【备战2014】高考英语语法复习专题 代词 （重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练，14页）
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| 名称 | 【备战2014】高考英语语法复习专题 代词 （重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练，14页） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 33.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2013-12-20 13:45:42 | ||
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分类 单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
人称代词 主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us You them
物主代词 形容词性 my your his her its our your their
名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
指示代词 this that such these those such
相互代词 宾格 each other one another
所有格 each other’s one another’s
不定代词 可数 one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither
不可数 much, (a) little
可数不可数 any other all some
复合不定代词 anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing
疑问代词 who whom whose which what
连接代词 who whom whose which what（参见名词性从句）
关系代词 who whom whose which that（参见定语从句）
不定代词 区 别
one, some，any和it ①one可以泛指人或者事（东西），其复数为ones。We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far more serious____ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those ②some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico．Would you like ________ A. it B. some C. this D.1ittle③some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village —________way as you please.A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either
one指同类中的一个，it指代同一种类的东西。记住下列三点区别：①it =the /this/ my…+单数名词；one =a/an+单数名词—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow —No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it②it代替特定的单数名词；one代替不特定的单数名词This film is an interesting one and I like to see it..③one之前加上定冠词the可以表示特指，one前如有形容词修饰,之前还可以加上不定冠词,但是it之前既不能加冠词也不能加形容词修饰。Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。①There’s ________cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get ________. A.1ittle,some B.1ittle,any C. a little, some D. a little, any②We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ________.A. none B. either C. any D. each③He doesn’t have _________ furniture in his room --just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D. much
each和every each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。①Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each （of us） has a dictionary.= We each have a dictionary.②Every student has strong and weak points. Every one of us has strong and weak points.
all和both both指两个人或物，而all指三个以上的人或物。 在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语等。①— Which of the two books will you take — I’ll take ____and I think ____of them is very important to me.A. either; neither B. neither; both C. both; either D. either; both②—Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most —____.They are both cheap and of great importance.A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All
注意：both, all, each, every以及由every构成的不定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部分否定：All of them don’t like music=Not all of them like music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。要表示完全否定，需要借助neither, none ,no one ,nothing, nobody等。Neither of them doesn’t like music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。None of them don’t like the music.他们都不喜欢音乐。
none和no no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可。①There is no water in the bottle.②How much water is there in the bottle None.③None of the students are （is） afraid of difficulties.
other和another other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用：the other day, everyother week, some other reason, no other way等。 the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。①Both sides have accused of breaking the contract.A. another B. the other C. neither D. each②Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.
another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”。①We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun，so let’s have ______ one this month． A. the other B. some C. another D. other②The trousers are too long, please give me another pair/some others.③Some like football, while others like basketball.
either和neither 前者意思为：两者中任何一方都；后者意思为：两者都不。①—Do you want tea or coffee —______,I really don't mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. all②It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.A. none B. neither C. both D. each
every-,some-,any-,no-与thing,-one,-body构成的复合不定代词 这类不定代词有everything（一切事，最重要的事），everyone =everybody （每个人，所有人），something（某事，重要的人或事物），someone =somebody（某/有人，重要的人），anything（什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物），anyone =anybody（任何人，无论谁，重要的人），nothing（没有东西，什么也没有，不重要的人或事），no one=nobody（没有人，不重要的人）等。它们还与别有词构成很多习语，如for nothing（徒劳，免费），nothing but（仅仅，只不过）等等。
代词 用 法
反身代词 ①反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语；I’m teaching myself English.我正在自学英语（宾语）The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。（主语的同位语）②反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。by oneself= alone 独自 for oneself独立、为自己 enjoy oneself玩得愉快seat oneself坐下 come to oneself苏醒help oneself to 自行取用、不用客气 make oneself at home 不要客气
指示代词的重点用法 ①为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词；The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.②this在电话用语中作自我介绍，that询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词so。this/that much=so much
it的重点 ①it作形式主语或宾语：it作形式主语或宾语时, 真正的主语或宾语可以是动词不定式，动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句，把真正的主语或宾语移到句后。It is a good habit to do morning exercise.It is no use learning without thinking.It is pity that you didn’t see such a good film. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman. They want to make it clear that they are doing an important and necessary job.②it用于强调句型: It+is / was+被强调的部分+ that / who +其他。It is Professor Wang that/who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.③特殊用法Take it easy.别着急。You’ll catch it.你可得小心点。Let’s make it（at）8:30.我们把时间定在8：30吧。He can’t make it today.他今天不行（不成或做不到）。Got it.明白了。see to it that…（务必）take it for granted that…（想当然）hate it/like it/appreciate it+从句
①If you can’t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don’t you take ______ I won’t read them this week.
