天津市和平区2019-2022三年高三上学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

天津市和平区2019-2022三年高三上学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
天津市和平区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The following is a list of museums that have new ways to develop creativity and spread knowledge.
The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza
The museum is one of Madrid’s “Big Three” cultural institutions. Home to the world’s second largest private collection of art, it owns famous works from almost every art movement. Users can take a virtual (虚拟的）tour of the entire building or a thematic (主题的）tour covering such topics as food and fashion.
The National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art (MMCA), Seoul
Since it opened its doors in 2013, MMCA has become a well-known cultural platform and leader in Korean art. With the help of Google Arts and Culture, MMCA is now offering a virtual tour of its collections. This experience takes visitors through six floors of modern and contemporary art from Korea and around the world.
The Anne Frank House
The Anne Frank House, set up in 1957 in Amsterdam, tries to inform the public through educational programs and tours of the building where Anne and her family hid during World War II. To explore deeper into the story described in Anne9s diary, online visitors can watch videos about her life and look around the house where she lived before going into hiding.
The Vatican Museums
They are the public art and sculpture museums in the Vatican City. They exhibit works from the large collection collected by the Popes (教皇）throughout the centuries, including several of the most famous Roman sculptures and most important masterpieces of Renaissance (文艺复兴） art in the world. Virtual visitors can tour seven different sections of the complex, enjoying 360-degree views of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps best known for Michelangelo’s ceiling and Last Judgment fresco (壁画).
36. At which museum can visitors gain knowledge of art movements
A. The Vatican Museums.
B. The Anne Frank House.
C. The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bomemisza.
D. The National Museum of Modem and Contemporary Art.
37. What does MMCA’s collection focus on
A. Works of famous Roman artists.
B. Modem and contemporary art.
C. Public educational programs.
D. Google Arts and Culture.
38. What is special about the Anne Frank House
A. It was built during World War II.
B. It has the largest private collections.
C. It is the oldest museum about the war.
D. It tells the story of a World War II victim.
39. What can tourists do in The Vatican Museums
A. Learn to create sculptures.
B. Enjoy a specific thematic tour.
C. Watch videos about the Popes’ life.
D. Appreciate Michelangelo’s artworks.
40. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To introduce museums with virtual tours.
B. To appeal to people to visit museums in the flesh.
C. To show people ways of appreciating works of art.
D. To advise museums to perfect visitors’ experience.
B
Three very strong women — my mother, my grandmother and Melinda — deserve big credit for helping me become the man I am today. But Blanche Caffiere, a very kindly teacher and librarian I’ve never written about publicly before, also had a huge influence on me.
Mrs. Caffiere died in 2006, shortly after reaching her 100th birthday. Before she passed away, I had an opportunity to thank her for the important role she played in my life, arousing my passion for learning at a time when I easily could have gotten turned off by school.
When I first met Mrs. Caffiere, she was the elegant and engaging school librarian at Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary, and I was a fourth grader. I was desperately trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big defects (缺陷), like dysgraphia (书写障碍), and had a comically messy desk. And I was trying to hide the fact that I liked to read — something that was cool for girls but not for boys.
Mrs. Caffiere took me under her wing and helped make it okay for me to be a messy, nerdy boy who was reading lots of books. She pulled me out of my shell. She started by asking questions like, “What do you like to read ” and “What are you interested in ” Then she found me a lot of books. For example, she gave me great biographies she had read. Once I’d read them, she would make the time to discuss them with me. “Did you like the book ” she would ask. “Why What did you learn ” She genuinely listened to what I had to say. Through those book conversations in the library and in the classroom we became good friends.
Teachers generally don’t want to burden their students with extra reading beyond the homework they’ve assigned. But I learned from Mrs. Caffiere that my teachers had so much more knowledge to share. I just needed to ask. Up through high school and beyond, I would often ask my teachers about the books they liked, read those books when I had some free time, and offer my thoughts.
Looking back on it now, there’s no question that my time with Mrs. Caffiere helped spark my interest in libraries and my focus on helping every child in America get the benefit of great teachers. I should give some credit to the dedicated teacher and librarian who helped me find my strengths when I was nine years old. It’s remarkable how much power one good person can have in shaping the life of a child.
41. Which of the following best describes the author when he was a fourth grader
A. He tried to escape the attention of others.
B. He developed great passion for reading.
C. He wanted to share his hobby with girls.
D He built a good relationship with Mrs. Caffier.
42. What does “She pulled me out of my shell” in paragraph 4 mean
A. She forced me to read many books.
B. She taught me how to overcome my defects.
C. She turned me into a person who loves reading.
D. She encouraged me not to hide my love of reading.
43. The author formed a close relationship with Mrs. Caffiere because ________.
A. Mrs. Caffiere encouraged him to write biographies
B. Mrs. Caffiere protected him and inspired him to read
C. he was never rushed into anything by Mrs. Caffiere
D. he listened carefully to Mrs. Caffiere during conversation
44. What do we know from the passage about Mrs. Caffiere
A. Her own experience inspired students to overcome their defects.
B. Her elegance and dedication made her popular among students.
C. She saved the author from losing interest and confidence in learning.
D. She helped the author to hide the fact that he had learning disability.
45. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An interview. B. A book review.
C. A news report. D. An autobiography.
C
Pretty soon not even your dreams may be private anymore. Japanese scientists have learned how to interpret what you’re dreaming about by measuring your brain activity while you sleep. This data can then be connected to an algorithm that reconstructs your dream so that it can be played back for you when you’re awake, according to the journal Science. In other words, scientists have invented a sort of dream-reading machine. Before long, you may never have to worry about forgetting what you dreamed about ever again. You’ll be able to simply play your dreams back after you wake up in the morning.
The remarkable breakthrough makes use of a fairly straightforward idea: that when we visualize certain types of objects in our minds, our brains generate consistent neural patterns that can then be correlated with what is being visualized. For instance, when you imagine a chair, your brain fires in a pattern that occurs whenever a chair is visualized. An algorithm can then be used to tie the data from a brain scan to the appropriate correlated images. In this way your dream can be reconstructed. So far the research is still fairly basic—researchers only claim to get the dream right about 60 percent of the time—but it’s still an extraordinary turn for the science of the mind.
Here’s how the study worked. Subjects were first asked to hook themselves up to an electroencephalography (EEG) machine, then to fall asleep within an fMRI machine. Scientists used the EEG readings to identify when the subjects began to enter a dreaming phase. The subjects were then promptly woken up and asked to recall what they were dreaming about. This process was repeated nearly 200 times for each subject.
