(共44张PPT)
新目标(Go for it)版八年级上册
SectionA(Grammar Focus-3c)
Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake
First,
Next,
Then,
Finally,
cut up two bananas, two
apples and a watermelon.
put in two spoons of
honey and a cup of yogurt.
mix it all up.
put the fruit in a bowl.
Let's review how to make fruit salad.
Revision
First, _____ some beef, one cabbage, four carrots, three potatoes, five tomatoes and one onion. Then, _____ ____ the vegetables. Next, _____ the beef, carrots and potatoes _____ ___ ____ and ____ some ______. ______ that, _____ them _____ 30 minutes. Then, ____ the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for _________ 10 minutes. Finally, don’t _______ to add some _______.
water
After
buy
cut
put
into a
add
up
pot
salt
cook
for
add
another
forget
Russian soup
Revision
How do you make Russian soup
Presentation
Warming up
Let’s watch a video.
How do you make popcorn
[ p pk n]n.爆米花
What do we need if we want to make popcorn
ingredient
[ n ɡri di nt]
n. 原料
tool[tu l]
n. 工具
Presentation
butter
corn [ k nlz]
salt
pot
Do you know how to make popcorn
____ some butter in the pot.
First,
put
put...in...把...放进...
____ the kernels.
And,
add
Presentation
fry and fry...
Next,
When the kernels turn brown, ______ the pot.
Then,
cover
Presentation
_____ some salt
______ the popcorn.
After that,
add
to
______ the popcorn.
Finally,
eat
Presentation
add some butter.
put the kernels.
fry and fry...
cover the pot.
add the salt.
eat it.
First
Then
Then
Then
Next
Finally
祈使句
Think about
Summary
Presentation
What did you find out
How do you make a banana milk shake First, peel the bananas.
Next, put the bananas in the blender.
Then, pour the milk into the blender.
Finally, turn on the blender.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need
We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.
探究一：动词原形构成的祈使句的结构和用法
祈使句可以表达叮嘱、劝告、禁止、请求、建议或命令等。 以动词原形或Don’t +动词原形开头, 没有时态和数的变化；暗含的主语是you, 但通常省略。
【注意】有时可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please，使语气显得客气、有礼貌。如果在句尾加please，应该用逗号与前句隔开。
e.g. Come in, please.
Grammar Focus
2、祈使句的结构和类型
Get up
起床
Eat your breakfast.
吃你的早餐
Don’t fight with your classmates.
不要和你的同学打架。
Don’t swim in the river It’s dangerous.
不要在河里游泳，这很危险。
肯定形式：实义动词原形+其他
否定形式：Don’t+ 实义动词原形+其他
以实义动词原形开头。
Do型
Grammar Focus
肯定形式：Be+形容词+(其他)
否定形式：Don’t+Be+形容词+(其他)
以Be动词原形开头。
Be型
Be careful!
小心！
Be quiet!
安静！
Don’t be late!
Don’t be shy!
不要迟到！
不要害羞！
Grammar Focus
Let’s clean the classroom!
Don’t let him eat in class.
Let him not play computer games.
让我们打扫教室！
不要让他在课堂上吃饭。
让他不要玩电脑游戏。
肯定形式：Let+宾语+动词原形+(其他)
否定形式：Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+(其他)
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+(其他)
Let’s+V.原形， 表示建议。
Let型
Grammar Focus
No swimming！
No smoking！
No photos！
No parking！
No+名词/动词-ing形式
No型
Grammar Focus
祈使句
反意疑问句
祈使句的反意疑问句，若前面是肯定结构，
附加问句用 will you，
也可用 won’t / would / can / can’t you 或 shall we 等，形式上是反意疑问句，但并不表示正式的疑问句，
也不表示反意，而是表示邀请或表示请求。
Stop shouting, will you
Give me the book, will you/won’t you
Grammar Focus
祈使句
反意
疑问句
祈使句的反意疑问句，若前面是否定结构，
则附加问句只能用 will you。
Don’t play computer games, will you
Don’t forget to do your homework, will you
Grammar Focus
祈使句
反意
疑问句
以let’s开头的祈使句，附加问句要用shall we；以 let us开头的祈使句，附加问句要用will you。
Let’s make a banana milk shake, shall we
Let us go home, will you
let’s 包括对方，
let us不包括对方。
Grammar Focus
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need
We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.
how many 提问_____________数量
how much 提问_____________数量
可数名词
不可数名词
how much 除了提问数量，还用来提问价格
Grammar Focus
Presentation
What did you find out
How do you make a banana milk shake First, peel the bananas.
Next, put the bananas in the blender.
Then, pour the milk into the blender.
Finally, turn on the blender.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need
We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.
