山东省威海市2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：七选五专题（含答案）
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山东省威海市2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
七选五专题
山东省威海市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we encounter a stressful or frightening situation our heart rate increases, our breath quickens, and our muscles become tense. ____16____ In fact, for most of history, we have assumed that there is a line separating our natural response and our learned behavior. But recent brain research has proved that our brain can change in structure and function throughout our life, depending on our experiences. So would it be possible to train our brain to control our “natural responses,” such as to fear
One of the most surprising ways to control our fear response is bat trainers, for example, use “tactical (战术性) breathing” techniques to prepare FBI agents for crisis situations. ____17____ One version that police officers learn works like this: Breathe in for four counts; hold for four counts; breathe out for four counts; hold for four; start again. How could something so simple be so powerful
The breath is one of the few actions that lie in both our somatic nervous system (which we can consciously control) and our autonomic system (which includes our heartbeat and other actions we cannot easily access). ____18____ By consciously slowing down the breath, we can slow down the natural fear response that otherwise takes over.
____19____ Sara Lazar, an instructor at Harvard Medical School, compared the brain images of meditators (冥想者) with those of nonmeditating people. She found the meditators had 5 percent thicker brain tissue in the parts of the brain that are used during meditation — that is, the parts that handle emotion regulation, attention, and working memory, all of which help control stress.
Such studies suggest that meditators — like deep-breathing police officers — may have found a way for us to evolve past the basic human fear response. ____20____
A. These all happen naturally.
B. But this may not be the case.
C. So the breath is a bridge between the two.
D. How rhythmic breathing can actually change the brain
E. These are basically the same concepts taught in yoga classes.
F. Can we train our brain to better deal with life-threatening situations
G. With training, it may be possible to become better prepared for a life-or-death situation.
山东省威海市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The world is losing monarch butterflies at a striking rate, as kinds of human activities destroy natural habitats. ____36____ Climate change, with its extreme storms, prolonged droughts and warming temperatures, is to destroy the forest that serves as the butterfly’s winter home.
Scientists believe, to help these lovely butterflies, it is necessary to create an ecosystem where the butterflies will be able to survive. They’ve decided to start a monumental project. ____37____
“It’s an idea that may sound crazy,” said Cuauhtemoc Saenz-Romero, a forest geneticist, “but by the end of the century, it may be absolutely needed.”
The butterflies that winter here seek shelter in the oyamel firs. ____38____ The firs protect the butterflies from chilly winter rains and create a microclimate cold enough to keep the butterflies in a state of hibernation but not so cold as to kill them.
____39____ The region is warming at such an accelerated pace that the trees won’t be able to adapt, scientists say, and will need help migrating to areas where the climate is predicted to be suitable for them in future years.
Over the last several years, the team of researchers has overseen the relocation of about 1,000 young fir plants, which were growing at lower altitudes, up to higher—and cooler—elevations. ____40____ They are now establishing the trees at even higher altitudes on other nearby mountains—seeding ecosystems now that monarchs could potentially use later if temperatures continue to rise.
Every winter is witnessing tens of thousands of butterflies in the new forests, some fluttering about and others resting in massive clumps on the firs, their bodies obscuring the branches and trunks.
A. They hope to expand the project.
B. There is still hope to restore the forests.
C. Their dense tops act as an umbrella for the butterflies.
D. But the biggest threat yet has only recently come into focus.
E. They are trying to move an entire forest 1,000 feet up a mountain.
F. Scientists fear that climate change may kill off these firs altogether.
G. The project is believed to protect the butterfly and the natives as well.
山东省威海市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Think “art”. What comes to your mind Is it sculptures in the Louvre, or Chinese painting in the Palace Museum Or maybe, just maybe, it’s a dancing pattern of lights
The artworks by American artist Janet Echelman look like colorful floating clouds when lit up at night. Visitors can not only enjoy looking at them, they can also interact with them - literally.
36 Exhibits such as these are certainly new and exciting, but are they really art
Whatever your opinion, people have been expressing their thoughts through art with various tools and technologies for thousands of years. Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled as “artists” rather than “technicians”. 37
Today, however, technological advances have led to a combination of art and technology. As a result, the art world is changing greatly. 38 Take for example one of China’s most famous paintings, Along the River During the Qingming Festival. As this artwork is rarely on display, people have sometimes queued a long time for a chance to see it. Thanks to technology however, millions more people have been able to experience a digital version of it with 3D animation.
39 Not only can we interact with art, but also take part in its creation. With new technological tools at our fingertips, more and more people have created exciting new art forms, such as digital paintings and videos.
