河南省许昌市2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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| 名称 | 河南省许昌市2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案） |  | |
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河南省许昌市
2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
河南省许昌市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
First-ever Illuminated Thomas Kinkade Snowman Wreath
There are many sights that bring to mind winter’s most welcomed season. Whether it’s a festive snowman, Thomas Kinkade’s imagery or greenery touched with snow, these symbols of wonder brighten your home. Now, these hallmarks of seasonal cheer are yours to enjoy in the “A Warm Winter Welcome” Illuminated Snowman Wreath. This teardrop-shaped wreath features a hand-painted snowman in a scarf, snowflake-tipped hat and gloves united with lights, decorations and a lantern inspired by Thomas Kinkade. Because this Always in Bloom wreath is fashioned by hand with the look of fresh-cut pine, it is a way to welcome family and friends to your home year after year! Built-in lights add a holiday glow, while a timer turns the lights on and off each night.
Exceptional value; satisfaction guaranteed
Act now to order “A Warm Winter Welcome” at the issue price of $99.99, payable in three installments of $33.33, the first payment due before shipment, backed by our 365-day guarantee. Send no money now. Just return the Reservation Application today! Plus $14.99 shipping and service.
The snowman is “dressed” for the season with a real scarf, bow, hat and gloves!
Impressively Sized at 2 Feet Tall!
Easy-to-set Timer Controls the Lights!
The easy-to-use 24-hour timer turns the lights on and off.
Shown much smaller than the actual size of approximately 24 inches tall
Requires batteries (not included).
Recommended for indoor use.
1. How much should customers pay if they order “A Warm Winter Welcome”
A. $14.99. B. $33.33. C. $99.99. D. $114.98.
2. What can be learned about “A Warm Winter Welcome”
A. It includes batteries. B. It is for outdoor use.
C. It is dressed for different seasons. D. It has a timer controlling the lights.
3. What is this text probably
A. A short story. B. A news report.
C. An advertisement. D. An introduction to a festival.
B
As a musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人), you’re responsible for predicting every need your sled dogs have. Before they’re hungry, you’re already thawing (解冻) their next meal. Before they’re tired, you’re planning their next rest. You’re an athlete, but also a coach, nutritionist, and sports psychologist. And you’re their teammate, their family.
When I was growing up, my favorite books were by Gary Paulsen, who often wrote about kids overcoming difficulties in the wilderness, and my mom’s picture books of Alaska. I was especially drawn in by dogsledding; I’d put on Rollerblades (直排轮滑鞋) and tie my dog’s lead around my waist so she could pull me. And at 18, I did what instinctively felt right: I moved to Norway for a year to learn how to be a musher. I just sort of knew somehow that I should do this full-time. That year, living in a training camp 200 miles north of the Arctic Circle, we studied how to build snow caves, care for the dogs, and somehow keep warm when temperatures went down to 30 degrees below zero. It was surreal and terrifying, but I loved it. Instantly I realized this was where I’d spent my life trying to get to.
This year I finished the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, the thousand-mile race across Alaska. It was the toughest thing I’ve ever done: 13 days of extremely hard work, where every foot we traveled was hard-won. While frozen places can be scary, the more time you spend in them, the more you realize how vulnerable (脆弱的) they are. With climate change, dogsledding could look very different in 50 years, or 20. It’s possible that current mushers could be among the last generations to travel like this. I hope we can be part of a tradition that stretches into the future, not just the past.
4. What is a musher supposed to do
A. Keep sled dogs’ meals warm. B. Plan sled dogs’ mealtimes in advance.
C. Find sled dogs great dog families. D. Look for cheap rest areas for sled dogs.
5. Why did the author mention Gary Paulsen
A. To discuss why people loved his works.
B. To prove kids are curious and determined.
C. To stress it’s challenging to become a musher.
D. To explain what inspired him to be a musher.
6. How did the author’s training camp go
A. It had many terrifying campers. B. It lasted longer than he expected.
C. It led him to unexpected discoveries. D. It was generally an enjoyable experience.
7. What did the author find out while doing the Iditarod
A. The popularity of mushers is fading.
B. There will be more mushers to come.
C. The frozen places are facing an uncertain future.
D. The frozen places will remain unchanged for long.
C
The way we listen to music has changed. Our parents and grandparents listened to music recorded on old vinyl records(黑胶唱片) played on an expensive record player. In 1982, SONY invented CDs which were smaller and much easier to store than vinyl records. Nearly overnight, the life of vinyl came to an end. Soon after, we all got mobile phones and began to access music online. Today, we can easily listen to anything we want to.
Some of the greatest music we have ever heard was originally recorded on vinyl. For example the Beatles recorded all their music on vinyl in the 1950s and 1960s. All those years ago, many people had large collections of records which filled their homes.
One such person was Bob George. He started his career as a DJ and record producer. He loved to collect vinyl records and owned 47,000 of them! Because vinyl records were quite large, he knew that they were often thrown away when people needed more space. He decided he would like to collect every piece of music written after 1945. It would be a collection of a very important part of our musical heritage(遗产).
Word of Bob’s ambition spread around the music industry. In 1985, A-Square Records called him asking for help. They had 150,000 vinyl records. The house where they were stored was sinking under their weight! Bob was happy to take the records off their hands, and his archive (档案馆) began to grow. Bob called it the ARChive of Contemporary Music. He also included in his collection: old photos, books and other valuable things.
Many professional musicians have been able to help with the archive. It is also used when it comes to choosing music for new films. Tom Hanks spent hours researching music for his film “That Thing You Do!”.
Today, the archive is home to over 3,000,000 sound records and 90 million songs. It requires a huge amount of space and the hunt is now on for a bigger place. it’s a dream world for any music lover. We hope that space will be found and the collection can continue to grow.
