重难点07 状语从句
连词是高考必考点，每年都保持在一至两个题目，命题形式除了语法填空外还在完形填空中进行考查，其考点主要句子之间的并列，转折，因果逻辑等。要求考生熟悉句型结构，准确判断句子之间的逻辑关系。状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果 等方面的关系。语法填空题型中，该部分是必考内容。状语从句的考查主要集中在条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句和结果状语从句等中。解决状语从句的关键是找出句子之间或从句与主句之间的逻辑关系.
1、语法填空对连词的考查判断原则：
一析→
↓
二定→
2、要注意是不是某些固定搭配。如；be about to do...when等，
3、状语从句在写作中也属于高端的语法点，因此， 在适当的情况下呈现状语从句的知识可以给文章增加得分点。
热点1 让步状语从句和时间状语从句
1．让步状语从句
(1)、although, though, while引导的让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet或still连用。
Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼很重要，但临睡前锻炼不是个好主意。
(2)、though与as引导的让步状语从句
though引导的让步状语从句置于句首时，从句可倒装也可用正常语序；而as意为“尽管”时，引导的让步状语从句用倒装结构，即as引导的从句一般置于主句之前，从句中的形容词、副词、名词或动词原形置于句首。若是单数名词前置时，要省略冠词。
Child as/though he was, he helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很大的忙。(名词)
Try as/though he might, he could not open the door.
不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。(动词)
(3)、“疑问词＋－ever”引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论……”。
However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
(4)、whether ... or ...引导的让步状语从句，意为“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。
2．时间状语从句
(1)、when指的是“某一具体时间”，可与延续性或非延续性动词连用，whenever“无论何时”；while“在……期间”，只与延续性动词连用；as表“一边……一边……”，强调主从句动作同时发生。
(2)、before/since引导时间状语从句的用法
①before作连词：It will/won't be＋一段时间＋before ...意为“过了多少时间才/没过多长时间就……”。before还可以作介词，意为“在……以前”。
②since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来”，从句一般表示动作的起点，用一般过去时；主句表示动作的延续情况，一般用现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。常用句型：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...。
Since he graduated from college, he has worked in this city.
自从大学毕业以来，他一直在这座城市工作。
It is five years since he lived here.
他不在这儿住已有五年了。
(3)、till, until, not ... until
①延续性动词(肯定式)＋until/till表示动作延续到某一时间为止。
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。
②非延续性动词/延续性动词(否定式)＋until/till表示“直到……才”。
He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。
(4)、其他用于引导时间状语从句的词或短语
①the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, directly, immediately, instantly等名词短语和副词可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
Directly I received his letter I went to see him.
我一收到他的信就去看他了。
②在hardly/scarcely ... when ...与no sooner ... than ...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
③every time, any time, the first time, by the time, each time等名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。
Every time I express an opinion, she always argues back.
每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
热点2 地点状语从句和条件状语从句
1．地点状语从句
where与wherever可引导地点状语从句。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将从昨天停止的地方开始，因此就不会遗漏任何要点。
2．条件状语从句的常见引导词：
if, unless (＝if ... not), so/as long as (只要), on condition that (条件是), only if (只有), provided that (如果), in case (万一，如果), suppose/supposing that (假设，如果), assuming that (假设)等。
My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy.
我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。
3．在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义；现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况；一般过去时表过去将来的含义。
热点3 其他状语从句
1．原因状语从句
原因状语从句可由because, as, since, now that (in that)等词引导。
(1)、because意为“因为”，表直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着妻子坐。
(2)、as (由于), since (既然), now that/in that (既然)，表双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as, since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。
Now that you have done that, stop blaming yourself.
既然你已经做了，就不要自责了。
2．目的状语从句
(1)、in order that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。从句的谓语常含有can, may, could, might等情态动词。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们早早地出发去山顶。
(2)、for fear that/in case
这两个连词引导的目的状语从句中的谓语常用“(should＋)动词原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he (should) forget it.
