower scores. Various factors cause human teenage girls with poor parental relationships to also enter adolescence at a younger age. Thus, similar to humans, dogs that have bad relationships with their caregivers see changes in their development.
According to Smuts, adolescent dogs that were stressed by separation from their caregiver also increasingly disobeyed that person, showing the insecurity of human teenagers.
Because of the similarity between adolescent pups and humans, dogs can serve as a model species for studying adolescence in humans, the scientists say. The temporary nature of dogs which disobey the owners may make us worry less when our pups suddenly get minds of their own.
24. The author's attitude towards his dog's misbehavior can be best described as .
A. tolerant B. delighted C. unsatisfied D. indifferent
25. The underlined word "disregard" in paragraph 3 probably means ." "
A. run after B. pay no attention to
C. bark at D. defend against
26. What can we learn about adolescent dogs from the passage
A. Many adolescent dogs like staying in American shelters.
B. Adolescent dogs will never follow their owners' instructions.
C. Adolescent dogs are fond of being separated from their caregivers.
D. Dogs having poor relation with their caregivers enter adolescence earlier.
27. What's the main idea of the passage
A. Both young dogs and teenagers rely on their parents.
B. Many researches have shown young dogs are aggressive.
C. Adolescent dogs feel more anxious and frightened than teenagers.
D. Like human teenagers, dogs get difficult when they reach adolescence.
C
COVID-19（新冠病毒） is a threat to the very people fighting it—nurses, doctors, and other first responders, who are exposed to infected patients. Now, a team has developed two devices（设备）that could reduce their risks by sucking away infectious bacteria: a helmet to be worn by a patient, and a small tent in which a patient could be protected. The inventors hope they'll reduce the deaths among healthcare workers.
Negative-pressure rooms have been used in hospitals since the 1980s to keep airborne bacteria from spreading. But Nathan Haas says such rooms cost about $ 12,000. He and his colleagues wanted to develop a cheaper way to create a negative pressure environment for patients. The new devices could lower the need for negative-pressure rooms, which are rare in many parts of the world, according to Haas.
The helmet can be used when staff transport patients and the tent can protect the upper body of a bed-bound patient wearing a mask, allowing staff to perform several procedures.
"They represent a really simple solution to potentially helping reduce virus spread and increase the safety of healthcare workers, as well as patient safety," says Ben Bassin.
When the researchers tested their devices with a healthy volunteer, they saw 97% to 99% fewer bacteria outside the devices than inside. They also tested the devices' ease of use and comfort with seven COVID-19 patients. The response from patients and staff was good, Bassin says.
But Reuben Strayer notes the tests did not prove that these devices work to protect medical staff in real-life situations. He says he wants to see independent effect, "to see if they perform as they are advertised."
28. The following statements are true EXCEPT .
A. The devices are not complicated to use
B. People have already used the devices widely
C. The effect of the devices remains to be seen
D. Negative-pressure rooms are not common because of the high cost
29. What will most probably be discussed in the following paragraph
A. The advantages of the devices.
B. Different appearances of the devices.
C. Measures to put the devices into practice.
D. The reasons for inventing the devices.
30. What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A. To inform readers of the devices.
B. To praise the efforts of the researchers.
C. To stress the importance of the devices.
D. To encourage people to buy the devices.
答案：
