浙江省丽水市2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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浙江省丽水市
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
浙江省丽水市2021-2022学年高二下学期普通高中教学质量监控期末考试英语试卷
第一节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 25 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。
A
Wander through Edinburgh and you will find Walter Scott, Scotland’s most famous novelist, everywhere: pubs named after characters or places in his books, his walking cane and slippers in The Writers’ Museum. Just outside the Waverley train station, Scott’s statue stands beneath a monument affectionately nicknamed the Rocket.
Built in 1840, eight years after his death at the age of 61, the Scott Monument captures the extreme regard for this international bestselling writer and son of Edinburgh. Scott’s adventurous historical stories, set against a dramatic background of high mountains, dark lakes and deep valleys, brought a vision of Scotland to the world.
As his friend, Jane Austen once remarked, Scott had two careers in literature. He quickly became Europe’s most famous poet in 1805 with immediate success of his first narrative poem, The Lay of the Last Minstrel, the tale of two lovers on opposite sides of a family conflict.
A 1810 book-length poem of King James V’s struggles with the powerful family Douglas, The Lady of the Lake would have obtained his reputation on its own. Selling 25, 000 copies in eight months, it broke records for poetry sales and brought its setting, the fantastic Lake Katrine, to the attention of a novel (新颖的) tourism industry.
Scott also wrote songs and collected ballads for future, but after the success of his poetry, he turned to novel writing in his 40s. For nearly 20 years he produced a series of fat novels, which spread his reputation around the globe further still. Although involving in the gothic style popular at the time, Scott favoured historical themes, not only set in Scotland but also England, France, Syria and elsewhere, as far back as the 11th century. However, these days, Scott’s writing has fallen out of fashion thanks in part to the absolute length of the novels.
Waverley, Scott’s exploration of the Jacobite uprising of 1745, lends itself to political as much as literary analysis. The Highland Widow captures the conflicted mood of a young lad who, seeking better fortune, joins in the Black Watch, upsetting his mother. Drugging her son so he misses his appointment, she sends him to military execution (处决). Although written in a sentimental (伤感的) style popular at the time, the story finds much to say about national tensions, military occupation, and cultural conflict in the lives of post-Union Scots.
21. Why will you find Walter Scott everywhere when wandering through Edinburgh
A. Because the characters or places in his books are set only in Scotland.
B. Because pubs in Edinburgh are fond of being named after Walter Scott.
C. Because Walter Scott’s cane and slippers are displayed in the Writers’ Museum.
D. Because Walter Scott is an international bestselling author and son of Edinburgh.
22. Nowadays, Walter Scott’s novels are no longer so fashionable partly because they are too _________.
A. lengthy B. novel C. uninteresting D. complicated
23. Which of the following is about the story of two lovers’ family conflict
A. Waverley. B. The Lady of the Lake.
C. The Highland Widow. D. The Lay of the Last Minstrel.
B
Sixteen miles off the windswept coast of northern Scotland, the future of renewable energy is taking shape. Turning rhythmically in the breeze, the five enormous turbines (涡轮机) of the Hywind Scotland wind farm look like any other off-shore wind project, except one major difference — they’re floating.
While conventional offshore turbines sit atop mental and concrete towers fixed into the seabed, Hywind’s turbines rest on floating steel structures that rise and fall with waves. Carefully balanced, they remain upright despite the waving conditions. This simple sounding, yet extremely complex design is changing the way green developers view offshore wind.
It could prove to be an important development as the world attempts to meet the net zero carbon emission targets that countries committed to in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The energy department as a whole currently accounts for around three quarters of all the greenhouse gases emitted by human activity.
To cut those emissions, green electricity will need to be at the main source of global energy, according to the International Energy Agency. It says that by 2024, half of the world’s energy needs will have to be met by electricity produced in a net zero way.
With growing numbers of electric vehicles, combined with increased demand for electricity to replace fossil fuels in domestic and industrial uses, electricity networks will also need to become far more flexible with more ways to generate and store energy. It means that by 2045, our energy network could look thoroughly different to the way it does today. Projects like Hywind’s floating wind farm offer a present-day glimpse of what the future could look like.
While floating turbines overcome some of the issues that make offshore wind farms in deep waters impossible, there are still challenges to be overcome. There are some concerns about what impact large wind turbines might have on the marine environment. The price of floating wind projects is also still high — costing almost twice as much per megawatt hour of electricity produced compared to bottom-fixed offshore wind. But those costs are expected to drop as the technology becomes increasingly advanced, as has been seen with other wind energy projects, helping pave the way towards net zero emissions, and a future powered by carbon-free fuel.
24. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “emitted” in the third paragraph
A. Released. B. Replaced. C. Wasted. D. Influenced.
25. What is the author’s opinion on floating wind projects
A. Disapproving. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.
26. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text
A. To share his research on energy.
B. To call on people to save energy.
C. To replace the traditional fossil fuels.
D. To introduce a clean renewable energy.
C
In 1810, during his first Grand Tour of Europe, Byron carved his name into a column base of the Temple of Poseidon on the Aegean coast. Although Byron himself might not have actually written the name that is left there, the story has become part of the history of the monument, searched for by his admirers among the hundreds of other names carved all over the temple.
Modern graffiti, however, is met with a very different reaction. In 2014 a Russian tourist was fined ?20, 000 for carving a large “K” on a wall of the Colosseum in Rome, the fifth such incident that year．
What is the thinking behind such acts Are tourists aiming for ill fame to become part of the monument’s history Or is it simply part of the experience of visiting the site And, further, why is historical graffiti, which was equally destructive, considered historic heritages The motives behind them are, after all, probably the same, however, graffiti comes to tell us about lives and moments that might otherwise have been lost.
The earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument has been identified by the historian Lionel Casson in a cave at Wadi Hammamat in Egypt in 2000 BC. The name of Hena is cut into the sandstone alongside a list of his achievements. In ancient Greece, too, stoas (柱廊) were the meeting places of philosophers and the places for school boys’ lessons. We therefore often see alphabets and Homeric poems written on their walls.
And it is not just monuments and buildings: Miltiades, a general from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, carved his name into the helmet he wore. In the Athens, too, a Spartan shield (盾) was found with words noting that the Athenians captured it during the Battle in 425 BC. Without such graffiti, the objects would still be impressive, but far less useful for historians, as their writing provides an exact original place.
In the 21st century, however, with the rapid increase in tourism, if everyone decided to leave their mark, these sites would be irretrievable (不可挽回地) destroyed. Perhaps Beijing’s
controversial new free graffiti zones on certain sections of the Great Wall of China will satisfy the desire to carve our own piece of history into the limited resource of the monument, though it seems unlikely that it will easily be contained to one area. Regardless, it is important that we protect these monuments — and the graffiti that some of them already contain.
27. Why is Baron’s carving his name into the column base mentioned in the first paragraph
A. To introduce the related topic. B. To attract more people to copy him.
C. To show his admirers to search. D. To become part of the story of the monument.
28. What can we infer from the passage
A. It was actually Byron that wrote and carved his name there.
B. It was the fifth time that the Russian tourist had been fined that year.
C. Ancient graffiti was carved more than on monuments and buildings.
D. The motives behind ancient and modern graffiti are completely the same.
29. Where was the earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument discovered
A. In a cave in Egypt. B. In a temple on the Aegean coast.
C. On a wall of the Colosseum in Rome. D. In an ancient meeting place in Greece.
30. Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. What was the Earliest Graffiti
B. What’s the Way to Protect Graffiti
C. What Can We Learn From Ancient Graffiti
D. What was the Motivation of Ancient Graffiti
浙江省丽水市普通高中2020-2021学年高二下学期教学质量监控英语试题
第一节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 25 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Stripy and Jake are baby bears. They are fed by bottle and play around happily. Other bear orphans are sitting in the trees when Ben Kilham goes into their area.
