译林版初二英语上册 Unit 5 单元话题阅读理解练习（word版，含解析）
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Unit 5 Wild animals
单元话题阅读理解练习
（2022·江苏·镇江市外国语学校八年级单元测试）In the past 300 years, more than 130 kinds of animals have become extinct. One of these extinct kinds is the passenger pigeon (旅鸽). At one time there were millions of these birds in North America, but now there are none. The last one died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. Another extinct animal is the cape lion（西非狮）. The animal has been extinct since 1860. What causes animals to become extinct Too much hunting is one cause; pollution is another. Governments around the world have begun to protect wild animals in danger. In the United States, the US Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for（承担义务）endangered animals. It has listed nearly 200 kinds of endangered animals in North America.
1．The underlined word “extinct” in the first sentence probably means “_______”.
A．ill B．dying out C．becoming D．changing
2．There were many cape lions in North America _______.
A．last century B．in the twentieth century
C．more than two hundred years ago D．in 1914
3．_______ isn’t the reason for the extinction of wild animals in North America.
A．Pollution B．Too much killing
C．Too much hunting D．The war
4．There are _______ kinds of wild animals in danger listed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
A．less than 130 B．less than 200 C．over 200 D．nearly 300
5．The best title of this passage should be “_______”.
A．A Sad Story B．Endangered Animals in North America
C．Wild Animals D．The US Fish and Wildlife Service
（2022·江苏·扬州市梅岭中学八年级期末）
The elephant is another animal that lives in groups. An elephant group usually has from twenty to forty members. The elephants in the group help each other when in trouble.
The leader of the group is usually a wise and strong female(雌性 ). She travels at the head of the group and the other females and their young follow her. The bull elephants(公象) follow last. When danger comes, the bulls make a circle around the weaker animals
and protect them. The members of the group are friendly to each other. The group will not leave the sick elephants to die. If an elephant is sick, the whole group stops travelling until it gets well. When an elephant is hurt, two others walk on both sides of it and support it with their bodies. A member of the group may be in a trap(陷井). Then the others try to free it.
Elephants give the young special care. They help young animals swim when crossing a river because the young can’t swim well. They work together to save a calf that has walked into a dangerous place.
A female elephant that is going to give birth to her young leaves the group for a short time. However, she takes another female along to act as “aunt”. The aunt helps the mother with her new-born calf. In this way, the whole group protects its newest member.
6．What is a baby elephant called
A．A calf. B．A group. C．An “aunt”. D．A bull.
7．In time of danger, the bull elephants make a circle around .
A．the enemies (敌人) B．the females C．the weaker animals D．the leader of the group
8．Why does a female elephant take along an “aunt” when she gives birth
A．The aunt teaches the baby elephant to swim.
B．The aunt takes away the baby elephant to the group.
C．The aunt is the only one that will go with the mother.
D．The aunt tries to protect the female elephant and her baby.
9．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Baby elephants can swim well.
B．The group will leave the sick elephants to die
C．Other elephants always try to free the one in the trap.
D．Most elephant groups have over a hundred members.
（2022·江苏·常州市第二十四中学八年级单元测试）It is people who make many of the problem that animals face.We change and pollute their habitats. We hunt them for skins,furs,and horns. We kill animals that get in the way of farming or building. And we drive them away from their natural habitats and take them home as pets.
What can you do to help endangered animals Learn as much as you can about them.The more you know,the more you can help.Try your best to support zoos and wildlife group.Manyzoos keep endangered animals,helping to make sure that they can live on.Work with wildlife protection groups that work hard to protect animals.You can also be a smart shopper and never buy a pet that has grown up in the wild。
The world is made up of many living things,and each thing is dependent on the others to live on.If we make even one species on Earth become extinct, it will influence other living things and change our world.When we talk about any endangered wild animals,Let’s hope we never again have to say,”Gone forever.”
10．What’s the first paragraph mainly about
A．The importance of animals B．The lifestyle of animals.
C．What people do to animal D．Animal in the world
11．To help endangered animals,we should do all of the follow EXCEPT________.
A．Get information about animals B．support zoos and wildlife groups
C．send money to wildlife protection groups D．raise wild animals as pets
12．What do many zoos do
A．Make sure that animals can live on
B．Collect money for wildlife protection group
C．Search for endangered animals
D．Raise animals in the wild
13．The underline phrase”become extinct” means_________.
A．appear B．disappear C．leave D．grow
14．The last sentence of the passage tells us that____________.
A．many wild animals are endangered
B．we don’t care very much for endangeredanimals
C．we should save endangered animals
D．endangered animals will be gone forever
（2020·江苏·泰兴市洋思中学八年级期中）There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs(瓢虫) in the world. They come in many different colours like blue, yellow, white, orange and black.
In many cultures, people think ladybugs can bring good luck. Most people like them because they are beautiful and not bad for people’s health. But farmers love them because they eat plant-eating insects. One ladybug can eat up to 5,000 small insects in its lifetime!
Ladybugs are colourful for a reason. Their colours tell other animals, “Eat something else! I taste terrible.”
Ladybugs are happy in many different habitats, such as forests, cities and along rivers. Ladybugs like to keep warm. When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to hibernate (冬眠), such as inside houses.
Here are some other facts about ladybugs:
● Though most ladybugs eat small insects, a few kinds eat plants.
● Ladybugs will clean themselves after a meal.