However, such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct. Is the artist the creator of the art itself, or the maker of the technology behind it
40 But one thing is for sure - with so many artists exploring new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
A. Now art is more accessible to us than ever before.
B. Where technology will take art next is anyone’s guess.
C. It’s not important whether they are artists or technicians.
D. They do this by using their phones to change their colors and patterns.
E. They watch as the different scenes change from daylight into nighttime.
F. The art-tech combination is also changing our concepts of “art” and the “artist”.
G. This means that art and technology have always been seen as two very separate things.
参考答案
山东省威海市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16 A 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. G
山东省威海市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. C 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。由于各种人类活动破坏了自然栖息地，世界正以惊人的速度失去帝王蝶，但是最大的威胁直到最近才成为焦点——气候变化，伴随着极端的风暴，持续的干旱和温度的升高，正在摧毁作为蝴蝶冬季家园的森林。文章主要介绍了人类为了保护帝王蝶所做出的一些努力。
【36题详解】
根据上文“The world is losing monarch butterflies at a striking rate, as kinds of human activities destroy natural habitats.(由于各种人类活动破坏了自然栖息地，世界正以惊人的速度失去帝王蝶)”以及后文“Climate change, with its extreme storms, prolonged droughts and warming temperatures, is to destroy the forest that serves as the butterfly’s winter home.(气候变化，伴随着极端的风暴，持续的干旱和温度的升高，正在摧毁作为蝴蝶冬季家园的森林)”可知上文提到了人类活动在导致帝王蝶消失，后文则重点指出了气候变化对蝴蝶的影响，可见本句与上文构成转折，旨在说明对帝王蝶的最大威胁是气候变化。故D选项“但是最大的威胁直到最近才成为焦点”符合语境，下文是对这个威胁的具体说明。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Scientists believe, to help these lovely butterflies, it is necessary to create an ecosystem where the butterflies will be able to survive. They’ve decided to start a monumental project.(科学家认为，为了帮助这些可爱的蝴蝶，有必要创建一个蝴蝶能够生存的生态系统。他们决定开始一项浩大的工程)”可知，上文提到科学家决定开始一项浩大的工程，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一工程是什么：将整片森林移到1000英尺高的山上。E选项中They指代上文Scientists。故E选项“他们试图将整片森林移到1000英尺高的山上”符合语境，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“The butterflies that winter here seek shelter in the oyamel firs.(在这里过冬的蝴蝶在冷杉中寻求庇护)”以及后文“The firs protect the butterflies from chilly winter rains and create a microclimate cold enough to keep the butterflies in a state of hibernation but not so cold as to kill them.(冷杉保护蝴蝶免受寒冷的冬雨的侵袭，并创造了一个足够冷的小气候，使蝴蝶处于冬眠状态，但又不至于冻死它们)”可知，上文提到蝴蝶在冷杉中寻求庇护，后文则提到了冷杉如何保护蝴蝶的，C选项中Their指代上文中the oyamel firs。故C选项“它们浓密的顶部就像蝴蝶的伞”符合语境，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据后文“The region is warming at such an accelerated pace that the trees won’t be able to adapt, scientists say, and will need help migrating to areas where the climate is predicted to be suitable for them in future years.(科学家们说，该地区正在以如此快的速度变暖，这些树木将无法适应，需要帮助它们迁移到未来几年气候预计适合它们的地区)”可知，后文提到科学家指出树木无法适应气候变化，需要帮助它们迁移，可见气候变化可能对冷杉造成消极影响，故F选项“科学家们担心气候变化可能会使这些冷杉全部灭绝”符合语境，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Over the last several years, the team of researchers has overseen the relocation of about 1,000 young fir plants, which were growing at lower altitudes, up to higher—and cooler—elevations.(在过去的几年里，这个研究小组已经监督了大约1000株生长在低海拔地区冷杉幼苗的迁移到生长在更高、更凉爽的海拔地区，)”以及后文“They are now establishing the trees at even higher altitudes on other nearby mountains—seeding ecosystems now that monarchs could potentially use later if temperatures continue to rise. (他们现在正在附近其他海拔更高的山上种植这些树，如果气温继续上升，帝王蝶可能会在以后使用这些树)”可知，上文提到冷杉幼苗在低海拔地区生长，后文则提到研究小组在海拔更高的山上种植这些树，即他们在扩大这些树木的数量，故A选项“他们希望扩大这个项目”符合语境，故选A。
山东省威海市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
36~40 DGAFB
七选五专题
山东省威海市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we encounter a stressful or frightening situation our heart rate increases, our breath quickens, and our muscles become tense. ____16____ In fact, for most of history, we have assumed that there is a line separating our natural response and our learned behavior. But recent brain research has proved that our brain can change in structure and function throughout our life, depending on our experiences. So would it be possible to train our brain to control our “natural responses,” such as to fear
One of the most surprising ways to control our fear response is bat trainers, for example, use “tactical (战术性) breathing” techniques to prepare FBI agents for crisis situations. ____17____ One version that police officers learn works like this: Breathe in for four counts; hold for four counts; breathe out for four counts; hold for four; start again. How could something so simple be so powerful
The breath is one of the few actions that lie in both our somatic nervous system (which we can consciously control) and our autonomic system (which includes our heartbeat and other actions we cannot easily access). ____18____ By consciously slowing down the breath, we can slow down the natural fear response that otherwise takes over.