8. Why does the author write the first paragraph
A. To raise a topic for discussion. B. To offer background information.
C. To describe the development of technology. D. To encourage people to store vinyl records.
9. What can we know about Bob
A. He is a famous artist. B. He is a music enthusiast.
C. He was interested in collecting CDs. D. He began his career as a collector in 1945.
10. What can be learned about the ARChive of Contemporary Music
A. It is run by the government. B. It mainly collects the Beatles’ records.
C. It is developing at a surprising speed. D. It sells A-Square Records’ records.
11. What does the author think of the archive
A. It is a great treasure. B. It will make money.
C. It will have big changes. D. It excites people’s interest in films.
D
The American Academy of Pediatrics has warned about the potential negative effects of social media on young kids and teens. But the same risks may be true for adults, across generations. A review study suggests addiction symptoms, such as failure to pay proper attention to personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, tolerance and trying to hide the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively.
A study also shows when people stop using the Internet, they also go through small but measurable physical effects. Rather than improving well-being, as frequent interactions with supportive offline social networks powerfully do, the current findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults — it may undermine it.
In fact, another study found that social media use is linked to greater feelings of social isolation, mentally and physically. Facebook can be a jealousy generator. We fall into the trap of comparing ourselves to others as we check our Facebook pages, and make judgments about how we measure up. The study looked at how we make comparisons with others’ posts, in “upward” or “downward” directions — that is, feeling that we are either worse or better off than our friends. It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which is surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad. But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.
All of this is not to say that there is no benefit of social media — obviously it keeps us connected across great distances, and helps us find people we had lost touch with years ago. But visiting social networks when you have some time to kill, or, worse, need an emotional lift, is very likely a bad idea. If you are feeling brave, try taking a little break, and see how it goes. And if you are going to keep “using” it, then at least try to use it in moderation.
12. What might researchers think about “using Facebook excessively” according to the text
A. It’s problem behavior. B. It’s costly and time-consuming.
C. It’s leading people to become imaginative. D. It’s sometimes a solution to social isolation.
13. What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Present. B. Check. C. Destroy. D. Ensure.
14. What’s the finding of the study mentioned in paragraph 3
A. Social media are being given too much importance.
B. Young Facebook users feel more isolated than their elders.
C. All kinds of comparisons on social media upset people.
D. Downward comparisons link closer to depression than upward ones.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Social media affect people’s mental health.
B. Comparing ourselves with others may lead to depression.
C. Social networks have more advantages than disadvantages.
D. Nowadays people tend to turn to the Internet for an emotional lift.
河南省许昌市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four remarkable inventions
For more than half a century, the Consumer Electronics Show(CES) has been the place for companies and inventors to display their newest and coolest gadgets.
Here are our picks for some of the most interesting and creative inventions.
The Sweet Little Rolling Robot
Samsung has released Ballie, a tennis-sized robot that can follow you around the house, answer your questions, and entertain your pets. Since it's equipped with a camera, it can keep an eye on your home while you're away. It's like a smart assistant that goes wherever you do, rolling into your bedroom to ring your wake-up alarm, rolling to the kitchen to turn on the toaster and giving you the weather report as you brush your teeth.
The Insoles to Pick Up Your Pact
Any runner knows the right shoes are key to your speed. But Nurvv insoles promise more than mere cushioning. The insoles transmit data to a coaching app, which offers information on your technique and performance. It measures your foot strike and assesses your injury risk. The app then generates personalized workouts to set targets and help you beat your best speeds. Half marathon, here you come!
The No-Studio-Needed Yoga Class
Can't keep up your commitment to a yoga studio membership The Yoganotch personal yoga assistant lets you drop into a virtual class any time you want Follow along with a set series while 3-D sensors tell you whether you need to straighten your legs a bit more. The idea it that it improves your form while reducing the risk of injury.
The Dau-Enhanced Grill
While working by sight, smell and feel, a chef may appreciate Weber's new Smart Grilling Hub. It can monitor your pork and turkey while an app gives advice about cooking technique and safe temperatures.
1. What can the Sweet Little Rolling Robot do
A. Feed your pets. B. Hay tennis with you.
C. Take you wherever you want. D. Assist you to do your housework.
2. Which of the following is suitable for a runner
A. Ballie. B. Nurvv. C. Yoganotch. D. Smart Grilling Hub.
3. What do we know about the Weber’s invention
A. It uses virtual reality. B. It is convenient for cooking.
C. It makes meals for you automatically. D. It helps you do well in your yoga exercises.
B
Two young brothers from Malden. Massachusetts were in the spotlight Thursday after being named “heroes" by a national organization that recognizes young people doing great things. For the Bennett brothers, the goal of their work is nothing less than helping researchers find a cure for cancer. And their inspiration came from a friend.
Thirteen-year-old Hany Bennett and his nine-year-old brother Heath run their business out of their family kitchen. "We're making lip balm （润唇膏），"Harry says. They got the idea two years ago when their friend, Timmy, was diagnosed （诊断）with cancer. brothers wanted to do something. We learned that cancer patients（ lips and skin can get really dry because of chemotherapy （化疗），Hany says.
A light bulb went off in both of their young heads, and " Bennett Brothers Balm was born. "We make lip balm, which is kind of like our main product/ says Heath. They also make and sell different body balms, all natural, all handmade, while the profits benefit cancer research. "We've raised S 15,000/ Heath says.
And with the great optimism of children, they don't just want to help ； they wont to win. We want to find a cure. We want to help doctors find a cure, Harry explains, The brothers are also Gelding a team for the Light the Night Walk, to fight cancer.
"I think it's great to raise money and help people who have cancer," says Heath. Their parents play a big role as well, but it's the boys who provide the most enthusiasm with a message we can all learn from. "If you want to do something... do it," Harry says. "I just feel very glad that we're helping. It feels very good”， adds Heath.
Harn and Heath just received the S 10,000 Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes. Hwy intend to save some of il for college, invest some of it in their business and give the rest to charity. And their friend Timmy "He's doing great. He's all better, Harry says.