A. all B. any C. either D. both
【解析】答案为D。由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。
②You may drop in or just give me a call. ______ will do.
A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All
【解析】答案为A。由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”，用either。
③Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study.
A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none
【解析】答案为D。由all可知，是指三者或三者以上，排除C选项。nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到
的“书”毫无联系，排除A； no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人，也不符合题意；指多者
中“一个也没有，没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful，在句中作表语。句意：在桌上
的所有这些书中，没有一本书对我们的学习是有用的。
④It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which ____ of the parents spoke the language.
A. none B. neither C. both D. each
【解析】答案为B。neither 表示“两者都不”，句意：在父母都不懂 英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他
来讲是很困难的。
⑤The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to ______ who can capture the tiger alive or dead.
A. both B. others C. anyone D. another
【解析】答案为C。根据句意“谁能捕获那只老虎，无论死活，市长将给赏金5000美元”应选C项。其它三个选项均与题意不符。
①There’s _____ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _____
A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any
【解析】答案为A。因为在Would you… 等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中，一般用some；又由
后文“买些油”可知，家里“没有油”了，所以用little。句意：家里没有油了，请你到附近
的店子里买些回来好吗？
②―Would you like _____, sir
―No, thanks. I have had much.
A. some more oranges B. any more oranges C. some more orange D. any more orange
【解析】答案为A。由答语中的much可知，对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可数名
词，没有复数形式，排除选项A和B；在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any，排除选项D。
①I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _____ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
【解析】答案为C。选项中只有that能替代不可数名词the air。one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that；the one复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。
②We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _____we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D. them
【解析】答案为A。one =a house, 指我们喜欢的那一类房子。
③Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _____ than mobile phones do.
A. one B. ones C. it D. those
【解析】答案为B。 替代泛指的名词复数problems，用ones。those是替代特的“the +复数名词”的。
④My most famous relative of all, __________ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my
great-grandfather.
A. one B. the one C. he D. someone
【解析】答案为B。由语境可判断是特指，且作My most famous relative of all的同位语，用the one。
⑤—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow
—No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore.
A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it
【解析】答案为A。it指代前面的a copy of the book,后面的意思是：我要到书店去买一本（不是特指哪一本）。
①I think he’s just going to deal with this problem ______ day.
A. next B. other C. following D. another
【解析】答案为D。表示“改天”用another day。但表示相对于过去或将来某天来说的“第二天”时，
用the next day 或the following day都可以。
②No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _____.
A. others B. the other C. either D. another
【解析】答案为B。由neither可知，谈话双方都不同意对方的条件，这个“对方”是特指的另一方，所以用the other。
③The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _____ four percent.
A. any other B. the other C. another D. other
【解析】答案为C。题干上的意思应该是“价格不会再增长超过4%”。any other “其他另外的”。the
other“两者中第二者”。another“另外，又”，放在数词前面。other表示“另外”，和more一
样，要放在数字的后面。
①—One week’s time has been wasted. —I can’t believe we did all that work for _____.
A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything
【解析】答案为B。因为for nothing是习语，意为“徒劳、没有好结果”、“免费”，句意是：我简直不敢相信我们所做的一切都是徒劳的。
②She doesn’t know anyone here. She has got ______to talk to.
