福建省部分市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编：七选五（含答案）
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福建省部分市
2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五
福建省龙岩市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检查英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Grow a Child's Love of Gardening
If you want your children to become ready, willing and able gardeners, here are the steps you should take early.
Get your children interested
The first step is to get your child interested in plants. ____16____. Taking your child to a plant store is another good place to start. There they can smell the flowers and touch other plants.
Teach your children well
Children are not old enough to care for a plant by themselves. They need adults to teach them and set an example. They copy adults. ____17____. Another great way to lead them into gardening is to have them grow plants from seeds. This is very effective when the plants such as carrots are things they like to eat.
Give them a job
____18____. Find a gardening task that fits their age. They can fill containers with soil. You can show them how to water and how to place labels. You can also show them how to provide the right amount of light. Small children can help in other ways, such as taking dead flowers off a plant, hunting worms or pulling weeds.
____19____
Most important, however, is to have the proper attitude as head gardener and teacher. Adults' teaching a child about gardening needs an easygoing attitude. Learning is about making mistakes. It is usually stepping on plants and accidentally pulling things that are not weeds. Sometimes they remove all the flowers. Instead of getting angry, just put the flowers into containers and set them near the bare plants. ____20____.
A. Give them guidance
B. Take it easy in the garden
C. Children love gardening
D. Don't forget that children like responsibility
E. So let them see how much you enjoy working with plants
F. This is a bit difficult because of competition from electronics
G. The little attitude adjustment on your part will surely lead to their lasting passion for gardening
福建省南平市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine the great challenge in front of you as a big rock. If you choose to give up, you work around the stone just to go around it.____16____Below are some tips that can help you truly face the difficult choices in your life.
____17____Great things never come easy. If you have big dreams, you’re going to do big work to achieve them. It’s okay to take time to figure out the best way to proceed, but it’s not okay to walk away only because they’re challenging.
Remember that you are not alone. When we face difficult choices or events in our lives, we often forget that we are not the first/only/last to experience this. Everyone faces hard decisions.____18____In some cases, they may even be able to offer you advice you wouldn’t have thought of otherwise.
Figure out what you lack. No matter what the challenge you’re facing, maybe there’s a reason. If it’s a job, why is it you that haven’t got hired Go back through the job listings and skills required and find what you don’t have.____19____
Choose to see challenges as lessons.____20____The old saying “What doesn’t kill me makes me stronger” is true. When you go through something challenging, you learn from it, regardless of the outcome. Recognize the opportunities for learning and personal development.
Adjust your mindset, learn to deal with challenges and you’ll come out the other side a strong and successful person.
A. Be patient with yourself.
B. Remember that you have choices.
C. We build character through hard times.
D. Do something to push yourself closer to the “perfect candidate”.
E. No matter how great the challenge is, breaking it down is a must.
F. However, the fastest way to get it over is to break it and go right through it.
G. So don’t be afraid to reach out to your friends or family for a sounding board.
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Encourage a Sad Friend
Nobody likes to see someone sad, but you can’t sit by and do nothing when it’s your friends. ___16___ Here are some suggestions on how you can encourage your sad friends.
Ask them what’s wrong.
Ask them if they want to talk about it. They may want to talk. Therefore, listen to them. Be silent and don’t interrupt. You don’t need to offer your words of advice unless they ask. ___17___ Give them some time to process the situation and their feelings.
___18___
Remind them that they’re a great person and how much they mean to you. Acknowledge their feelings when they share their pain. Continue to show them kindness and encouragement. Continue to be a loyal friend.
Offer to take them somewhere fun.
Offer to go shopping together. That can be a fun adventure. ___19___ Your friends may initially decline your invitation. Encourage them and tell them that they don’t need to be alone during this sad time, and that getting around other people would be good for them.
Buy them a nice gift.
The gift could be something as simple as a small box of candy, or their favorite flowers. Any of those items will tell your friends that you’re thinking of them in their time of need. ___20___ Your friends will remember what you did for them when they’re alone and sad.
A. Remind them to smile.
B. Support them emotionally.
C. If they don’t want to talk about it, respect their choice.
D. But sometimes it can be difficult to find the perfect gift.
E. Offer to take them to lunch to talk or to get them around other people.
F. This will also help them get their mind off of their problems, if only temporarily.
G. Your friends may have gone through something that could have caused them to be sad.
福建省厦门市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why barbecue tastes so good
The mere thought of barbecue's smokey smell and fascinating flavors is enough to get most mouths watering. Summer is here, and that means it is barbecue season. Cooking on a grill may seem simple. __36__
Cooking with fire
When you cook meat at higher temperatures--like over direct heat on a barbecue-the first thing to happen is that water near the meat's surface boils off. __37__ This reaction produces a complex mixture of molecules （分子）that make food taste more delicious or “meaty” and adds depth to smell and flavors.