Later, the scientists processed this data and discovered that certain common types of objects from the subjects’ dreams could be correlated with brain patterns as recorded by the fMRI scans. They then used an Internet search engine to look for images that roughly matched the objects from the subjects’ dreams, and entered all of this information into a learning algorithm that improved the model even further. That algorithm was then able to use the data from the dreamers, fMRI scans to assemble videos from the Internet images, basically creating a primitive movie for each dream.
Again, the research is still in a basic phase. So far these videos only represent rough approximations of the images from the subjects’ dreams, but researchers claim that the machined predictions were still better than chance. Over time, the technology will improve as the algorithm learns. The research could eventually revolutionize how dreams are interpreted and understood. Scientists may even find out valuable clues about what the mysterious function of dreaming is in the first place.
46. Which of the following statements is true about dream-reading machine
A. It can make your dream come true. B. It can rebuild your dream while you sleep.
C. It can help you remember your dream. D. It can record your dream when you are awake.
47. What does the author mainly want to tell us in paragraph 2
A. How our dream can be rebuilt during sleep. B. Patterns generated in our brain can be visualized.
C. Images can be visualized in our minds. D. The data from a brain scan can build images.
48. What does the underlined word “subjects” refer to in paragraph 3
A. Main feature of a talk in the research. B. People who were tested in an experiment.
C. Topics which happened in a conversation. D. Courses that were studied in the process.
49. In the experiment, the scientists used a learning algorithm to ________.
A. analyze how our brains generate consistent neural patterns
B. discover when the subjects began to enter a dreaming phase
C. visualize the common types of objects from the subjects’ dreams
D. make the images matching the objects from dreams into videos
50. What’s the author’s attitude towards the machine’s predictions
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Optimistic. D. Tolerant.
D
The Hidden Dangers of Automatic-paying Apps
To get a sense of how spending in my generation is different from that of my parents’, just consider one simple transaction: a utility bill. When my parents paid their utility bill, they had to take out their checkbook, put pen to paper, write a check, and then record it in their checkbook. If they did not know how much their utility bill was, they had to be purposefully ignorant.
My utility bill is paid automatically from my banking app. For me to know how much my utility bill is, I have to be purposefully diligent. And the truth is, I’m not in most cases.
Of course, I’m not just talking about utility bills here. As with most millennials, technology has simplified the payment of bills to such an extent that we tend to take it for granted and hardly have to think about it anymore. And that is the problem: By streamlining our personal finances, technology has also made it so much easier to ignore the costs. However, in doing so, it has broken the connection between the things we buy and the cost of having them. And it is precisely that connection that keeps our financial lives on track— making sure that we save enough and spend our money on the things that really matter.
The question now is: How do we get that connection back, without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us
The good news is that whatever is given can be taken back. Much of the battle is simply to recognize what we have lost. After all, we do not miss what we do not know we are missing. The first thing is thus to be aware of how much we are spending by using personal-finance apps.
These apps can categorize purchases and send you a spending report. They can detect—and warn you—if a repeated payment is going to get you in trouble. And they can send you a notification when each automatic payment is being made. These real-time tools, used together, are probably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning.
The fact, however, is that all of these tools require the user to make a conscious effort to sign up for these services, and to actually use them. And that is where the “stop me before I do something foolish” process must begin. If we millennials want to be smart about our money, it seems to me we have no choice: We need to bridge that gap between what we spend and how we pay. We need to feel the connection between the value of our purchases and the effort it takes to make them.
51. The example mentioned in the first two paragraphs suggests that ________.
A. spending habits vary from generation to generation
B. banking apps have quickly developed in recent years
C. the younger generation are much lazier than their parents
D. the payment process has greatly changed over the past decades
52 What can we infer from the question in paragraph 4
A. Automatic payment is so convenient that we cannot live without it.
B. Problems coming from automatic payment accompany its convenience.
C. We enjoy the benefits technology brings us at the cost of our safety.
D. People must have second thoughts before we make payments online.
53. The underlined word “streamlining” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. get...handled B. leaving...exposed
C. keeping...safe D. making...efficient
54. According to the article, which of the following best describes the financial problems most millennials are facing today
A. Out of sight, out of mind. B. The devil is in the details.
C. Rome wasn’t built in a day. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.
55. According to the author, millennials will be able to take back control over their personal finances by ________.
A. stopping the use of automatic-paying apps
B. setting aside a regular time to pay their bills
C. making the best use of personal-finance apps
D. thinking twice before making expensive purchases
天津市和平区2020-2021学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As the coronavirus pandemic has interrupted holiday events, some parks have not been allowed to open. A surprising number of parks, however, will be open to celebrate the holidays with twinkling-lights-filled special events.
Be aware that because of limited capacity to accommodate social distancing, most parks require visitors to make reservations. It goes without saying that in these uncertain times events may change with evolving conditions, so check with the parks for the latest details.
Smoky Mountain Christmas at Dollywood in Tennessee
When：Select days through Jan.3
Details：/themepark/festivals
More than 5 million lights illuminate（照亮）nearly every building and tree through-out Dolly Parton’s park in the foothills of the Smoky Mountains. And as you might expect, Dollywood features lots of holiday-themed shows and performances. The highlight is“Christmas in the Smokies”, an impressive production that is a tradition at the park. It is being presented indoors at Dolly Parton’s Celebrity Theater, although groups are being seated separately, and the audience capacity is reduced by about 50%. “Everybody needs a little light this Christmas,” says Pete Owens, VP of marketing and public relations.
Christmas Town at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay in Florida and Christmas Celebration at Busch Gardens Williamsburg in Virginia
·Florida：Friday to Jan.3
·Details：/tampa/events
·Virginia：Select dates through Jan.3
·Details：/williamsburg/events
The two Busch Gardens parks will be covered by lights and trimmed trees, and traditional Christmas songs will fill the air. Items served at the Williamsburg park will include a turkey dinner with all the fixings along with ginger cake for a treat. At the Tampa park, fireworks will light the sky, and the annual ice skating production,“Christmas on Ice,”will move to an outdoor theater.
“There’s nothing like a train ride for Christmas,”says Neal Thurman, president of the Florida park.“Guests will enjoy the Holly Jolly Express as well as our returning shows,’Three Kings Journey’ and ‘ Elmo’s Christmas Wish.’”