Kilham, an American bear whisperer, lives in the woods of New Hampshire. His life work is all about understanding black bears, winning him not just international fame, but also greater insight into humankind.
From the bear photos and paintings on the wall to the three little wooden bears welcoming visitors at the entrance, everything in his home shows his passion. So does the nearby 3-hectare area. This is where he cares for orphan baby bears that are entrusted (委托) to him each year by the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department. With their mothers perhaps shot dead or knocked down by a car, Kilham cares for the baby bears. He makes sure they grow up safe and well, before releasing them back into the wild at the age of 18 months.
In addition, he observes adult bears in the wild. His dedication to black bears has made him such an expert that China asked for his help with the giant panda. After a quarter of a century of study, Kilham has no doubt that bears are as close to humans as great apes, even though, as he says, “apes are our closest genetic relatives.”
Kilham has released 165 bears back into the wild and recorded more than 1,500 black bear interactions in nature. Recently his work led to a PhD in environmental sciences. He has written articles in National Geographic and a popular book, Among the Bears, which came out in 2002.
His goal is to raise awareness of caring about bears feared and hunted in the United States. Around 10 to 15 percent of New Hampshire’s 5,000 to 6,000 bears are killed every year in the hunting season.
“Bears are not interested in people. They are afraid of us. We can live very easily with bears; it’s a matter of educating the public,” says Kilham.
21. What is Ben Kilham’s daily job mainly about
A. Studying different kinds of wild animals.
B. Protecting humans from being hurt by bears.
C. Training bears to communicate with humans.
D. Taking care of baby bears that lost their mothers.
22. What does the underlined word “dedication” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Devotion. B. Exposure.
C. Contribution. D. Assistance.
23. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A. To call on people to protect the environment.
B. To tell people to keep away from black bears.
C To tell people about Ben Kilham and his studies.
D. To introduce Ben Kilham and his book—Among the Bears.
B
India faces various major challenges on the COVID-19 front. There are over 300,000 new cases every day — the largest number of daily cases ever experienced by any country. India’s health system can no longer cope. There are not enough beds, and hospitals are turning away people with the virus. They have also run out of oxygen.
With a huge population of 1,380 million, India is densely populated: 464 people/km2. Social distancing without total shutdowns is unthinkable, especially in the big cities with crowded streets, trains, buses and offices. The latest data from the government survey says that only 36% of Indians wash their hands with soap before a meal. Even worse, 160 million Indians do not have access to clean water to wash their hands. The research suggests that diabetes and other diseases worsen COVID-19 outcomes. The awareness about disease dynamics is very poor, even among the wealthier and more educated population. After the national voluntary “people’s curfew” called by the prime minister on 22 March, which was by and large a success, people came out on the streets and celebrated with no attention to social distancing.
Many countries around the world are sending oxygen to India. Singapore and the UK have sent much-needed oxygen cylinders to India. A Singapore Foreign Affairs spokesperson explained how urgent it was to help India, “We have all witnessed in the past year how this pandemic is a trans-boundary threat. It gives no regard for country, nationality, or race. This is exactly why we must work collectively to support each other.” The WHO said the situation in India was “beyond heartbreaking”. It said, “The WHO is doing everything we can, providing critical equipment and supplies, including thousands of oxygen concentrators, mobile field hospitals and laboratory supplies.” It added, “The growth that we have seen in case numbers is really, truly astonishing.”
24. In what way is the serious situation stated in paragraph 1
A. By listing facts. B. By using quotes.
C. By making an assumption. D. By making a definition.
25. What does the writer most probably intend to inform readers in paragraph 2
A. India is a country with a large population.
B. The Indian government is to blame for pandemic.
C. Many Indians suffer from diabetes and other diseases.
D. Various factors contribute to the seriousness of pandemic in India.
26. Which of the opinion does the Singapore Foreign Affairs spokesperson agree with
A. The spread of pandemic is beyond description.
B. All equipment and supplies have been provided to India.
C. The current situation of pandemic in India is out of control.
D. All countries should make joint efforts to fight against pandemic.
C
Fingerprints have provided key evidence in countless cases of serious crime. But there are still some situations in which it can be difficult or impossible to recover fingerprints, and this can cause a headache for investigators. In seeking a solution to this problem, researchers have started to realize that a fingerprint can be used for a lot more than just its unique ridge (纹理) pattern.
A fingerprint is formed when a finger makes contact with a surface. The finger leaves behind traces of sweat and any other substances present on the finger that a suspect might have touched. These substances are deposited (存储) in the characteristic pattern of the ridges present on the fingertip of a person. Most fingerprints are invisible and require a chemical development process in order to show them. And newer processes can obtain much more information about the fingerprint owner—what they’ve touched what they’ve eaten and even what drugs they’ve taken.
A fingerprint left at a crime scene will contain not only sweat from a suspect, but also traces of any substances a suspect has touched. This can be very useful evidence if the fingerprints contain a victim’s blood. But even then, a fingerprint gives no investigative clue if the suspect is not on the fingerprint database.
Researchers recently showed that the substances that cover a mobile phone can vary according to who the device belongs to because of the food, medicines and other things to which we are exposed. So the substances in fingerprints should vary in a similar way, and some early attempts have been made to prove this.
If we think more broadly, fingerprints can provide some very exciting possibilities for the future of medical testing. For example, a fingerprint is a very convenient way to give a sample in a drug test. In our current research, our group has also found that medicines can be found in fingerprints, and that these traces disappear when a patient stops taking their medicines. So one day we could see fingerprints used as an easy way of helping a patient to check whether a drug is being absorbed properly.
27. What can we infer from paragraph 1
A. Fingerprints are hard to find in most cases.
B. It is impossible to recover broken fingerprints.
C. Fingerprints are more useful than people thought.
D. Fingerprints are not that useful in many cases of serious crime.
28. Researchers can get all the following information from a fingerprint EXCEPT ________.
A. the food a suspect has eaten
B. the drugs a suspect has taken
C. the substances a suspect has touched
D. the people a suspect has encountered
29. What will fingerprints be used to do in the future
A. To find out if a patient is recovering properly.
B. To know if the patients’ drugs are being taken in indeed.
C. To check whether a driver is drunk in a quicker and more accurate way.
D. To help people find their lost mobile phones or other electronic devices.
30. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. The Key Uses of Fingerprints
B. The Hidden Data in Your Fingerprints
C. The Development of Fingerprint Technology
D. The Importance of Building a Fingerprint Database
浙江省丽水市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量监控英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Recently, I said something like this to my 13-year-old son: “I've told you a thousand times, just do your work and we can stop fighting. Why don't you just listen to me I hate having to shout to get you to pay attention.”
Creating a peaceful relationship with our children is a huge test of emotional intelligence-and particularly empathy. In the above example, there are a number of emotional intelligence failures. I was angry, so I was reacting unconsciously instead of responding intentionally. Under my anger was a feeling of powerlessness and fear. I was scared that he is not self-motivated and won't do well. I reacted to the fear by attacking. I was trying to use my force of will to make him obey.
The first rule of emotional intelligence: When people feel pushed they resist. I was blaming him, interpreting his lack of interest in homework as a kind of personal attack on me and implying that he was making me behave the way that I behaved. I was focused on what I wanted and my perspective.
I'd like to focus on this last point, because it turns out that this lack of perspective-taking—this lack of empathy—is the key to easing parent-child tension.
When I increase empathy and relook at the situation with compassion, I see a different story. Perhaps he was afraid, too. Perhaps he felt powerless, too. Perhaps he's learned the exact same pattern I've modeled: When you're afraid, attack.