A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one
【解析】答案为D。因为“在这里，她谁都不认识”，所以“她没有人可以交谈”。no one = nobody =
not…any one没有一个人。
③I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _____ else, it was hard to make out.
A. none B. everyone C. someone D. anyone
【解析】答案为D。意为除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyone else)”都很难懂。
④—I’d like some more cheese. —Sorry, there’s ______ left.
A. some B. none C. a little D. few
【解析】答案为B。none既可以修饰可数名词，表示“一个也不， 一个也没有”；也可以修饰不可数名词，表示“一点也不，一点也没有”。在本题中指代不可数名词cheese。本题的意思是：—我想再来点奶酪。—抱歉，一点都没有了。A项some表示“一些”，C项a little表示“有一点”，修饰不可数名词D项few表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。
①If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night.
A. so B. that C. it D. them
【解析】答案为C。if I can help it意为“如果我有办法”，表示有办法做某事，或有办法控制某个局面。所提供的情景I don’t like working late into the night说明如果有办法，不喜欢工作到深夜。so意为“这样”，常用于省略句中，代替上文中的动作。that用于代替上文的内容。
②I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
【解析】答案为B。it指代用来泛泛地指某事，可用于如I like/hate it, I appreciate it等类似的句子。表示喜欢/憎恨和赞赏某事。
①—Who called me this morning when I was out
—A man calling ______ Robert.
A. him B. himself C. his D.不填
【解析】答案为B。 因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自称罗
伯特的人”，用himself。
②Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals ____ after an injury
A. himself B. him C. itself D. it
【解析】答案为C。itself 指代前面的the human body。
①—He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.
—When was _____
—_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It
【解析】答案为D。that可以指代过去的情况,下句是强调句型的省略形式=it was in 2000 when he was still in college he got his first book published.
②—Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street
—Victoria Street ______ is where the Grand Theatre is.
A. Such B. There C. That D. This
【解析】答案为C。that代替上下文提到的地方。
③The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ____ spoken in England.
A. which B. what C. that D. the one
【解析】答案为C。that用来指代前面的名词The English,以避免重复。题意是“美国英语现和英国英语只有很微小的差别了。”在英语中，that还常可以用来指代人口、天气、金钱等。如： The weather here is hotter than that in the north of the country.
④Little joy can equal ________ of a surprising ending when you read stories.
A. that B. those C. any D. some
【解析】答案为A。因为替代前面的不可数名词（little）joy，所以用that,而不是those。
此外指示代词“this和that”还可以用作副词修饰形容词，相当于“so”。
⑤Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always ______ much to do.
A. such B. that C. more D. very
【解析】答案为B。much前用so, 不用such。口语中，常用that来代替so。
1.For me traveling to Antarctica turned out to be the beginning of a new life,_____ I had thought I would never see.
A. what B. that C. one D. it
【答案与解析】C 句中I had thought是插入成分，one代替a new life。也可用关系代词which，指代a new life。
2.Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, ________at the other store.
A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones
【答案与解析】D one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数，则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators，因特指，故用the ones。
3.—There must be a dozen pens in this house but I can never find one when I need it.
—Be patient. ________ is sure to turn up.
A. One B. It C. This D. That
【答案与解析】A 此处表示泛指，代替单数可数名词，故用one。it用来指代上文提到的同一个事物。
4.Using the programmes of the Olympic Ceremony we Chinese made ________ clear to the world that China has a long history and brilliant culture.
A. this B. that C. it D. these
【答案与解析】C it作形式宾语。分析句子结构可知，本句的真正宾语为that China has a
long history and brilliant culture这个从句，clear为宾语补足语，前面需要一个形式宾语，所以选C项。
5.The man had expected to see all his relatives when in hospital, but ________ came to see him while many of his friends offered him their help.