Holidays at Legoland Florida and Legoland California
·Florida：Select dates Nov.27-Dec.31
·Details：/florida
·California：Select dates Friday to Jan.10
·Details：/california
A sleigh（雪橇）with reindeer and a 30-foot-tall Christmas tree made of Lego blocks will be on display at the Florida park，along with special shows, meet-ups（from a distance）with holiday characters and fireworks. Lego-land California won’t be offering its rides and attractions but will feature holiday-themed outdoor dining and shopping as well as live music.
36. What should visitors do in advance to enter most parks
A. They must make a reservation first.
B. They should restrict their visiting hours.
C. They must make sure they keep social distancing.
D. They should check with the parks for the latest details.
37. What do we know from paragraph 3
A. It is thought essential to give people hope during this tough time.
B. “Christmas in the Smokies” is not always shown in Dolly Parton’s park.
C. People prefer performances related to holiday themes.
D. The number of visitors to the park is reduced by half.
38. Visitors who want to watch fireworks can visit ______ for more details.
A. /california or /themepark/festivals
B. /florida or /tampa/events
C. /themepark/festivals or /California
D. /williamsburg/events or /themepark/festivals
39. What can visitors do to enjoy their time in Legoland
A. They can shake hands with holiday characters.
B They can ride a sleigh with reindeers.
C. They can play with Lego blocks.
D. They can enjoy live music.
40. Which of the following themes is the passage probably related
A What to know about coronavirus.
B. When to celebrate Christmas.
C. Where to relax yourselves.
D. How to make your kids happy.
B
CPR（cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术）and first aid are related topics. It could be said that first aid is the more general of the two, and training in first aid might include instructions and practice on how to respond to a variety of medical emergencies that could be posing threat to life or to a part of a person’s body. One such medical emergency could be cessation（停止）of breathing or heartbeat, and the appropriate response, in this case, might be to perform CPR. Thus, CPR can be seen as a type of first-aid response.
There can be differences in the amount of first-aid training people learn, and courses can sometimes be broken down into emergency and standard training. Standard training is actually the more extensive of the two, and would include teaching and learning how to handle a variety of medical situations like bites from insects or animals, broken bones, poisoning, childbirth, and care of wounds. Emergency first aid tends to be limited to the teaching of CPR, how to handle choking emergencies, and instruction on wound care for heavy bleeding.
CPR and first aid may be taught together or are sometimes taken as separate courses. People may need a whole day of practice or longer before getting CPR certification, which should be obtained from recognized agencies like the Red Cross. The big difference between CPR and first aid, in terms of taking classes, is that CPR focuses only on learning to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation and recognize those circumstances as soon as possible in which it should be performed; while first-aid classes may teach this too, but they will teach in the broader context of how people need to respond to lots of different injuries or illness.
The issue of CPR and first aid may get confusing when people are asked to get training in one or both of these. Some people may be asked to take a first-aid course and have CPR training. Those who need more extensive training in standard first aid certainly won’t satisfy this need by only taking a CPR course. Those confused about what training they need should get this issue clear with the person（usually an employer）requesting the training.
Being able to respond first in a medical emergency usually means needing to know CPR, but other knowledge could be just as essential. For instance, how to stop uncontrollable bleeding or how to handle an episode of anaphylactic shock（过敏性休克）could be vital too.
41. What is the purpose of performing CPR
A. To be qualified as a first-aid trainer.
B. To gain practical knowledge of first aid.
C. To deal with all the medical emergencies.
D. To make a person’s heart start beating again.
42. What can we learn from Paragraph2
A. CPR works faster when someone breaks his leg.
B. Standard training deals with more medical cases.
C. Emergency first aid is more useful than CPR.
D. CPR includes most courses of emergency training.
43. When can people get the chance to obtain CPR certification
A. After finishing the CPR training.
B. After saving someone with CPR.
C. When practicing a whole day in Red Cross.
D. When getting instructions from recognized agencies.
44. What do we know about first-aid classes according to the text
A. They are often given in one day.
B. CPR training might be included.
C. They are intended for professionals.
D. They focus on less urgent medical problems.
45. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. How can you receive first-aid training
B. What can you usually learn in a first aid class
C. What is the difference between CPR and first aid
D. Why is CPR the most important first aid response
C
As a kid, Enrique Olvera spent hours in his grandmother’s bakery in Mexico City. He loved watching everyday ingredients（原料）like flour, sugar and eggs mix into something entirely different. For Olvera, even the simple act of baking a cake felt like magic. He absorbed every detail as his grandmother was cooking. On Sundays, he joined his father in the kitchen, chopping onions and tomatoes for breakfasts of scrambled eggs and dry beef.
These advantages drive Olvera’s new cookbook, Tu Casa Mi Casa：Mexican Recipes for the Home Cook. But Olvera, the chef behind Mexico City’s Pujol, one of the world’s top restaurants, almost turned away from a career in the kitchen.
Despite the draw of the family bakery, Olvera’s father didn’t want his son to spend too much time there. He wanted Enrique to go to college and get a degree. Olvera made a compromise with his dad. He found a cooking program that offered a bachelor’s degree---at the Cooking Institute of America---and left Mexico for New York.
In New York, Olvera buried himself in the curriculum（全部课程）at the top cooking school. Like most training grounds for professional chefs, Olvera’s lessons were stuck in the cooking of Europe. For example, he dutifully learned to spot the edges of his dishes with little dots of sauce--drawing on the traditions of France, not Mexico. “Mexican food doesn’t respond to any of that,” he says. “So if you see how we cook，we don’t saute（快炒），we’re burning things down, we’re using the stems（茎）.The only thing that you can apply to Mexican technique is the passion for the craft. But the techniques are entirely different.”
At 24, Olvera returned to Mexico City---and opened Pujol. Olvera’s flagship has repeatedly made lists of the best restaurants in the world ---its success built on the techniques he learned as a kid in his grandma’s bakery and his parents’ kitchen. With Pujol’s success, Olvera went on to open four more restaurants in Mexico and two in New York. Now, he’s getting ready to roll out two more---this time, in Los Angeles.
46. What do we know from the first paragraph
A. Enrique Olvera enjoyed cooking in his childhood.
B. Enrique Olvera was obsessed with homemade food.
C. The great variety of ingredients drove Enrique Olvera crazy.
D. The secret family recipe was passed down to Enrique Olvera.
47. The author wrote the third paragraph to ______.
A. inform the great achievement of Olvera.
B. tell about the world-known restaurant Pujol.
C. introduce the barrier for Olvera to overcome.
D. show the benefit of Olvera’s home environment.
48 What can we learn about Olvera from Paragraph 4
A. He was attracted by French cooking traditions.
B. He eagerly absorbed European cooking techniques.
C. He combined European and Mexican cooking ways.
D. He had a different opinion of spotting dishes with decorations.
49. What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Launch. B. Provide. C. Reserve. D. Improve.
50. The passage is probably taken from ______.
A. an advertisement B. a cookbook C. a science book D. a magazine
D
In 2016, the world’s population cast aside 49 million tons of electronic waste, known as e-waste. It has been calculated that this number will grow to more than 60 million tons by 2021.