That moment of curiosity is the doorway to empathy, and it's a game changer. Empathy is not actually a complex skill. It's a basic part of the social brain. That little pause of curiosity is a way to step out of the stress reaction, and step into being the person we choose to be.
Hopefully, I'll remember to take that all-important pause and ask myself :I wonder what's really going on for him right now.
1. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A. The parent-child tension. B. The poor emotional intelligence of parents.
C. The peaceful communication. D. The silent resistance from children.
2. What emotional intelligence failures did the writer make in the relationship with his/her son
A. Lacking a sense of fear. B. Forcing his/her son to give in.
C. Making personal attacks. D. Making intentional responses quickly.
3. What's the best title for the text
A. Parent-Child Conflicts B. The Test of Emotional Intelligence
C. The Doorway to Empathy D. The Key to Easing Parent-Child Tension
B
Every year, countless individuals are impacted by cancer. Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease. Walk Cancer Away invites everyone to participate in our annual family friendly walk event and join together to share the strong will power found inside each of us with those around us. With each step we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to finding a cure. To date, we have raised over$700,000 for Dr. Nancy Kemeny's Colorectal Research Fund at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC), together with thousands of people supporting this cause over the last 12 years we are committed to.
Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N. Rentas. Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease. Dr. Nancy Kemeny at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, who was the doctor treating James N. Rentas, mirrors that same goal. Her efforts and that of her team at MSKCC are focused on researching to overcome the disease and find a cure.
Together they have made great advancements over the years and have provided years of life for those facing the disease. In many cases, their continued efforts have led to full relief of the cancer in patients. With the deepest gratitude we are thankful to all those who support and participate in the event each year, because without you this would not be possible.
Although Walk Cancer Away started just 12 years ago, we are forever honored to be able to join in this event that so many of us find so close to our hearts. We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this year's Walk Cancer Away Event.
4. What does Walk Cancer Away intend to do
A. To contact those suffering from cancer. B. To give strength to cancer patients' family.
C. To help find a way to defeat cancer. D. To share experiences from cancer victims.
5. According to paragraph 2, James N. Rentas
A. lost his family B. died of cancer
C. did research on cancer D. founded Walk Cancer Away
6. Why does the author make this speech
A. To call on people to join in the activity. B. To raise money for cancer research.
C. To express thanks to all the participants. D. To introduce the history of an event.
C
Sea urchins (海胆) are small creatures, but what’s really remarkable about them is that they eat anything that happens to float by. They have really sharp teeth they use to rid rocks of algae (海澡), which makes them pretty valuable especially in places like Hawaii where algae are threatening the coral reefs. In the summer of 2019, 500,000 of them were used to deal with the algae.
The problem started when non-native algae were introduced to the ecosystem of Kane’ohe Bay in the 1970s. Because they had no enemies, they ended up taking over the bay, according to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). The algae blocked sunlight from reaching the coral, which in turn affected the local fish because they changed the chemistry of the water.
That's when the NMFS turned to sea urchins that loved to devour the algae. But they had to grow to the size of a cherry tomato before they could be used. Since 2011, sea urchins have been grown and used to handle the algae problem. Some of the funds are available due to an unfortunate incident.
In 2005, a ship was grounded on a shallow reef near Kane’ohe Bay. When the ship was removed, 20 acres of reefs have been damaged. When there is environmental damage, the NMFS and other agencies receive funds from the wrongdoers and the funds are used to restore the damage. Some funds were spent on other projects like the sea urchins.When they are large enough, divers carefully place them on the reef.
Algae isn’t the only thing that threatens the coral reefs. Climate change and the effects of fishing and tourism in the area also endanger the coral reefs. But turning to sea urchins instead of man-made solutions seems like the best way to go.
7. Why are sea urchins regarded as outstanding creatures
A. They are tiny but have teeth. B. They can keep the ocean clean.
C. They are useful in removing algae. D. They grow on coral reefs with algae.
8. What happened after non-native algae arrived at Kane’ohe Bay
A. They helped the coral reefs to survive. B. They spread to every corner of the bay.
C. They didn’t fit in with the new surroundings. D. They fought against other species to get food.
9. What does the underlined word “devour” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Eat. B. Block. C. Tease. D. Attract.
10. What does the author suggest doing to save coral reefs
A. Relying on humans’ solutions. B. Banning fishing and tourism.
C. Employing divers to handle algae. D. Letting nature take care of nature.
答案：
浙江省丽水市2021-2022学年高二下学期普通高中教学质量监控期末考试英语试卷
21-23 DAD 24-26 ABD 27-30 ACAC
浙江省丽水市普通高中2020-2021学年高二下学期教学质量监控英语试题
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。只要讲了美国人Kilham照顾幼熊以及研究成年熊取得的成就。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“With their mothers perhaps shot dead or knocked down by a car, Kilham cares for the baby bears.”可知Kilham主要照顾那些由于它们的妈妈被猎杀或者被车撞死的幼熊。故选D项。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“has made him such an expert that China asked for his help with the giant panda.”可知，他成为有名的专家以至于中国请求他帮助大熊猫。由此推知，他致力于黑熊的研究，即划线词意为“致力于”。A. Devotion.奉献，致力于；B. Exposure.暴露；C. Contribution.贡献；D. Assistance.援助。根据句意，A项和原文意思吻合。故选A项。
【23题详解】
写作意图题。根据文章主要内容，尤其第三段第四句“With their mothers perhaps shot dead or knocked down by a car, Kilham cares for the baby bears.”（Kilham主要照顾那些由于它们的妈妈被猎杀或者被车撞死的幼熊），第四段的“In addition, he observes adult bears in the wild. His dedication to black bears has made him such an expert that China asked for his help with the giant panda. ”（此外，他在野外观察成年熊。他对黑熊的献身精神使他成为一名专家，中国请求他帮助研究大熊猫。）和倒数第二段“Kilham has released 165 bears back into the wild and recorded more than 1,500 black bear interactions in nature. ”（Kilham已经将165只熊放归野外，并记录了1500多只黑熊在自然界的互动。）可知，主要讲述Kilham照顾幼熊以及研究成年熊取得的成就。结合选项只有C 项能概括整个文章大意。故选C项。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，文章介绍了印度疫情的严峻形势、分析了造成现状的原因和各国提供的援助。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“There are over 300,000 new cases every day(每天有超过30万的新病例)”，“There are not enough beds, and hospitals are turning away people with the virus. They have also run out of oxygen.(没有足够的床位，医院正在拒收病人。氧气储备不足。)”可知第一自然段是通过列举事实的方式来说明印度严峻形势的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。在第二自然段作者介绍了人口密度“464 people/km2(464人/平方公里)”、个人卫生习惯“only 36% of Indians wash their hands with soap(只有36%的印度人用肥皂洗手)”、生活条件“160 million Indians do not have access to clean water(1.6亿印度人没有干净的水)”、健康状况“diabetes and other diseases worsen COVID-19 outcomes(糖尿病和其他疾病会加重COVID-19的预后)”和民众意识“people came out on the streets and celebrated with no attention to social distancing(人们走上街头庆祝，丝毫没有注意到社交距离)”等几个因素，可知作者想告诉读者，以上各种因素很可能导致了印度疫情的严重性，故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“A Singapore Foreign Affairs spokesperson explained how urgent it was to help India, ‘We have all witnessed in the past year how this pandemic is a trans-boundary threat. It gives no regard for country, nationality, or race. This is exactly why we must work collectively to support each other. ’(新加坡外交部发言人解释说，帮助印度是多么紧迫，‘过去一年，我们都目睹了这场大流行是如何成为一种跨界威胁。它不考虑国家、国籍或种族。这就是为什么我们必须共同努力，相互支持。’)”可推知，新加坡外交部发言人认为这场大流行是跨界的威胁，我们必须共同努力，相互支持，携手抗疫。故选D项。