● There are more than 400 kinds of ladybugs in North America.
15．How many kinds of ladybugs live in the world
A．About 80. B．About 400. C．About 1,000. D．About 5,000.
16．Why do farmers love ladybugs
A．Because they aren’t bad for people’s health. B．Because they eat plant-eating insects.
C．Because they never eat plants. D．Because they are beautiful.
17．What does the underlined word “habitats” mean in Chinese
A．季节 B．气候 C．沼泽地 D．栖息地
18．Ladybugs like to stay somewhere _________.
A．dry B．warm C．quiet D．tidy
19．Where can we probably ( 很可能) read the passage
A．In a magazine. B．On a menu. C．In a guide book. D．In a sports newspaper
（2022·江苏苏州·八年级阶段练习）The elephant is the largest of all animals that live on land. An elephant's trunk(象鼻)is rather like an arm and a hand. It is used to pick up and pull things in its mouth. It is also used to pull up trees when the elephant wants to make path (道路)through the forests.
The African elephant is usually larger than the Indian elephant. It often stands 10 or 11 feet high, and weighs over 6 tons(吨).Both males and females grow trunks. But only male Indian elephants have tusks.
The elephant lives mostly on grass, leaves and fruits. It has been easy for men to train elephants. They are used to carry heavy things. Elephants can live for about fifty years or more.
20．Elephants are .
A．not found in the forests
B．only found in Africa
C．larger than any other animal on land
D．the largest animal in the world
21．Elephants use their .
A．trunks to do things as men use their hands to
B．trunks to pull up trees only when they want to make paths through the woods
C．tusks to do what men use their hands to
D．tusks to eat up trees
22．Which of the following is NOT right
A．Female Indian elephants have tusks.
B．All African elephants have trunks.
C．The Indian elephant is usually smaller than the African elephant.
D．The African elephant usually weighs more than 6,000 kilograms.
23．The food for the elephant is .
A．grass B．leaves
C．fruits D．all of the above
24．From the text we know .
A．an elephant is very clever and a good friend of men's
B．we can hunt elephants as we like
C．we should not train the elephant
D．there are elephants everywhere in the world
（2022·江苏·扬州中学八年级单元测试）Elephants are the largest living animals on land. For a long time, they are very helpful. They carry big trees, take people from place to place, and are even used as "living tanks(坦克) " in wars(战争). People work with elephants for ages, but they do not know elephants well enough. People don't think it's easy to hurt an elephant because its skin is thick and hard In fact, that's wrong. Sometimes, even though(即使)its skin is thick-up to 2.5 cm, a needle(针)can also be very dangerous for the elephant.
People say elephants are afraid of mice. This is wrong, too. In fact, elephants have very poor eyesight(视力)，so they usually cannot see a mouse even if one comes very close to them. If a person has a good memory, people will say that he has an e1ephant memory. But up to now, no study shows that elephants have a better memory than other animals.
People also believe that when it is time for elephants to die, they will hide themselves in a so-called所谓的)" elephant graveyard(墓地)" Often, hunters try to find such places to get ivories(象牙)，but few people really find places like that. In fact, when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves(洞穴)until they get better or die.
25．According to the passage, elephants don't .
A．carry heavy trees
B．help people build houses
C．carry people to different places
D．help people fight in the war
26．Which of the following is true about elephants
A．Elephants are afraid of mice.
B．Elephants have very poor memory.
C．Elephants cannot see very clearly.
D．Elephants never go to caves.
27．What elephants will do when they get sick
A．They will go to see a doctor.
B．They will ask other animals for help.
C．They will ask humans for help.
D．They will stay in deep caves by themselves.
28．What is the main idea of 'this article
A．Some of our ideas about elephants are not correct.
B．Different countries have different elephants.
C．Elephants are the world's biggest living land animals.
D．Elephants are man's best friends.
（2020·江苏·仪征市第三中学八年级）India is the home of tigers. Every year，many people are killed by tigers. Tiger，however, does not always eat men. It likes wild animals better. It is only when the tiger is old or wounded that it eats men. But once it has tasted the flesh of men, it goes on killing men for food. When a man-eater such as this is discovered, people are much afraid and they have to stop working in the fields. There are many ways to put an end to such dangerous animals. One way is that some men with long guns sit on elephants while other men drive the tiger towards them. Another way is for a hunter to sit on a tree near the place where a tiger has eaten somebody. If the tiger returns for another meal, the hunter will kill it in the hiding place. A goat may be tied to the tree for the tiger to kill. The most dangerous way is to hunt a tiger on foot, but the man must be brave and can shoot well or he would be killed by the tiger.
29．The tiger doesn’t eat men except when it is______.
A．in the forest B．very young
C．caught D．old or wounded
30．Once a tiger has tasted the flesh of men,_________.
A．it no longer wants to eat men
B．it seems to be fond of eating men
C．it eats no other wild animals
D．it becomes afraid of men
31．The underlined phrase “put an end to” in the passage means “______”
A．look after B．keep away C．kill D．keep
32．The most dangerous way to hunt a tiger is _____.
A．to hide in a tree B．to sit on elephants
C．to go after the animal on foot D．to tie a goat to the tree
33．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．Tigers eat many people in India each year.
B．Sometimes people may tie a goat to a tree to kill a tiger.
C．Tigers like eating elephants better than eating other animals.
D．When a dangerous tiger is discovered (发现），people dare (敢）not work in the field.