他把名字写下来以免忘了。
3．结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, so ... that, such ... that。其结构是：
(1)、so＋adj./adv.＋that从句
so＋adj.＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋that从句
so＋many/much/little(少)/few＋名词＋that从句
(2)、such＋a(n)＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that从句
such＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that从句
such＋a lot of/lots of＋名词＋that从句
(3)、主句＋so that从句
It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.
＝It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.
＝It was a cold day so that there was nobody in the street.
天气非常冷，街上一个人也没有。
4．方式状语从句
方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as (像……一样), as if/though (似乎，好像)等引导。
(1)、as引导方式状语从句，前面常可用just加强语气。
I did just as the teacher did.
我就像老师做的那样做了。
(2)、as if/as though引导方式状语从句时，常用虚拟语气。
She spoke English so well as if she had been to America.
她英语说得非常好，就好像她去过美国似的。
（限时30分钟）
1. （2022年新高考I卷）...After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ______ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】and
【详解】考查连词。句意。经过三年的试点，GPNP将于明年正式成立。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，留下宝贵的自然资产或子孙后代”的指导原则。设空处无提示词，且前后为并列关系，应用and，连接三个指导原则 “protecting..., preserving ..., and leaving ...”。故填and。
2. （2022年全国乙卷） The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ______ cultural exchanges. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】and
【详解】考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语，应用and连接。故填and。
3.（2022年全国甲卷改错）The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.
【答案】too改为so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型so…that…译为“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。故将too改为so。
【答案】what改为how
【详解】考查副词。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来做动词knew的宾语。结合句意，此处表达“如何解决它”，settle it为动宾关系，此处缺少方式状语，用how。故将what改为how。
4.（2022年全国乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges.
【答案】and
【详解】考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。分析句式结构可知,名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。
5．（2021年天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A．unless B．once C．whether D．because
【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非；B.once 一旦；C.whether无论；是否；D.because 因为。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是…还是…”，whether符合题意。故选C项。
6．（2021年天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
【答案】B
【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. what什么，所…的事儿；D. when什么时间，…的时间。分析句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选B项。
7. （2021年全国乙卷短文改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
【答案】 whatever→whenever
【解析】考查连词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。根据句意可知，此处表达“有必要时我也会打扫自己的卧室”，所以用whenever(无论何时)引导让步状语从句。故将whatever改为whenever。
8.（2021年浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
【答案】 And
【解析】考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
9.（2020年江苏卷）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. now that既然；D. so that为了。空后it won’t be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
10.（2020年全国I卷 改错）First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
【答案】but改为and
【解析】考查连词。句意：首先，我把西红柿切成块，然后放在一边。根据句意可知，前后句之间为顺接关系，需要用and来连接，故将but改为and。
11.(2020年浙江卷）It’s also that they are on average healthier ________ more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意：这也意味着他们平均来说更健康，工作效率更高。因此，他们可以工作更长时间，消费更多，总的来说对经济是一种促进。本空前后都为形容词的比较级，结合句意可知，healthier和more productive为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
12. （2020年全国III卷）________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】When/As
【解析】考查连词和状语从句。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母要大写，故填When/As。
13. （2020年上海卷）One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years ________ it was first invented. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】after
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：已知最早的发明之一是弓箭，在它被发明15000年后，至今仍在全世界使用。根据句意可知，本空应填连词after引导时间状语从句，表示“在……以后”。故填after。
14．(2019·天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
【解析】考查连词。 句意：汤姆非常独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。根据句意可知，此处应用unless “除非”引导条件状语从句。
15．(2019·江苏高考)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ case they need medical assistance.