可数名词
不可数名词
探究三：可数名词与不可数名词的用法。
名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，不可数名词没有。
请将下列单词归类。
banana, milk, salt, salad, yogurt, beef, honey, tomato, sandwich, chicken, juice
可数名词：
不可数名词：
既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词：
banana, tomato, sandwich
milk, salt, yogurt, beef, honey, juice
salad, chicken
Grammar Focus
可数名词变复数形式比较多样,其变化规则如下：
变化规则 例子 1 一般情况下，直接末尾加-s book-books pen-pens dog-dogs
2 以s、x、sh、ch结尾，末尾加-es watch-watches box-boxes bus-buses
3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es baby-babies story-stories candy-candies
以“元音字母+y”结尾，直接末尾加-s boy-boys day-days toy-toys
4 以“o”结尾的单词 一般有生命加-es potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
一般无生命加-s photo-photos zoo-zoos piano-pianos
5 以“f”或“fe” 结尾，变f或fe 为v，再加-es leaf-leaves knife-knives scarf-scarves
不规则变化 例子 改变单词中间的元音字母 man-men woman-women
foot-feet tooth-teeth（牙齿）
mouse-mice goose-geese（鹅）
在词尾加-en/ren child-children ox-oxen（公牛）
单复数同形 sheep-sheep fish-fish
deer-deer（鹿） people-people
“某国人”变复数规则 中国、日本不变 Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
英国、法国a变e Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen（法国人）
其余的国家加-s American-Americans German-Germans
（德国人）
Exercises
写出下列名词的复数形式。
1 apple ________ 2 monkey ________
3 class __________ 4 desk _________
5 Foot _________ 6 box __________
7 piano __________ 8 family _________
9 child _________ 10 toy __________
11 Chinese __________ 12 boy _________
13 photo __________ 14 potato __________
15 city __________ 16 sheep _________
17 country __________ 18 tooth _________
19 month __________ 20 woman __________
apples
monkeys
classes
desks
feet
boxes
pianos
families
children
toys
Chinese
boys
photos
potatoes
cities
sheep
countries
teeth
months
women
Exercise
Presentation
探究三：可数名词与不可数名词的用法。
可数名词：可数名词前可以加不定冠词a\an表示一个，也可用基数词或者 a few, many等直接修饰可数名词，如a banana, an apple, three pears
等；
不可数名词：不可数名词前不能加a\an表示一个，也不能用基数词或者many等直接修饰不可数名词，可用 a little, much 等修饰。要表达不可数名词的量要用“数词+表示量的名词(有单数、复数形式变化)+of ”。如：one cup / bottle of water ，three spoons of soup，one bowl of rice one box of milk， two kilos of yogurt
如何问答名词的数量？
询问可数名词的数量：
__________ + 可数名词……
How many
对可数名词的量进行提问时用how many 。
(注意：how many后接可数名词的复数形式)
This boy has three pens. (对划线部分提问)
→How many pens does this boy have
Grammar Focus
Presentation
探究三：可数名词与不可数名词的用法。
询问不可数名词的数量：_________ + 不可数名词 ……
How much
对不可数名词的量进行提问时用how much。
I ate two bowls of rice. (对划线部分提问)
→How much rice did you eat
how much 多少钱；询问价格— How much is Kate’s sweater — 60 yuan.
回答不可数名词的数量：_______ + 不可数名词
数量词
一杯 _________;
一碗 __________
a cup of
a bowl of
______ _______(多少) bananas do we need We need three bananas.
______ _______(多少) yogurt do we need We need one cup of yogurt.
How many
How much
How many +复数名词 + 一般疑问句。
How much +不复数名词 + 一般疑问句。
Grammar Focus
Exercise
一、单项选择。
1. The boys had _____ for breakfast this morning.
A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
2. Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ________.
A. three bottle water B. three bottle of water
C. three bottles of water D. three bottles of water
3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won’t C. Doesn’t D. Don’t
4. _______ more, and you’ll improve your spoken English.
A. Speak B. Speaks C. Speaking D. To speak
5. Sssh! _______ talk loudly. The baby is sleeping right now.
A. Do B. Does C. Don’t D. Doesn’t
6. I am hungry. But there is little _______left. I have to go and buy some.
A. sandwiches B. potatoes C. water D. bread
C
C
D
C
A
D
Exercise
二、用how many或how much填空。
1. ______________ cheese do you want
2. ______________ onions does your mother buy
3. ______________ tomatoes are there on the plate
4. ______________ yogurt do you need for your banana milk shake
5. _____________ bottles of juice do you have
How much
How many
How many
How much
How many
Exercise
三、句型转换。
1. There’re six bags of rice in the room. (就画线部分提问)
______________________________________
2. Susan wants six bottles of milk. (就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________
3. You can’t do it now. (改为祈使句)
__________________________________.
4. Please tell me what I can do next. (改为同义句)
__________________________________.
How much rice is there in the room
How many bottles of milk does Susan want
Don’t do it now
Please tell me what to do next
Exercise
Presentation
3a
Circle the correct word in each question.