What is causing the upsurge（激增）in e-waste Technology is becoming more and more widespread, covering almost every aspect of our lives. Meanwhile, the lifespan of devices is getting shorter-many products will be thrown away once their batteries die, to be replaced by new panies intentionally plan the obsolescence（过时）of their goods by updating the design or software and discontinuing support for older models, so that now it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one. Since prices are falling, electronic devices are in demand around the world.
As more people buy electronic equipment，manufacturers（制造商）are beginning to face shortages of the raw materials needed to make their products, so recycling and reusing materials from discarded（扔掉的）products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.
Recycling e-waste is practiced both formally and informally. Proper or formal e-waste recycling usually involves taking apart the electronics, separating and sorting through the materials and cleaning panies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental hazards of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies. All this makes formal recycling expensive. Informal recycling is typically unlicensed and uncontrolled. At informal recycling workshops, men and women recover valuable materials by burning devices to melt away non-valuable materials. Usually they do not wear protective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerous materials.
With the amount of e-waste growing around the world, recycling alone will not be enough to solve the problem. In order to reduce e-waste, manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer, and more durable, repairable and recyclable. The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it. Try to get your old product repaired if possible and, if it can’t be fixed, resell or recycle it responsibly. Before you recycle your device, put any broken parts in separate containers and close these tightly to prevent chemicals from leaking. Wear latex gloves and a mask if you’ re handling something that’s broken.
51. Which of the following is the reason for e-waste’s increasing sharply
A. The results of updating devices.
B. The methods of recycling e-waste.
C. The causes of devices’ price dropping.
D. The shortages of protective equipment.
52. What makes recycling e-waste meaningful according to the text
A. To increase the variety of electronic products.
B. To lower the costs of technology innovation.
C. To relieve the lack of raw materials.
D. To improve the poor quality of e-devices.
53. What is the meaning of the underlined word “hazards” in Paragraph 4
A. Influence. B. Harm. C. Limits. D. Costs.
54. What can we know about informal recycling workshops from Paragraph 4
A. Their ways of reusing waste are encouraged largely.
B. They are blamed for generating all the dangerous chemicals.
C. They aim to discover rare materials from waste for new products.
D. Their workers are unaware of the danger from dealing with devices.
55. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph
A. Everyone should take action to reduce e-waste.
B. Companies should be mainly responsible for reducing e-waste.
C. Fixing a device could cause more pollution than buying a new one.
D. E-waste could be broken down by burying it underground for a long time.
天津市和平区2019-2020学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第三部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Active Challenge
Weight loss camp for girls aged 13-18 in Canada
Active Challenge is a weight loss program specially for young women. The burden of being overweight is heavier than just the extra pounds. We use outdoor adventures to challenge the girls, to give them something to draw strength from.
Because you’ll be losing weight alongside young women just like you, you’ll find no one laughing at you and you’ll help each other. At Active Challenge you’ll make lifelong friends with young women of your own age and learn to love new adventurous activities.
Unlike any other weight loss program, Active Challenge is designed so you’ll lose weight and have the strategies (策略) and skills to keep the weight off forever. Active Challenge does not put you on a diet. We follow the Canada Food Guide to healthy eating and exercise appropriate portion (一份) control. We help you develop healthy habits.
The staff at Active Challenge combine experienced outdoor adventure professionals with highly qualified clinicians. All of us are absolutely devoted to helping you achieve lasting behavioral change and weight loss. Most of all, we are devoted to having a great time doing it.
Pre-Camp: Upon registration (注册) in Active Challenge, a registration package will be
sent out to you with forms to be completed before camping as well as program preparation materials, an introduction to Active Challenge and pre-program personal challenging assignments (任务) to get you on your way toward a healthier self.
Post-Camp: Our post program is designed to keep you focused and remind you of the goals that you set during the camp. After the camp ends we will send you home with your personal meal and exercise plan and keep in touch with you for a full three months through letters, emails and phone calls, tracking your progress and giving you strategies and support.
36. Outdoor adventurous activities are held for girls _____.
A. to follow a good diet
B. to lose weight quickly
C. to build up their health
D. to make them stronger
37. How will girls feel about the atmosphere at Active Challenge
A. Lonely but safe.
B Cold but exciting.
C. Friendly and supportive.
D. Competitive and challenging.
38. After registration, girls_____.
A. should go to buy the program preparation materials
B. will be informed how to get prepared for the program
C. should learn some skills and strategies to lose weight
D. will have to finish some challenging assignments at home
39. The post-camp help will last_____.
A until the end of November
B. until the beginning of the next year
C. until girls achieve success in their lives
D. until girls can keep their weight off forever
40 What is the main purpose of the text
A. To explain why Active Challenge is popular.
B. To share skills and strategies of losing weight.
C. To show how important losing weight is.
D. To invite girls to join in Active Challenge.
B
The killdeer, a small bird known for its high-pitched ( 声调高的) call, could lead to the cancellation of one of Canada’ biggest music festivals.
The first hint of trouble for Ottawa’s Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds.
It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. “This is one of the most challenging problems we’ve been presented with, but we feel we can work through this,” said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival.
“Anything that changes the schedule has a major effect, so we’re taking it very seriously.” The discovery meant that government officials rushed to protect the nest and the eggs, hiring a security guard to watch over them 24 hours a day. Environmentalists were also brought in.
“We don’t know when the eggs might hatch” said Monahan. What is known is that the young killdeer will likely leave the nest soon after they are hatched, leading many to hope that the eggs hatch in the next day or so.
The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center.
Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festival’s 11-day run, said Monahan. It’s highly likely that the festival’s thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs.
Monahan was confident that the festival would go on as planned, however.
“Most of the people we’re working with are looking for a positive solution,” Monahan said. “There is no one saying that the festival can’t go on.”
As news of the dilemma spread, it left residents divided. Some supported the bird, saying that moving the nest might result in the eggs being abandoned.
Others expressed annoyance that protecting the eggs of the small bird, which is widespread across North America, was risking an annual festival that contributes millions of dollars to the local economy.