____19____ Sara Lazar, an instructor at Harvard Medical School, compared the brain images of meditators (冥想者) with those of nonmeditating people. She found the meditators had 5 percent thicker brain tissue in the parts of the brain that are used during meditation — that is, the parts that handle emotion regulation, attention, and working memory, all of which help control stress.
Such studies suggest that meditators — like deep-breathing police officers — may have found a way for us to evolve past the basic human fear response. ____20____
A. These all happen naturally.
B. But this may not be the case.
C. So the breath is a bridge between the two.
D. How rhythmic breathing can actually change the brain
E. These are basically the same concepts taught in yoga classes.
F. Can we train our brain to better deal with life-threatening situations
G. With training, it may be possible to become better prepared for a life-or-death situation.
山东省威海市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The world is losing monarch butterflies at a striking rate, as kinds of human activities destroy natural habitats. ____36____ Climate change, with its extreme storms, prolonged droughts and warming temperatures, is to destroy the forest that serves as the butterfly’s winter home.
Scientists believe, to help these lovely butterflies, it is necessary to create an ecosystem where the butterflies will be able to survive. They’ve decided to start a monumental project. ____37____
“It’s an idea that may sound crazy,” said Cuauhtemoc Saenz-Romero, a forest geneticist, “but by the end of the century, it may be absolutely needed.”
The butterflies that winter here seek shelter in the oyamel firs. ____38____ The firs protect the butterflies from chilly winter rains and create a microclimate cold enough to keep the butterflies in a state of hibernation but not so cold as to kill them.
____39____ The region is warming at such an accelerated pace that the trees won’t be able to adapt, scientists say, and will need help migrating to areas where the climate is predicted to be suitable for them in future years.
Over the last several years, the team of researchers has overseen the relocation of about 1,000 young fir plants, which were growing at lower altitudes, up to higher—and cooler—elevations. ____40____ They are now establishing the trees at even higher altitudes on other nearby mountains—seeding ecosystems now that monarchs could potentially use later if temperatures continue to rise.
Every winter is witnessing tens of thousands of butterflies in the new forests, some fluttering about and others resting in massive clumps on the firs, their bodies obscuring the branches and trunks.
A. They hope to expand the project.
B. There is still hope to restore the forests.
C. Their dense tops act as an umbrella for the butterflies.
D. But the biggest threat yet has only recently come into focus.
E. They are trying to move an entire forest 1,000 feet up a mountain.
F. Scientists fear that climate change may kill off these firs altogether.
G. The project is believed to protect the butterfly and the natives as well.
山东省威海市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Think “art”. What comes to your mind Is it sculptures in the Louvre, or Chinese painting in the Palace Museum Or maybe, just maybe, it’s a dancing pattern of lights
The artworks by American artist Janet Echelman look like colorful floating clouds when lit up at night. Visitors can not only enjoy looking at them, they can also interact with them - literally.
36 Exhibits such as these are certainly new and exciting, but are they really art
Whatever your opinion, people have been expressing their thoughts through art with various tools and technologies for thousands of years. Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled as “artists” rather than “technicians”. 37
Today, however, technological advances have led to a combination of art and technology. As a result, the art world is changing greatly. 38 Take for example one of China’s most famous paintings, Along the River During the Qingming Festival. As this artwork is rarely on display, people have sometimes queued a long time for a chance to see it. Thanks to technology however, millions more people have been able to experience a digital version of it with 3D animation.
39 Not only can we interact with art, but also take part in its creation. With new technological tools at our fingertips, more and more people have created exciting new art forms, such as digital paintings and videos.