1. How ( much /many) bananas do we need
2. How (much / many) sugar do we need
3. How ( much / many) bread do we need
4. How ( much / many) tomatoes do we need
5. How ( much /many) cheese do we need
n. 食糖
n. 干酪; 奶酪
Post-grammar
Presentation
3b
Look at the pictures. What we do need to make popcorn
n. 爆米花
Do you like to eat popcorn
popcorn
We want to make popcorn.
We need ___________.
popcorn machine
bowl
salt
corn
Do you know how to make popcorn
Post-grammar
Presentation
Do you know how to make popcorn
First, put the popcorn into the popcorn machine.
Next, turn on the popper.
Next, pour the popcorn into a bowl.
Then, put（add） some salt on the popcorn.
Finally, you can try(eat) it.
Post-grammar
Presentation
Half a cup.
b.______ , put the corn into the popcorn machine.
c. Yes, we can!
d. Next, _____on the machine. ______, add the salt.
e. Just one spoon.
____1.______do you make popcorn
____2.___________corn do you need
____3.______ do we do next
____4.___________salt do we need
____5.Now can we eat it
How
How much
What
How much
First
turn
Finally
b
a
d
e
c
Complete the questions and answers. Then match them.
3b
Post-grammar
Presentation
1. ____ do you make popcorn
b. _____, put the corn into the popcorn machine.
2. _________ corn do we need
a. Half a cup.
3. ______ do we do next
d. Next, _____ on the machine. ______, add the salt.
4. __________ salt do we need
e. Just one spoon.
5. Now can we eat it
c. Yes, we can!
How
How much
What
How much
First
turn
Finally
Practice the conversation like this.
Post-grammar
Presentation
Write how to do one of the following things. Then tell your partner how to do it.
3c
plant a tree
make beef noodles
wash clothes
take out a book from
the library
First, dig a hole. Then …
Do you know how to plant a tree
plant a tree
make beef noodles
wash clothes
get a book from
the library
Post-grammar
Presentation
Dig a hole.
Put the tree in the hole.
Put the soil back into the hole.
Water the tree.
It’s OK now.
Let’s learn how to plant trees.
Post-grammar
Presentation
First: Put some water in a basin.
Next: Put the dirty clothes into it and add some soap.
Then: Wash for a while .
Finally: Wash the clothes in clean water for another three times.
Do you know how to wash clothes
Can you make noodles with beef and tomatoes
First: Cut up beef.
Next: Boil the noodles. Cook beef for at least 40 minutes.
Then: Add the ingredients to the noodles.
Finally: Add salt to the noodles.
Post-grammar
1. Do you know how to plant a tree （教材P59 3c）
特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式
动词不定式常和what, which, who(m), where, when, how等连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
Where to live has not been decided yet.
如：住在哪里还没有决定。
We must know what to say at the meeting.
我们必须知道在会上该说什么。
The problem is whom to go with.
问题是和谁一起去。
作主语
作宾语
作表语
Language points
2. First, dig a hole.（教材P59 3c）
dig作动词，意为“掘（地）；凿（洞）；挖（土）”，其过去式为dug，动词-ing形式为digging。
They are digging a tunnel.
如：他们正在挖一条隧道。
She dug a hole and planted a tree.
她挖了一个洞，种了一棵树。
Language points
重排下列句子，成为一段完整的对话。
A. First, put the water into the pot.
B. Next, put the noodles into the pot and
cook for five minutes.
C. How many noodles do we need
D. How much water do we need
E. How do we make egg noodles
F. What do we do next
G. Four bowls.
H. Half a kilo.
I. Finally, put the egg into the pot and cook for
another five minutes.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Exercise
Summary
sugar, cheese, popcorn , corn, machine, dig, hole pour…into…，
make popcorn，half a cup，
1.How much cheese do we need
2.Do you know how to plant a tree
Key words and sentences
Grammar Focus
the usage of imperative sentences;
learn How much and How many questions;
learn to distinguish between Countable nouns and Uncountable nouns ;
Summary
Section A (Grammar Focus-3c)
Everyone should learn to do housework.
Post-grammar
Make a kind of milk shake/ fruit salad for your parents. And write down the steps(步骤）.
E-mail your homework to me.
QQ: 943519448
Homework
谢谢
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