A. none B. no one C. someone D. anyone
【答案与解析】A “当他住院时，他期望看到所有的亲戚，但是没有一个亲戚来看他，而他的很多朋友却来看他了。”由题意首先排除C、D项；B项意为“没有人”，用在此与后句不符，毕竟他的朋友们来了，故排除B项；A项也意为“没有人”，但它有特定的范围：(none of)all his relatives，“他的亲戚中没有人来看他”。
6.—Do you allow smoking in the office
—No. ______ smoking here will be fined.
A. Whoever B. Anyone C. Nobody D. Someone
【答案与解析】B 空格后的smoking 作定语，相当于who smokes，所以只能用anyone，语境为：任何一个在这里吸烟的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )人都要被罚款。Anyone who smokes=Whoever smokes.
7.— What do you think of the furniture on exhibition
— Well, great! But I don’t think much of ____ you bought.
A. the one B. it C. that D. which
【答案与解析】C 此处使用that替代不可数名词furniture，其后为定语从句，省略了作宾语的关系代词which或that。注意the one用于替代特指意义的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )单数名词，不能替代不可数名词。
8.Those who put their money away in the bank know very well that interest rate could go ______.
A. both ways B. all ways C. neither way D. either way
【答案与解析】D 那些把钱存进银行里的人都知道利率可能增长也可能降低，二者有其一，所以选either way。
9.My uncle promised to buy me a nice gift for my birthday, beyond my imagination.
A. the one B. a one C. anything D. something
【答案与解析】D 作单数birthday的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )同位语，可以用one 也可以用something。句意为：叔叔答应为为我买一件漂亮的生日礼物，超出我想象的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )东西。
10.Equipped with the latest facilities, today' s schools are quite different from ______ of the past.
A. it B. those C. ones D. one
【答案与解析】B 代替的是同名但不是同一个内容的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )复数名词schools，用those。句意为：今天的学校配备上了最新的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )教学设备，和过去的学校迥然不同了。
11.I would appreciate if you could teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. this C. it D. you
【答案与解析】C it做形式宾语。appreciate 后面跟宾语从句时要用形式主语it。类似的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )动词还有like，hate等。
12.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______.
A. them B. those C. it D. that
【答案与解析】C 这里指代的是上文的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )“The employment rate”，所以用代词it。
13.Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite ______.
A. the other B. another C. neither D. others
【答案与解析】B 句意为：建一所新的新校是一回事，而让它平稳地运作则是另一回事。another表示“另一；又一”。
14. —Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most
—_______. They are both expensive and of little use.
A. Both B. None C. Neither D. Nothing
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定代词。此题很容易选C项，受后面句中“both”的影响。事实上电子字典的数量我们不知道，故用none。实际上后句中的“both…and”是“not only…but also”的意思。
15.He thought ________ was wise to give up his job security and salary in an international information business to risk starting his own business.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
【答案与解析】C 宾语从句省略了that，从句中用it作形式主语。
16.—Do you remember to go to see a doctor tomorrow
—________.
A. Got it B. Heard it C. Make it D. Taken it
【答案与解析】A 考查口语。A项“明白了”；C项“成功”。
17.—Which of the two books will you buy
—I will buy ________, for I’ve got some such books.
A. both B. either C. neither D. none
【答案与解析】C 答者后半句说“因为我已经有一些这种书了”，可知前面为否定回答。对两者的否定用neither。
18.—It is said that Jack is very rich and is always changing his private cars. What is he
—________, I am not sure.
A. Somebody of a manager B. Something of a manager
C. Anyone of a manager D. Anything of a manager
【答案与解析】B “类似经理之类的职业”。
19.Sometimes, money is tight and on other occasions time is tight; on________ occasion, a travel is out of the
question.
A. all B. any C. either D. every
【答案与解析】C 前面讲到两种情况，所以“无论在那一种情况下，旅行总成问题”。
20.I didn't want __________of the two notebooks and the salesman had to show me ______.