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。根据语境结合设空后的case可知，此处填in, in case“以防”引导状语从句。
（限时30分钟）
1.(江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月考)Facing the tough situation, the city government called for volunteers with related skills and experience to join the firefighting, ____42____a large number of motorcyclists have played an important role and won widespread praise.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意见上题解析。分析句子的成份可知，设空处后的“motorcyclists”和空前的“volunteers”并列，应用and。故填and。
2.(海南省琼海市嘉积中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考) The wares not only reflect the spread of bluish white porcelain-making technique, ____41____ also the social and economic development and commercial prosperity in the Song Dynasty.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：这些瓷器不仅反映了青花瓷器制作技术的传播，也反映了宋代社会经济的发展和商业的繁荣。结合句意表达“不但……而且……”用not only...but also...。故填but。
3.(广西北海市2022-2023学年高三上学期9月联考适应性考试) The ocean plays an important part in the world. It offers us sufficient food but maintains the balance of the nature.
【答案】so
【解析】考查连词。句意：它为我们提供了充足的食物，保持了自然的平衡。根据句意可知，“提供充足的食物”和“保护自然的平衡”为顺承关系，而不是转折。故将but改为and。
4.(北京市八一学校2022-2023学年高三暑期学习反馈英语试题) The weather is often changing, ___20___ we highly recommend you to take umbrellas and hats.
【答案】so
【解析】考查连词。句意：天气经常变化，因此我们强烈建议您带上雨伞和帽子。根据“The weather is often changing”可知，因为天气经常变化，因此建议带上雨伞和帽子，前后句之间为因果关系。故填so。
5.(衢州二中2022届高三英语第一次模拟考试) Fire has always been a part of life California. _____38_____a series of factors have combined to make recent blazes more damaging.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：但一系列因素结合在一起，使最近的火灾更具破坏性。加州虽然常有火灾，但这次火灾更有破坏性，可见本句与前文有转折关系，故填but。
6.(2022届广西柳州高级中学高考模拟英语试题) In the final days ____42____ the Beijing Olympics began, it seemed as though the Chinese public might hardly even notice the competitions.
【答案】before
【解析】考查连词。句意：在北京奥运会开幕前的最后几天，中国公众似乎几乎没有注意到这些比赛。根据后文“not the five rings of the Olympics”(不是奥运五环)可知，此处是指北京奥运会开幕前的最后几天，所以应用连词before表示“在……之前”引导时间状语从句。故填before。
7.(2022届北京中国人民大学附属中学高三三模) It doesn’t matter how skilled a designer is if they cannot build____12____they design. It is the common laborer and skilled tradesman that does that, and when it needs repair or rebuilding, it is the skilled tradesman that does that. Sure, today’s EV vehicles are great____13____the designer can’t assemble them or fix them.
12.【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果设计师不能构建他们设计的东西，那么他们的技术水平就无关紧要了。分析句子结构可知，“they design”是build的宾语，所以它是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以连接词应用what，故填what。
13.【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：当然，今天的电动汽车很棒，但设计者无法组装或修复它们。分析句子句意可知，前后两句是转折关系。故填but。
8. (2022届北京市十一学校高三年级三模) First, they like to live in waters where humans usually swim,____19____the chance of an encounter are much greater.
【答案】so
【解析】考查连词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。分析句意及句子结构可知，前后句子是并列关系，且存在因果关系，应用连词so连接两个句子，表示“所以，因此”。故填so。
9.(2022-2023学年浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟高三上学期9月返校联考) Many might not understand it, ____37____ test flights are no ordinary things in the life of a new aircraft model.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：许多人可能不理解这一点，但测试飞行在新飞机模型的生活中并不是一件平常的事情。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
10.（2023届江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟考试英语试题）“We’re hoping this can make a change ____64____ cause people to do more for the butterflies.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：我们希望这能带来改变，让人们为蝴蝶做更多的事情。此处连接两个并列谓语，应用连词and。故填and。
11.(甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断改错) The number of schools and hospitals available to people is also on the increase. So there are still some problems, such as frequent traffic jams and severe air pollution, which have a bad influence on people’s daily life.