浙江省衢州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了赫恩通过自己建立的牧场，在COVID-19流行期间，给了人们一个治愈的地方，同时帮助两个孩子变得自信和开心起来。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody — it would be a place the community could call home. (赫恩意识到，牧场应该是每个人的——它将是一个社区可以称之为家的地方。) ”及第三段“I have a vision for the space being relaxing for whoever the universe sent our way — horses or people.(我有一个设想，这个空间可以让宇宙来往的任何人——马或人——放松身心。)”可知，赫恩认为牧场应该是一个可以称作家的地方，让来往的人放松身心。B选项“a healing place in hard times(艰难时期的疗伤之地)”符合文意。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Plus, a special bond with two of Hearne’s rescued horses, Annie and Honey, was a real leg up confidence-wise. There is something empowering about controlling a thousand-pound animal, and I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of self-confidence issues.( 此外，与赫恩的两匹获救的马安妮和哈尼之间的特殊联系，真的是一种提升自信的方式。控制一头重达1000磅的动物是一种赋权，我相信这对儿童或任何与自信问题作斗争的人来说尤其如此。) ”可知，与赫恩的两匹获救的马安妮和哈尼之间的特殊联系，真的是一种提升自信的方式。B选项“It helped boost his confidence (这有助于增强他的信心)”符合文意。故选B项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。文章前三段讲了赫恩建立了一个牧场，在在COVID-19流行期间，给了人们一个治愈的地方，实现了他的梦想。后两段列举了两个例子，赫恩通过他的农场帮助两个孩子变得自信和开心起来。C选项“Sharing the Sun and Moon (分享太阳和月亮)”符合文章大意。故选C项。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章阐述以非营利咨询公司Good Energy的创始人安娜·简·乔伊纳等为代表的人士利用电影、电视编剧和小说等方式，倡导娱乐产业更有效地利用自己的叙事能力，来呼吁美国人关注气候变化。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Only 2.8% of screen fiction refers to climate change-related words, according to a new study of 37.453 film and TV scripts from 2016 to 2020.”（根据一项对2016年至2020年37.453部电影和电视剧本的新研究，只有2.8%的电影小说提到了与气候变化相关的词汇。）可知，在好莱坞的电影题材中，很少一部分涉及到气候变化，即好莱坞错过了关于气候变化的荧幕小说。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Climate change is something that right now is affecting people who aren’t necessarily the people that Hollywood tends to write stories about. It’s affecting farmers in Bangladesh, farmers in Peru, farmers in Kentucky, Fortenberry said.”（气候变化现在正在影响的人并不一定是好莱坞倾向于写故事的人。它影响到孟加拉国、秘鲁和肯塔基州的农民。）以及“If we told stories about different kinds of people, there would be opportunities to smoothly integrate climate in.”（如果我们讲述不同类型的人的故事，就有机会顺利地将气候融入其中。）可知，好莱坞的故事应该倾向于将普通的农民纳入其写作题材中，这样他们才会顺利地融入到气候变化中。即好莱坞应该报道普通人的气候故事。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But there is evidence of increasing concern among Americans regarding climate change, including those who are in Hollywood. We’ve all gone through a kind of awakening.”（但有证据表明，美国人越来越关注气候变化，包括好莱坞的人。我们都经历了一种觉醒。）以及“There are a number of documentaries and news programs about climate change, she said, expressing optimism that fiction creators will make steady progress.”（有很多关于气候变化的纪录片和新闻节目，她对小说创作者将取得稳步进展表示乐观。）可知，在好莱坞有越来越多的纪录片和新闻节目关注气候变化，表现出来的是好莱坞人士们气候变化意识的觉醒，表明作者的对好莱坞人士的积极态度。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章阐述以非营利咨询公司Good Energy的创始人安娜·简·乔伊纳等为代表的人士利用电影、电视编剧和小说等方式，倡导娱乐产业更有效地利用自己的叙事能力，来呼吁美国人关注气候变化。以及根据第一段中的“LOS ANGELES ( AP )”（洛杉矶(美联社)）可知，本文是新闻报道。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了，有别与人们以前的认识，后悔这种情绪对人们有益。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Feeney’s own research has tested how the emotion is essential for developing an understanding of delayed satisfaction. (Feeney自己的研究已经测试了这种情感（后悔）对于理解延迟满足感的重要性)”和第三段的“They found that the children who had developed a sense of regret were much more likely to wait for the bigger reward, compared to the children who did not yet entertain the emotion. (他们发现，与那些还没有产生后悔情绪的孩子相比，产生后悔情绪的孩子更有可能等待更大的奖励)”可知，Feeney的研究测试了后悔对延迟满足的影响。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Regret, it seems, helped them to become more patient so they could resist the urge to go with the immediate pleasure. Delayed satisfaction of this kind is an essential form of self-control, and is thought to be very important for people’s success in life.(遗憾，似乎帮助他们变得更有耐心，这样他们就可以抑制冲动，带着即时的快乐离开。这种延迟满足感是自我控制的一种基本形式，被认为对人们在生活中的成功非常重要)”可知，作者最有可能告诉我们后悔这种情绪在我们的生活中起着积极的作用。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Given its benefits, we certainly don’t want to stop the feeling entirely, but certain strategies can help us to regulate the emotion, so that we listen to its message without drowning ourselves in the sadness of our past mistakes. (考虑到它的好处，我们当然不想完全停止这种感觉，但某些策略可以帮助我们调节这种情绪，以便我们倾听它的信息，而不会沉浸在过去错误的悲伤中)”可知，有方法可以调节后悔这种情绪，以便我们倾听它的信息。由此推知，下文可能陈述应对后悔的方法。故选C。
浙江省衢州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了梅丽莎·布莱克(Melissa Blake)对时尚很感兴趣。不幸的是，时尚界对她不太感兴趣，因为她的残疾极大地影响了她的形象。后来她成为了一名残疾人权利活动家，也是一名自由撰稿人，她的作品曾出现在《纽约时报》和《Glamour》上，但在2019年，她回击了网上对她发表丑陋评论的人，赢得了全国的关注。Blake的故事告诉我们：勇气可以打破障碍。
【21题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“those who made ugly comments about her online.（那些在网上说她坏话的人。）”可知，她回击了那些在网上对她发表丑陋评论的人，赢得了全国的关注。clapping back意为“反击，回击”。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Blake, who has bone and muscle disease and is under four feet (1.21 metre) tall, …but she gained a national following in 2019 after clapping back those who made ugly comments about her online.（布莱克患有骨骼和肌肉疾病，身高不足4英尺(1.21米)，她找不到适合自己尺寸的牛仔裤或裙子。39岁时，她成为了一名残疾人权利斗士，并成为一名作家，她的作品出现在《纽约时报》上，但在2019年，她回应了那些在网上对她发表丑陋评论的人，赢得了全国的关注。）”可知，Blake身残志坚，取得了卓越的成就，因此她是鼓舞人心的；根据文章第三段““People said that I should be banned from posting photos of myself because I'm too ugly. So I'd just like to remember the occasion with these three selfies(自拍)…" she tweeted. Over the next year, Blake posted a new selfie every day.