The killdeer’s tendency to build its nest in open fields or flat areas has caused issues in other areas of the US: earlier this year, construction on a health center in Wisconsin was temporarily stopped after a killdeer and its four eggs were discovered.
41. What can we learn about Bluesfest
A. It is the first music festival in Canada.
B. It is an important event for music lovers.
C. It is a music festival held every two years.
D. It is a challenging outdoor activity in Ottawa.
42. What was especially challenging for Bluesfest this year
A. Pressure from the government.
B. Disagreements with the public.
C. The need to protect the bird’s eggs.
D. The lack of experience in hosting the event.
43. How did the festival plan to deal with the problem
A. Move the nest to another place.
B. Ask government officials for help.
C. Seek advice from environmentalists.
D. Hire security guards to protect the eggs.
44. What was Monahan’s attitude toward hosting the festival
A. Negative. B. Positive.
C. Unsure. D. Indifferent.
45. The underlined word “dilemma” is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A. a difficult situation
B. an extreme situation
C. a dangerous situation
D. an encouraging situation
C
Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.
Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious, and wrong, decision on climate change this world has seen.”
Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years’ time and send people to Mars by 2025.”
According to BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal, to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “a new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics and cosmology.”
Hawking also revealed his vision for other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained, at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation, and decimation (大量毁灭) of animal species. We can be ignorant, unthinking lot (人).”
The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed, we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (起点) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.
46. According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space
A. To build a lunar base.
B. To send people to Mars.
C. To send astronauts to the Moon.
D. To change the future of humanity.
47. What does the underlined phrase “a single goal” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. Spreading out into space.
B. Facing the common challenge of humans.
C. Stimulating young people’s interest in other areas.
D. Motivating the younger generation to explore space.
48. The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “ _____ ”.
A. speeded up B. stored
C. used up D. explored
49. What is Hawking’s attitude towards the Earth’s future
A. Worried. B. Confused.
C. Positive. D. Indifferent.
50. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A. To warn the audience that humans are in danger.
B. To predict what will happen to the earth in future.
C. To stress that humans are entering a new space age.
D. To encourage the audience to move to other planets.
51. The reason why humans must leave earth soon is that .
A. the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger
B. a new and ambitious space program would excite young people
C. astronauts have found a better world in the space than the Earth
D. humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet
D
Smartphones are our constant companions. For many of us, their glowing screens are a ubiquitous (十分普遍的) presence, drawing us in with endless distractions. They are in our hands as soon as we wake, and command our attention until the final moments before we fall asleep.
Steve Jobs would not approve.
In 2007, Jobs took the stage and introduced the world to the iPhone. If you watch the full speech, you will be surprised by how he imagined our relationship should be with this iconic invention. This vision is so different from the way most of us use these devices now.
In his remarks, Jobs spent an extended amount of time demonstrating how the device utilized (应用) the touch screen before detailing the many ways Apple engineers had improved the age-old process of making phone calls. It’s the best iPod we’ve ever made,” Jobs exclaimed at one point. “The killer app is making calls,” he later added. Both lines drew thunderous applause.
The presentation confirms that Jobs imagined a simpler iPhone experience than the one we actually have more than a decade later. For example, there was no App Store when the iPhone was first introduced, and this was by design. Jobs was convinced that the phone’s carefully-designed native features were enough. He did not seek to completely change the rhythm of users’ daily lives. He simply wanted to take experiences we had already found important－listening to music, placing calls, generating directions－and make them better.
The minimalist (简约主义者) vision for the iPhone Jobs offered in 2007 is unrecognizable today－and that is a shame.
Under what I call the “constant companion model,” we now see our smartphones as always-on portals (通道) to information. We have become so used to it over the past decade that it is easy to forget the novelty (新奇之处) of the device. It seems increasingly clear to me that Jobs probably got it right from the very beginning: Many of us would be better-off returning to his original minimalist vision for our phones.
Practically speaking, to be a minimalist smartphone user means only using your device for a small number of features that do things of value to you. Otherwise, you simply put it away outside of these activities. This approach dethrones (废黜) this device from the position of a constant companion down to a luxury object, such as a fancy bike, that gives you great pleasure when you use it but does not dominate your entire day.
Early in his 2007 keynote, Jobs said, “Today, Apple is going to reinvent the phone.” What he didn’t add, however, was the follow-up promise: “Tomorrow we’re going to reinvent your life.” The smartphone is fantastic, but it was never meant to be the foundation for a new form of existence.
If you return this innovation to its original role, you will get more out of both your phone and your life.