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过指纹，我们可以得知的一些信息，以及指纹在未来的医学中的一些用途。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Fingerprints have provided key evidence in countless cases of serious crime.”（指纹为无数严重犯罪案件提供了关键证据）和“In seeking a solution to this problem, researchers have started to realize that a fingerprint can be used for a lot more than just its unique ridge (纹理) pattern.”（在寻求解决这个问题的方法时，研究人员已经开始意识到，指纹的用途不仅仅是其独特的纹路图案）可知，指纹可以为严重犯罪案件提供关键证据，并且研究人员在研究过程中发现，指纹的用途不仅仅是其独特的纹路图案，还有其他用途。由此可知，我们可以从第1段内容中得知，指纹要比人们想象的有用。故选C项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“And newer processes can obtain much more information about the fingerprint owner—what they’ve touched, what they’ve eaten and even what drugs they’ve taken.”（而更新的过程中可以获得更多关于指纹所有者的信息，比如他们碰了什么，吃了什么，甚至吃了什么药）可知，研究人员可以从指纹中得知嫌犯吃的食物、服用的药品和接触过的物质，“the people a suspect has encountered”意为“嫌犯遇到的人”，文章中并没有提到。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“In our current research, our group has also found that medicines can be found in fingerprints, and that these traces disappear when a patient stops taking their medicines. So one day we could see fingerprints used as an easy way of helping a patient to check whether a drug is being absorbed properly.”（在我们目前的研究中，我们的小组还发现，药物可以在指纹中找到，当患者停止服药时，这些痕迹就会消失。所以有一天我们可以看到指纹作为一种简单的方法来帮助病人检查药物是否被正确地吸收）可知，指纹可以帮助病人检查药物是否被正确地吸收。由此可推断出，指纹将来会用来知道病人的药是否被吸收了。故选B项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，根据第二段关键句“And newer processes can obtain much more information about the fingerprint owner—what they’ve touched, what they’ve eaten and even what drugs they’ve taken.”（而更新的过程中可以获得更多关于指纹所有者的信息，比如他们碰了什么，吃了什么，甚至吃了什么药）和最后一段关键句“If we think more broadly, fingerprints can provide some very exciting possibilities for the future of medical testing.”（如果我们更广泛地考虑，指纹可以为未来的医学检测提供一些非常令人兴奋的可能性）可知，文章主要讲述了通过指纹，我们可以得知的一些信息，以及指纹在未来的医学中的一些用途。“The Hidden Data in Your Fingerprints”意为“你指纹里隐藏的数据”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选B项。
浙江省丽水市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量监控英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和儿子亲子关系紧张，作者分析是因为自己试图用意志力让儿子服从，缺乏同理心。同理心是缓解父母与孩子紧张关系的关键。于是作者带着同理心重新审视和儿子的关系，意识到同理心实际上并不是一项复杂的技能。它是社会大脑的一个基本部分。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Recently, I said something like this to my 13-year-old son: “I've told you a thousand times, just do your work and we can stop fighting. Why don't you just listen to me I hate having to shout to get you to pay attention.”可知最近，我对13岁的儿子说了这样一句话：“我已经跟你说过一千遍了，只要做好你的工作，我们就可以停止争斗了。你为什么不听我说？我讨厌通过大喊来引起你的注意。”由此可推知，第一段描述了作者和儿子亲子关系紧张的现象。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中I was trying to use my force of will to make him obey.可知我试图用我的意志力让他服从。以及第三段The first rule of emotional intelligence: When people feel pushed, they resist. I was blaming him, interpreting his lack of interest in homework as a kind of personal attack on me and implying that he was making me behave the way that I behaved. I was focused on what I wanted and my perspective.可知情商的第一条规则：当人们感到被逼迫时，他们就会反抗。我在指责他，把他对作业的不感兴趣理解为对我的一种人身攻击，暗示他让我有这样的行为。我专注于我想要的东西和我的观点。由此可知，作者在与他/她儿子的关系中情商上的失败体现在作者强迫他/她的儿子让步。故选B。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段I'd like to focus on this last point, because it turns out that this lack of perspective-taking—this lack of empathy—is the key to easing parent-child tension.可知我想把重点放在最后一点上，因为事实证明这种换位思考的缺乏——这种同理心的缺乏——是缓解父母与孩子紧张关系的关键。结合文章说明了作者和儿子亲子关系紧张，作者分析是因为自己试图用意志力让儿子服从，缺乏同理心。同理心是缓解父母与孩子紧张关系的关键。于是作者带着同理心重新审视和儿子的关系，意识到同理心实际上并不是一项复杂的技能。它是社会大脑的一个基本部分。由此可知，D选项“缓解亲子紧张关系的关键”符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项名为Walk Cancer Away的活动，想要找到帮助战胜癌症的方法。到目前为止，活动的参与者已经为纪念斯隆凯特琳癌症中心的Nancy Kemeny博士的结直肠研究基金筹集了70多万美元，文章还说明了这项活动创立的原因，呼吁大家的加入。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease.可知我们的目标是远离癌症，因为我们给那些与这种威胁生命的疾病作斗争的人力量。以及后文With each step we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to finding a cure.可知随着我们迈出的每一步，随着我们分享的每一个故事，随着我们做出的每一项捐赠，我们离找到治愈方法又近了一步。由此可知，Walk Cancer Away想要帮助找到战胜癌症的方法。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N. Rentas. Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer, the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease.可知Walk Cancer Away始于纪念James N. Rentas而举行的步行活动。在因结直肠癌而失去他的影响下，12年前，Rentas一家走到一起，帮助那些遭受疾病折磨的人们。由此可知，James N. Rentas死于癌症。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this year's Walk Cancer Away Event.可知我们请求您、您的家人和您的朋友参加今年的“远离癌症”活动。由此可推知，作者做这个演讲是为了号召人们参加这项活动。故选A。
【答案】7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海胆。海胆之所以被认为是杰出的生物是因为它们可以清除有害藻类。藻类并不是唯一威胁珊瑚礁的东西。气候变化以及该地区渔业和旅游业的影响也威胁着珊瑚礁。但是用海胆代替人工解决方案似乎是最好的选择。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中They have really sharp teeth they use to rid rocks of algae (海藻) which makes them pretty valuable especially in places like Hawaii where algae are threatening the coral reefs.可知，它们有锋利的牙齿用来清除岩石上的藻类，这使它们非常珍贵，尤其是在夏威夷这样的地方，那里的藻类正在威胁珊瑚礁。由此可知，海胆之所以被认为是杰出的生物是因为它们可以清除有害藻类。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The problem started when non-native algae were introduced to the ecosystem of Kane’ohe Bay in the 1970s. Because they had no enemies, they ended up taking over the bay,可知， 这一问题始于20世纪70年代非本地藻类被引入卡内奥河湾的生态系统。因为它们没有敌人，它们最终占领了海湾。 由此可知，非本地藻类到达卡内奥河湾后，它们散布到海湾的每一个角落。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句But they had to grow to the size of a cherry tomato before they could be used.可知，但它们必须长到樱桃番茄的大小才能被使用。由此可知，sea urchins that loved to devour the algae“海胆喜欢吃海藻”。由此推知，划线词的意思是“吃”。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Algae isn’t the only thing that threatens the coral reefs. Climate change and the effects of fishing and tourism in the area also endanger the coral reefs. But turning to sea urchins instead of man-made solutions seems like the best way to go.可知， 藻类并不是唯一威胁珊瑚礁的东西。气候变化以及该地区渔业和旅游业的影响也威胁着珊瑚礁。但是用海胆代替人工解决方案似乎是最好的选择。由此可知，作者建议让大自然照顾大自然来拯救珊瑚礁。故选D。
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
浙江省丽水市2021-2022学年高二下学期普通高中教学质量监控期末考试英语试卷
第一节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 25 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。
A
Wander through Edinburgh and you will find Walter Scott, Scotland’s most famous novelist, everywhere: pubs named after characters or places in his books, his walking cane and slippers in The Writers’ Museum. Just outside the Waverley train station, Scott’s statue stands beneath a monument affectionately nicknamed the Rocket.