（2021·江苏·启东市长江中学八年级阶段练习）In nature, you may see many insects and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼). When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.
Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar (类似的) to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil (土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.
Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts The ink fish (墨鱼) in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (散开) , its enemies (敌人) will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.
34．It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because ________.
A．locusts are good runners B．locusts can jump very high
C．locusts are smarter than birds D．locusts can change their color
35．According to the passage, most soil insects ________.
A．do not have bright colors B．change their colors with the soil
C．do not live in a dark and wet environment D．eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees
36．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in the passage
A．繁殖 B．产卵 C．觅食 D．生存
37．The ink fish ________ so that its enemies will not see it.
A．changes its color B．makes the water around it black
C．appears only at night D．hides itself in the sea rocks
38．What is the main ideas of this passage
A．Some insects and animals have different skills.
B．Some insects and animals are clever than we think.
C．Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.
D．Some insects and animals can get used to (习惯) the environment easily.
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．D
4．B
5．B
【分析】这篇文章介绍在北美，很多野生动物已经灭绝了，并提到了野生动物灭绝的原因以及政府采取的措施。
1．词义猜测题。根据“In the past 300 years, more than 130 kinds of animals have become extinct.”可知，在过去的300年里，有130多种动物灭绝了，所以extinct的意思是“灭绝”，与dying out语意相同，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Another extinct animal is the cape lion（西非狮）. The animal has been extinct since 1860.”可知，另一种灭绝的动物是西非狮，这种动物自1860年以来就灭绝了，距离现在有两百多年，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Too much hunting is one cause; pollution is another.”可知，狩猎过多和污染是动物灭绝的主要原因，没有提到战争，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“It has listed nearly 200 kinds of endangered animals in North America.”可知，它列出了北美近200种濒危动物，故选B。
5．最佳标题题。本文介绍在北美，很多野生动物已经灭绝了，并提到了野生动物灭绝的原因以及政府采取的措施。选项B“北美濒危动物”符合主题，故选B。
6．A
7．C
8．D
9．C
【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了象群里的大象在遇到困难时互相帮助的情况。
6．题意：小象叫什么 考查细节理解题。根据The aunt helps the mother with her new-born calf.“阿姨”帮助象妈妈带着她刚出生的幼崽，可知选A。
7．题意：在危险的时候，公象会围着弱小的动物转一圈。考查细节理解题。根据When danger comes, the bulls make a circle around the weaker animals当危险来临公象会围着弱小的动物转一圈，可知选C。
8．题意：为什么母象生孩子时要带上“阿姨” 考查细节理解题。A. The aunt teaches the baby elephant to swim. 阿姨教小象游泳。B. The aunt takes away the baby elephant to the group. 阿姨把小象带到象群里。C. The aunt is the only one that will go with the mother. 阿姨是唯一和妈妈一起去的人。D. The aunt tries to protect the female elephant and her baby.阿姨试图保护母象和她的孩子。根据The aunt helps the mother with her new-born calf. In this way, the whole group protects its newest member.“阿姨”帮助象妈妈带着她刚出生的幼崽以保护象群的新成员，可知选D。
9．题意：下列哪项是正确的 考查细节理解题。A. Baby elephants can swim well. 小象游泳游得很好；B. The group will leave the sick elephants to die这个团体将让生病的大象等死；C. Other elephants always try to free the one in the trap. 其他的大象总是试图释放陷阱中的那一只；D. Most elephant groups have over a hundred members.大多数大象群有一百多名成员。根据A member of the group may be in a trap. Then the others try to free it. 团队中的一个成员可能会陷入陷阱，然后其他的大象尝试释放它，可知C项说法正确，故选C。
10．C
11．D
12．A
13．B
14．C
【分析】本文介绍了人们给野生动物带来很多问题。我们应了解它们，保护它们。如果我们让一个物种消失了，这会影响其他生物，而且会改变我们的世界。
10．C
概括归纳题。根据It is people who make many of the problem that animals face.We change and pollute their habitats.可知第一段主要介绍了人们对动物所做的事，故选C。
11．D
细节理解题。根据Learn as much as you can about them.“尽可能多了解动物”故排除A项；Try your best to support zoos and wildlife group.“支持动物园和野生动物组织”，故排除B项；根据Work with wildlife protection groups that work hard to protect animals.“和野生动物保护组织一起工作来保护动物”，故C项的给野生动物组织送钱，帮助保护野生动物，应排除；根据You can also be a smart shopper and never buy a pet that has grown up in the wild。可知我们不应该买野生动物做宠物，故选D。
12．A
细节理解题。根据Many zoos keep endangered animals, helping to make sure that they can live on.可知许多动物园饲养濒临灭绝的动物，以确保它们能继续生存。故选A。
13．B
词义猜测题。根据When we talk about any endangered wild animals,Let’s hope we never again have to say,”Gone forever.”可知此处表示某种动物消失了，故选B。
14．C
推理判断题。根据If we make even one species on Earth become extinct, it will influence other living things and change our world.可知如果我们让一个物种消失了，这会影响其他生物，而且会改变我们的世界，因此我们应挽救濒危动物，故选C。
【点睛】认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题3，根据Many zoos keep endangered animals, helping to make sure that they can live on.可知许多动物园饲养濒临灭绝的动物，以确保它们能继续生存。故选A。
15．D
16．B
17．D
18．B
19．A
【分析】这是一篇介绍瓢虫的科普类文章。介绍了瓢虫的种类，人们喜欢它们的原因以及它们的生活习性。