52. The underlined word “it” in the last but two paragraphs probably refers to .
A. information B. the smartphone
C. the always-on portal D. the constant companion model
53. According to Steve Jobs, what was the main selling point of Apple’s first iPhone
A. It allowed the users to have access to the internet.
B. It was actually an iPod that could make phone calls.
C. It was installed with applications by third-party developers.
D. It could fulfill people’s desire to multitask in their daily lives.
54. According to the article, a minimalist smartphone user tends to .
A. expect to reinvent his life with the device
B. buy the latest model of iPhone and see it as a luxury
C. remove all the unnecessary applications from the device
D. spend more time working than playing with his device
55. The author’s purpose in writing the article is to .
A. tell readers why Steve Job created the iPhone
B. remind readers not to be addicted to their smartphones
C. show readers that smartphones can greatly change our lives
D. encourage readers to block internet access on their smartphones
答案：
天津市和平区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个带有虚拟旅游的博物馆。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Home to the world’s second largest private collection of art, it owns famous works from almost every art movement.（它是世界上第二大的艺术私人收藏的家，拥有着来自几乎每个艺术活动的著名的作品）”可知，在The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bomemisza博物馆可以获得艺术活动相关的知识。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This experience takes visitors through six floors of modern and contemporary art from Korea and around the world.（这次体验能让游客在六层的博物馆里欣赏到来自韩国以及全世界的现代和当代艺术）”可知，MMCA博物馆主要展示现代和当代艺术。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The Anne Frank House, set up in 1957 in Amsterdam, tries to inform the public through educational programs and tours of the building where Anne and her family hid during World War II.（建于1957年的Anne Frank House，想通过教育节目和在此的旅行，让公众知道在二战时，Anne和她的家人所隐藏的地方。）”可知，Anne Frank House主要是讲述二战受害者Anne的故事。故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Virtual visitors can tour seven different sections of the complex, enjoying 360-degree views of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps best known for Michelangelo’s ceiling and Last Judgment fresco (壁画).（虚拟游客可以从360度参观西斯廷教堂，以Michelangelo的天花板和Last Judgment的壁画出名的教堂。）”可知，游客在The Vatican Museums可以欣赏到Michelangelo的作品。故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The following is a list of museums that have new ways to develop creativity and spread knowledge.（以下是几处博物馆的介绍，这些博物馆有新的方式来培养创造力和传播知识）”可知，作者写这篇文章目的在于介绍这几个博物馆。再根据每个博物馆的“virtual (虚拟的）”可知，这几个博物馆都带有虚拟旅行。故选A。
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者生命中对他影响很大的一位老师Mrs. Caffiere，老师呵护了他的喜好，使他可以继续做一个读很多书的，邋遢的，书呆子男孩。这位老师也影响了作者一生。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I was a fourth grader. I was desperately trying to go unnoticed,（我是四年级，我极力地让自己不被注意到）”可知，当作者四年级的时候，努力逃离其他人的注意力，故选A。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“And I was trying to hide the fact that I liked to read—something that was cool for girls but not for boys.（我努力隐藏我爱看书的事实，因为爱看书是女孩子做的事情，而非男孩子）”可知，此处She pulled me out of my shell指的是老师让我大胆承认爱看书的事实，故选D。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Mrs. Caffiere took me under her wing and helped make it okay for me to be a messy, nerdy boy who was reading lots of books.（Mrs. Caffiere保护着我，并让我觉得邋遢的书呆子也是可以读很多书的）”可知，作者和老师成为好朋友是因为老师鼓励他并保护着他。故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Looking back on it now, there’s no question that my time with Mrs. Caffiere helped spark my interest in libraries and my focus on helping every child in America get the benefit of great teachers.（现在回想起来，毫无疑问的是，和Mrs. Caffiere在一起的时间激起了我对阅读的兴趣，并让我一直专注于帮助美国的孩子）”可知，Mrs. Caffiere让作者燃起了对阅读的兴趣和信心，故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，本篇讲的是作者在Mrs. Caffiere的影响下，从一个隐藏自己爱看书的爱好的邋遢书呆子，成为了一个自信的，勇敢的阅读爱好者，故文章出处应该来自自传。故选D。
【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们发明了一种读梦机，可以帮助人们记住自己的梦。文章介绍了其背后的工作原理以及研究开展的过程和作者对此的看法。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In other words, scientists have invented a sort of dream-reading machine. Before long, you may never have to worry about forgetting what you dreamed about ever again. You’ll be able to simply play your dreams back after you wake up in the morning.(换句话说，科学家们发明了一种读梦机。用不了多久，你可能再也不用担心忘记你的梦了。你可以在早上醒来后简单地回放你的梦境)”可知，C选项“它可以帮助你记住你的梦”正确。故选C。
【47题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The remarkable breakthrough makes use of a fairly straightforward idea: that when we visualize certain types of objects in our minds, our brains generate consistent neural patterns that can then be correlated with what is being visualized. For instance, when you imagine a chair, your brain fires in a pattern that occurs whenever a chair is visualized. An algorithm can then be used to tie the data from a brain scan to the appropriate correlated images. In this way your dream can be reconstructed. So far the research is still fairly basic—researchers only claim to get the dream right about 60 percent of the time—but it’s still an extraordinary turn for the science of the mind.(这一非凡的突破利用了一个相当直接的想法：当我们在脑海中想象特定类型的物体时，我们的大脑会产生一致的神经模式，然后与被想象的物体相关联。例如，当你想象一把椅子时，你的大脑会以一种每当你想象一把椅子时就会出现的模式激活。然后可以使用一种算法将脑部扫描的数据与相应的相关图像联系起来。这样，你的梦就可以重建了。到目前为止，这项研究仍然是相当基础的——研究人员只声称在60%的时间里做梦是正确的——但这对于心智科学来说仍然是一个非凡的转折)”可知，第二段主要想告诉我们梦是如何在睡眠中重建的。故选A。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Here’s how the study worked.”以及后文“were first asked to hook themselves up to an electroencephalography (EEG) machine, then to fall asleep within an fMRI machine. Scientists used the EEG readings to identify when the subjects began to enter a dreaming phase. The subjects were then promptly woken up and asked to recall what they were dreaming about. This process was repeated nearly 200 times for each subject.”可知，本段主要是在介绍这项研究是如何进行的。在实验中被测试的人首先被要求连接到脑电图机器上，然后在功能磁共振成像机器中入睡。科学家利用脑电图读数来确定受试者何时开始进入做梦阶段。然后这些受试者被立即叫醒，并被要求回忆他们所做的梦。这一过程在每个受试者身上重复了近200次。划线词指的是“在实验中被测试的人”。故选B。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That algorithm was then able to use the data from the dreamers, fMRI scans to assemble videos from the Internet images, basically creating a primitive movie for each dream.(然后，该算法能够使用做梦者的数据，功能磁共振成像扫描将互联网图像中的视频组合起来，基本上为每个梦创建一个原始的电影)”可知，在实验中，科学家们使用了一种学习算法，将与梦中的物体相匹配的图像变成了视频。故选D。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The research could eventually revolutionize how dreams are interpreted and understood. Scientists may even find out valuable clues about what the mysterious function of dreaming is in the first place.(这项研究可能最终会彻底改变人们对梦的解释和理解。科学家们甚至可能首先找到关于梦的神秘功能的有价值的线索)”可推知，作者对机器的预测持乐观态度。故选C。