Built in 1840, eight years after his death at the age of 61, the Scott Monument captures the extreme regard for this international bestselling writer and son of Edinburgh. Scott’s adventurous historical stories, set against a dramatic background of high mountains, dark lakes and deep valleys, brought a vision of Scotland to the world.
As his friend, Jane Austen once remarked, Scott had two careers in literature. He quickly became Europe’s most famous poet in 1805 with immediate success of his first narrative poem, The Lay of the Last Minstrel, the tale of two lovers on opposite sides of a family conflict.
A 1810 book-length poem of King James V’s struggles with the powerful family Douglas, The Lady of the Lake would have obtained his reputation on its own. Selling 25, 000 copies in eight months, it broke records for poetry sales and brought its setting, the fantastic Lake Katrine, to the attention of a novel (新颖的) tourism industry.
Scott also wrote songs and collected ballads for future, but after the success of his poetry, he turned to novel writing in his 40s. For nearly 20 years he produced a series of fat novels, which spread his reputation around the globe further still. Although involving in the gothic style popular at the time, Scott favoured historical themes, not only set in Scotland but also England, France, Syria and elsewhere, as far back as the 11th century. However, these days, Scott’s writing has fallen out of fashion thanks in part to the absolute length of the novels.
Waverley, Scott’s exploration of the Jacobite uprising of 1745, lends itself to political as much as literary analysis. The Highland Widow captures the conflicted mood of a young lad who, seeking better fortune, joins in the Black Watch, upsetting his mother. Drugging her son so he misses his appointment, she sends him to military execution (处决). Although written in a sentimental (伤感的) style popular at the time, the story finds much to say about national tensions, military occupation, and cultural conflict in the lives of post-Union Scots.
21. Why will you find Walter Scott everywhere when wandering through Edinburgh
A. Because the characters or places in his books are set only in Scotland.
B. Because pubs in Edinburgh are fond of being named after Walter Scott.
C. Because Walter Scott’s cane and slippers are displayed in the Writers’ Museum.
D. Because Walter Scott is an international bestselling author and son of Edinburgh.
22. Nowadays, Walter Scott’s novels are no longer so fashionable partly because they are too _________.
A. lengthy B. novel C. uninteresting D. complicated
23. Which of the following is about the story of two lovers’ family conflict
A. Waverley. B. The Lady of the Lake.
C. The Highland Widow. D. The Lay of the Last Minstrel.
B
Sixteen miles off the windswept coast of northern Scotland, the future of renewable energy is taking shape. Turning rhythmically in the breeze, the five enormous turbines (涡轮机) of the Hywind Scotland wind farm look like any other off-shore wind project, except one major difference — they’re floating.
While conventional offshore turbines sit atop mental and concrete towers fixed into the seabed, Hywind’s turbines rest on floating steel structures that rise and fall with waves. Carefully balanced, they remain upright despite the waving conditions. This simple sounding, yet extremely complex design is changing the way green developers view offshore wind.
It could prove to be an important development as the world attempts to meet the net zero carbon emission targets that countries committed to in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The energy department as a whole currently accounts for around three quarters of all the greenhouse gases emitted by human activity.
To cut those emissions, green electricity will need to be at the main source of global energy, according to the International Energy Agency. It says that by 2024, half of the world’s energy needs will have to be met by electricity produced in a net zero way.
With growing numbers of electric vehicles, combined with increased demand for electricity to replace fossil fuels in domestic and industrial uses, electricity networks will also need to become far more flexible with more ways to generate and store energy. It means that by 2045, our energy network could look thoroughly different to the way it does today. Projects like Hywind’s floating wind farm offer a present-day glimpse of what the future could look like.
While floating turbines overcome some of the issues that make offshore wind farms in deep waters impossible, there are still challenges to be overcome. There are some concerns about what impact large wind turbines might have on the marine environment. The price of floating wind projects is also still high — costing almost twice as much per megawatt hour of electricity produced compared to bottom-fixed offshore wind. But those costs are expected to drop as the technology becomes increasingly advanced, as has been seen with other wind energy projects, helping pave the way towards net zero emissions, and a future powered by carbon-free fuel.
24. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “emitted” in the third paragraph
A. Released. B. Replaced. C. Wasted. D. Influenced.
25. What is the author’s opinion on floating wind projects
A. Disapproving. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.
26. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text
A. To share his research on energy.
B. To call on people to save energy.
C. To replace the traditional fossil fuels.
D. To introduce a clean renewable energy.
C
In 1810, during his first Grand Tour of Europe, Byron carved his name into a column base of the Temple of Poseidon on the Aegean coast. Although Byron himself might not have actually written the name that is left there, the story has become part of the history of the monument, searched for by his admirers among the hundreds of other names carved all over the temple.
Modern graffiti, however, is met with a very different reaction. In 2014 a Russian tourist was fined ?20, 000 for carving a large “K” on a wall of the Colosseum in Rome, the fifth such incident that year．
What is the thinking behind such acts Are tourists aiming for ill fame to become part of the monument’s history Or is it simply part of the experience of visiting the site And, further, why is historical graffiti, which was equally destructive, considered historic heritages The motives behind them are, after all, probably the same, however, graffiti comes to tell us about lives and moments that might otherwise have been lost.
The earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument has been identified by the historian Lionel Casson in a cave at Wadi Hammamat in Egypt in 2000 BC. The name of Hena is cut into the sandstone alongside a list of his achievements. In ancient Greece, too, stoas (柱廊) were the meeting places of philosophers and the places for school boys’ lessons. We therefore often see alphabets and Homeric poems written on their walls.
And it is not just monuments and buildings: Miltiades, a general from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, carved his name into the helmet he wore. In the Athens, too, a Spartan shield (盾) was found with words noting that the Athenians captured it during the Battle in 425 BC. Without such graffiti, the objects would still be impressive, but far less useful for historians, as their writing provides an exact original place.
In the 21st century, however, with the rapid increase in tourism, if everyone decided to leave their mark, these sites would be irretrievable (不可挽回地) destroyed. Perhaps Beijing’s
controversial new free graffiti zones on certain sections of the Great Wall of China will satisfy the desire to carve our own piece of history into the limited resource of the monument, though it seems unlikely that it will easily be contained to one area. Regardless, it is important that we protect these monuments — and the graffiti that some of them already contain.
27. Why is Baron’s carving his name into the column base mentioned in the first paragraph
A. To introduce the related topic. B. To attract more people to copy him.
C. To show his admirers to search. D. To become part of the story of the monument.
28. What can we infer from the passage
A. It was actually Byron that wrote and carved his name there.
B. It was the fifth time that the Russian tourist had been fined that year.
C. Ancient graffiti was carved more than on monuments and buildings.
D. The motives behind ancient and modern graffiti are completely the same.
29. Where was the earliest graffiti of a person’s name on a monument discovered
A. In a cave in Egypt. B. In a temple on the Aegean coast.
C. On a wall of the Colosseum in Rome. D. In an ancient meeting place in Greece.
30. Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. What was the Earliest Graffiti
B. What’s the Way to Protect Graffiti
C. What Can We Learn From Ancient Graffiti
D. What was the Motivation of Ancient Graffiti
浙江省丽水市普通高中2020-2021学年高二下学期教学质量监控英语试题
第一节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 25 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Stripy and Jake are baby bears. They are fed by bottle and play around happily. Other bear orphans are sitting in the trees when Ben Kilham goes into their area.