15．细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs(瓢虫 ) in the world.”可知，世界上大约有5000种不同的瓢虫。故答案为D。
16．细节理解题。根据文中句子“But farmers love them because they eat plant-eating insects.”可知， 农民喜欢它们，因为它们吃以植物为食的昆虫。故答案为B。
17．词义猜测题。根据文中句子“such as forests, cities and along rivers.” 例如森林、城市和河流。这些都是瓢虫的栖息地，故答案为D。
18．细节理解题。根据文中句子“When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to hibernate (冬眠),”可知，瓢虫喜欢呆在暖和的地方。故答案为B。
19．推理判断题。这是一篇介绍瓢虫的科普类文章。介绍了瓢虫的种类，人们喜欢它们的原因以及它们的生活习性。最有可能是一篇杂志中的文章，故答案为A。
【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 (2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易。 (3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but, or, however, so, because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。如第3小题的词义猜测题就是利用第2种解题方法，通过后面的列举得到答案。
20．C
21．A
22．A
23．D
24．A
【分析】本文介绍了大象是陆地上最大的动物。介绍了大象的象鼻的作用，非洲象与印度象的不同之处。以及大象的食物。
20．细节理解题。由句子“The elephant is the largest of all animals that live on land．”可知，大象是陆地上所有动物中最大的。故选C。
21．细节理解题。由句子“An elephant's trunk（象鼻）is rather like an arm and a hand．”可知，大象的鼻子更像是一只胳膊和手。故选A。
22．推理判断题。由句子“But only male Indian elephants have tusks． ”可知，但只有雄性印度象才有象牙。与选项A: Female Indian elephants have tusks．雌性印度象有象牙。矛盾。故选A。
23．细节理解题。由句子“The elephant lives mostly on grass，leaves and fruits．”可知，大象的食物以草、树叶和水果为主。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。由句子“It has been easy for men to train elephants．They are used to carry heavy things．”人类训练大象很容易，它们是用来搬运重物的。可知大象容易训练，是因为它们聪明，能帮助人们来搬运重物，因此是人类的朋友。故选A。
25．B
26．C
27．D
28．A
【分析】解析：大象是陆地上最大的动物，它们非常乐于助人，一些人认为大象是不容易受伤的，因为它的皮肤厚而硬，其实这是错误的．有人说大象怕老鼠．这是错误的，事实上，大象的视力很差，当大象老了或生病了，他们会呆在深的秘密洞穴直至好转或死亡．
25．解析：由短文中的They carry big trees,take people from place to place,and are even used as "living tanks"可推断大象不会帮助人们盖房子，所以答案选：B。
26．解析：通读全文可知A、B、D是错误的，由短文中的In fact ,elephants have very poor eyesight可知答案选C。
27．解析：由短文中的when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves(洞穴)until they get better or die.可知答案选D。
28．解析：通读全文可知本文介绍了大象的作用、生活习性来说明人们对大象的错误认识，所以答案选：A。
29．D
30．B
31．C
32．C
33．C
【分析】解析：本文主要讲述了印度是老虎的国度，但是老虎给人类带来了危险，文中讲述了3中杀死老虎的方法。
29．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子It is only when the tiger is old or wounded that it eats men“只有当老虎年老或受伤时，它才会吃人”，可知正确答案为D。
30．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子But once it has tasted the flesh of men, it goes on killing men for food.“一旦老虎尝到了人类的肉，它会继续杀戮人类作为食物”，可知正确答案为B。
31．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子There are many ways to put an end to such dangerous animals“有许多种方法去结束这种危险的动物”，If the tiger returns for another meal, the hunter will kill it in the hiding place“如果老虎回来再吃一顿，猎人会在藏身之处杀死它”，可知“put an end to”意为“杀死”，故正确答案为C。
32．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子The most dangerous way is to hunt a tiger on foot“最危险的方法是徒步猎取一只老虎”，可知正确答案为C。
33．解析：理解归纳题。A. Tigers eat many people in India each year.“在印度老虎每年吃掉许多人”。B. Sometimes people may tie a goat to a tree to kill a tiger.“有时人们会把山羊拴在一只树上杀死一只老虎”。C. Tigers like eating elephants better than eating other animals.“老虎比吃其它动物更喜欢吃大象”。D. When a dangerous tiger is discovered (发现），people dare (敢）not work in the field.“当发现危险的老虎时，人们不敢在田地里工作”。根据文章的理解，我们可知只有C选项是文中没有提到的，故正确答案为C。
34．D
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．C
【导语】这篇短文中作者主要介绍了一些动物如何利用颜色来保护自己的方式。
34．细节理解题。根据原文“Have you ever wondered why locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them … The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼)”及下文描述可知，鸟类不容易捉住蝗虫是因为它们能够随着庄稼而改变它们自身的颜色。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据原文“Soil (土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment”可知，生活在土壤里面的昆虫没有明亮的颜色。故选A。
36．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night”可知，为了生存，它们白天躲起来，只在晚上出现。此处的survive与“生存”最接近。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据原文“The ink fish (墨鱼) in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger”可知，墨鱼能够喷出一种墨水，让它周围水的颜色变黑来保护自己。故选B。
38．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些动物依靠自身颜色来保护自己的生存方式。故选C。
单元话题阅读理解练习
（2022·江苏·镇江市外国语学校八年级单元测试）In the past 300 years, more than 130 kinds of animals have become extinct. One of these extinct kinds is the passenger pigeon (旅鸽). At one time there were millions of these birds in North America, but now there are none. The last one died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. Another extinct animal is the cape lion（西非狮）. The animal has been extinct since 1860. What causes animals to become extinct Too much hunting is one cause; pollution is another. Governments around the world have begun to protect wild animals in danger. In the United States, the US Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for（承担义务）endangered animals. It has listed nearly 200 kinds of endangered animals in North America.