__38__ Barbecuing allows the water to evaporate （蒸发） or drip down．This keeps the vegetables from becoming soft and wet and promotes caramelization（焦糖）reactions. These reactions turn carbohydrates and sugars into smaller compounds with nutty, meaty and caramel-like flavors.
Burnt smell and crisp
Another feature of barbecued food is the unique burnt smell it develops. When foods are exposed to heat for lengthened periods of time, non-carbon atoms in the food break down, leaving behind the crispy, black carbon. This is the process of burning. __39__But a little bit of crispy burnt flavor can add such depth to foods. Cooking over the direct heat of a barbecue allows you to add just the amount of burnt flavor to match your taste.
Smokey flavors
The final typical barbecue flavor is smokiness. Food is particularly good at taking on smokey flavors because of fats and water. __40__ In chemistry terms, fats are non-polar-meaning they can easily grab other non-polar molecules. Water is polar and is good at combining other polar molecules. One way to use chemistry to make food more smokey is to periodically water it properly during the barbecuing process.
A. A similar process occurs with vegetables.
B. Each combines different types of molecules.
C. As for vegetables, things become totally different.
D. Almost no one likes a completely burnt piece of meat.
E. But there is lots of chemistry that results in such a delicious experience.
F. Smoke is made up of gases, water vapor and small solid particles from the fuel.
G. Once the surface is dry, the proteins and sugars experience the Maillard Reaction.
福建省三明市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fueling tourism recovery with micro tours
The concept of "micro-tourism" or "micro-vacation", which comes from the tourism industry, may not be new and seems to have become a trend in recent years.
36 __________ It is characterized by short-distance travel, usually on weekends or during short holidays. Incontrast to a proper vacation, which usually involves detailed planning, much longer travel time, higher expenses, and extends over a week or more, micro-vacation needs little planning and time, and is less expensive. 37___________It's usually a family seeking quality time and comfort together, and the choice of location more flexible.
Micro-tourism began catching on seven or eight years ago. It has become increasingly popular since the COVID-19 outbreak. 38____________ Therefore, more and more people, especially those living in large and medium-sized cities, go on short vacations for relaxation.
Local tours, short-distance leisure tours have been fueling the tourism industry's recovery. Adapting to these new trends, destinations around cities, parks and campsites are offering new, specialized facilities and services. Homestays, parental hotels and handicraft workshops are also becoming popular. 39____________, The internet is strikingly full of innovative short videos on camping. And camping equipment is selling well, and it's hard to get camping sites in country parks.
40_____________ Those include advice on how to improve industry standards, safety management, environmental protection, emergency rescue services and anti-pandemic measures. If these issues are properly addressed, micro-tourism will drive the recovery of the tourism.
A What's the feature of micro-tourism
B. Micro-tourism holds huge potential for development.
C Also, a micro-tourism travel group is relatively small.
D. Short videos have been promoting new tourism projects.
E. The chances of infection are higher during long-distance travel.
F. To activate micro-tourism, more government guidelines are needed.
G. In the new trends, the boost of the camping market is literally noticeable.
答案：