4. What encouraged the Bennett brothers to make lip balm at first
A. Helping a friend with cancer. B. Finding a cure for cancer.
C. Raising public awareness of cancer. D. Collecting money for cancer patients.
5. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean
A. The two brothers finished their first product.
B. The two brothers came up with an idea.
C. The two brothers struggled for a stress-free life.
D. The two brothers found an effective way to study.
6. What do the Bennett brothers think of their work
A. It is quite competitive. B. It is well worthwhile.
C. It fails to satisfy their parents. D. lt helps them make a big profit.
7. What does the author intend to tell us with the two brothers' story
A. Great minds think alike.
B. Two heads are better than one.
C. Young kids can make a big difference.
D. The longest journey begins with the first step.
C
Italy's fashion capital is gray — not only because of the blocks of stone buildings，but also due to its often-gray sky, which traps pollution. But Milan now wants to change it.
The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 - a move that experts say could offer relief from the city's hot weather. Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements. Architect Stefano Boeri’s Vertical Forest residential (居民的) tower, completed in 2014, aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents. Boeri created a small island of greenery in the heart of Milan, filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.
“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can plant trees, Boeri said.
Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the green Milan project will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area. City show that Milan experiences 35 hot nights a year. Because the city lies close to the Alps, Milin gets very little wind to lower the city's temperatures. "Planting trees will help this," Di said.
The Vertical Forest has attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. The Vertical Forest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved.
8. What change does Milan plan to make
A. Planting more trees.
B. Creating a new fashion style.
C. Pulling down more gray stone buildings.
D. Doing more surveys to study global wanning.
9. What's Boeri's opinion on the city's plan
A. It costs a lot.
B. It is unpractical.
C. It fails to attract people's attention.
D. It is helpful to fight against climate change.
10. What is Di Simine's attitude toward the city's plan
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive.
C. Disappointed. D. Unconcerned.
11. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. Specifics of the city's plan.
B. Challenges faced by the city.
C. The aim of the Vertical Forest project.
D. The positive effect of the Vertical Forest project.
D
In recent years, people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.
But high-quality nutrients count for little when there is no time to eat them. Amy Ettinger reports, "There is no national standard on how much time kids get to eat that meal. " And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.
This is a problem because the length of the school lunch period is a key factor (因素) in how much nutrition children actually gel. Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.
This is really terrible. For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake. There's also another terrible message that it's acceptable to wolf down food as fast as possible before rushing off to your next class. Cafeteria time should be a chance to interact with friends, to learn important social skills, to observe and share varieties of food. It should be a break in day, a chance to relax before heading into the afternoon.
As Ettinger explains, some parents are hoping the National Parent Teacher Association will address this issue. This, in turn, would help parents push their kids' schools for better lunch time standards. Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup. Make the foods easy to eat, provide non-messy snacks that can be eaten in class, put great effort into serving a hearty breakfast, and sit down as a family for dinner whenever possible.
12. What did Michelle Obama make efforts to improve
A. The quality of school lunches. B. The performance of school kids.
C. The school lunch time kids have. D. The eating habits of school kids.
13. What happens to children in American schools
A. They are occupied with many tests. B. They fail to get along with each other.
C. They consume more meat than before. D. They have less lunch time than before.
14. How are low-income kids influenced by the problem at school
A. They can't go to classes on time.
B. They can't have enough energy.
C. They can't share different kinds of food.
D. They can't hold a positive attitude toward life.
15. What can parents do to solve the problem
A. Prepare a better lunch for their kids.
B Stop their kids going to the cafeteria.
C. Force schools to make adjustments to lunch.
D. Guide their kids on how to pack their own lunch.
河南省许昌市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Accounting Manager Assistant
Position: Accounting Manager Assistant
Location: El Segundo, CA
A: Requirements:
·Bachelor's Degree or above in Accounting, Finance or other related fields.
·3 years or above experience in accounting team management /5 years or above experience working in accounting.
·Excellent communication skills in both English &. Mandarin Chinese, Spanish is a plus.
· Proficiency in Microsoft Office(Word, Excel and PowerPoint)
B: Benefits:
· Competitive salary and bonus.
· Medical Insurance, and 401k（养老储蓄）options
· Air Travel Benefits
· Paid vacation, sick leaves, and holidays · Career advancements
C: To apply
*Please send your resumes to air002@
Sales Representative
Position: Sales Representative Location:El Segundo, CA
A: Requirements:
· Bachelor's degree in business or related fields preferred
· Previous work experience in airline industry is preferred
·Must be proficient in Microsoft Office applications(Word, PowerPoint, and Excel)
· Must possess strong written and verbal communications skills
·Must possess exceptional customer service skills
B: Benefits:
· Competitive salary and bonus
· company paid medical insurance, and 40lk options
· Air Travel Benefits
· Paid vacation, sick leaves, and holidays
· Career advancements
C: To apply
*Please send your resumes to airhr@
IAD Station Manager Assistant
Position: Airport Station Manager Assistant
Location: Dulles International Airport, VA
A: Requirements:
·High school diploma or above required
· Excellent communication skills in both English & Mandarin Chinese
·Proficiency in Microsoft Office(Word, Excel and PowerPoint)
· Detail-oriented and with a strong sense of responsibility
· Morning/evening shifts &. weekend/holiday shifts required
B: Benefits:
· Competitive salary and bonus ·Medical Insurance, and 401k options
· Travel Benefits
· Paid vacation, sick leaves, and holidays · Career advancements
C: To apply
*Please send your resumes to airchinaiad@
21. What do the three positions have in common in terms of qualifications
A. Microsoft Office proficiency required.
B. Relevant working experience.
C. Bachelor degree or above.
D. Communication skills in Chinese and English.
22. Which benefit makes sales representative different
A. Employees have all kinds of paid holidays.
B. Medical insurance is fully paid by the company.
C. The company offers free travel as a benefit.
D. Employees have not only salaries but also bonuses.
23. Which position requires working overtime on weekends
A. Sales Representative.
B. Accounting Manager Assistant.
C. IAD Station Manager Assistant.
D. Cargo Client Service Representative.
B
Since the novel coronavirus shutdowns have canceled thousands of graduation ceremonies across the country, these devoted Ohio bus drivers went above and beyond the call of duty to honor their senior high school students.