【答案】51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了自动支付应用软件潜在的危险，指出科技简化了账单的支付，导致大多数千禧一代容易忽视支出，忽略了购买的东西和成本之间的联系。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“To get a sense of how spending in my generation is different from that of my parents’, just consider one simple transaction: a utility bill. When my parents paid their utility bill, they had to take out their checkbook, put pen to paper, write a check, and then record it in their checkbook. If they did not know how much their utility bill was, they had to be purposefully ignorant.(想要了解我们这代人和我父母这代人在消费上有什么不同，只需考虑一项简单的交易: 水电气账单。当我的父母支付他们的水电费时，他们必须拿出他们的支票簿，把笔放在纸上，写一张支票，然后记录在他们的支票簿上。如果他们不知道他们的水电费是多少，他们一定是故意不知道)”以及第二段“My utility bill is paid automatically from my banking app. For me to know how much my utility bill is, I have to be purposefully diligent. And the truth is, I’m not in most cases.(我的水电费是通过我的银行应用自动支付的。为了知道我的水电费是多少，我必须有意识地勤奋。事实是，大多数情况下我都不是)”可推知，前两段中提到的例子表明，在过去的几十年里，支付流程已经发生了巨大的变化。故选D。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The question now is: How do we get that connection back, without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us (现在的问题是：我们如何在不放弃科技给我们带来的便利的情况下，找回这种联系？)”可推知，自动支付带来的问题伴随着它的便利。故选B。
【53题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with most millennials, technology has simplified the payment of bills to such an extent that we tend to take it for granted and hardly have to think about it anymore.”可知，和大多数千禧一代一样，科技已经简化了账单的支付，以至于我们倾向于认为这是理所当然的，几乎不需要再去想它，可知现代技术使得我们处理个人财务更有效率了，划线词意思是“使……有效率”。A. get...handled得到处理；B. leaving...exposed露出；C. keeping...safe保证安全；D. making...efficient使……高效安全。故选D。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Of course, I’m not just talking about utility bills here. As with most millennials, technology has simplified the payment of bills to such an extent that we tend to take it for granted and hardly have to think about it anymore. And that is the problem: By streamlining our personal finances, technology has also made it so much easier to ignore the costs. However, in doing so, it has broken the connection between the things we buy and the cost of having them. (当然，我这里说的不仅仅是水电费。和大多数千禧一代一样，科技已经简化了账单的支付，以至于我们倾向于认为这是理所当然的，几乎不需要再去想它。这就是问题所在：通过简化我们的个人财务，技术也让我们更容易忽视成本。然而，在这样做的过程中，它打破了我们购买的东西和拥有它们的成本之间的联系)”可推知，能描述当今大多数千禧一代所面临的财务问题是“眼不见，心不烦”。故选A。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“These apps can categorize purchases and send you a spending report. They can detect—and warn you—if a repeated payment is going to get you in trouble. And they can send you a notification when each automatic payment is being made. These real-time tools, used together, are probably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning. (这些应用程序可以对购买进行分类，并发送一份支出报告给你。 他们可以发现——并警告你——如果重复支付会让你陷入麻烦。每次进行自动付款时，他们都会给你发送通知。这些实时工具一起使用，可能比在周六早上平衡支票簿更好)”可知，作者认为，千禧一代将能够通过充分利用个人理财应用程序，重新掌控自己的个人财务。故选C。
天津市和平区2020-2021学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】36. A 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。广告介绍了在新冠肺炎流行时期，在美国一些公园将举行圣诞节庆祝活动。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Be aware that because of limited capacity to accommodate social distancing, most parks require visitors to make reservations.”（请注意，由于容纳社会距离的能力有限，大多数公园都要求游客预订。）可知，游人进入大部分公园必须预订。故选A项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Pete Owens 所说“Everybody needs a little light this Christmas”（今年圣诞节，每个人都需要一盏小灯），再结合文章开始所说的在新冠肺炎流行时期可知，在这个艰难的时刻，给人们希望被认为是至关重要的。选项B和D和文章内容不符，选项C文中没有提到。故选A项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“At the Tampa park, fireworks will light the sky, and the annual ice skating production, “Christmas on Ice,” will move to an outdoor theater.”（在Tampa公园，焰火将照亮天空，一年一度的滑冰表演“冰上圣诞”将移师室外剧场举行。）可知，想看烟花的游客可以访问网站/tampa/events了解细节。和最后一段中“A sleigh（雪橇）with reindeer and a 30-foot-tall Christmas tree made of Lego blocks will be on display at the Florida park，along with special shows, meet-ups（from a distance）with holiday characters and fireworks.”（ Florida公园将展出由驯鹿和30英尺高的Lego积木制成的圣诞树，同时还有特别的表演、节日人物和烟花表演(从远处)。）可知，想看烟花的游客还可以访问网站/florida了解细节。故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Lego-land California won’t be offering its rides and attractions but will feature holiday-themed outdoor dining and shopping as well as live music.”（Lego-land California不会提供游乐设施和景点，但将提供节日主题的户外餐饮和购物以及现场音乐。）可知，人们在Lego-land California可以享受现场音乐。而根据最后一段中“A sleigh（雪橇）with reindeer and a 30-foot-tall Christmas tree made of Lego blocks will be on display at the Florida park，along with special shows, meet-ups（from a distance）with holiday characters and fireworks.”（佛罗里达公园将展出由驯鹿和30英尺高的乐高积木制成的圣诞树，同时还有特别的表演、节日人物和烟花表演(从远处)。）可以排除ABC三项。故选D项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“As the coronavirus pandemic has interrupted holiday events, some parks have not been allowed to open. A surprising number of parks, however, will be open to celebrate the holidays with twinkling-lights-filled special events.”（由于冠状病毒大流行打断了节日活动，一些公园被禁止开放。然而，数量惊人的公园将开放，通过灯火辉煌的特殊活动来庆祝节日。）可知，文章介绍了在新冠肺炎流行期间，在美国一些公园将举行圣诞节庆祝活动，并欢迎游客预订，参加活动，了解细节。可知C项“在哪里放松自己”与本文主题有关。故选C项。