福建省龙岩市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检查英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述的是培养孩子对园艺的喜爱的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文的“The first step is to get your child interested in plants.”（第一步是让孩子对植物产生兴趣。）可知，让孩子喜欢园艺的第一步就是要让他们对植物产生兴趣。F选项“This is a bit difficult because of competition from electronics”（这有点困难，因为电子产品的竞争。）中的this指代的就是上文的“让孩子们对植物产生兴趣”， F选项承接上文。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“They copy adults.”（他们模仿成年人。）可知，孩子们会模仿成人的行为，故成人要给孩子做好榜样。E选项“So let them see how much you enjoy working with plants.”（所以让他们看到你有多喜欢和植物一起工作。）可知，当大人们对植物展现出热爱的时候，孩子们也会受到影响，同样也会喜欢上植物。E承接上文。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Give them a job.”（给他们一份工作）以及下文的“Find a gardening task that fits their age. They can fill containers with soil. You can show them how to water and how to place labels. ”（找一个适合他们年龄的园艺任务。他们可以用泥土填满容器。你可以告诉他们如何浇水和如何贴标签。）可知，给孩子们安排具体的园艺任务，让孩子们在具体的工作中体会责任感，从而爱上植物。D选项“Don't forget that children like responsibility.”（别忘了孩子喜欢承担责任。）中的responsibility指代的就是下文中的具体园艺任务。故选D。
【19题详解】
第四题为段落标题。根据前文的黑体字，可知此题应该是祈使句的句子结构。根据后文的“Most important, however, is to have the proper attitude as head gardener and teacher. Adults' teaching a child about gardening needs an easygoing attitude.”（然而，最重要的是要有作为园长和老师的正确态度。大人教孩子园艺需要一种随和的态度。）可知，在种植花园的时候，院长和老师要以正确的态度来引导他们，这种态度一定是随和的，让孩子们感觉到轻松。B选项“Take it easy in the garden.”（在花园中要轻松一点）与此对应，强调的是轻松的随和的态度，同时又是祈使句结构。故选B
【20题详解】
根据本段段旨“Take it easy in the garden.”（在花园中要轻松一点），可知本段强调的是在花园中，要以随和的态度对待孩子们。根据前文的“ Sometimes they remove all the flowers. Instead of getting angry, just put the flowers into containers and set them near the bare plants. ”（有时他们会把所有的花都拿走。不要生气，把花放在容器里，放在光秃秃的植物旁边。）可知，即使孩子们在花园中犯了错误，也不要生气。故G选项中“The little attitude adjustment on your part will surely lead to their lasting passion for gardening.”（你态度上的小小调整一定会让他们对园艺产生持久的热情。）中的The little attitude adjustment指代就是前文中“不要生气而是随和对待孩子在花园中的错误”，G承接上文。故选G。
福建省南平市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了挑战就像一个大石头摆在我们面前，要克服它就得打破它，直接穿过去，而不是围着它绕。文章介绍了几种技巧帮助我们去面对生活中的挑战。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Imagine the great challenge in front of you as a big rock. If you choose to give up, you work around the stone just to go around it.(想象一下，你面前的巨大挑战就像一块巨石。如果你选择放弃，你只能围绕着石头转。)”以及后文“Below are some tips that can help you truly face the difficult choices in your life.(以下是一些技巧能帮助你真正地面对生活中困难的抉择。)”可知，挑战就像一个大的石头，不去解决它，就会不停地围绕着它转，但是不是没有解决办法。选项F“However, the fastest way to get it over is to break it and go right through it.(然而，最快的解决方法是打破它，直接穿过它。)”与上文是转折关系，提出解决方案，又引出下文内容，F项符合语意。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“It's okay to take time to figure out the best way to proceed, but it’s not okay to walk away only because they’re challenging.(花时间找出前进的最佳方式是可以的，但是仅仅因为它们具有挑战性就放弃是不行的。)”可知，遇到挑战时，不要着急，给自己一些时间去弄清楚解决问题的最佳做法，因此要对自己有耐心。A项“Be patient with yourself.(对自己有耐心。)”是对下文内容的总结。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Remember that you are not alone. When we face difficult choices or events in our lives, we often forget that we are not the first/only/last to experience this. Everyone faces hard decisions.(记住你不是一个人。当我们在生活中面临艰难的选择或事件时，我们往往会忘记我们不是第一个或唯一一个或最后一个经历这些的人。每个人都面临艰难的决定。)”以及后文“In some cases, they may even be able to offer you advice you wouldn’t have thought of otherwise.(在某些情况下，他们甚至能给你提供你想不到的建议。)”可知，我们不是独自地面对困难和挑战，其他人也跟我们一样都会面临困难的抉择。所以，当我们有困难时，向身边的人求助是很正常的，说不定他们能给我们一些很好的建议。选项G中的“your friends or family”对应下文的“they”且选项G与前文之间是因果关系。因此选项G“So don’t be afraid to reach out to your friends or family for a sounding board.(所以，不要害怕向你的朋友或家人寻求帮助。)”符合语意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“If it’s a job, why is it you that haven’t got hired Go back through the job listings and skills required and find what you don’t have.(如果是一份工作，为什么是你没有被聘用？回顾一下你的工作清单和你需要的技能，看看你还缺什么。)”可知，你需要明白自己是因为缺什么而不被录用，然后再去努力弥补你的不足。选项D中的“perfect candidate”是对于前文“haven’t got hired”的回应，是努力之后另一种结果。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“The old saying “What doesn’t kill me makes me stronger” is true. When you go through something challenging, you learn from it, regardless of the outcome. Recognize the opportunities for learning and personal development.(“杀不死我的，让我更强”这句老话是真的。当你经历挑战时，不管结果如何，你都会从中学到东西。要认识到学习和个人发展的机会。)”可知，挑战能让我们更加坚强，能让我们受益。故选项C“We build character through hard times.(我们在困难时期塑造性格。)”与后文内容相衔接，符合语意。故选C项。
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何鼓励悲伤的朋友。
【16题详解】