1．The underlined word “extinct” in the first sentence probably means “_______”.
A．ill B．dying out C．becoming D．changing
2．There were many cape lions in North America _______.
A．last century B．in the twentieth century
C．more than two hundred years ago D．in 1914
3．_______ isn’t the reason for the extinction of wild animals in North America.
A．Pollution B．Too much killing
C．Too much hunting D．The war
4．There are _______ kinds of wild animals in danger listed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
A．less than 130 B．less than 200 C．over 200 D．nearly 300
5．The best title of this passage should be “_______”.
A．A Sad Story B．Endangered Animals in North America
C．Wild Animals D．The US Fish and Wildlife Service
（2022·江苏·扬州市梅岭中学八年级期末）
The elephant is another animal that lives in groups. An elephant group usually has from twenty to forty members. The elephants in the group help each other when in trouble.
The leader of the group is usually a wise and strong female(雌性 ). She travels at the head of the group and the other females and their young follow her. The bull elephants(公象) follow last. When danger comes, the bulls make a circle around the weaker animals
and protect them. The members of the group are friendly to each other. The group will not leave the sick elephants to die. If an elephant is sick, the whole group stops travelling until it gets well. When an elephant is hurt, two others walk on both sides of it and support it with their bodies. A member of the group may be in a trap(陷井). Then the others try to free it.
Elephants give the young special care. They help young animals swim when crossing a river because the young can’t swim well. They work together to save a calf that has walked into a dangerous place.
A female elephant that is going to give birth to her young leaves the group for a short time. However, she takes another female along to act as “aunt”. The aunt helps the mother with her new-born calf. In this way, the whole group protects its newest member.
6．What is a baby elephant called
A．A calf. B．A group. C．An “aunt”. D．A bull.
7．In time of danger, the bull elephants make a circle around .
A．the enemies (敌人) B．the females C．the weaker animals D．the leader of the group
8．Why does a female elephant take along an “aunt” when she gives birth
A．The aunt teaches the baby elephant to swim.
B．The aunt takes away the baby elephant to the group.
C．The aunt is the only one that will go with the mother.
D．The aunt tries to protect the female elephant and her baby.
9．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Baby elephants can swim well.
B．The group will leave the sick elephants to die
C．Other elephants always try to free the one in the trap.
D．Most elephant groups have over a hundred members.
（2022·江苏·常州市第二十四中学八年级单元测试）It is people who make many of the problem that animals face.We change and pollute their habitats. We hunt them for skins,furs,and horns. We kill animals that get in the way of farming or building. And we drive them away from their natural habitats and take them home as pets.
What can you do to help endangered animals Learn as much as you can about them.The more you know,the more you can help.Try your best to support zoos and wildlife group.Manyzoos keep endangered animals,helping to make sure that they can live on.Work with wildlife protection groups that work hard to protect animals.You can also be a smart shopper and never buy a pet that has grown up in the wild。
The world is made up of many living things,and each thing is dependent on the others to live on.If we make even one species on Earth become extinct, it will influence other living things and change our world.When we talk about any endangered wild animals,Let’s hope we never again have to say,”Gone forever.”
10．What’s the first paragraph mainly about
A．The importance of animals B．The lifestyle of animals.
C．What people do to animal D．Animal in the world
11．To help endangered animals,we should do all of the follow EXCEPT________.
A．Get information about animals B．support zoos and wildlife groups
C．send money to wildlife protection groups D．raise wild animals as pets
12．What do many zoos do
A．Make sure that animals can live on
B．Collect money for wildlife protection group
C．Search for endangered animals
D．Raise animals in the wild
13．The underline phrase”become extinct” means_________.
A．appear B．disappear C．leave D．grow
14．The last sentence of the passage tells us that____________.
A．many wild animals are endangered
B．we don’t care very much for endangeredanimals
C．we should save endangered animals
D．endangered animals will be gone forever
（2020·江苏·泰兴市洋思中学八年级期中）There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs(瓢虫) in the world. They come in many different colours like blue, yellow, white, orange and black.
In many cultures, people think ladybugs can bring good luck. Most people like them because they are beautiful and not bad for people’s health. But farmers love them because they eat plant-eating insects. One ladybug can eat up to 5,000 small insects in its lifetime!
Ladybugs are colourful for a reason. Their colours tell other animals, “Eat something else! I taste terrible.”
Ladybugs are happy in many different habitats, such as forests, cities and along rivers. Ladybugs like to keep warm. When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to hibernate (冬眠), such as inside houses.
Here are some other facts about ladybugs:
● Though most ladybugs eat small insects, a few kinds eat plants.
● Ladybugs will clean themselves after a meal.
● There are more than 400 kinds of ladybugs in North America.