In a heartfelt display of love and affection9 the Loveland High SchooLs transportation department arranged 22 of their buses to spell out "2020” when viewed from above.
Jim Barrett, the school's art and photography teacher, then used an aerial drone（无人机）to capture footage of the bus drivers waving up at the camera from in between the buses.
The school later published it to social media as a means of saluting the 392 graduating students, many of whom the drivers have known since grade school.
"Some of us have been around long enough to transport these kids since kindergarten, and some of us have only been working with the district for a few years, but the one thing we all have in common is the love for our students, " said JLoveland bus driver Jennifer Bowman. “This is a huge accomplishment and anyway we can show them some love, we will do it. So here's to the Class of 2020. Your bus drivers are proud of all of you. ”
Since the footage was uploaded to Facebook last week, it has been viewed thousands of times —but the bus drivers are simply happy to support the Class of 20.
"The love for our students is unconditional and each one will always hold a special place in our hearts, ”added bus driver Michele Winter. “Every story, every hug, every laugh and every tear with them are memories and sometimes even lessons. To the kids of the past, the present and the future, this is for you!”
24. These drivers spell out "2020" to______________.
A. better perform their duties B. express their love for the school
C. pay honor to the new graduates D. welcome students back to school
25. What does the underlined word “footage” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Mood. B. Video. C. Blessing. D. View.
26. What do we know about the drivers
A. They are all proud of this achievement.
B. Some of them started the work this year.
C. They all pick up students from kindergarten.
D. Love for students is their common ground.
27. Which is the most suitable title for this article
A. Loving Bus Drivers B. Sincere Friendship
C. Special Bus Show D. Lucky Graduates
C
Avebury is near the far more famous Stonehenge. What is interesting about it is that a village has grown up around the stones, unlike Stonehenge, which stands alone. Avebury and Stonehenge are just two of about 1, 300 stone circles all over the UK. Many of them are in fantastic locations, like Castlering in Cumbria, from which you can see England's highest mountain; and the Ring of Brodgar in the beautiful Orkney Island, off Scotland's northern coast.
Some of them are UNESCO World Heritage sites, and several have local stories connected to them. For example, the Merry Maidens in West Cornwall is a group of nineteen stones. According to the story, they were young women — maidens — who were turned into stone for dancing on a Sunday.
Early historians thought that the stone circles were temples for the people who arrived in the UK in about 500 BC. Later research has shown that they are far older than that, at least 4, 000 years old. Stonehenge could have been built 5, 000 years ago, but it's still nowhere near as old as the nearby wooden circle built about 10, 000 years ago. Some experts believe they acted like calendars and have shown that some stones line up with sunrise or sunset on the longest and shortest days of the year. Others believe they were places for the dead bodies of the local rich and powerful.
We may never know why they were built, but each one leaves the visitor with a strong sense of the shotness of our existence in the sea of history. There are groups of stone circles and other prehistoric（史前的）monuments throughout the British Isles, so wherever you are staying you should include at least one in your tour.
28. What can we learn about Avebury
A. It stands alone. B. It is a part of Stonehenge.
C. It has a village around it now. D. It consists of a couple of Merry Maidens.
29. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Stone circles. B. Mountains. C. Temples. D. Islands.
30. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3
A. The local stories of stone circles.
B. The original purpose of stone circles.
C. The historic value of stone circles.
D. The time when stone circles were built.
31. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A. Building more monuments. B. Protecting World Heritage sites.
C. Learning more about our history. D. Visiting some of those stone circles.
D
Modern medicine is pretty incredible. A team of scientists from the United States and Hong Kong has developed a "bionic eye" that imitates the human eye in shape and function, media BGR reported. The new “bionic eye” could one clay be used to restore the vision of the blind by imitating the "light sensor" in the human eye.
The eye is one of our most complex organs. In real eyes, the retina（视网膜）is the thin layer of tissue that receives light and sends it to our brains so it can be interpreted as an image. The bionic eye is an artificial eye which provides visual sensations to the brain. It consists of electronic systems having microprocessors, receivers, radio transmitters, some electronic chips and a series of image sensors that capture and rebroadcast real-time images. Technology provided by this helps the blind people to get vision again.
Over the years, scientists and doctors have come up with ways to replace some important parts of the body with artificial means that it can improve people's quality of life and even save a person's life. However, the eyes are quite special, and the way they communicate with the brain means that designing a bionic eye is not that simple. Connecting devices to the human brain is a huge barrier, but there is no greater challenge for researchers than cramming（塞入）the technology into a ball that could be used as an implant. And yes, the shape of the retina has historically been a major challenge for bionic devices.
Researchers have begun experimenting with animals and humans, the Daily Mail reported. However, much remains to be done. An artificial replacement for a human body is a risky task as it may cause death or some serious situations may occur and scientists were quick to point out that the current equipment is just the beginning that may appear in a few years.
32. How does bionic eye work
A. By receiving special signals. B. By capturing and storing images.
C. By sending visual signals to the brain. D. By receiving and increasing light intensity.
33. What is the highest difficulty of making a bionic eye
A. Its shape. B. Its size. C. Its weight. D. Its sensitivity.
34. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The research is an easy job. B. The "bionic eye" is impossible.
C. The current equipment is quite perfect. D. Testing has begun on live organisms.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. Modern medicine. B. New technology. C. Blind people. D. Human brain.
