外刊精读:
什么是 “路怒症”?
导读:
开车有时会让人紧张,尤其是遇到蛮不讲理、不守规则的司机时,可能会让人情绪失控,甚至大发雷霆。强行超车、跟车过近、言语粗鲁……你遇到过鲁莽的驾驶行为吗?造成司机之间大动肝火的主要原因有哪些?本文讨论 “路怒症”。
一、语篇泛读
We all know driving can be stressful. One minute you’re minding your own business and the next someone cuts you up. Maneuvers like that can be annoying and irritating, but for some of us, it can make us incandescent with rage. So what is road rage, and what things can cause it
Road rage, simply put, is a sudden burst of anger that motorists experience when they feel angered by something another driver, cyclist or pedestrian has done. Road rage can manifest itself in several ways, including verbal or physical threats, insults, and even dangerous driving. The drivers themselves may feel anxiety and stress, which can cause them to speed or swerve across the road. Experts like Leon James, a professor of traffic psychology at the University of Hawaii, US, warn that experiencing these moments, especially repeatedly, could be harmful to our health due to the number of stress hormones entering our bodies.
So, what can cause us to experience road rage Being tailgated, undertaken on a busy motorway, seeing someone swooping across several lanes, chatting on their phone, or hogging the middle lane in front of us are just some of the things that may stress us. And what about parking Someone stealing the space we wanted at the last second could tip us over the edge! Being aware of what can trigger these feelings of rage may be key to controlling it.
So what can we do to keep relaxed Try driving in a good mood, and if you see a traffic jam, just remember that they can’t be avoided. And try leaving a little earlier in future. Also, if you see someone who is really angry, try not to maintain eye contact, and don’t get out of the car to confront them. And if you feel stressed and anxious, try pulling over somewhere and resting while you calm down.
So the next time you feel stressed while driving, just remember road rage can happen to anyone – and relaxing a bit when you feel that way may not just make it safer for you, but for others too.
词汇表
cut someone up 超车抢到某人前面
maneuver 开车动作
incandescent with rage 大发雷霆,怒不可遏
motorist 开车的人,司机
manifest 显现
dangerous driving 危险驾驶
speed (开车)超速
swerve (开车)急转弯
tailgate 紧随(前车)行驶,跟车太近
undertake 强行超车
motorway 高速公路
swoop 猛地开过
lane 车道
hogging 占路
parking 停车,驻车
space 车位
tip someone over the edge 把某人逼疯
trigger 触发,诱发
traffic jam 交通堵塞
confront 与…当面对质
pull over 停车
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What is road rage
2. How can road rage manifest itself
3. Why can road rage be harmful to our bodies
4. What can cause road rage
5. What can we do to avoid road rage
选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. One more question and it might tip her _______ the edge.
over up
on off
2. Reduce your speed and stop _______ the car in front.
hogging incandescent
tailgating swerving
3. He was cautioned for _______ on the road.
speeding motorist
motorway space
4. Oh, no! There’s a traffic _______. I’ll never get to work on time now!
plan ham
spam jam
5. Stop _______ the middle lane if you’re going to drive that slowly!
lane speeding
hogging swooping
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What is road rage
Road rage, simply put, is a sudden burst of anger that motorists experience when they feel angered by something another driver, cyclist or pedestrian has done.
2. How can road rage manifest itself
Road rage can manifest itself in several ways, including verbal or physical threats, insults, and even dangerous driving.
3. Why can road rage be harmful to our bodies
Experiencing these stressful moments, especially repeatedly, could be harmful to our health due to the number of stress hormones entering our bodies.
4. What can cause road rage
Being tailgated, undertaken on a busy motorway, seeing someone swooping across several lanes, chatting on their phone, or hogging the middle lane in front of us are just some of the things that may stress us.
5. What can we do to avoid road rage
There are several things we can do involving remembering problems are inevitable, relaxing when we feel stressed and avoiding conflict.
选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. One more question and it might tip her over the edge.
2. Reduce your speed and stop tailgating the car in front.
3. He was cautioned for speeding on the road.
4. Oh, no! There’s a traffic jam. I’ll never get to work on time now!
5. Stop hogging the middle lane if you’re going to drive that slowly!
做手工有哪些好处?