15．How many kinds of ladybugs live in the world
A．About 80. B．About 400. C．About 1,000. D．About 5,000.
16．Why do farmers love ladybugs
A．Because they aren’t bad for people’s health. B．Because they eat plant-eating insects.
C．Because they never eat plants. D．Because they are beautiful.
17．What does the underlined word “habitats” mean in Chinese
A．季节 B．气候 C．沼泽地 D．栖息地
18．Ladybugs like to stay somewhere _________.
A．dry B．warm C．quiet D．tidy
19．Where can we probably ( 很可能) read the passage
A．In a magazine. B．On a menu. C．In a guide book. D．In a sports newspaper
（2022·江苏苏州·八年级阶段练习）The elephant is the largest of all animals that live on land. An elephant's trunk(象鼻)is rather like an arm and a hand. It is used to pick up and pull things in its mouth. It is also used to pull up trees when the elephant wants to make path (道路)through the forests.
The African elephant is usually larger than the Indian elephant. It often stands 10 or 11 feet high, and weighs over 6 tons(吨).Both males and females grow trunks. But only male Indian elephants have tusks.
The elephant lives mostly on grass, leaves and fruits. It has been easy for men to train elephants. They are used to carry heavy things. Elephants can live for about fifty years or more.
20．Elephants are .
A．not found in the forests
B．only found in Africa
C．larger than any other animal on land
D．the largest animal in the world
21．Elephants use their .
A．trunks to do things as men use their hands to
B．trunks to pull up trees only when they want to make paths through the woods
C．tusks to do what men use their hands to
D．tusks to eat up trees
22．Which of the following is NOT right
A．Female Indian elephants have tusks.
B．All African elephants have trunks.
C．The Indian elephant is usually smaller than the African elephant.
D．The African elephant usually weighs more than 6,000 kilograms.
23．The food for the elephant is .
A．grass B．leaves
C．fruits D．all of the above
24．From the text we know .
A．an elephant is very clever and a good friend of men's
B．we can hunt elephants as we like
C．we should not train the elephant
D．there are elephants everywhere in the world
（2022·江苏·扬州中学八年级单元测试）Elephants are the largest living animals on land. For a long time, they are very helpful. They carry big trees, take people from place to place, and are even used as "living tanks(坦克) " in wars(战争). People work with elephants for ages, but they do not know elephants well enough. People don't think it's easy to hurt an elephant because its skin is thick and hard In fact, that's wrong. Sometimes, even though(即使)its skin is thick-up to 2.5 cm, a needle(针)can also be very dangerous for the elephant.
People say elephants are afraid of mice. This is wrong, too. In fact, elephants have very poor eyesight(视力)，so they usually cannot see a mouse even if one comes very close to them. If a person has a good memory, people will say that he has an e1ephant memory. But up to now, no study shows that elephants have a better memory than other animals.
People also believe that when it is time for elephants to die, they will hide themselves in a so-called所谓的)" elephant graveyard(墓地)" Often, hunters try to find such places to get ivories(象牙)，but few people really find places like that. In fact, when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves(洞穴)until they get better or die.
25．According to the passage, elephants don't .
A．carry heavy trees
B．help people build houses
C．carry people to different places
D．help people fight in the war
26．Which of the following is true about elephants
A．Elephants are afraid of mice.
B．Elephants have very poor memory.
C．Elephants cannot see very clearly.
D．Elephants never go to caves.
27．What elephants will do when they get sick
A．They will go to see a doctor.
B．They will ask other animals for help.
C．They will ask humans for help.
D．They will stay in deep caves by themselves.
28．What is the main idea of 'this article
A．Some of our ideas about elephants are not correct.
B．Different countries have different elephants.
C．Elephants are the world's biggest living land animals.
D．Elephants are man's best friends.
（2020·江苏·仪征市第三中学八年级）India is the home of tigers. Every year，many people are killed by tigers. Tiger，however, does not always eat men. It likes wild animals better. It is only when the tiger is old or wounded that it eats men. But once it has tasted the flesh of men, it goes on killing men for food. When a man-eater such as this is discovered, people are much afraid and they have to stop working in the fields. There are many ways to put an end to such dangerous animals. One way is that some men with long guns sit on elephants while other men drive the tiger towards them. Another way is for a hunter to sit on a tree near the place where a tiger has eaten somebody. If the tiger returns for another meal, the hunter will kill it in the hiding place. A goat may be tied to the tree for the tiger to kill. The most dangerous way is to hunt a tiger on foot, but the man must be brave and can shoot well or he would be killed by the tiger.
29．The tiger doesn’t eat men except when it is______.
A．in the forest B．very young
C．caught D．old or wounded
30．Once a tiger has tasted the flesh of men,_________.
A．it no longer wants to eat men
B．it seems to be fond of eating men
C．it eats no other wild animals
D．it becomes afraid of men
31．The underlined phrase “put an end to” in the passage means “______”
A．look after B．keep away C．kill D．keep
32．The most dangerous way to hunt a tiger is _____.
A．to hide in a tree B．to sit on elephants
C．to go after the animal on foot D．to tie a goat to the tree
33．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．Tigers eat many people in India each year.
B．Sometimes people may tie a goat to a tree to kill a tiger.
C．Tigers like eating elephants better than eating other animals.
D．When a dangerous tiger is discovered (发现），people dare (敢）not work in the field.