答案：
河南省许昌市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为《暖冬欢迎》的商品，介绍了其价格和特色等情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Exceptional value; satisfaction guaranteed部分中“Act now to order “A Warm Winter Welcome” at the issue price of $99.99, payable in three installments of $33.33, the first payment due before shipment, backed by our 365-day guarantee. Plus $14.99 shipping and service.(请立即行动，以发行价99.99美元订购《暖冬欢迎》，分三期付款33.33美元，第一期付款在装运前到期，由我们提供365天的保证书。外加14.99美元的运费和服务费)”可知，如果顾客订了《暖冬欢迎》，他们应该付99.99+14.99=114.98美元。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Built-in lights add a holiday glow, while a timer turns the lights on and off each night.(内置的灯增添了节日的光彩，同时定时器每晚打开和关闭灯)”可知，《暖冬欢迎》有一个定时器控制灯。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Now, these hallmarks of seasonal cheer are yours to enjoy in the “A Warm Winter Welcome” Illuminated Snowman Wreath.(现在，你可以在《暖冬欢迎》照明雪人花环中享受这些节日的欢乐)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为《暖冬欢迎》的商品，介绍了其价格和特色等情况。可推知，文章是一则广告。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为赶狗拉雪橇的人的经历以及对未来的的担心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“As a musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人), you’re responsible for predicting every need your sled dogs have. Before they’re hungry, you’re already thawing (解冻) their next meal.(作为一个赶狗拉雪橇的人, 你有责任预测雪橇狗的每一个需求。在它们饿之前，你已经在解冻它们的下一餐了。)”可知，赶狗拉雪橇的人应在狗饥饿前，提前准备好它的食物，比如先解冻。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“When I was growing up, my favorite books were by Gary Paulsen, who often wrote about kids overcoming difficulties in the wilderness, and my mom’s picture books of Alaska. I was especially drawn in by dogsledding; I’d put on Rollerblades and tie my dog’s lead around my waist so she could pull me. (在我成长的过程中，我最喜欢的书是Gary Paulsen的，他经常写关于孩子们在野外克服困难的故事，还有我妈妈的阿拉斯加图画书。我特别喜欢狗拉雪橇；我会穿上溜冰鞋，把狗的皮带系在腰上，这样它就可以拉我了。)”可知，作者提到 Gary Paulsen，是因为他经常写关于孩子们在野外克服困难的故事，这也鼓舞作者成为一个赶狗拉雪橇的人。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“That year, living in a training camp 200 miles north of the Arctic Circle, we studied how to build snow caves, care for the dogs, and somehow keep warm when temperatures went down to 30 degrees below zero. It was surreal and terrifying, but I loved it. (那一年，我们住在北极圈以北200英里的一个训练营里，学习如何建造雪洞，照顾狗，以及在气温降到零下30度时如何保暖。这是超现实的和可怕的，但我喜欢它。)”可知，作者非常喜欢这次经历。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“While frozen places can be scary, the more time you spend in them, the more you realize how vulnerable (脆弱的) they are. With climate change, dogsledding could look very different in 50 years, or 20. It’s possible that current mushers could be among the last generations to travel like this. I hope we can be part of a tradition that stretches into the future, not just the past.(虽然冰冻的地方很可怕，但你在那里呆的时间越长，你就越意识到它们是多么脆弱。随着气候变化，狗拉雪橇可能在50年或20年后变得非常不同。现在赶狗拉雪橇的人可能是最后几代人中这样旅行的人。我希望我们能成为一个延续到未来的传统的一部分，而不仅仅是过去。)”可知，随着气候变化，冰冻的地方变得很脆弱了，所以它们也将面临一个未知的未来。故选C项。
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍ARChive of Contemporary Music（当代音乐资料馆）的发展过程以及在音乐界的作用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“The way we listen to music has changed. Our parents and grandparents listened to music recorded on old vinyl records played on an expensive record player. In 1982, SONY invented CDs which were smaller and much easier to store than vinyl records. Nearly overnight, the life of vinyl came to an end. Soon after, we all got mobile phones and began to access music online. Today, we can easily listen to anything we want to.(我们听音乐的方式已经改变了。我们的父母和祖父母听用昂贵的唱机播放的旧黑胶唱片录制的音乐。1982年，索尼发明了比黑胶唱片更小、更容易存储的CD。几乎一夜之间，黑胶的生命结束了。不久之后，我们都有了手机，开始上网听音乐。今天，我们可以轻松地听任何我们想听的东西。)”可知，文章第一段为(我们听音乐的方式已经改变了)这一话题提供一个背景知识。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“One such person was Bob George. He started his career as a DJ and record producer. He loved to collect vinyl records and owned 47,000 of them! (Bob George就是这样一个人。他的职业生涯开始于DJ和唱片制作人。他喜欢收集黑胶唱片，拥有47000张！)”可知，Bob George收集了如此多唱片，他是一个音乐爱好者。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Today, the archive is home to over 3,000,000 sound records and 90 million songs. It requires a huge amount of space and the hunt is now on for a bigger place. it’s a dream world for any music lover. We hope that space will be found and the collection can continue to grow.(如今，该档案馆拥有300多万张唱片和9000万首歌曲。它需要巨大的空间，现在正在寻找一个更大的地方。这是任何音乐爱好者的梦想世界。我们希望能找到空间，藏品能继续增长。)”可知，该档案馆原本约有20万张唱片，现在拥有300多万张唱片，所以它发展迅速。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“ It requires a huge amount of space and the hunt is now on for a bigger place. it’s a dream world for any music lover. We hope that space will be found and the collection can continue to grow.(它需要巨大的空间，现在正在寻找一个更大的地方。这是任何音乐爱好者的梦想世界。我们希望能找到空间，藏品能继续增长。)”可知，它对音乐爱好者来说是一个巨大的财富。故选A项。
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了多项研究表明，过度使用社交网络有很多负面影响，因此作者建议人们在使用社交媒体时要适度。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A review study suggests addiction symptoms, such as failure to pay proper attention to personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, tolerance and trying to hide the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively.(一项综述研究表明，过度使用Facebook的人会出现一些成瘾症状，比如不适当关注个人生活、精神过度专注、逃避现实、耐药性以及试图隐藏上瘾行为)”可知，研究人员认为“过度使用Facebook”是问题行为。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Rather than improving well-being, as frequent interactions with supportive offline social networks powerfully do, the current findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults(目前的研究结果表明，与Facebook互动可能会对年轻人产生相反的结果，而不是像与支持性离线社交网络频繁互动那样有力地改善幸福感)”可知，不是改善，可能是相反的结果，此处应该是改善的反义词，即画线词意思是“破坏”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.(但在社交网络世界，似乎任何形式的比较都与抑郁症状有关)”可知，第三段提到的研究发现是社交媒体上的各种比较让人很不愉快。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A review study suggests addiction symptoms, such as failure to pay proper attention to personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, tolerance and trying to hide the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively.(一项综述研究表明，过度使用Facebook的人会出现一些成瘾症状，比如不适当关注个人生活、精神过度专注、逃避现实、耐药性以及试图隐藏上瘾行为)”结合文章主要说明了多项研究表明，过度使用社交网络有很多负面影响，因此作者建议人们在使用社交媒体时要适度。可知，这篇文章的主旨是社交媒体会影响人们的心理健康。故选A。