Kilham, an American bear whisperer, lives in the woods of New Hampshire. His life work is all about understanding black bears, winning him not just international fame, but also greater insight into humankind.
From the bear photos and paintings on the wall to the three little wooden bears welcoming visitors at the entrance, everything in his home shows his passion. So does the nearby 3-hectare area. This is where he cares for orphan baby bears that are entrusted (委托) to him each year by the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department. With their mothers perhaps shot dead or knocked down by a car, Kilham cares for the baby bears. He makes sure they grow up safe and well, before releasing them back into the wild at the age of 18 months.
In addition, he observes adult bears in the wild. His dedication to black bears has made him such an expert that China asked for his help with the giant panda. After a quarter of a century of study, Kilham has no doubt that bears are as close to humans as great apes, even though, as he says, “apes are our closest genetic relatives.”
Kilham has released 165 bears back into the wild and recorded more than 1,500 black bear interactions in nature. Recently his work led to a PhD in environmental sciences. He has written articles in National Geographic and a popular book, Among the Bears, which came out in 2002.
His goal is to raise awareness of caring about bears feared and hunted in the United States. Around 10 to 15 percent of New Hampshire’s 5,000 to 6,000 bears are killed every year in the hunting season.
“Bears are not interested in people. They are afraid of us. We can live very easily with bears; it’s a matter of educating the public,” says Kilham.
21. What is Ben Kilham’s daily job mainly about
A. Studying different kinds of wild animals.
B. Protecting humans from being hurt by bears.
C. Training bears to communicate with humans.
D. Taking care of baby bears that lost their mothers.
22. What does the underlined word “dedication” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Devotion. B. Exposure.
C. Contribution. D. Assistance.
23. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A. To call on people to protect the environment.
B. To tell people to keep away from black bears.
C To tell people about Ben Kilham and his studies.
D. To introduce Ben Kilham and his book—Among the Bears.
B
India faces various major challenges on the COVID-19 front. There are over 300,000 new cases every day — the largest number of daily cases ever experienced by any country. India’s health system can no longer cope. There are not enough beds, and hospitals are turning away people with the virus. They have also run out of oxygen.
With a huge population of 1,380 million, India is densely populated: 464 people/km2. Social distancing without total shutdowns is unthinkable, especially in the big cities with crowded streets, trains, buses and offices. The latest data from the government survey says that only 36% of Indians wash their hands with soap before a meal. Even worse, 160 million Indians do not have access to clean water to wash their hands. The research suggests that diabetes and other diseases worsen COVID-19 outcomes. The awareness about disease dynamics is very poor, even among the wealthier and more educated population. After the national voluntary “people’s curfew” called by the prime minister on 22 March, which was by and large a success, people came out on the streets and celebrated with no attention to social distancing.
Many countries around the world are sending oxygen to India. Singapore and the UK have sent much-needed oxygen cylinders to India. A Singapore Foreign Affairs spokesperson explained how urgent it was to help India, “We have all witnessed in the past year how this pandemic is a trans-boundary threat. It gives no regard for country, nationality, or race. This is exactly why we must work collectively to support each other.” The WHO said the situation in India was “beyond heartbreaking”. It said, “The WHO is doing everything we can, providing critical equipment and supplies, including thousands of oxygen concentrators, mobile field hospitals and laboratory supplies.” It added, “The growth that we have seen in case numbers is really, truly astonishing.”
24. In what way is the serious situation stated in paragraph 1
A. By listing facts. B. By using quotes.
C. By making an assumption. D. By making a definition.
25. What does the writer most probably intend to inform readers in paragraph 2
A. India is a country with a large population.
B. The Indian government is to blame for pandemic.
C. Many Indians suffer from diabetes and other diseases.
D. Various factors contribute to the seriousness of pandemic in India.
26. Which of the opinion does the Singapore Foreign Affairs spokesperson agree with
A. The spread of pandemic is beyond description.
B. All equipment and supplies have been provided to India.
C. The current situation of pandemic in India is out of control.
D. All countries should make joint efforts to fight against pandemic.
C
Fingerprints have provided key evidence in countless cases of serious crime. But there are still some situations in which it can be difficult or impossible to recover fingerprints, and this can cause a headache for investigators. In seeking a solution to this problem, researchers have started to realize that a fingerprint can be used for a lot more than just its unique ridge (纹理) pattern.
A fingerprint is formed when a finger makes contact with a surface. The finger leaves behind traces of sweat and any other substances present on the finger that a suspect might have touched. These substances are deposited (存储) in the characteristic pattern of the ridges present on the fingertip of a person. Most fingerprints are invisible and require a chemical development process in order to show them. And newer processes can obtain much more information about the fingerprint owner—what they’ve touched what they’ve eaten and even what drugs they’ve taken.
A fingerprint left at a crime scene will contain not only sweat from a suspect, but also traces of any substances a suspect has touched. This can be very useful evidence if the fingerprints contain a victim’s blood. But even then, a fingerprint gives no investigative clue if the suspect is not on the fingerprint database.
Researchers recently showed that the substances that cover a mobile phone can vary according to who the device belongs to because of the food, medicines and other things to which we are exposed. So the substances in fingerprints should vary in a similar way, and some early attempts have been made to prove this.
If we think more broadly, fingerprints can provide some very exciting possibilities for the future of medical testing. For example, a fingerprint is a very convenient way to give a sample in a drug test. In our current research, our group has also found that medicines can be found in fingerprints, and that these traces disappear when a patient stops taking their medicines. So one day we could see fingerprints used as an easy way of helping a patient to check whether a drug is being absorbed properly.
27. What can we infer from paragraph 1
A. Fingerprints are hard to find in most cases.
B. It is impossible to recover broken fingerprints.
C. Fingerprints are more useful than people thought.
D. Fingerprints are not that useful in many cases of serious crime.
28. Researchers can get all the following information from a fingerprint EXCEPT ________.
A. the food a suspect has eaten
B. the drugs a suspect has taken
C. the substances a suspect has touched
D. the people a suspect has encountered
29. What will fingerprints be used to do in the future
A. To find out if a patient is recovering properly.
B. To know if the patients’ drugs are being taken in indeed.
C. To check whether a driver is drunk in a quicker and more accurate way.
D. To help people find their lost mobile phones or other electronic devices.
30. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. The Key Uses of Fingerprints
B. The Hidden Data in Your Fingerprints
C. The Development of Fingerprint Technology
D. The Importance of Building a Fingerprint Database
浙江省丽水市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量监控英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Recently, I said something like this to my 13-year-old son: “I've told you a thousand times, just do your work and we can stop fighting. Why don't you just listen to me I hate having to shout to get you to pay attention.”
Creating a peaceful relationship with our children is a huge test of emotional intelligence-and particularly empathy. In the above example, there are a number of emotional intelligence failures. I was angry, so I was reacting unconsciously instead of responding intentionally. Under my anger was a feeling of powerlessness and fear. I was scared that he is not self-motivated and won't do well. I reacted to the fear by attacking. I was trying to use my force of will to make him obey.
The first rule of emotional intelligence: When people feel pushed they resist. I was blaming him, interpreting his lack of interest in homework as a kind of personal attack on me and implying that he was making me behave the way that I behaved. I was focused on what I wanted and my perspective.
I'd like to focus on this last point, because it turns out that this lack of perspective-taking—this lack of empathy—is the key to easing parent-child tension.
When I increase empathy and relook at the situation with compassion, I see a different story. Perhaps he was afraid, too. Perhaps he felt powerless, too. Perhaps he's learned the exact same pattern I've modeled: When you're afraid, attack.