A. either; another B. all; the others C. both; others D. neither; the others
【答案】A
【解析】根据语境可知这里表示两者都不要，I didn’t want either of ... =I wanted neither of ...。再取一个，应为多范围中的另一个，泛指，即another。
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
人称代词 主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us You them
物主代词 形容词性 my your his her its our your their
名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
指示代词 this that such these those such
相互代词 宾格 each other one another
所有格 each other’s one another’s
不定代词 可数 one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither
不可数 much, (a) little
可数不可数 any other all some
复合不定代词 anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing
疑问代词 who whom whose which what
连接代词 who whom whose which what（参见名词性从句）
关系代词 who whom whose which that（参见定语从句）
不定代词 区 别
one, some，any和it ①one可以泛指人或者事（东西），其复数为ones。We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far more serious____ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those ②some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico．Would you like ________ A. it B. some C. this D.1ittle③some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village —________way as you please.A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either
one指同类中的一个，it指代同一种类的东西。记住下列三点区别：①it =the /this/ my…+单数名词；one =a/an+单数名词—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow —No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it②it代替特定的单数名词；one代替不特定的单数名词This film is an interesting one and I like to see it..③one之前加上定冠词the可以表示特指，one前如有形容词修饰,之前还可以加上不定冠词,但是it之前既不能加冠词也不能加形容词修饰。Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。①There’s ________cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get ________. A.1ittle,some B.1ittle,any C. a little, some D. a little, any②We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ________.A. none B. either C. any D. each③He doesn’t have _________ furniture in his room --just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D. much
each和every each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。①Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each （of us） has a dictionary.= We each have a dictionary.②Every student has strong and weak points. Every one of us has strong and weak points.
all和both both指两个人或物，而all指三个以上的人或物。 在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语等。①— Which of the two books will you take — I’ll take ____and I think ____of them is very important to me.A. either; neither B. neither; both C. both; either D. either; both②—Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most —____.They are both cheap and of great importance.A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All
注意：both, all, each, every以及由every构成的不定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部分否定：All of them don’t like music=Not all of them like music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。要表示完全否定，需要借助neither, none ,no one ,nothing, nobody等。Neither of them doesn’t like music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。None of them don’t like the music.他们都不喜欢音乐。
none和no no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可。①There is no water in the bottle.②How much water is there in the bottle None.③None of the students are （is） afraid of difficulties.
other和another other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用：the other day, everyother week, some other reason, no other way等。 the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。①Both sides have accused of breaking the contract.A. another B. the other C. neither D. each②Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.
another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”。①We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun，so let’s have ______ one this month． A. the other B. some C. another D. other②The trousers are too long, please give me another pair/some others.③Some like football, while others like basketball.
either和neither 前者意思为：两者中任何一方都；后者意思为：两者都不。①—Do you want tea or coffee —______,I really don't mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. all②It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.A. none B. neither C. both D. each
every-,some-,any-,no-与thing,-one,-body构成的复合不定代词 这类不定代词有everything（一切事，最重要的事），everyone =everybody （每个人，所有人），something（某事，重要的人或事物），someone =somebody（某/有人，重要的人），anything（什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物），anyone =anybody（任何人，无论谁，重要的人），nothing（没有东西，什么也没有，不重要的人或事），no one=nobody（没有人，不重要的人）等。它们还与别有词构成很多习语，如for nothing（徒劳，免费），nothing but（仅仅，只不过）等等。
代词 用 法
反身代词 ①反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语；I’m teaching myself English.我正在自学英语（宾语）The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。（主语的同位语）②反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。by oneself= alone 独自 for oneself独立、为自己 enjoy oneself玩得愉快seat oneself坐下 come to oneself苏醒help oneself to 自行取用、不用客气 make oneself at home 不要客气
指示代词的重点用法 ①为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词；The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.②this在电话用语中作自我介绍，that询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词so。this/that much=so much
it的重点 ①it作形式主语或宾语：it作形式主语或宾语时, 真正的主语或宾语可以是动词不定式，动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句，把真正的主语或宾语移到句后。It is a good habit to do morning exercise.It is no use learning without thinking.It is pity that you didn’t see such a good film. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman. They want to make it clear that they are doing an important and necessary job.②it用于强调句型: It+is / was+被强调的部分+ that / who +其他。It is Professor Wang that/who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.③特殊用法Take it easy.别着急。You’ll catch it.你可得小心点。Let’s make it（at）8:30.我们把时间定在8：30吧。He can’t make it today.他今天不行（不成或做不到）。Got it.明白了。see to it that…（务必）take it for granted that…（想当然）hate it/like it/appreciate it+从句
①If you can’t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don’t you take ______ I won’t read them this week.