河南省许昌市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最有趣和最有创意的发明的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It's like a smart assistant that goes wherever you do, rolling into your bedroom to ring your wake-up alarm, rolling to the kitchen to turn on the toaster and giving you the weather report as you brush your teeth.(它就像一个智能助手，无论你去哪里，它都会滚进你的卧室，敲响你的闹钟，滚到厨房打开烤面包机，在你刷牙的时候为你播报天气预报)”可知，Sweet Little Rolling Robot可以帮助你做家务。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Insoles to Pick Up Your Pact部分中“Any runner knows the right shoes are key to your speed. But Nurvv insoles promise more than mere cushioning. The insoles transmit data to a coaching app, which offers information on your technique and performance. It measures your foot strike and assesses your injury risk. The app then generates personalized workouts to set targets and help you beat your best speeds.(任何跑步者都知道正确的鞋子是你速度的关键。但Nurvv鞋垫承诺的不仅仅是缓冲。这款鞋垫可以将数据传输到一个教练应用程序，后者会提供有关你的技术和表现的信息。它会测量你的脚伤并评估你受伤的风险。然后，这款应用会生成个性化的锻炼计划，设定目标，帮助你打破最佳速度)”可知，Nurvv适合跑步者。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While working by sight, smell and feel, a chef may appreciate Weber's new Smart Grilling Hub. It can monitor your pork and turkey while an app gives advice about cooking technique and safe temperatures.(通过视觉、嗅觉和触觉工作时，厨师可能会欣赏Weber的新智能烧烤架。它可以监控你的猪肉和火鸡，同时一款应用程序会提供烹饪技巧和安全温度方面的建议)”可知，Weber的发明做饭很方便。故选B。
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本篇是记叙文。文章讲述兄弟俩研制润唇膏，帮助患癌症的朋友，后来又做慈善，从而获得英雄称号的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“They got the idea two years ago when their friend, Timmy, was diagnosed （诊断）with cancer. brothers wanted to do something. ”可知，他们是在看望患有癌症的朋友Timmy时，产生了为他做点什么的想法。故选A项。
【5题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第二段内容和画线句后" Bennett Brothers Balm was born.”（班纳特兄弟润唇膏诞生了）可知，画线句的意思是“他们产生了新的想法”。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I just feel very glad that we're helping. It feels very good.” 可知，兄弟俩对自己所做的事情感到自豪，认为它是十分值得的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述兄弟俩研制润唇膏，帮助患癌症的朋友，后来又做慈善，从而获得英雄称号的故事，可以看出尽管他们年幼，但胸怀大志，有所作为，作者想要告诉我们的就是这一点，A. Great minds think alike.（英雄所见略同）；B. Two heads are better than one.（人多智广）；C. Young kids can make a big difference.（孩子也可以有所作为）；D. The longest journey begins with the first step. （千里之行始于足下），故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述意大利的时尚之都米兰计划要在2030年之前种植300万棵新树，不仅能够改善米兰的气候，而且改变米兰以前的灰色的城市构造。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“But Milan now wants to change it (但现在米兰想要改变这一现状。)和第二段的第一句“The city has anambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 (该市有一个雄心勃勃的计划，要在2030年之前种植300万棵新树。)可知，米兰计划种更多的树，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“‘I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one ofthe most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can planttrees,’Boeri said. (“ 我认为植树造林是我们现在最好的机会之一。这是我们对抗气候变化最有效的方法之一，因为每个人都可以种树，”博埃里说。)可知，博埃里认为种树有助于对抗气候变化，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the green Milan project will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area.( 环保组织成员Di Simine说，绿色米兰项目将降低这个夜间气温比周围地区高6摄氏度的城市的气温)”和“"Planting trees will help this," Di said.( “植树会有帮助的，”迪说。)”可推断，Di Simine对这个城市计划是支持的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容“Hie Vertical Forest has attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. The Vertical Forest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved(垂直森林计划已经吸引了20多种鸟类。而800棵树和15000株植物提供的树荫意味着居民很少需要安装空调，即使是在炎热的夏天。垂直森林的总绿色植物——每年能吸收30公吨的二氧化碳。绿树的存在对人们的健康和心理状态有非常重要的影响)”可推断，本段主要讲述垂直森林项目的积极影响。故选D。
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要说明了美国的孩子们由于忙于学习没有足够时间吃午饭，尤其是低收入的孩子无法吸取足够的营养。文章号召家长给孩子们准备好有营养、容易打开食用的健康午餐。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“In recent years, people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.(近年来，人们一直关注在学校里孩子吃的食物的质量。前第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马努力让学校的午餐更健康，结果新菜单有更少的脂肪和盐，更多的水果和蔬菜)”可知，米歇尔·奥巴马努力改善学校午餐的质量。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.(由于学校忙于考试成绩，老师们会用每一分钟来上课，这通常会让孩子们没有足够的吃饭时间)”可知，在美国各地的学校里，午餐时间不足是一个严重的问题。由此可知，美国学校里的孩子们比以前有缺少吃午饭的时间。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.(研究发现午餐时间不足20分钟的孩子比午餐时间超过20分钟的孩子吃的午餐要少得多)”，再根据第四段中的“For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake.(对于许多低收入的孩子来说，自助午餐相当于他们每日能量摄入的一半)”可推知，受学校这个问题的影响，低收入家庭的孩子不能吸收足够的营养的。故选B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup.(与此同时，如果你的孩子有这种情况，你可以帮他们打包一份健康的午餐，这样他们就不用去自助餐厅了)”可知，父母可以通过为孩子准备更好的午餐来帮助解决这个问题。故选A项。
河南省许昌市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
21-25 ABCCB 26-30 DACAB 31-35 DCADB
2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
河南省许昌市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
First-ever Illuminated Thomas Kinkade Snowman Wreath
There are many sights that bring to mind winter’s most welcomed season. Whether it’s a festive snowman, Thomas Kinkade’s imagery or greenery touched with snow, these symbols of wonder brighten your home. Now, these hallmarks of seasonal cheer are yours to enjoy in the “A Warm Winter Welcome” Illuminated Snowman Wreath. This teardrop-shaped wreath features a hand-painted snowman in a scarf, snowflake-tipped hat and gloves united with lights, decorations and a lantern inspired by Thomas Kinkade. Because this Always in Bloom wreath is fashioned by hand with the look of fresh-cut pine, it is a way to welcome family and friends to your home year after year! Built-in lights add a holiday glow, while a timer turns the lights on and off each night.