（2021·江苏·启东市长江中学八年级阶段练习）In nature, you may see many insects and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼). When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.
Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar (类似的) to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil (土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.
Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts The ink fish (墨鱼) in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (散开) , its enemies (敌人) will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.
34．It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because ________.
A．locusts are good runners B．locusts can jump very high
C．locusts are smarter than birds D．locusts can change their color
35．According to the passage, most soil insects ________.
A．do not have bright colors B．change their colors with the soil
C．do not live in a dark and wet environment D．eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees
36．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in the passage
A．繁殖 B．产卵 C．觅食 D．生存
37．The ink fish ________ so that its enemies will not see it.
A．changes its color B．makes the water around it black
C．appears only at night D．hides itself in the sea rocks
38．What is the main ideas of this passage
A．Some insects and animals have different skills.
B．Some insects and animals are clever than we think.
C．Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.
D．Some insects and animals can get used to (习惯) the environment easily.
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．D
4．B
5．B
【分析】这篇文章介绍在北美，很多野生动物已经灭绝了，并提到了野生动物灭绝的原因以及政府采取的措施。
1．词义猜测题。根据“In the past 300 years, more than 130 kinds of animals have become extinct.”可知，在过去的300年里，有130多种动物灭绝了，所以extinct的意思是“灭绝”，与dying out语意相同，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Another extinct animal is the cape lion（西非狮）. The animal has been extinct since 1860.”可知，另一种灭绝的动物是西非狮，这种动物自1860年以来就灭绝了，距离现在有两百多年，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Too much hunting is one cause; pollution is another.”可知，狩猎过多和污染是动物灭绝的主要原因，没有提到战争，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“It has listed nearly 200 kinds of endangered animals in North America.”可知，它列出了北美近200种濒危动物，故选B。
5．最佳标题题。本文介绍在北美，很多野生动物已经灭绝了，并提到了野生动物灭绝的原因以及政府采取的措施。选项B“北美濒危动物”符合主题，故选B。
6．A
7．C
8．D
9．C
【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了象群里的大象在遇到困难时互相帮助的情况。
6．题意：小象叫什么 考查细节理解题。根据The aunt helps the mother with her new-born calf.“阿姨”帮助象妈妈带着她刚出生的幼崽，可知选A。
7．题意：在危险的时候，公象会围着弱小的动物转一圈。考查细节理解题。根据When danger comes, the bulls make a circle around the weaker animals当危险来临公象会围着弱小的动物转一圈，可知选C。
8．题意：为什么母象生孩子时要带上“阿姨” 考查细节理解题。A. The aunt teaches the baby elephant to swim. 阿姨教小象游泳。B. The aunt takes away the baby elephant to the group. 阿姨把小象带到象群里。C. The aunt is the only one that will go with the mother. 阿姨是唯一和妈妈一起去的人。D. The aunt tries to protect the female elephant and her baby.阿姨试图保护母象和她的孩子。根据The aunt helps the mother with her new-born calf. In this way, the whole group protects its newest member.“阿姨”帮助象妈妈带着她刚出生的幼崽以保护象群的新成员，可知选D。
9．题意：下列哪项是正确的 考查细节理解题。A. Baby elephants can swim well. 小象游泳游得很好；B. The group will leave the sick elephants to die这个团体将让生病的大象等死；C. Other elephants always try to free the one in the trap. 其他的大象总是试图释放陷阱中的那一只；D. Most elephant groups have over a hundred members.大多数大象群有一百多名成员。根据A member of the group may be in a trap. Then the others try to free it. 团队中的一个成员可能会陷入陷阱，然后其他的大象尝试释放它，可知C项说法正确，故选C。
10．C
11．D
12．A
13．B
14．C
【分析】本文介绍了人们给野生动物带来很多问题。我们应了解它们，保护它们。如果我们让一个物种消失了，这会影响其他生物，而且会改变我们的世界。
10．C
概括归纳题。根据It is people who make many of the problem that animals face.We change and pollute their habitats.可知第一段主要介绍了人们对动物所做的事，故选C。
11．D
细节理解题。根据Learn as much as you can about them.“尽可能多了解动物”故排除A项；Try your best to support zoos and wildlife group.“支持动物园和野生动物组织”，故排除B项；根据Work with wildlife protection groups that work hard to protect animals.“和野生动物保护组织一起工作来保护动物”，故C项的给野生动物组织送钱，帮助保护野生动物，应排除；根据You can also be a smart shopper and never buy a pet that has grown up in the wild。可知我们不应该买野生动物做宠物，故选D。
12．A
细节理解题。根据Many zoos keep endangered animals, helping to make sure that they can live on.可知许多动物园饲养濒临灭绝的动物，以确保它们能继续生存。故选A。
13．B
词义猜测题。根据When we talk about any endangered wild animals,Let’s hope we never again have to say,”Gone forever.”可知此处表示某种动物消失了，故选B。
14．C