【答案】So改为But
【解析】考查连词。句意：但仍有一些问题，如频繁的交通堵塞和严重的空气污染，这对人们的日常生活有不良影响。上文描述了城市发展变化，下文指处存在的问题，该句与上文句意是转折关系。故将So改为But。
12.（河北省衡水市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题） It’s common to see coffee art in modern society, ___44___ tea art is relatively little-known.
【答案】but/yet/while
【解析】 考查连词。句意：咖啡艺术在现代社会中很常见，而茶艺则相对鲜为人知。根据空前的“It’s common to see coffee art in modern society”和空后的“tea art is relatively little-known”可知，该空前后句为转折关系，因此用表转折的连词but/yet/while。故填but/yet/while。
13.(2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷) Stamp designer artist Feng Dazhong said stamp design is not only an artistic creation ___47___ bears a part of social responsibility and that as an artist, he is responsible to bravely assume（承担）this work. ．
【答案】but
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：邮票设计师 Feng Dazhong表示，邮票设计不仅仅是一种艺术创作，更是一种社会责任，作为一名艺术家，他有责任勇敢地承担这项工作。“not only...but (also)...”是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，其中also可以省略，因此空格处应填but。故填but。
14.(广东省东莞市东华高级中学2022-2023学年高三上学期模拟考试) In a deeper sense, the lost generation was “lost” ____38____ it found the conservative moral and social values of their parents to be irrelevant in a post-war world.
【答案】because
【解析】考查连词。句意：从更深层的意义上说，迷惘的一代人之所以“迷惘”，是因为他们发现父母的保守道德和社会价值观在战后世界中无关紧要。分析句子可知，横线后面句子是横线前面句子的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
15.__________ I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
【答案】While
【解析】考查状语从句和时态。前半句用while引导的让步状语从句，愿意用短语“be willing to”，帮助译为“help”，时态为一般现在时，译为“While I am willing to help”；后半句是主句主语是我，译为“I”，谓语有，译为“have”，宾语时间，译为“time”，可用的，时态为一般现在时，译为“available”修饰名词作后置定语，根据句意，后半句译为“I do not have much time available”，故整句翻译为While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.。
16.________I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】While/Though/Although
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我承认他的优点，但我也能看到他的缺点。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处引导让步状语从句，应用连接词while/though/although引导。故填While或Though或Although。
17.Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as________ he had done something very clever. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】if/though
【解析】考查方式状语从句。句意：杰克什么也没说，但老师对他笑了笑，好像他做了什么非常聪明的事。as if/as though引导方式状语从句，“仿佛……似的”，故答案为if/though。
18.Building a skyscraper in the 21st century is much easier________ it used to be. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】than
【解析】考查比较状语从句。句意：在21世纪建造一座摩天大楼要比过去容易得多。空前使用了比较级，空后为比较状语从句，所以空处填than，故填than。
19.The church was built ________there had once been a Roman temple. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：这座教堂建在曾经是一座罗马神庙的地方。分析句子可知，此处考查引导地点状语从句的连词，意为“在哪里”，故此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故填where。
20.It was ________ he didn’t get the position that he was disappointed. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】because
【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意：他之所以失望，是因为他没有得到这个职位。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because，此处是强调原因状语从句。故填because。重难点07 状语从句
连词是高考必考点，每年都保持在一至两个题目，命题形式除了语法填空外还在完形填空中进行考查，其考点主要句子之间的并列，转折，因果逻辑等。要求考生熟悉句型结构，准确判断句子之间的逻辑关系。状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果 等方面的关系。语法填空题型中，该部分是必考内容。状语从句的考查主要集中在条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句和结果状语从句等中。解决状语从句的关键是找出句子之间或从句与主句之间的逻辑关系.