（“人们说我应该被禁止发自己的照片，因为我太丑了。所以我想用这三张自拍照来纪念这个时刻……”她在推特上写道。在接下来的一年里，布雷克每天都会发布一张新的自拍。）“可知，她每天坚持做自己想做的事情，是认真负责的。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Blake, who has bone and muscle disease and is under four feet (1.21 metre) tall, couldn't find jeans or dresses in her size. At age 39, she became a disability-rights fighter and a writer whose work appeared in the New York Times（布莱克患有骨骼和肌肉疾病，身高不足4英尺(1.21米)，她找不到适合自己尺寸的牛仔裤或裙子。39岁时，她成为了一名残疾人权利斗士，并成为一名作家，她的作品出现在《纽约时报》上）”和文章最后一段““Fashion isn't going to solve all the world's problems, says Blake. " When disabled people are included, it sends a message that we deserve a seat at the table in all aspects of life.”（ “时尚不会解决世界上所有的问题，”布莱克说。当残疾人被纳入其中时，这就发出了一个信息，那就是我们应该在生活的各个方面都有一席之地。”）”可知，Blake的故事想要表达残疾人虽然身体不好，但精神却很坚强。故选D。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。2019年4月15日，历史悠久的巴黎圣母院大教堂在翻修工程中起火。但是这样一场毁灭性的火灾能被阻止吗？文章推荐人们参加关于这场讨论的演讲。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Corbett said that the first failings occurred in the lack of fire safety measures taken during the building's renovations.（Corbett说，第一次失败发生在建筑翻修期间缺乏消防安全措施。）”、文章第六段“Next, Corbett said, the cathedral did not have any fire suppression systems (灭火系统)in place（其次，科比特说，大教堂没有任何灭火系统）”以及文章第七段“Lastly, Corbett said the response to the fire was much slower than one would expect.（最后，科比特说，对火灾的反应比人们预期的要慢得多。）”可知，缺乏消防安全措施、对火灾反应迟钝以及没有灭火系统都是造成阻止和控制火势失败的原因。A项没有提及。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Corbett said he hopes owners and leaders of local historic buildings will attend the lecture so they can learn how to protect the pieces of history in their care from fires.（科比特说，他希望当地历史建筑的业主和负责人能参加这次讲座，这样他们就可以学习如何保护他们所保护的历史建筑免受火灾的伤害。）”可知，演讲者将集中讨论如何保护历史建筑不受火灾的影响。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Associate professor of fire science Glenn Corbett of John Jay University argues that it could have, or that at the very least, the fire might not have been so destructive if proper fire safety measures were in place and the response to the fire wasn't so slow.
（约翰·杰伊大学火灾科学副教授格伦·科比特认为，如果适当的消防安全措施到位，对火灾的反应也不那么缓慢，火灾可能不会造成如此大的破坏，或者至少不会。）”可知，科比特对巴黎圣母院大火采取的措施的态度是不满意的。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“An Inside Look at the Fire That Nearly Destroyed the Notre Dame Cathedral” will take place Monday at 7 p.m. at the Plymouth Public Library, 132 South Street. For more information, visit www.plymouthpubliclibrary.org.（《巴黎圣母院大火内幕观察》(An Inside Look at the Fire That Nearly Destroyed the Notre Dame Cathedral)将于周一晚上7点在普利茅斯公共图书馆(Plymouth Public Library)举行。欲了解更多信息，请访问www.plymouthpubliclibrary.org.）”可知，文章主要是在推荐人们去听讲座，有可能来自报纸。故选B。
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了过去的调查显示，超过80%的狗主人表示，当他们关注其他狗狗时，会观察到狗狗的嫉妒行为。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The finding is different from earlier research because it's the first to show dogs can mentally imagine social interactions that they can't directly see, Bastos says.（巴斯托斯说，这一发现与早期的研究不同，因为这是首次表明狗能在心理上想象出它们无法直接看到的社会互动。）”可知，巴斯托斯和她的同事得出的结论与早期的研究不同。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This research is only the first step, and more research is necessary to figure out if dogs experience jealousy the same way people do. "This is a very difficult question to answer scientifically," Bastos says. "We may never have an answer!"（这项研究只是第一步，还需要更多的研究来弄清楚狗是否会像人类一样感受到嫉妒。“这是一个很难科学回答的问题，”巴斯托斯说。“我们可能永远得不到答案!”）”可知，对狗的嫉妒行为的研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Past surveys have shown that more than 80% of dog owners report observing jealous (妒忌的)behaviors from their dogs when they give attention to other dogs.（过去的调查显示，超过80%的狗主人表示，当他们关注其他狗狗时，会观察到狗狗的嫉妒行为。）”可知，文章主要讲述了狗狗的嫉妒行为。故C项“嫉妒的物种——狗”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
浙江省衢州市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
21-23 DAC 24-27 CBDD 28-30 BCA