推理判断题。根据If we make even one species on Earth become extinct, it will influence other living things and change our world.可知如果我们让一个物种消失了，这会影响其他生物，而且会改变我们的世界，因此我们应挽救濒危动物，故选C。
【点睛】认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题3，根据Many zoos keep endangered animals, helping to make sure that they can live on.可知许多动物园饲养濒临灭绝的动物，以确保它们能继续生存。故选A。
15．D
16．B
17．D
18．B
19．A
【分析】这是一篇介绍瓢虫的科普类文章。介绍了瓢虫的种类，人们喜欢它们的原因以及它们的生活习性。
15．细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs(瓢虫 ) in the world.”可知，世界上大约有5000种不同的瓢虫。故答案为D。
16．细节理解题。根据文中句子“But farmers love them because they eat plant-eating insects.”可知， 农民喜欢它们，因为它们吃以植物为食的昆虫。故答案为B。
17．词义猜测题。根据文中句子“such as forests, cities and along rivers.” 例如森林、城市和河流。这些都是瓢虫的栖息地，故答案为D。
18．细节理解题。根据文中句子“When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to hibernate (冬眠),”可知，瓢虫喜欢呆在暖和的地方。故答案为B。
19．推理判断题。这是一篇介绍瓢虫的科普类文章。介绍了瓢虫的种类，人们喜欢它们的原因以及它们的生活习性。最有可能是一篇杂志中的文章，故答案为A。
【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 (2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易。 (3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but, or, however, so, because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。如第3小题的词义猜测题就是利用第2种解题方法，通过后面的列举得到答案。
20．C
21．A
22．A
23．D
24．A
【分析】本文介绍了大象是陆地上最大的动物。介绍了大象的象鼻的作用，非洲象与印度象的不同之处。以及大象的食物。
20．细节理解题。由句子“The elephant is the largest of all animals that live on land．”可知，大象是陆地上所有动物中最大的。故选C。
21．细节理解题。由句子“An elephant's trunk（象鼻）is rather like an arm and a hand．”可知，大象的鼻子更像是一只胳膊和手。故选A。
22．推理判断题。由句子“But only male Indian elephants have tusks． ”可知，但只有雄性印度象才有象牙。与选项A: Female Indian elephants have tusks．雌性印度象有象牙。矛盾。故选A。
23．细节理解题。由句子“The elephant lives mostly on grass，leaves and fruits．”可知，大象的食物以草、树叶和水果为主。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。由句子“It has been easy for men to train elephants．They are used to carry heavy things．”人类训练大象很容易，它们是用来搬运重物的。可知大象容易训练，是因为它们聪明，能帮助人们来搬运重物，因此是人类的朋友。故选A。
25．B
26．C
27．D
28．A
【分析】解析：大象是陆地上最大的动物，它们非常乐于助人，一些人认为大象是不容易受伤的，因为它的皮肤厚而硬，其实这是错误的．有人说大象怕老鼠．这是错误的，事实上，大象的视力很差，当大象老了或生病了，他们会呆在深的秘密洞穴直至好转或死亡．
25．解析：由短文中的They carry big trees,take people from place to place,and are even used as "living tanks"可推断大象不会帮助人们盖房子，所以答案选：B。
26．解析：通读全文可知A、B、D是错误的，由短文中的In fact ,elephants have very poor eyesight可知答案选C。
27．解析：由短文中的when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves(洞穴)until they get better or die.可知答案选D。
28．解析：通读全文可知本文介绍了大象的作用、生活习性来说明人们对大象的错误认识，所以答案选：A。
29．D
30．B
31．C
32．C
33．C
【分析】解析：本文主要讲述了印度是老虎的国度，但是老虎给人类带来了危险，文中讲述了3中杀死老虎的方法。
29．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子It is only when the tiger is old or wounded that it eats men“只有当老虎年老或受伤时，它才会吃人”，可知正确答案为D。
30．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子But once it has tasted the flesh of men, it goes on killing men for food.“一旦老虎尝到了人类的肉，它会继续杀戮人类作为食物”，可知正确答案为B。
31．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子There are many ways to put an end to such dangerous animals“有许多种方法去结束这种危险的动物”，If the tiger returns for another meal, the hunter will kill it in the hiding place“如果老虎回来再吃一顿，猎人会在藏身之处杀死它”，可知“put an end to”意为“杀死”，故正确答案为C。
32．解析：细节理解题。根据文中的句子The most dangerous way is to hunt a tiger on foot“最危险的方法是徒步猎取一只老虎”，可知正确答案为C。
33．解析：理解归纳题。A. Tigers eat many people in India each year.“在印度老虎每年吃掉许多人”。B. Sometimes people may tie a goat to a tree to kill a tiger.“有时人们会把山羊拴在一只树上杀死一只老虎”。C. Tigers like eating elephants better than eating other animals.“老虎比吃其它动物更喜欢吃大象”。D. When a dangerous tiger is discovered (发现），people dare (敢）not work in the field.“当发现危险的老虎时，人们不敢在田地里工作”。根据文章的理解，我们可知只有C选项是文中没有提到的，故正确答案为C。
34．D
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．C
【导语】这篇短文中作者主要介绍了一些动物如何利用颜色来保护自己的方式。
34．细节理解题。根据原文“Have you ever wondered why locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them … The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼)”及下文描述可知，鸟类不容易捉住蝗虫是因为它们能够随着庄稼而改变它们自身的颜色。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据原文“Soil (土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment”可知，生活在土壤里面的昆虫没有明亮的颜色。故选A。
36．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night”可知，为了生存，它们白天躲起来，只在晚上出现。此处的survive与“生存”最接近。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据原文“The ink fish (墨鱼) in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger”可知，墨鱼能够喷出一种墨水，让它周围水的颜色变黑来保护自己。故选B。
38．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些动物依靠自身颜色来保护自己的生存方式。故选C。