空前说“Nobody likes to see someone sad, but you can’t sit by and do nothing when it’s your friends.(没有人喜欢看到别人难过，但如果是你的朋友，你也不能袖手旁观。)”，G选项“Your friends may have gone through something that could have caused them to be sad.(你的朋友可能经历了一些让他们伤心的事情。)”中的“caused them to be sad”和前面的“see someone sad”相呼应，说明了为什么不能袖手旁观，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
空前说“You don’t need to offer your words of advice unless they ask.(除非他们问你，否则你不需要提供你的建议。)”，也就是如果他们不说，你应该尊重他们，C选项“If they don’t want to talk about it, respect their choice.(如果他们不想谈，尊重他们的选择。)”说明了如果他们不说就尊重他们的选择，且和后文的“Give them some time to process the situation and their feelings.(给他们一些时间来处理这个情况和他们的感受。)”相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，根据空格下方的“Acknowledge their feelings when they share their pain. Continue to show them kindness and encouragement.(当他们分享他们的痛苦时，承认他们的感受。继续向他们表达善意和鼓励。)”可知，本段主要讲的是在感情上支持朋友，B选项“Support them emotionally.(在情绪上支持他们。)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。
【19题详解】
空前说“Offer to go shopping together. That can be a fun adventure.(一起去购物。这可能是一次有趣的冒险。)”，空后说“Your friends may initially decline your invitation.(你的朋友最初可能会拒绝你的邀请。)”，因此空格处应提到还有什么事情可以和朋友一起去做，E选项“Offer to take them to lunch to talk or to get them around other people.(邀请他们共进午餐，和他们聊天，或者让他们见见其他人。)”说明了可以带朋友去做的一些事情，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
空前说“The gift could be something as simple as a small box of candy, or their favorite flowers. Any of those items will tell your friends that you’re thinking of them in their time of need.(礼物可以是小盒糖果，或者他们最喜欢的花这样简单的东西。这些东西中的任何一件都会告诉你的朋友，在他们需要的时候，你在想着他们。)”，空格处应继续说礼物还会有什么其他的用处，F选项“This will also help them get their mind off of their problems, if only temporarily.(这也会帮助他们暂时忘记自己的问题。)”说明了礼物的其他用处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
福建省厦门市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】 EGADB
【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。 讲述了为什么烧烤非常美味的原因。
36．【答案】E
【解析】 本题设空位置在段末, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点： 根据题目“Why barbecue tastes so good (为什么烧烤如此美味)”以及下面的三个小标题可知， 此处是一个过度句，引出下文。 E 选项 “但有很多化学反应导致了如此美味的体验。”符合题意，且与前文“Cooking on a grill may seem simple (在 烧烤架上烹饪似乎很简单)”构成转折关系。 故选 E。
37．【答案】G
【解析】 本题设空位置在段中, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点： 根据上文“water near the meat’s surface boils off. (肉表面附近的水蒸发掉了。 )”和下文“This reaction produces a complex mixture of molecules (这个反应产生一种复杂的分子混合物) ”可知， G 选项“一旦表面干燥，蛋白质和糖就会发生美 拉德反应。”既跟前句有原词重现“surface ”又跟后句的“Thisreaction”相对应， 符合题意。故选 G 。 38．【答案】A
【解析】 本题设空位置在段首, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 根据上段 “When you cook meat at higher temperatures-like over direct heat on a barbecue—the first thing to happen is that water near the meat’s surface boils off. (当你用较高的温度烹饪肉类时， 比如直接在烧烤上加热，首先会发生的是肉表面附近的水 蒸发掉。)”可推知上一段主要对象在讲肉，根据下文“Barbecuing allows the water to evaporate(蒸发) or drip
down. This keeps the vegetables from becoming soft and wet and promotes caramelization(焦糖) reactions. (烧烤 可以让水蒸发或滴下来。这样可以防止蔬菜变软变湿，促进焦糖化反应)”可知该段在讲蔬菜，且跟上段 一样在讲蒸发， A 选项“蔬菜也有类似的过程”符合题意。故选 A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】 本题设空位置在段中, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点：根据下文“But a little bit of crispy burnt flavor can add such depth to foods. (但一点点脆焦的味道可以增加食物的深度。 )” 与 D 选项 “几乎没有人喜欢一块完全烧焦的肉”构成转折关系。故选 D。
40．【答案】B
【解析】 本题设空位置在段中, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点： 根据上文“Foodis particularly good at taking on smokey flavors because of fats and water. (由于脂肪和水的存在， 食物特别容易产 生烟熏味)”以及下文“In chemistry terms, fats are non-polar—meaning they can easily grab other non-polar molecules. Water is polar and is good at combining other polar molecules. (在化学术语中， 脂肪是非极性的—— 这意味着它们可以很容易地抓住其他非极性分子。水是极性的， 并且善于结合其他极性分子。)”可知， 下 文分别讲述了脂肪和水在化学中和分子的关系。 B 选项“每个结合了不同类型的分子。”符合题意。故选B。
福建省三明市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题
36-40ACEGF
2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五
福建省龙岩市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检查英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Grow a Child's Love of Gardening
If you want your children to become ready, willing and able gardeners, here are the steps you should take early.