导读:
织毛衣、画画、做木工……亲手制作工艺品很有满足感。不少人都以做手工为业余爱好,一方面可以锻炼动手能力、激发创造力并增添生活乐趣,另一方面也可以改善心理健康。本文探讨做手工有哪些好处。
一、语篇泛读
Are you good with your hands Many of us like to make things which we can use or give as gifts. Crafting is certainly a hobby that’s seen a resurgence, and those who pursue it claim getting creative improves their mood.
The recent lockdowns caused by the Covid pandemic gave people time at home to try out new activities, which they’ve continued to enjoy. Many turned to hobbies such as craft making as a way to soothe their work-from-home burnout. Knitting, crocheting, pottery and painting are all crafts that have seen a revival, and many of them are being done by younger people.
But even before the pandemic, people were turning to arts and crafts as an interesting pastime and even a way to make a bit of pocket money. Numerous websites, such as Etsy and Folksy, allowed people to sell their handmade goods. Richard Sennett, author of the Craftsman, told the BBC that: “A lot of people are finding their day jobs pretty empty, whereas learning a craft provides a real satisfaction. It’s a skill – things like carpentry and weaving are mentally and physically stimulating, and people get inherent pleasure out of that kind of work”.
The internet has also been the place to turn to buy craft kits which help you get started with your craft-making projects, such as candle making or macramé. But many people are enjoying designing and making things from scratch and are doing it just for pleasure or to occupy their minds – and there’s evidence that it’s good for us as well. According to research commissioned by BBC Arts, even the briefest time spent on a creative pastime such as painting, pottery or playing the piano, has an impact on our wellbeing and emotions. The survey of around 50,000 people found being creative can help avoid stress, free up mind space and improve self-development, which helps build self-esteem.
So, if you’re looking for the perfect tonic for your stressed-out life, maybe now’s the time to get creative.
二、词汇表
good with your hands 手巧
crafting 手工制作
hobby 兴趣爱好
creative 创造性的,创意的
craft making 做手工
knitting 针织
crocheting 钩织
pottery 陶艺
painting 绘画
revival 再度流行
arts and crafts 美术与工艺
pastime 消遣活动
handmade 手工制作的
satisfaction 满足感
carpentry 木匠活,木工
weaving 编织
craft kit 工艺套装
candle making 制作蜡烛
macramé 编绳,编结
from scratch 从零开始
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. Name a craft that has seen a revival.
2. Which two activities, according to Richard Sennett, are mentally and physically stimulating
3. According to a BBC survey, what is doing craft good for
4. Why have people recently had more time to pursue craft activities
5. What might you make if you sell your homemade products on a website
选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. I find photography a very _______ pastime.
crafting revival
creative satisfaction
2. I’m _______ a jumper for my mum – I hope she likes it!
painting pottery
weaving knitting
3. My home-made sculpture was awful, so I’m going to make it again _______.
from scratched from scratch
from scratching from scratches
4. I’m studying _______ at an evening class because I want to make a wooden chair for our kitchen.
weaving carpentry
pottery crocheting
5. My granddad was so _______, he could make almost anything in his workshop.
good with his hands
good of his hands
good with hand
good hands
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. Name a craft that has seen a revival.
Knitting, crocheting, pottery and painting are all crafts that have seen a revival.
2. Which two activities, according to Richard Sennett, are mentally and physically stimulating
Things like carpentry and weaving are mentally and physically stimulating.
3. According to a BBC survey, what is doing craft good for
The BBC Arts survey found that even the briefest time spent on a creative pastime such as painting, pottery or playing the piano, has an impact on our wellbeing and emotions.
4. Why have people recently had more time to pursue craft activities
The recent lockdowns caused by the Covid pandemic gave people time at home to try out new activities.
5. What might you make if you sell your homemade products on a website
Selling your crafts on a website might make you a bit of pocket money.
选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. I find photography a very creative pastime.
2. I’m knitting a jumper for my mum – I hope she likes it!
3. My home-made sculpture was awful, so I’m going to make it again from scratch.
4. I’m studying carpentry at an evening class because I want to make a wooden chair for our kitchen.
5. My granddad was so good with his hands; he could make almost anything in his workshop.
我们为什么要洗澡?