Exceptional value; satisfaction guaranteed
Act now to order “A Warm Winter Welcome” at the issue price of $99.99, payable in three installments of $33.33, the first payment due before shipment, backed by our 365-day guarantee. Send no money now. Just return the Reservation Application today! Plus $14.99 shipping and service.
The snowman is “dressed” for the season with a real scarf, bow, hat and gloves!
Impressively Sized at 2 Feet Tall!
Easy-to-set Timer Controls the Lights!
The easy-to-use 24-hour timer turns the lights on and off.
Shown much smaller than the actual size of approximately 24 inches tall
Requires batteries (not included).
Recommended for indoor use.
1. How much should customers pay if they order “A Warm Winter Welcome”
A. $14.99. B. $33.33. C. $99.99. D. $114.98.
2. What can be learned about “A Warm Winter Welcome”
A. It includes batteries. B. It is for outdoor use.
C. It is dressed for different seasons. D. It has a timer controlling the lights.
3. What is this text probably
A. A short story. B. A news report.
C. An advertisement. D. An introduction to a festival.
B
As a musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人), you’re responsible for predicting every need your sled dogs have. Before they’re hungry, you’re already thawing (解冻) their next meal. Before they’re tired, you’re planning their next rest. You’re an athlete, but also a coach, nutritionist, and sports psychologist. And you’re their teammate, their family.
When I was growing up, my favorite books were by Gary Paulsen, who often wrote about kids overcoming difficulties in the wilderness, and my mom’s picture books of Alaska. I was especially drawn in by dogsledding; I’d put on Rollerblades (直排轮滑鞋) and tie my dog’s lead around my waist so she could pull me. And at 18, I did what instinctively felt right: I moved to Norway for a year to learn how to be a musher. I just sort of knew somehow that I should do this full-time. That year, living in a training camp 200 miles north of the Arctic Circle, we studied how to build snow caves, care for the dogs, and somehow keep warm when temperatures went down to 30 degrees below zero. It was surreal and terrifying, but I loved it. Instantly I realized this was where I’d spent my life trying to get to.
This year I finished the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, the thousand-mile race across Alaska. It was the toughest thing I’ve ever done: 13 days of extremely hard work, where every foot we traveled was hard-won. While frozen places can be scary, the more time you spend in them, the more you realize how vulnerable (脆弱的) they are. With climate change, dogsledding could look very different in 50 years, or 20. It’s possible that current mushers could be among the last generations to travel like this. I hope we can be part of a tradition that stretches into the future, not just the past.
4. What is a musher supposed to do
A. Keep sled dogs’ meals warm. B. Plan sled dogs’ mealtimes in advance.
C. Find sled dogs great dog families. D. Look for cheap rest areas for sled dogs.
5. Why did the author mention Gary Paulsen
A. To discuss why people loved his works.
B. To prove kids are curious and determined.
C. To stress it’s challenging to become a musher.
D. To explain what inspired him to be a musher.
6. How did the author’s training camp go
A. It had many terrifying campers. B. It lasted longer than he expected.
C. It led him to unexpected discoveries. D. It was generally an enjoyable experience.
7. What did the author find out while doing the Iditarod
A. The popularity of mushers is fading.
B. There will be more mushers to come.
C. The frozen places are facing an uncertain future.
D. The frozen places will remain unchanged for long.
C
The way we listen to music has changed. Our parents and grandparents listened to music recorded on old vinyl records(黑胶唱片) played on an expensive record player. In 1982, SONY invented CDs which were smaller and much easier to store than vinyl records. Nearly overnight, the life of vinyl came to an end. Soon after, we all got mobile phones and began to access music online. Today, we can easily listen to anything we want to.
Some of the greatest music we have ever heard was originally recorded on vinyl. For example the Beatles recorded all their music on vinyl in the 1950s and 1960s. All those years ago, many people had large collections of records which filled their homes.
One such person was Bob George. He started his career as a DJ and record producer. He loved to collect vinyl records and owned 47,000 of them! Because vinyl records were quite large, he knew that they were often thrown away when people needed more space. He decided he would like to collect every piece of music written after 1945. It would be a collection of a very important part of our musical heritage(遗产).
Word of Bob’s ambition spread around the music industry. In 1985, A-Square Records called him asking for help. They had 150,000 vinyl records. The house where they were stored was sinking under their weight! Bob was happy to take the records off their hands, and his archive (档案馆) began to grow. Bob called it the ARChive of Contemporary Music. He also included in his collection: old photos, books and other valuable things.
Many professional musicians have been able to help with the archive. It is also used when it comes to choosing music for new films. Tom Hanks spent hours researching music for his film “That Thing You Do!”.