A. all B. any C. either D. both
【解析】答案为D。由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。
②You may drop in or just give me a call. ______ will do.
A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All
【解析】答案为A。由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”，用either。
③Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study.
A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none
【解析】答案为D。由all可知，是指三者或三者以上，排除C选项。nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到
的“书”毫无联系，排除A； no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人，也不符合题意；指多者
中“一个也没有，没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful，在句中作表语。句意：在桌上
的所有这些书中，没有一本书对我们的学习是有用的。
④It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which ____ of the parents spoke the language.
A. none B. neither C. both D. each
【解析】答案为B。neither 表示“两者都不”，句意：在父母都不懂 英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他
来讲是很困难的。
⑤The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to ______ who can capture the tiger alive or dead.
A. both B. others C. anyone D. another
【解析】答案为C。根据句意“谁能捕获那只老虎，无论死活，市长将给赏金5000美元”应选C项。其它三个选项均与题意不符。
①There’s _____ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _____
A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any
【解析】答案为A。因为在Would you… 等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中，一般用some；又由
后文“买些油”可知，家里“没有油”了，所以用little。句意：家里没有油了，请你到附近
的店子里买些回来好吗？
②―Would you like _____, sir
―No, thanks. I have had much.
A. some more oranges B. any more oranges C. some more orange D. any more orange
【解析】答案为A。由答语中的much可知，对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可数名
词，没有复数形式，排除选项A和B；在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any，排除选项D。
①I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _____ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
【解析】答案为C。选项中只有that能替代不可数名词the air。one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that；the one复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。
②We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _____we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D. them
【解析】答案为A。one =a house, 指我们喜欢的那一类房子。
③Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _____ than mobile phones do.
A. one B. ones C. it D. those
【解析】答案为B。 替代泛指的名词复数problems，用ones。those是替代特的“the +复数名词”的。
④My most famous relative of all, __________ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my
great-grandfather.
A. one B. the one C. he D. someone
【解析】答案为B。由语境可判断是特指，且作My most famous relative of all的同位语，用the one。
⑤—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow
—No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore.
A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it
【解析】答案为A。it指代前面的a copy of the book,后面的意思是：我要到书店去买一本（不是特指哪一本）。
①I think he’s just going to deal with this problem ______ day.
A. next B. other C. following D. another
【解析】答案为D。表示“改天”用another day。但表示相对于过去或将来某天来说的“第二天”时，
用the next day 或the following day都可以。
②No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _____.
A. others B. the other C. either D. another
【解析】答案为B。由neither可知，谈话双方都不同意对方的条件，这个“对方”是特指的另一方，所以用the other。
③The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _____ four percent.
A. any other B. the other C. another D. other
【解析】答案为C。题干上的意思应该是“价格不会再增长超过4%”。any other “其他另外的”。the
other“两者中第二者”。another“另外，又”，放在数词前面。other表示“另外”，和more一
样，要放在数字的后面。
①—One week’s time has been wasted. —I can’t believe we did all that work for _____.
A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything
【解析】答案为B。因为for nothing是习语，意为“徒劳、没有好结果”、“免费”，句意是：我简直不敢相信我们所做的一切都是徒劳的。
②She doesn’t know anyone here. She has got ______to talk to.
A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one
【解析】答案为D。因为“在这里，她谁都不认识”，所以“她没有人可以交谈”。no one = nobody =
not…any one没有一个人。
③I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _____ else, it was hard to make out.