导读:
保持良好的个人卫生非常重要,洗澡则是清洁身体的最佳方式之一。不过,多久洗一次澡最合适?热水澡和冷水澡哪个更好?洗澡对健康有哪些好处?本文围绕洗澡这件日常必做之事展开讨论。
一、语篇泛读
Bath or shower How do you prefer to keep yourself clean Whatever your daily ablutions, we know it’s important to have good personal hygiene. Nobody wants to smell, and nobody wants to catch your odor! A shower can bring you certain other benefits, but how often should we wash ourselves under a watery spray
Although you might think taking a daily shower should be part of your cleaning ritual, there’s no hard and fast rule, although dermatologists agree that as a society, we shower too often. In fact, too much washing can deplete the vital oils in our skin. It can waste water as well. However, if you have a fitness regime that causes you to sweat, a more regular sprinkle of water is recommended to stop you ponging!
How often you shower is, of course, a personal choice. There’s nothing better than a hot, soapy scrub under the shower, and this doesn’t just have to be to clean you. Some people enjoy a shower to help them relax, warm up or to soothe any aches and pains. It’s also a good opportunity to wash your hair at the same time. Again, though, experts say we shouldn’t shower too often because, like your skin, your hair contains essential oils that you don’t want to lose through excessive scrubbing.
If the idea of a hot, steaming shower appeals, how about a freezing cold one instead This might be a necessity if your boiler has broken, but some people choose this option because it has many health benefits, some experts claim. There is increasing evidence that braving an icy shower in the morning could keep illness at bay and may even help your brain stay sharp. A BBC podcast called Just One Thing with Michael Mosley, found the shock of being doused with cold water could have a positive impact on your body and brain.
The thought of a cold shower might not make you jump out of bed in the morning, but whatever the temperature, a splash of water will wake you up and make you feel and smell great!
二、词汇表
bath 泡澡
shower 淋浴
ablutions (幽默说法)沐浴
personal hygiene 个人卫生
odor (难闻的)气味
wash 洗(澡)
ritual 必做之事,惯例
dermatologist 皮肤科医生
deplete 消耗
vital oil 必不可少的油分
fitness regime 健身计划
sweat 出汗
pong 散发难闻的气味
soapy 涂满肥皂的
aches and pains 身体疼痛
scrub 擦洗
steaming 热气腾腾的
freezing cold 寒冷彻骨的
health benefit 健康效益,有益健康
brave 勇敢地做
keep something at bay 预防,防止(不快的事情发生)
douse 泼,溅
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What might help to keep your brain sharp
2. When might it be a good idea to shower more regularly
3. Other than getting clean, what other reasons are there for having a shower
4. True or false Experts say you should take a shower every day.
5. Why shouldn’t we wash our hair too often
选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. Buying a coffee on the way to work is part of my morning _______.
ablution ritual
odour deplete
2. After much _______, I managed to get the paint off my trousers.
ponging dousing
scrubbing braving
3. I’m hoping a cup of honey and lemon will help keep my cold _______.
in bay at bay
at bays on bay
4. The firefighter _______ the flames with water.
depleted washed
steamed doused
5. Even though the sea was _______, we had a refreshing swim.
freezing cold freeze cold
cold freeze frozen cold
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What might help to keep your brain sharp
Having a cold shower is thought to help keep your brain sharp.
2. When might it be a good idea to shower more regularly
If you have a fitness regime and sweat a lot.
3. Other than getting clean, what other reasons are there for having a shower
Some people enjoy a shower to help them relax, warm up or to soothe any aches and pains.
4. True or false Experts say you should take a shower every day.
False. Not necessarily – there are no hard and fast rules.
5. Why shouldn’t we wash our hair too often
Your hair contains essential oils which you could wash out through excessive washing.
选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. Buying a coffee on the way to work is part of my morning ritual.
2. After much scrubbing, I managed to get the paint off my trousers.
3. I’m hoping a cup of honey and lemon will help keep my cold at bay.
4. The firefighter doused the flames with water.
5. Even though the sea was freezing cold, we had a refreshing swim.