Get your children interested
The first step is to get your child interested in plants. ____16____. Taking your child to a plant store is another good place to start. There they can smell the flowers and touch other plants.
Teach your children well
Children are not old enough to care for a plant by themselves. They need adults to teach them and set an example. They copy adults. ____17____. Another great way to lead them into gardening is to have them grow plants from seeds. This is very effective when the plants such as carrots are things they like to eat.
Give them a job
____18____. Find a gardening task that fits their age. They can fill containers with soil. You can show them how to water and how to place labels. You can also show them how to provide the right amount of light. Small children can help in other ways, such as taking dead flowers off a plant, hunting worms or pulling weeds.
____19____
Most important, however, is to have the proper attitude as head gardener and teacher. Adults' teaching a child about gardening needs an easygoing attitude. Learning is about making mistakes. It is usually stepping on plants and accidentally pulling things that are not weeds. Sometimes they remove all the flowers. Instead of getting angry, just put the flowers into containers and set them near the bare plants. ____20____.
A. Give them guidance
B. Take it easy in the garden
C. Children love gardening
D. Don't forget that children like responsibility
E. So let them see how much you enjoy working with plants
F. This is a bit difficult because of competition from electronics
G. The little attitude adjustment on your part will surely lead to their lasting passion for gardening
福建省南平市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine the great challenge in front of you as a big rock. If you choose to give up, you work around the stone just to go around it.____16____Below are some tips that can help you truly face the difficult choices in your life.
____17____Great things never come easy. If you have big dreams, you’re going to do big work to achieve them. It’s okay to take time to figure out the best way to proceed, but it’s not okay to walk away only because they’re challenging.
Remember that you are not alone. When we face difficult choices or events in our lives, we often forget that we are not the first/only/last to experience this. Everyone faces hard decisions.____18____In some cases, they may even be able to offer you advice you wouldn’t have thought of otherwise.
Figure out what you lack. No matter what the challenge you’re facing, maybe there’s a reason. If it’s a job, why is it you that haven’t got hired Go back through the job listings and skills required and find what you don’t have.____19____
Choose to see challenges as lessons.____20____The old saying “What doesn’t kill me makes me stronger” is true. When you go through something challenging, you learn from it, regardless of the outcome. Recognize the opportunities for learning and personal development.
Adjust your mindset, learn to deal with challenges and you’ll come out the other side a strong and successful person.
A. Be patient with yourself.
B. Remember that you have choices.
C. We build character through hard times.
D. Do something to push yourself closer to the “perfect candidate”.
E. No matter how great the challenge is, breaking it down is a must.
F. However, the fastest way to get it over is to break it and go right through it.
G. So don’t be afraid to reach out to your friends or family for a sounding board.
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Encourage a Sad Friend
Nobody likes to see someone sad, but you can’t sit by and do nothing when it’s your friends. ___16___ Here are some suggestions on how you can encourage your sad friends.
Ask them what’s wrong.
Ask them if they want to talk about it. They may want to talk. Therefore, listen to them. Be silent and don’t interrupt. You don’t need to offer your words of advice unless they ask. ___17___ Give them some time to process the situation and their feelings.
___18___
Remind them that they’re a great person and how much they mean to you. Acknowledge their feelings when they share their pain. Continue to show them kindness and encouragement. Continue to be a loyal friend.
Offer to take them somewhere fun.
Offer to go shopping together. That can be a fun adventure. ___19___ Your friends may initially decline your invitation. Encourage them and tell them that they don’t need to be alone during this sad time, and that getting around other people would be good for them.
Buy them a nice gift.
The gift could be something as simple as a small box of candy, or their favorite flowers. Any of those items will tell your friends that you’re thinking of them in their time of need. ___20___ Your friends will remember what you did for them when they’re alone and sad.
A. Remind them to smile.
B. Support them emotionally.
C. If they don’t want to talk about it, respect their choice.
D. But sometimes it can be difficult to find the perfect gift.
E. Offer to take them to lunch to talk or to get them around other people.
F. This will also help them get their mind off of their problems, if only temporarily.
G. Your friends may have gone through something that could have caused them to be sad.
福建省厦门市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why barbecue tastes so good
The mere thought of barbecue's smokey smell and fascinating flavors is enough to get most mouths watering. Summer is here, and that means it is barbecue season. Cooking on a grill may seem simple. __36__
Cooking with fire
When you cook meat at higher temperatures--like over direct heat on a barbecue-the first thing to happen is that water near the meat's surface boils off. __37__ This reaction produces a complex mixture of molecules （分子）that make food taste more delicious or “meaty” and adds depth to smell and flavors.