That moment of curiosity is the doorway to empathy, and it's a game changer. Empathy is not actually a complex skill. It's a basic part of the social brain. That little pause of curiosity is a way to step out of the stress reaction, and step into being the person we choose to be.
Hopefully, I'll remember to take that all-important pause and ask myself :I wonder what's really going on for him right now.
1. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A. The parent-child tension. B. The poor emotional intelligence of parents.
C. The peaceful communication. D. The silent resistance from children.
2. What emotional intelligence failures did the writer make in the relationship with his/her son
A. Lacking a sense of fear. B. Forcing his/her son to give in.
C. Making personal attacks. D. Making intentional responses quickly.
3. What's the best title for the text
A. Parent-Child Conflicts B. The Test of Emotional Intelligence
C. The Doorway to Empathy D. The Key to Easing Parent-Child Tension
B
Every year, countless individuals are impacted by cancer. Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease. Walk Cancer Away invites everyone to participate in our annual family friendly walk event and join together to share the strong will power found inside each of us with those around us. With each step we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to finding a cure. To date, we have raised over$700,000 for Dr. Nancy Kemeny's Colorectal Research Fund at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC), together with thousands of people supporting this cause over the last 12 years we are committed to.
Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N. Rentas. Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease. Dr. Nancy Kemeny at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, who was the doctor treating James N. Rentas, mirrors that same goal. Her efforts and that of her team at MSKCC are focused on researching to overcome the disease and find a cure.
Together they have made great advancements over the years and have provided years of life for those facing the disease. In many cases, their continued efforts have led to full relief of the cancer in patients. With the deepest gratitude we are thankful to all those who support and participate in the event each year, because without you this would not be possible.
Although Walk Cancer Away started just 12 years ago, we are forever honored to be able to join in this event that so many of us find so close to our hearts. We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this year's Walk Cancer Away Event.
4. What does Walk Cancer Away intend to do
A. To contact those suffering from cancer. B. To give strength to cancer patients' family.
C. To help find a way to defeat cancer. D. To share experiences from cancer victims.
5. According to paragraph 2, James N. Rentas
A. lost his family B. died of cancer
C. did research on cancer D. founded Walk Cancer Away
6. Why does the author make this speech
A. To call on people to join in the activity. B. To raise money for cancer research.
C. To express thanks to all the participants. D. To introduce the history of an event.
C
Sea urchins (海胆) are small creatures, but what’s really remarkable about them is that they eat anything that happens to float by. They have really sharp teeth they use to rid rocks of algae (海澡), which makes them pretty valuable especially in places like Hawaii where algae are threatening the coral reefs. In the summer of 2019, 500,000 of them were used to deal with the algae.
The problem started when non-native algae were introduced to the ecosystem of Kane’ohe Bay in the 1970s. Because they had no enemies, they ended up taking over the bay, according to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). The algae blocked sunlight from reaching the coral, which in turn affected the local fish because they changed the chemistry of the water.
That's when the NMFS turned to sea urchins that loved to devour the algae. But they had to grow to the size of a cherry tomato before they could be used. Since 2011, sea urchins have been grown and used to handle the algae problem. Some of the funds are available due to an unfortunate incident.
In 2005, a ship was grounded on a shallow reef near Kane’ohe Bay. When the ship was removed, 20 acres of reefs have been damaged. When there is environmental damage, the NMFS and other agencies receive funds from the wrongdoers and the funds are used to restore the damage. Some funds were spent on other projects like the sea urchins.When they are large enough, divers carefully place them on the reef.
Algae isn’t the only thing that threatens the coral reefs. Climate change and the effects of fishing and tourism in the area also endanger the coral reefs. But turning to sea urchins instead of man-made solutions seems like the best way to go.
7. Why are sea urchins regarded as outstanding creatures
A. They are tiny but have teeth. B. They can keep the ocean clean.
C. They are useful in removing algae. D. They grow on coral reefs with algae.
8. What happened after non-native algae arrived at Kane’ohe Bay
A. They helped the coral reefs to survive. B. They spread to every corner of the bay.
C. They didn’t fit in with the new surroundings. D. They fought against other species to get food.
9. What does the underlined word “devour” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Eat. B. Block. C. Tease. D. Attract.
10. What does the author suggest doing to save coral reefs
A. Relying on humans’ solutions. B. Banning fishing and tourism.
C. Employing divers to handle algae. D. Letting nature take care of nature.
答案：
浙江省丽水市2021-2022学年高二下学期普通高中教学质量监控期末考试英语试卷
21-23 DAD 24-26 ABD 27-30 ACAC
浙江省丽水市普通高中2020-2021学年高二下学期教学质量监控英语试题
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。只要讲了美国人Kilham照顾幼熊以及研究成年熊取得的成就。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“With their mothers perhaps shot dead or knocked down by a car, Kilham cares for the baby bears.”可知Kilham主要照顾那些由于它们的妈妈被猎杀或者被车撞死的幼熊。故选D项。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“has made him such an expert that China asked for his help with the giant panda.”可知，他成为有名的专家以至于中国请求他帮助大熊猫。由此推知，他致力于黑熊的研究，即划线词意为“致力于”。A. Devotion.奉献，致力于；B. Exposure.暴露；C. Contribution.贡献；D. Assistance.援助。根据句意，A项和原文意思吻合。故选A项。
【23题详解】