However, such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct. Is the artist the creator of the art itself, or the maker of the technology behind it
40 But one thing is for sure - with so many artists exploring new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
A. Now art is more accessible to us than ever before.
B. Where technology will take art next is anyone’s guess.
C. It’s not important whether they are artists or technicians.
D. They do this by using their phones to change their colors and patterns.
E. They watch as the different scenes change from daylight into nighttime.
F. The art-tech combination is also changing our concepts of “art” and the “artist”.
G. This means that art and technology have always been seen as two very separate things.
参考答案
山东省威海市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16 A 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. G
山东省威海市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. C 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。由于各种人类活动破坏了自然栖息地，世界正以惊人的速度失去帝王蝶，但是最大的威胁直到最近才成为焦点——气候变化，伴随着极端的风暴，持续的干旱和温度的升高，正在摧毁作为蝴蝶冬季家园的森林。文章主要介绍了人类为了保护帝王蝶所做出的一些努力。
【36题详解】
根据上文“The world is losing monarch butterflies at a striking rate, as kinds of human activities destroy natural habitats.(由于各种人类活动破坏了自然栖息地，世界正以惊人的速度失去帝王蝶)”以及后文“Climate change, with its extreme storms, prolonged droughts and warming temperatures, is to destroy the forest that serves as the butterfly’s winter home.(气候变化，伴随着极端的风暴，持续的干旱和温度的升高，正在摧毁作为蝴蝶冬季家园的森林)”可知上文提到了人类活动在导致帝王蝶消失，后文则重点指出了气候变化对蝴蝶的影响，可见本句与上文构成转折，旨在说明对帝王蝶的最大威胁是气候变化。故D选项“但是最大的威胁直到最近才成为焦点”符合语境，下文是对这个威胁的具体说明。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Scientists believe, to help these lovely butterflies, it is necessary to create an ecosystem where the butterflies will be able to survive. They’ve decided to start a monumental project.(科学家认为，为了帮助这些可爱的蝴蝶，有必要创建一个蝴蝶能够生存的生态系统。他们决定开始一项浩大的工程)”可知，上文提到科学家决定开始一项浩大的工程，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一工程是什么：将整片森林移到1000英尺高的山上。E选项中They指代上文Scientists。故E选项“他们试图将整片森林移到1000英尺高的山上”符合语境，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“The butterflies that winter here seek shelter in the oyamel firs.(在这里过冬的蝴蝶在冷杉中寻求庇护)”以及后文“The firs protect the butterflies from chilly winter rains and create a microclimate cold enough to keep the butterflies in a state of hibernation but not so cold as to kill them.(冷杉保护蝴蝶免受寒冷的冬雨的侵袭，并创造了一个足够冷的小气候，使蝴蝶处于冬眠状态，但又不至于冻死它们)”可知，上文提到蝴蝶在冷杉中寻求庇护，后文则提到了冷杉如何保护蝴蝶的，C选项中Their指代上文中the oyamel firs。故C选项“它们浓密的顶部就像蝴蝶的伞”符合语境，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据后文“The region is warming at such an accelerated pace that the trees won’t be able to adapt, scientists say, and will need help migrating to areas where the climate is predicted to be suitable for them in future years.(科学家们说，该地区正在以如此快的速度变暖，这些树木将无法适应，需要帮助它们迁移到未来几年气候预计适合它们的地区)”可知，后文提到科学家指出树木无法适应气候变化，需要帮助它们迁移，可见气候变化可能对冷杉造成消极影响，故F选项“科学家们担心气候变化可能会使这些冷杉全部灭绝”符合语境，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Over the last several years, the team of researchers has overseen the relocation of about 1,000 young fir plants, which were growing at lower altitudes, up to higher—and cooler—elevations.(在过去的几年里，这个研究小组已经监督了大约1000株生长在低海拔地区冷杉幼苗的迁移到生长在更高、更凉爽的海拔地区，)”以及后文“They are now establishing the trees at even higher altitudes on other nearby mountains—seeding ecosystems now that monarchs could potentially use later if temperatures continue to rise. (他们现在正在附近其他海拔更高的山上种植这些树，如果气温继续上升，帝王蝶可能会在以后使用这些树)”可知，上文提到冷杉幼苗在低海拔地区生长，后文则提到研究小组在海拔更高的山上种植这些树，即他们在扩大这些树木的数量，故A选项“他们希望扩大这个项目”符合语境，故选A。
山东省威海市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
36~40 DGAFB