2023届高三英语二轮复习虚拟语气讲解课件（20张PPT）

(共20张PPT)
虚 拟 语 气
虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）
表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反 一般过去时 （be用1._____________） would/should/could/might
+动词原形
与将来事实相反 2. 或were to +动词原形 或should +动词原形 would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反 3.________________ would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
过去完成时
were
did
1．虚拟语气在条件句if中的用法
注意 If 的省略：
如果条件状语中有were, had, should时,
可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
Were I you, I would ...
Had he been there yesterday, he...
Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t ...
If I were you, I would try it again.
If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
Hadn't they saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river.
Had they not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river.
有时只有主句，不出现虚拟条件句，
而是用without, with, but for(要不是)等介词短语，或者用but, or, otherwise等副词或连词来表示虚拟条件，
可称之为含蓄条件虚拟语气。
I was so busy then,otherwise, I would have helped him.
We couldn’t have finished it without Mary.
But for (=if it had not been for) your help, I wouldn’t have been successful.
错综时间条件句
虚拟条件句中的主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致，这时主句和从句的谓语形式应按照各自动作发生的实际时间来表达
虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用
(1)一个坚持
两个命令
四个建议
四个要求
注：以上动词后所接宾语从句中谓语用“(should) + 动词原形”。
insist
order, command
advise, suggest, propose，recommend
demand , require, request, urge
(2)与上述动词相对应的名词suggestion, order, demand , proposal 等后的表语从句、同位语从句中也要使用虚拟语气(should可省略)。
My proposal is that we (should) set a deadline for handing in the plan.
(3)在It be suggested (ordered, demanded, proposed, … )that… 结构中，主语从句中也要使用虚拟语气。
It's required that every student be on time for school.
用于表语、同位语、主语从句
注意:
当suggest 表示“暗示,表明”;
insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时不用虚拟！
His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.
I insist that he was wrong.
虚拟语气特殊句型：
1.wish that
2. as if /as though
3.would rather that
4.It’s ( about/high) time that
1. wish that
现在：
过去：
将来 :
did /were(现在)
had done(过去)
would/could+动词原形(将来)
I wish I were a doctor.
I wish that the rain would stop.
I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it.
The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I
___________to it.
A. hadn’t gone B. haven’t gone
C. didn’t go D. could not have gone
How I wish I __________that! Everybody present
was angry with me.
A. didn’t go B. hadn’t done
C. wouldn’t do D. wasn’t doing
Tom can take his car apart and put it back
together again.I certainly wish he _____me how.
A. teaches B. will teach
C. has taught D. would teach
D
2. as if /though + Clause
现在：
过去：
将来 :
did /were(现在)
had done(过去)
She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
He speaks as if he had been to the United States.
would+动词原形(将来)
注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
It looks as if you are tired.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it
looks as if it __________.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _______ a young man.
A. is B. will be C. am D. were
The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _______rain.
A. is going to B. will
C. was going to D. would
3. would rather that
现在：
过去：
未来：
过去时
过去完成时
过去时
I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.
Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.
4. It’s (about/high) time that
动词过去式
Should +动词原形
It’s time we worked hard.
It’s high time that we started.
Thank you!