写作意图题。根据文章主要内容，尤其第三段第四句“With their mothers perhaps shot dead or knocked down by a car, Kilham cares for the baby bears.”（Kilham主要照顾那些由于它们的妈妈被猎杀或者被车撞死的幼熊），第四段的“In addition, he observes adult bears in the wild. His dedication to black bears has made him such an expert that China asked for his help with the giant panda. ”（此外，他在野外观察成年熊。他对黑熊的献身精神使他成为一名专家，中国请求他帮助研究大熊猫。）和倒数第二段“Kilham has released 165 bears back into the wild and recorded more than 1,500 black bear interactions in nature. ”（Kilham已经将165只熊放归野外，并记录了1500多只黑熊在自然界的互动。）可知，主要讲述Kilham照顾幼熊以及研究成年熊取得的成就。结合选项只有C 项能概括整个文章大意。故选C项。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，文章介绍了印度疫情的严峻形势、分析了造成现状的原因和各国提供的援助。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“There are over 300,000 new cases every day(每天有超过30万的新病例)”，“There are not enough beds, and hospitals are turning away people with the virus. They have also run out of oxygen.(没有足够的床位，医院正在拒收病人。氧气储备不足。)”可知第一自然段是通过列举事实的方式来说明印度严峻形势的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。在第二自然段作者介绍了人口密度“464 people/km2(464人/平方公里)”、个人卫生习惯“only 36% of Indians wash their hands with soap(只有36%的印度人用肥皂洗手)”、生活条件“160 million Indians do not have access to clean water(1.6亿印度人没有干净的水)”、健康状况“diabetes and other diseases worsen COVID-19 outcomes(糖尿病和其他疾病会加重COVID-19的预后)”和民众意识“people came out on the streets and celebrated with no attention to social distancing(人们走上街头庆祝，丝毫没有注意到社交距离)”等几个因素，可知作者想告诉读者，以上各种因素很可能导致了印度疫情的严重性，故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“A Singapore Foreign Affairs spokesperson explained how urgent it was to help India, ‘We have all witnessed in the past year how this pandemic is a trans-boundary threat. It gives no regard for country, nationality, or race. This is exactly why we must work collectively to support each other. ’(新加坡外交部发言人解释说，帮助印度是多么紧迫，‘过去一年，我们都目睹了这场大流行是如何成为一种跨界威胁。它不考虑国家、国籍或种族。这就是为什么我们必须共同努力，相互支持。’)”可推知，新加坡外交部发言人认为这场大流行是跨界的威胁，我们必须共同努力，相互支持，携手抗疫。故选D项。
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过指纹，我们可以得知的一些信息，以及指纹在未来的医学中的一些用途。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Fingerprints have provided key evidence in countless cases of serious crime.”（指纹为无数严重犯罪案件提供了关键证据）和“In seeking a solution to this problem, researchers have started to realize that a fingerprint can be used for a lot more than just its unique ridge (纹理) pattern.”（在寻求解决这个问题的方法时，研究人员已经开始意识到，指纹的用途不仅仅是其独特的纹路图案）可知，指纹可以为严重犯罪案件提供关键证据，并且研究人员在研究过程中发现，指纹的用途不仅仅是其独特的纹路图案，还有其他用途。由此可知，我们可以从第1段内容中得知，指纹要比人们想象的有用。故选C项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“And newer processes can obtain much more information about the fingerprint owner—what they’ve touched, what they’ve eaten and even what drugs they’ve taken.”（而更新的过程中可以获得更多关于指纹所有者的信息，比如他们碰了什么，吃了什么，甚至吃了什么药）可知，研究人员可以从指纹中得知嫌犯吃的食物、服用的药品和接触过的物质，“the people a suspect has encountered”意为“嫌犯遇到的人”，文章中并没有提到。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“In our current research, our group has also found that medicines can be found in fingerprints, and that these traces disappear when a patient stops taking their medicines. So one day we could see fingerprints used as an easy way of helping a patient to check whether a drug is being absorbed properly.”（在我们目前的研究中，我们的小组还发现，药物可以在指纹中找到，当患者停止服药时，这些痕迹就会消失。所以有一天我们可以看到指纹作为一种简单的方法来帮助病人检查药物是否被正确地吸收）可知，指纹可以帮助病人检查药物是否被正确地吸收。由此可推断出，指纹将来会用来知道病人的药是否被吸收了。故选B项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，根据第二段关键句“And newer processes can obtain much more information about the fingerprint owner—what they’ve touched, what they’ve eaten and even what drugs they’ve taken.”（而更新的过程中可以获得更多关于指纹所有者的信息，比如他们碰了什么，吃了什么，甚至吃了什么药）和最后一段关键句“If we think more broadly, fingerprints can provide some very exciting possibilities for the future of medical testing.”（如果我们更广泛地考虑，指纹可以为未来的医学检测提供一些非常令人兴奋的可能性）可知，文章主要讲述了通过指纹，我们可以得知的一些信息，以及指纹在未来的医学中的一些用途。“The Hidden Data in Your Fingerprints”意为“你指纹里隐藏的数据”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选B项。
浙江省丽水市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末教学质量监控英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和儿子亲子关系紧张，作者分析是因为自己试图用意志力让儿子服从，缺乏同理心。同理心是缓解父母与孩子紧张关系的关键。于是作者带着同理心重新审视和儿子的关系，意识到同理心实际上并不是一项复杂的技能。它是社会大脑的一个基本部分。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Recently, I said something like this to my 13-year-old son: “I've told you a thousand times, just do your work and we can stop fighting. Why don't you just listen to me I hate having to shout to get you to pay attention.”可知最近，我对13岁的儿子说了这样一句话：“我已经跟你说过一千遍了，只要做好你的工作，我们就可以停止争斗了。你为什么不听我说？我讨厌通过大喊来引起你的注意。”由此可推知，第一段描述了作者和儿子亲子关系紧张的现象。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中I was trying to use my force of will to make him obey.可知我试图用我的意志力让他服从。以及第三段The first rule of emotional intelligence: When people feel pushed, they resist. I was blaming him, interpreting his lack of interest in homework as a kind of personal attack on me and implying that he was making me behave the way that I behaved. I was focused on what I wanted and my perspective.可知情商的第一条规则：当人们感到被逼迫时，他们就会反抗。我在指责他，把他对作业的不感兴趣理解为对我的一种人身攻击，暗示他让我有这样的行为。我专注于我想要的东西和我的观点。由此可知，作者在与他/她儿子的关系中情商上的失败体现在作者强迫他/她的儿子让步。故选B。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段I'd like to focus on this last point, because it turns out that this lack of perspective-taking—this lack of empathy—is the key to easing parent-child tension.可知我想把重点放在最后一点上，因为事实证明这种换位思考的缺乏——这种同理心的缺乏——是缓解父母与孩子紧张关系的关键。结合文章说明了作者和儿子亲子关系紧张，作者分析是因为自己试图用意志力让儿子服从，缺乏同理心。同理心是缓解父母与孩子紧张关系的关键。于是作者带着同理心重新审视和儿子的关系，意识到同理心实际上并不是一项复杂的技能。它是社会大脑的一个基本部分。由此可知，D选项“缓解亲子紧张关系的关键”符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项名为Walk Cancer Away的活动，想要找到帮助战胜癌症的方法。到目前为止，活动的参与者已经为纪念斯隆凯特琳癌症中心的Nancy Kemeny博士的结直肠研究基金筹集了70多万美元，文章还说明了这项活动创立的原因，呼吁大家的加入。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease.可知我们的目标是远离癌症，因为我们给那些与这种威胁生命的疾病作斗争的人力量。以及后文With each step we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to finding a cure.可知随着我们迈出的每一步，随着我们分享的每一个故事，随着我们做出的每一项捐赠，我们离找到治愈方法又近了一步。由此可知，Walk Cancer Away想要帮助找到战胜癌症的方法。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N. Rentas. Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer, the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease.可知Walk Cancer Away始于纪念James N. Rentas而举行的步行活动。在因结直肠癌而失去他的影响下，12年前，Rentas一家走到一起，帮助那些遭受疾病折磨的人们。由此可知，James N. Rentas死于癌症。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this year's Walk Cancer Away Event.可知我们请求您、您的家人和您的朋友参加今年的“远离癌症”活动。由此可推知，作者做这个演讲是为了号召人们参加这项活动。故选A。
【答案】7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海胆。海胆之所以被认为是杰出的生物是因为它们可以清除有害藻类。藻类并不是唯一威胁珊瑚礁的东西。气候变化以及该地区渔业和旅游业的影响也威胁着珊瑚礁。但是用海胆代替人工解决方案似乎是最好的选择。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中They have really sharp teeth they use to rid rocks of algae (海藻) which makes them pretty valuable especially in places like Hawaii where algae are threatening the coral reefs.可知，它们有锋利的牙齿用来清除岩石上的藻类，这使它们非常珍贵，尤其是在夏威夷这样的地方，那里的藻类正在威胁珊瑚礁。由此可知，海胆之所以被认为是杰出的生物是因为它们可以清除有害藻类。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The problem started when non-native algae were introduced to the ecosystem of Kane’ohe Bay in the 1970s. Because they had no enemies, they ended up taking over the bay,可知， 这一问题始于20世纪70年代非本地藻类被引入卡内奥河湾的生态系统。因为它们没有敌人，它们最终占领了海湾。 由此可知，非本地藻类到达卡内奥河湾后，它们散布到海湾的每一个角落。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句But they had to grow to the size of a cherry tomato before they could be used.可知，但它们必须长到樱桃番茄的大小才能被使用。由此可知，sea urchins that loved to devour the algae“海胆喜欢吃海藻”。由此推知，划线词的意思是“吃”。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Algae isn’t the only thing that threatens the coral reefs. Climate change and the effects of fishing and tourism in the area also endanger the coral reefs. But turning to sea urchins instead of man-made solutions seems like the best way to go.可知， 藻类并不是唯一威胁珊瑚礁的东西。气候变化以及该地区渔业和旅游业的影响也威胁着珊瑚礁。但是用海胆代替人工解决方案似乎是最好的选择。由此可知，作者建议让大自然照顾大自然来拯救珊瑚礁。故选D。