A. none B. everyone C. someone D. anyone
【解析】答案为D。意为除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyone else)”都很难懂。
④—I’d like some more cheese. —Sorry, there’s ______ left.
A. some B. none C. a little D. few
【解析】答案为B。none既可以修饰可数名词，表示“一个也不， 一个也没有”；也可以修饰不可数名词，表示“一点也不，一点也没有”。在本题中指代不可数名词cheese。本题的意思是：—我想再来点奶酪。—抱歉，一点都没有了。A项some表示“一些”，C项a little表示“有一点”，修饰不可数名词D项few表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。
①If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night.
A. so B. that C. it D. them
【解析】答案为C。if I can help it意为“如果我有办法”，表示有办法做某事，或有办法控制某个局面。所提供的情景I don’t like working late into the night说明如果有办法，不喜欢工作到深夜。so意为“这样”，常用于省略句中，代替上文中的动作。that用于代替上文的内容。
②I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
【解析】答案为B。it指代用来泛泛地指某事，可用于如I like/hate it, I appreciate it等类似的句子。表示喜欢/憎恨和赞赏某事。
①—Who called me this morning when I was out
—A man calling ______ Robert.
A. him B. himself C. his D.不填
【解析】答案为B。 因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自称罗
伯特的人”，用himself。
②Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals ____ after an injury
A. himself B. him C. itself D. it
【解析】答案为C。itself 指代前面的the human body。
①—He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.
—When was _____
—_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It
【解析】答案为D。that可以指代过去的情况,下句是强调句型的省略形式=it was in 2000 when he was still in college he got his first book published.
②—Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street
—Victoria Street ______ is where the Grand Theatre is.
A. Such B. There C. That D. This
【解析】答案为C。that代替上下文提到的地方。
③The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ____ spoken in England.
A. which B. what C. that D. the one
【解析】答案为C。that用来指代前面的名词The English,以避免重复。题意是“美国英语现和英国英语只有很微小的差别了。”在英语中，that还常可以用来指代人口、天气、金钱等。如： The weather here is hotter than that in the north of the country.
④Little joy can equal ________ of a surprising ending when you read stories.
A. that B. those C. any D. some
【解析】答案为A。因为替代前面的不可数名词（little）joy，所以用that,而不是those。
此外指示代词“this和that”还可以用作副词修饰形容词，相当于“so”。
⑤Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always ______ much to do.
A. such B. that C. more D. very
【解析】答案为B。much前用so, 不用such。口语中，常用that来代替so。
1.For me traveling to Antarctica turned out to be the beginning of a new life,_____ I had thought I would never see.
A. what B. that C. one D. it
【答案与解析】C 句中I had thought是插入成分，one代替a new life。也可用关系代词which，指代a new life。
2.Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, ________at the other store.
A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones
【答案与解析】D one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数，则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators，因特指，故用the ones。
3.—There must be a dozen pens in this house but I can never find one when I need it.
—Be patient. ________ is sure to turn up.
A. One B. It C. This D. That
【答案与解析】A 此处表示泛指，代替单数可数名词，故用one。it用来指代上文提到的同一个事物。
4.Using the programmes of the Olympic Ceremony we Chinese made ________ clear to the world that China has a long history and brilliant culture.
A. this B. that C. it D. these
【答案与解析】C it作形式宾语。分析句子结构可知，本句的真正宾语为that China has a
long history and brilliant culture这个从句，clear为宾语补足语，前面需要一个形式宾语，所以选C项。
5.The man had expected to see all his relatives when in hospital, but ________ came to see him while many of his friends offered him their help.
A. none B. no one C. someone D. anyone
【答案与解析】A “当他住院时，他期望看到所有的亲戚，但是没有一个亲戚来看他，而他的很多朋友却来看他了。”由题意首先排除C、D项；B项意为“没有人”，用在此与后句不符，毕竟他的朋友们来了，故排除B项；A项也意为“没有人”，但它有特定的范围：(none of)all his relatives，“他的亲戚中没有人来看他”。
6.—Do you allow smoking in the office
—No. ______ smoking here will be fined.