__38__ Barbecuing allows the water to evaporate （蒸发） or drip down．This keeps the vegetables from becoming soft and wet and promotes caramelization（焦糖）reactions. These reactions turn carbohydrates and sugars into smaller compounds with nutty, meaty and caramel-like flavors.
Burnt smell and crisp
Another feature of barbecued food is the unique burnt smell it develops. When foods are exposed to heat for lengthened periods of time, non-carbon atoms in the food break down, leaving behind the crispy, black carbon. This is the process of burning. __39__But a little bit of crispy burnt flavor can add such depth to foods. Cooking over the direct heat of a barbecue allows you to add just the amount of burnt flavor to match your taste.
Smokey flavors
The final typical barbecue flavor is smokiness. Food is particularly good at taking on smokey flavors because of fats and water. __40__ In chemistry terms, fats are non-polar-meaning they can easily grab other non-polar molecules. Water is polar and is good at combining other polar molecules. One way to use chemistry to make food more smokey is to periodically water it properly during the barbecuing process.
A. A similar process occurs with vegetables.
B. Each combines different types of molecules.
C. As for vegetables, things become totally different.
D. Almost no one likes a completely burnt piece of meat.
E. But there is lots of chemistry that results in such a delicious experience.
F. Smoke is made up of gases, water vapor and small solid particles from the fuel.
G. Once the surface is dry, the proteins and sugars experience the Maillard Reaction.
福建省三明市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fueling tourism recovery with micro tours
The concept of "micro-tourism" or "micro-vacation", which comes from the tourism industry, may not be new and seems to have become a trend in recent years.
36 __________ It is characterized by short-distance travel, usually on weekends or during short holidays. Incontrast to a proper vacation, which usually involves detailed planning, much longer travel time, higher expenses, and extends over a week or more, micro-vacation needs little planning and time, and is less expensive. 37___________It's usually a family seeking quality time and comfort together, and the choice of location more flexible.
Micro-tourism began catching on seven or eight years ago. It has become increasingly popular since the COVID-19 outbreak. 38____________ Therefore, more and more people, especially those living in large and medium-sized cities, go on short vacations for relaxation.
Local tours, short-distance leisure tours have been fueling the tourism industry's recovery. Adapting to these new trends, destinations around cities, parks and campsites are offering new, specialized facilities and services. Homestays, parental hotels and handicraft workshops are also becoming popular. 39____________, The internet is strikingly full of innovative short videos on camping. And camping equipment is selling well, and it's hard to get camping sites in country parks.
40_____________ Those include advice on how to improve industry standards, safety management, environmental protection, emergency rescue services and anti-pandemic measures. If these issues are properly addressed, micro-tourism will drive the recovery of the tourism.
A What's the feature of micro-tourism
B. Micro-tourism holds huge potential for development.
C Also, a micro-tourism travel group is relatively small.
D. Short videos have been promoting new tourism projects.
E. The chances of infection are higher during long-distance travel.
F. To activate micro-tourism, more government guidelines are needed.
G. In the new trends, the boost of the camping market is literally noticeable.
答案：