1、语法填空对连词的考查判断原则：
一析→
↓
二定→
2、要注意是不是某些固定搭配。如；be about to do...when等，
3、状语从句在写作中也属于高端的语法点，因此， 在适当的情况下呈现状语从句的知识可以给文章增加得分点。
热点1 让步状语从句和时间状语从句
1．让步状语从句
(1)、although, though, while引导的让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet或still连用。
Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼很重要，但临睡前锻炼不是个好主意。
(2)、though与as引导的让步状语从句
though引导的让步状语从句置于句首时，从句可倒装也可用正常语序；而as意为“尽管”时，引导的让步状语从句用倒装结构，即as引导的从句一般置于主句之前，从句中的形容词、副词、名词或动词原形置于句首。若是单数名词前置时，要省略冠词。
Child as/though he was, he helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很大的忙。(名词)
Try as/though he might, he could not open the door.
不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。(动词)
(3)、“疑问词＋－ever”引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论……”。
However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
(4)、whether ... or ...引导的让步状语从句，意为“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。
2．时间状语从句
(1)、when指的是“某一具体时间”，可与延续性或非延续性动词连用，whenever“无论何时”；while“在……期间”，只与延续性动词连用；as表“一边……一边……”，强调主从句动作同时发生。
(2)、before/since引导时间状语从句的用法
①before作连词：It will/won't be＋一段时间＋before ...意为“过了多少时间才/没过多长时间就……”。before还可以作介词，意为“在……以前”。
②since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来”，从句一般表示动作的起点，用一般过去时；主句表示动作的延续情况，一般用现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。常用句型：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...。
Since he graduated from college, he has worked in this city.
自从大学毕业以来，他一直在这座城市工作。
It is five years since he lived here.
他不在这儿住已有五年了。
(3)、till, until, not ... until
①延续性动词(肯定式)＋until/till表示动作延续到某一时间为止。
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。
②非延续性动词/延续性动词(否定式)＋until/till表示“直到……才”。
He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。
(4)、其他用于引导时间状语从句的词或短语
①the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, directly, immediately, instantly等名词短语和副词可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
Directly I received his letter I went to see him.
我一收到他的信就去看他了。
②在hardly/scarcely ... when ...与no sooner ... than ...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
③every time, any time, the first time, by the time, each time等名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。
Every time I express an opinion, she always argues back.
每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
热点2 地点状语从句和条件状语从句
1．地点状语从句
where与wherever可引导地点状语从句。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将从昨天停止的地方开始，因此就不会遗漏任何要点。
2．条件状语从句的常见引导词：
if, unless (＝if ... not), so/as long as (只要), on condition that (条件是), only if (只有), provided that (如果), in case (万一，如果), suppose/supposing that (假设，如果), assuming that (假设)等。
My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy.
我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。
3．在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义；现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况；一般过去时表过去将来的含义。
热点3 其他状语从句
1．原因状语从句
原因状语从句可由because, as, since, now that (in that)等词引导。
(1)、because意为“因为”，表直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着妻子坐。
(2)、as (由于), since (既然), now that/in that (既然)，表双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as, since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。
Now that you have done that, stop blaming yourself.
既然你已经做了，就不要自责了。
2．目的状语从句
(1)、in order that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。从句的谓语常含有can, may, could, might等情态动词。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们早早地出发去山顶。
(2)、for fear that/in case
这两个连词引导的目的状语从句中的谓语常用“(should＋)动词原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he (should) forget it.
他把名字写下来以免忘了。
3．结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, so ... that, such ... that。其结构是：
(1)、so＋adj./adv.＋that从句
so＋adj.＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋that从句
so＋many/much/little(少)/few＋名词＋that从句
(2)、such＋a(n)＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that从句
such＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that从句
such＋a lot of/lots of＋名词＋that从句
(3)、主句＋so that从句
It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.
＝It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.
＝It was a cold day so that there was nobody in the street.