A. Whoever B. Anyone C. Nobody D. Someone
【答案与解析】B 空格后的smoking 作定语，相当于who smokes，所以只能用anyone，语境为：任何一个在这里吸烟的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )人都要被罚款。Anyone who smokes=Whoever smokes.
7.— What do you think of the furniture on exhibition
— Well, great! But I don’t think much of ____ you bought.
A. the one B. it C. that D. which
【答案与解析】C 此处使用that替代不可数名词furniture，其后为定语从句，省略了作宾语的关系代词which或that。注意the one用于替代特指意义的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )单数名词，不能替代不可数名词。
8.Those who put their money away in the bank know very well that interest rate could go ______.
A. both ways B. all ways C. neither way D. either way
【答案与解析】D 那些把钱存进银行里的人都知道利率可能增长也可能降低，二者有其一，所以选either way。
9.My uncle promised to buy me a nice gift for my birthday, beyond my imagination.
A. the one B. a one C. anything D. something
【答案与解析】D 作单数birthday的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )同位语，可以用one 也可以用something。句意为：叔叔答应为为我买一件漂亮的生日礼物，超出我想象的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )东西。
10.Equipped with the latest facilities, today' s schools are quite different from ______ of the past.
A. it B. those C. ones D. one
【答案与解析】B 代替的是同名但不是同一个内容的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )复数名词schools，用those。句意为：今天的学校配备上了最新的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )教学设备，和过去的学校迥然不同了。
11.I would appreciate if you could teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. this C. it D. you
【答案与解析】C it做形式宾语。appreciate 后面跟宾语从句时要用形式主语it。类似的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )动词还有like，hate等。
12.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______.
A. them B. those C. it D. that
【答案与解析】C 这里指代的是上文的 ( http: / / gk. / " \o "全品高考网 )“The employment rate”，所以用代词it。
13.Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite ______.
A. the other B. another C. neither D. others
【答案与解析】B 句意为：建一所新的新校是一回事，而让它平稳地运作则是另一回事。another表示“另一；又一”。
14. —Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most
—_______. They are both expensive and of little use.
A. Both B. None C. Neither D. Nothing
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定代词。此题很容易选C项，受后面句中“both”的影响。事实上电子字典的数量我们不知道，故用none。实际上后句中的“both…and”是“not only…but also”的意思。
15.He thought ________ was wise to give up his job security and salary in an international information business to risk starting his own business.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
【答案与解析】C 宾语从句省略了that，从句中用it作形式主语。
16.—Do you remember to go to see a doctor tomorrow
—________.
A. Got it B. Heard it C. Make it D. Taken it
【答案与解析】A 考查口语。A项“明白了”；C项“成功”。
17.—Which of the two books will you buy
—I will buy ________, for I’ve got some such books.
A. both B. either C. neither D. none
【答案与解析】C 答者后半句说“因为我已经有一些这种书了”，可知前面为否定回答。对两者的否定用neither。
18.—It is said that Jack is very rich and is always changing his private cars. What is he
—________, I am not sure.
A. Somebody of a manager B. Something of a manager
C. Anyone of a manager D. Anything of a manager
【答案与解析】B “类似经理之类的职业”。
19.Sometimes, money is tight and on other occasions time is tight; on________ occasion, a travel is out of the
question.
A. all B. any C. either D. every
【答案与解析】C 前面讲到两种情况，所以“无论在那一种情况下，旅行总成问题”。
20.I didn't want __________of the two notebooks and the salesman had to show me ______.
A. either; another B. all; the others C. both; others D. neither; the others
【答案】A
【解析】根据语境可知这里表示两者都不要，I didn’t want either of ... =I wanted neither of ...。再取一个，应为多范围中的另一个，泛指，即another。