福建省龙岩市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检查英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述的是培养孩子对园艺的喜爱的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文的“The first step is to get your child interested in plants.”（第一步是让孩子对植物产生兴趣。）可知，让孩子喜欢园艺的第一步就是要让他们对植物产生兴趣。F选项“This is a bit difficult because of competition from electronics”（这有点困难，因为电子产品的竞争。）中的this指代的就是上文的“让孩子们对植物产生兴趣”， F选项承接上文。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“They copy adults.”（他们模仿成年人。）可知，孩子们会模仿成人的行为，故成人要给孩子做好榜样。E选项“So let them see how much you enjoy working with plants.”（所以让他们看到你有多喜欢和植物一起工作。）可知，当大人们对植物展现出热爱的时候，孩子们也会受到影响，同样也会喜欢上植物。E承接上文。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Give them a job.”（给他们一份工作）以及下文的“Find a gardening task that fits their age. They can fill containers with soil. You can show them how to water and how to place labels. ”（找一个适合他们年龄的园艺任务。他们可以用泥土填满容器。你可以告诉他们如何浇水和如何贴标签。）可知，给孩子们安排具体的园艺任务，让孩子们在具体的工作中体会责任感，从而爱上植物。D选项“Don't forget that children like responsibility.”（别忘了孩子喜欢承担责任。）中的responsibility指代的就是下文中的具体园艺任务。故选D。
【19题详解】
第四题为段落标题。根据前文的黑体字，可知此题应该是祈使句的句子结构。根据后文的“Most important, however, is to have the proper attitude as head gardener and teacher. Adults' teaching a child about gardening needs an easygoing attitude.”（然而，最重要的是要有作为园长和老师的正确态度。大人教孩子园艺需要一种随和的态度。）可知，在种植花园的时候，院长和老师要以正确的态度来引导他们，这种态度一定是随和的，让孩子们感觉到轻松。B选项“Take it easy in the garden.”（在花园中要轻松一点）与此对应，强调的是轻松的随和的态度，同时又是祈使句结构。故选B
【20题详解】
根据本段段旨“Take it easy in the garden.”（在花园中要轻松一点），可知本段强调的是在花园中，要以随和的态度对待孩子们。根据前文的“ Sometimes they remove all the flowers. Instead of getting angry, just put the flowers into containers and set them near the bare plants. ”（有时他们会把所有的花都拿走。不要生气，把花放在容器里，放在光秃秃的植物旁边。）可知，即使孩子们在花园中犯了错误，也不要生气。故G选项中“The little attitude adjustment on your part will surely lead to their lasting passion for gardening.”（你态度上的小小调整一定会让他们对园艺产生持久的热情。）中的The little attitude adjustment指代就是前文中“不要生气而是随和对待孩子在花园中的错误”，G承接上文。故选G。
福建省南平市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了挑战就像一个大石头摆在我们面前，要克服它就得打破它，直接穿过去，而不是围着它绕。文章介绍了几种技巧帮助我们去面对生活中的挑战。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Imagine the great challenge in front of you as a big rock. If you choose to give up, you work around the stone just to go around it.(想象一下，你面前的巨大挑战就像一块巨石。如果你选择放弃，你只能围绕着石头转。)”以及后文“Below are some tips that can help you truly face the difficult choices in your life.(以下是一些技巧能帮助你真正地面对生活中困难的抉择。)”可知，挑战就像一个大的石头，不去解决它，就会不停地围绕着它转，但是不是没有解决办法。选项F“However, the fastest way to get it over is to break it and go right through it.(然而，最快的解决方法是打破它，直接穿过它。)”与上文是转折关系，提出解决方案，又引出下文内容，F项符合语意。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“It's okay to take time to figure out the best way to proceed, but it’s not okay to walk away only because they’re challenging.(花时间找出前进的最佳方式是可以的，但是仅仅因为它们具有挑战性就放弃是不行的。)”可知，遇到挑战时，不要着急，给自己一些时间去弄清楚解决问题的最佳做法，因此要对自己有耐心。A项“Be patient with yourself.(对自己有耐心。)”是对下文内容的总结。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Remember that you are not alone. When we face difficult choices or events in our lives, we often forget that we are not the first/only/last to experience this. Everyone faces hard decisions.(记住你不是一个人。当我们在生活中面临艰难的选择或事件时，我们往往会忘记我们不是第一个或唯一一个或最后一个经历这些的人。每个人都面临艰难的决定。)”以及后文“In some cases, they may even be able to offer you advice you wouldn’t have thought of otherwise.(在某些情况下，他们甚至能给你提供你想不到的建议。)”可知，我们不是独自地面对困难和挑战，其他人也跟我们一样都会面临困难的抉择。所以，当我们有困难时，向身边的人求助是很正常的，说不定他们能给我们一些很好的建议。选项G中的“your friends or family”对应下文的“they”且选项G与前文之间是因果关系。因此选项G“So don’t be afraid to reach out to your friends or family for a sounding board.(所以，不要害怕向你的朋友或家人寻求帮助。)”符合语意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“If it’s a job, why is it you that haven’t got hired Go back through the job listings and skills required and find what you don’t have.(如果是一份工作，为什么是你没有被聘用？回顾一下你的工作清单和你需要的技能，看看你还缺什么。)”可知，你需要明白自己是因为缺什么而不被录用，然后再去努力弥补你的不足。选项D中的“perfect candidate”是对于前文“haven’t got hired”的回应，是努力之后另一种结果。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“The old saying “What doesn’t kill me makes me stronger” is true. When you go through something challenging, you learn from it, regardless of the outcome. Recognize the opportunities for learning and personal development.(“杀不死我的，让我更强”这句老话是真的。当你经历挑战时，不管结果如何，你都会从中学到东西。要认识到学习和个人发展的机会。)”可知，挑战能让我们更加坚强，能让我们受益。故选项C“We build character through hard times.(我们在困难时期塑造性格。)”与后文内容相衔接，符合语意。故选C项。