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心肺复苏术和急救的区别。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One such medical emergency could be cessation（停止）of breathing or heartbeat, and the appropriate response, in this case, might be to perform CPR.(其中一种医疗紧急情况可能是呼吸或心跳停止，在这种情况下，可能要进行心肺复苏术。)”可知，实施心肺复苏术的目的是让一个人的心脏重新获得跳动。故选D。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Standard training is actually the more extensive of the two, and would include teaching and learning how to handle a variety of medical situations like bites from insects or animals, broken bones, poisoning, childbirth, and care of wounds. (标准培训实际上是两种培训中更广泛的一种，包括教授和学习如何处理各种医疗情况，如被昆虫或动物咬伤、骨折、中毒、分娩和伤口护理。)”可知，标准培训处理更多的医疗案例。故选B。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“People may need a whole day of practice or longer before getting CPR certification, which should be obtained from recognized agencies like the Red Cross. (人们可能需要一整天或更长时间的练习才能获得心肺复苏术证书，这应该从认可的机构如红十字会获得。)”可知，在完成心肺复苏训练后有机会获得心肺复苏术证书。故选A。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thus, CPR can be seen as a type of first-aid response.(因此，CPR可以被视为一种急救反应。)”和第三段“while first-aid classes may teach this too, but they will teach in the broader context of how people need to respond to lots of different injuries or illness. (虽然急救课程也会教授这方面的知识，但它们将在更广泛的背景下教授人们如何应对各种不同的受伤或疾病。)”可知，急救课包括心肺复苏培训在内。故选B。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了心肺复苏术和急救的区别。所以“What is the difference between CPR and first aid ( 心肺复苏术和急救的区别是什么 )”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了恩里克·奥尔维拉在烹饪路上的不懈追求，并在最后有了属于自己的餐厅的故事。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He loved watching everyday ingredients like flour, sugar and eggs mix into something entirely different. For Olvera, even the simple act of baking a cake felt like magic. He absorbed every detail as his grandmother was cooking. （他喜欢看着面粉、糖和鸡蛋等日常食材混合成完全不同的东西。对奥尔维拉来说，即使是简单的烤蛋糕也感觉像变魔术一样。祖母做饭时，他全神贯注地看每一个细节。）”可知，奥尔维拉从小就喜欢烹饪。故选A项。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Despite the draw of the family bakery, Olvera’s father didn’t want his son to spend too much time there.（尽管这家面包店很吸引人，但奥尔维拉的父亲不想让儿子在那里待太久。）”可推测，作者写第三段是为了说明奥尔维拉在烹饪路上遇到的阻碍。故选C项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For example, he dutifully learned to spot the edges of his dishes with little dots of sauce--drawing on the traditions of France, not Mexico. （例如，他尽职地学会了用小点酱汁来区分菜肴的边缘——借鉴法国的传统，而不是墨西哥的传统。）”可知，奥尔维拉对于菜品的装饰有着不同的看法。故选D项。
【49题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线词前句“With Pujol’s success, Olvera went on to open four more restaurants in Mexico and two in New York.（随着Pujol的成功，奥尔维拉在墨西哥又开了四家餐厅，在纽约又开了两家。）”可猜测，奥尔维拉在洛杉矶推出（roll out）2家新的餐厅。“roll out”意思是推出。故选A项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As a kid, Enrique Olvera spent hours in his grandmothe’s bakery in Mexico City.（恩里克·奥尔维拉(Enrique Olvera)还是个孩子的时候，就在墨西哥城他祖母的面包房里待上几个小时。）”可知，本文主要讲述了奥尔维拉的故事，因此文章最有可能会出现在杂志上。故选D项。
【答案】51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了导致电子垃圾的激增的原因和回收电子垃圾的方式，作者呼吁：每个人都应该为电子垃圾的处理贡献一份力。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Meanwhile, the lifespan of devices is getting shorter-many products will be thrown away once their batteries die, to be replaced by new panies intentionally plan the obsolescence（过时）of their goods by updating the design or software and discontinuing support for older models, so that now it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one.（与此同时，设备的寿命也越来越短——许多产品一旦电池耗尽就会被扔掉，被新的设备取代。公司通过更新设计或软件，停止对旧机型的支持，有意识地规划商品的淘汰，这样现在购买新产品通常比修理旧产品更便宜、更容易。）”可知，电子垃圾激增是由设备更新导致的。故选A项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As more people buy electronic equipment，manufacturers are beginning to face shortages of the raw materials needed to make their products, so recycling and reusing materials from discarded products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.（随着越来越多的人购买电子设备，制造商开始面临生产产品所需的原材料短缺，因此从废弃产品和废物中回收和再利用材料具有经济和环境意义。）”可知，为减轻生产原材料短缺的压力，回收和再利用变得有意义。故选C项。
【53题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Companies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental hazards of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies. （公司必须遵守健康和安全规则，通过使用污染控制技术来减少处理电子垃圾对健康和环境的hazards。）”可知，公司通过污染控制技术以减少电子垃圾带来的危害，即划线词意为“危害”，与harm同义。故选B项。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Usually they do not wear protective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerous materials.（通常他们不穿防护装备，也不知道自己在处理危险材料。）”可知，非正式回收的人员一般不知道处理电子垃圾的危害。故选D项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In order to reduce e-waste, manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer, and more durable, repairable and recyclable. The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it. （为了减少电子垃圾，制造商需要设计出更安全、更耐用、更可修复、更可回收的电子产品。你能做的最好的事情就是在你真的需要的时候再买一个新设备。）”可推断，作者在最后一段说明了不管是制造商还是使用者都需要对电子垃圾的处理作出行动。故选A项。
天津市和平区2019-2020学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【36~40题答案】
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一则广告。文章主要介绍了一个专为加拿大年轻女性举办的减肥夏令营，详细描述了夏令营包括的活动，及对年轻女性的帮助。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。结合图框下第一段的最后一句We use outdoor adventures to challenge the girls, to give them something to draw strength from.（我们用户外冒险来挑战女孩们，给她们力量）可知，野外冒险训练使女孩们增强力量。故选D项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。结合文章图框下的第二段中的Because you’ll be losing weight alongside young women just like you, you’ll find no one laughing at you and you’ll help each other. At Active Challenge you’ll make lifelong friends with young women of your own age and learn to love new adventurous activities.可知，在这个减肥训练营中，营员们之间是友好的和相互支持的。由此推知，年轻女性会认为这个夏令营氛围是友好及支持性的。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。结合Pre-camp这一段的细节Upon registration (注册) in Active Challenge, a registration package will be sent out to you with forms to be completed before camping as well as program preparation materials, an introduction to Active Challenge and pre-program personal challenging assignments (任务) to get you on your way toward a healthier self. （一旦你注册了Active Challenge，我们会发给你一个注册包，里面有露营前需要填写的表格和项目准备材料，还有Active Challenge的介绍和项目前的个人挑战作业，让你朝着更健康的自我前进）可知，注册后，女孩将被告知如何准备该项目。故选B项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。结合文章最后一段：After the camp ends we will send you home with your personal meal and exercise plan and keep in touch with you for a full three months through letters, emails and phone calls, tracking your progress and giving you strategies and support.（训练营结束后，我们会把你的个人饮食和锻炼计划送回家，并在整整三个月内通过信件、电子邮件和电话与你保持联系，跟踪你的进展，给你提供策略和支持。）可知，在减肥营结束后的三个月内，组织者们也会继续对参加人员提供支持，再根据开营时间July 2—August 28，可以得出，这个结束的时间就是直到11月底。故选A项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。本篇文章是介绍Active Challenge的一则广告，目的主要是吸引女孩加入。故选D项。
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一种以高音调而闻名的小鸟，有可能导致取消加拿大最大的音乐节之一。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。结合文章第二段中的The first hint of trouble for Ottawa’s Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds.可知，这个节日每年吸引大约30万人来参加。由此可知，对于音乐爱好者而言，这是一个很重要的节日。故选B项
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. “This is one of the most challenging problems we’ve been presented with, but we feel we can work through this,” said Mark Monahan, executive director of t