天气非常冷，街上一个人也没有。
4．方式状语从句
方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as (像……一样), as if/though (似乎，好像)等引导。
(1)、as引导方式状语从句，前面常可用just加强语气。
I did just as the teacher did.
我就像老师做的那样做了。
(2)、as if/as though引导方式状语从句时，常用虚拟语气。
She spoke English so well as if she had been to America.
她英语说得非常好，就好像她去过美国似的。
（限时30分钟）
1. （2022年新高考I卷）...After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ______ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. (用适当的词填空)
2. （2022年全国乙卷） The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ______ cultural exchanges. (用适当的词填空)
3.（2022年全国甲卷改错）The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.
4.（2022年全国乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges.
5．（2021年天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A．unless B．once C．whether D．because
6．（2021年天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
7. （2021年全国乙卷短文改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
8.（2021年浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
9.（2020年江苏卷）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that
10.（2020年全国I卷 改错）First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
11.(2020年浙江卷）It’s also that they are on average healthier ________ more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. （用适当的词填空）
12. （2020年全国III卷）________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. (用适当的词填空)
13. （2020年上海卷）One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years ________ it was first invented. （用适当的词填空）
14．(2019·天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
15．(2019·江苏高考)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ case they need medical assistance.
（限时30分钟）
1. (海南省琼海市嘉积中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考) The wares not only reflect the spread of bluish white porcelain-making technique, ____41____ also the social and economic development and commercial prosperity in the Song Dynasty.
2. (广西北海市2022-2023学年高三上学期9月联考适应性考试) The ocean plays an important part in the world. It offers us sufficient food but maintains the balance of the nature.
3. (北京市八一学校2022-2023学年高三暑期学习反馈英语试题) The weather is often changing, ___20___ we highly recommend you to take umbrellas and hats.
4. (衢州二中2022届高三英语第一次模拟考试) Fire has always been a part of life California. _____38_____a series of factors have combined to make recent blazes more damaging.
5. (2022届广西柳州高级中学高考模拟英语试题) In the final days ____42____ the Beijing Olympics began, it seemed as though the Chinese public might hardly even notice the competitions.
6. (2022届北京中国人民大学附属中学高三三模) It doesn’t matter how skilled a designer is if they cannot build____12____they design. It is the common laborer and skilled tradesman that does that, and when it needs repair or rebuilding, it is the skilled tradesman that does that. Sure, today’s EV vehicles are great____13____the designer can’t assemble them or fix them.
8. (2022届北京市十一学校高三年级三模) First, they like to live in waters where humans usually swim,____19____the chance of an encounter are much greater.
9.(2022-2023学年浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟高三上学期9月返校联考) Many might not understand it, ____37____ test flights are no ordinary things in the life of a new aircraft model.
10.（2023届江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟考试英语试题）“We’re hoping this can make a change ____64____ cause people to do more for the butterflies.
11. (甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断改错) The number of schools and hospitals available to people is also on the increase. So there are still some problems, such as frequent traffic jams and severe air pollution, which have a bad influence on people’s daily life.
12.（河北省衡水市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题） It’s common to see coffee art in modern society, ___44___ tea art is relatively little-known.
13.(2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷) Stamp designer artist Feng Dazhong said stamp design is not only an artistic creation ___47___ bears a part of social responsibility and that as an artist, he is responsible to bravely assume（承担）this work. ．
14.(广东省东莞市东华高级中学2022-2023学年高三上学期模拟考试) In a deeper sense, the lost generation was “lost” ____38____ it found the conservative moral and social values of their parents to be irrelevant in a post-war world.
15.__________ I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
16.________I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones. (用适当的词填空)
17.Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as________ he had done something very clever. （用适当的词填空）
18.Building a skyscraper in the 21st century is much easier________ it used to be. （用适当的词填空）
19.The church was built ________there had once been a Roman temple. (用适当的词填空)
20.It was ________ he didn’t get the position that he was disappointed. （用适当的词填空）