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何鼓励悲伤的朋友。
【16题详解】
空前说“Nobody likes to see someone sad, but you can’t sit by and do nothing when it’s your friends.(没有人喜欢看到别人难过，但如果是你的朋友，你也不能袖手旁观。)”，G选项“Your friends may have gone through something that could have caused them to be sad.(你的朋友可能经历了一些让他们伤心的事情。)”中的“caused them to be sad”和前面的“see someone sad”相呼应，说明了为什么不能袖手旁观，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
空前说“You don’t need to offer your words of advice unless they ask.(除非他们问你，否则你不需要提供你的建议。)”，也就是如果他们不说，你应该尊重他们，C选项“If they don’t want to talk about it, respect their choice.(如果他们不想谈，尊重他们的选择。)”说明了如果他们不说就尊重他们的选择，且和后文的“Give them some time to process the situation and their feelings.(给他们一些时间来处理这个情况和他们的感受。)”相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，根据空格下方的“Acknowledge their feelings when they share their pain. Continue to show them kindness and encouragement.(当他们分享他们的痛苦时，承认他们的感受。继续向他们表达善意和鼓励。)”可知，本段主要讲的是在感情上支持朋友，B选项“Support them emotionally.(在情绪上支持他们。)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。
【19题详解】
空前说“Offer to go shopping together. That can be a fun adventure.(一起去购物。这可能是一次有趣的冒险。)”，空后说“Your friends may initially decline your invitation.(你的朋友最初可能会拒绝你的邀请。)”，因此空格处应提到还有什么事情可以和朋友一起去做，E选项“Offer to take them to lunch to talk or to get them around other people.(邀请他们共进午餐，和他们聊天，或者让他们见见其他人。)”说明了可以带朋友去做的一些事情，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
空前说“The gift could be something as simple as a small box of candy, or their favorite flowers. Any of those items will tell your friends that you’re thinking of them in their time of need.(礼物可以是小盒糖果，或者他们最喜欢的花这样简单的东西。这些东西中的任何一件都会告诉你的朋友，在他们需要的时候，你在想着他们。)”，空格处应继续说礼物还会有什么其他的用处，F选项“This will also help them get their mind off of their problems, if only temporarily.(这也会帮助他们暂时忘记自己的问题。)”说明了礼物的其他用处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
福建省厦门市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】 EGADB
【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。 讲述了为什么烧烤非常美味的原因。
36．【答案】E
【解析】 本题设空位置在段末, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点： 根据题目“Why barbecue tastes so good (为什么烧烤如此美味)”以及下面的三个小标题可知， 此处是一个过度句，引出下文。 E 选项 “但有很多化学反应导致了如此美味的体验。”符合题意，且与前文“Cooking on a grill may seem simple (在 烧烤架上烹饪似乎很简单)”构成转折关系。 故选 E。
37．【答案】G
【解析】 本题设空位置在段中, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点： 根据上文“water near the meat’s surface boils off. (肉表面附近的水蒸发掉了。 )”和下文“This reaction produces a complex mixture of molecules (这个反应产生一种复杂的分子混合物) ”可知， G 选项“一旦表面干燥，蛋白质和糖就会发生美 拉德反应。”既跟前句有原词重现“surface ”又跟后句的“Thisreaction”相对应， 符合题意。故选 G 。 38．【答案】A
【解析】 本题设空位置在段首, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 根据上段 “When you cook meat at higher temperatures-like over direct heat on a barbecue—the first thing to happen is that water near the meat’s surface boils off. (当你用较高的温度烹饪肉类时， 比如直接在烧烤上加热，首先会发生的是肉表面附近的水 蒸发掉。)”可推知上一段主要对象在讲肉，根据下文“Barbecuing allows the water to evaporate(蒸发) or drip
down. This keeps the vegetables from becoming soft and wet and promotes caramelization(焦糖) reactions. (烧烤 可以让水蒸发或滴下来。这样可以防止蔬菜变软变湿，促进焦糖化反应)”可知该段在讲蔬菜，且跟上段 一样在讲蒸发， A 选项“蔬菜也有类似的过程”符合题意。故选 A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】 本题设空位置在段中, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点：根据下文“But a little bit of crispy burnt flavor can add such depth to foods. (但一点点脆焦的味道可以增加食物的深度。 )” 与 D 选项 “几乎没有人喜欢一块完全烧焦的肉”构成转折关系。故选 D。
40．【答案】B
【解析】 本题设空位置在段中, 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。解题要点： 根据上文“Foodis particularly good at taking on smokey flavors because of fats and water. (由于脂肪和水的存在， 食物特别容易产 生烟熏味)”以及下文“In chemistry terms, fats are non-polar—meaning they can easily grab other non-polar molecules. Water is polar and is good at combining other polar molecules. (在化学术语中， 脂肪是非极性的—— 这意味着它们可以很容易地抓住其他非极性分子。水是极性的， 并且善于结合其他极性分子。)”可知， 下 文分别讲述了脂肪和水在化学中和分子的关系。 B 选项“每个结合了不同类型的分子。”符合题意。故选B。
福建省三明市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题
36-40ACEGF