Today, the archive is home to over 3,000,000 sound records and 90 million songs. It requires a huge amount of space and the hunt is now on for a bigger place. it’s a dream world for any music lover. We hope that space will be found and the collection can continue to grow.
8. Why does the author write the first paragraph
A. To raise a topic for discussion. B. To offer background information.
C. To describe the development of technology. D. To encourage people to store vinyl records.
9. What can we know about Bob
A. He is a famous artist. B. He is a music enthusiast.
C. He was interested in collecting CDs. D. He began his career as a collector in 1945.
10. What can be learned about the ARChive of Contemporary Music
A. It is run by the government. B. It mainly collects the Beatles’ records.
C. It is developing at a surprising speed. D. It sells A-Square Records’ records.
11. What does the author think of the archive
A. It is a great treasure. B. It will make money.
C. It will have big changes. D. It excites people’s interest in films.
D
The American Academy of Pediatrics has warned about the potential negative effects of social media on young kids and teens. But the same risks may be true for adults, across generations. A review study suggests addiction symptoms, such as failure to pay proper attention to personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, tolerance and trying to hide the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively.
A study also shows when people stop using the Internet, they also go through small but measurable physical effects. Rather than improving well-being, as frequent interactions with supportive offline social networks powerfully do, the current findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults — it may undermine it.
In fact, another study found that social media use is linked to greater feelings of social isolation, mentally and physically. Facebook can be a jealousy generator. We fall into the trap of comparing ourselves to others as we check our Facebook pages, and make judgments about how we measure up. The study looked at how we make comparisons with others’ posts, in “upward” or “downward” directions — that is, feeling that we are either worse or better off than our friends. It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which is surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad. But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.
All of this is not to say that there is no benefit of social media — obviously it keeps us connected across great distances, and helps us find people we had lost touch with years ago. But visiting social networks when you have some time to kill, or, worse, need an emotional lift, is very likely a bad idea. If you are feeling brave, try taking a little break, and see how it goes. And if you are going to keep “using” it, then at least try to use it in moderation.
12. What might researchers think about “using Facebook excessively” according to the text
A. It’s problem behavior. B. It’s costly and time-consuming.
C. It’s leading people to become imaginative. D. It’s sometimes a solution to social isolation.
13. What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Present. B. Check. C. Destroy. D. Ensure.
14. What’s the finding of the study mentioned in paragraph 3
A. Social media are being given too much importance.
B. Young Facebook users feel more isolated than their elders.
C. All kinds of comparisons on social media upset people.
D. Downward comparisons link closer to depression than upward ones.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Social media affect people’s mental health.
B. Comparing ourselves with others may lead to depression.
C. Social networks have more advantages than disadvantages.
D. Nowadays people tend to turn to the Internet for an emotional lift.
河南省许昌市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four remarkable inventions
For more than half a century, the Consumer Electronics Show(CES) has been the place for companies and inventors to display their newest and coolest gadgets.
Here are our picks for some of the most interesting and creative inventions.
The Sweet Little Rolling Robot
Samsung has released Ballie, a tennis-sized robot that can follow you around the house, answer your questions, and entertain your pets. Since it's equipped with a camera, it can keep an eye on your home while you're away. It's like a smart assistant that goes wherever you do, rolling into your bedroom to ring your wake-up alarm, rolling to the kitchen to turn on the toaster and giving you the weather report as you brush your teeth.
The Insoles to Pick Up Your Pact
Any runner knows the right shoes are key to your speed. But Nurvv insoles promise more than mere cushioning. The insoles transmit data to a coaching app, which offers information on your technique and performance. It measures your foot strike and assesses your injury risk. The app then generates personalized workouts to set targets and help you beat your best speeds. Half marathon, here you come!
The No-Studio-Needed Yoga Class
Can't keep up your commitment to a yoga studio membership The Yoganotch personal yoga assistant lets you drop into a virtual class any time you want Follow along with a set series while 3-D sensors tell you whether you need to straighten your legs a bit more. The idea it that it improves your form while reducing the risk of injury.
The Dau-Enhanced Grill
While working by sight, smell and feel, a chef may appreciate Weber's new Smart Grilling Hub. It can monitor your pork and turkey while an app gives advice about cooking technique and safe temperatures.
1. What can the Sweet Little Rolling Robot do
A. Feed your pets. B. Hay tennis with you.
C. Take you wherever you want. D. Assist you to do your housework.
2. Which of the following is suitable for a runner
A. Ballie. B. Nurvv. C. Yoganotch. D. Smart Grilling Hub.
3. What do we know about the Weber’s invention
A. It uses virtual reality. B. It is convenient for cooking.
C. It makes meals for you automatically. D. It helps you do well in your yoga exercises.
B
Two young brothers from Malden. Massachusetts were in the spotlight Thursday after being named “heroes" by a national organization that recognizes young people doing great things. For the Bennett brothers, the goal of their work is nothing less than helping researchers find a cure for cancer. And their inspiration came from a friend.
Thirteen-year-old Hany Bennett and his nine-year-old brother Heath run their business out of their family kitchen. "We're making lip balm （润唇膏），"Harry says. They got the idea two years ago when their friend, Timmy, was diagnosed （诊断）with cancer. brothers wanted to do something. We learned that cancer patients（ lips and skin can get really dry because of chemotherapy （化疗），Hany says.
A light bulb went off in both of their young heads, and " Bennett Brothers Balm was born. "We make lip balm, which is kind of like our main product/ says Heath. They also make and sell different body balms, all natural, all handmade, while the profits benefit cancer research. "We've raised S 15,000/ Heath says.
And with the great optimism of children, they don't just want to help ； they wont to win. We want to find a cure. We want to help doctors find a cure, Harry explains, The brothers are also Gelding a team for the Light the Night Walk, to fight cancer.
"I think it's great to raise money and help people who have cancer," says Heath. Their parents play a big role as well, but it's the boys who provide the most enthusiasm with a message we can all learn from. "If you want to do something... do it," Harry says. "I just feel very glad that we're helping. It feels very good”， adds Heath.
Harn and Heath just received the S 10,000 Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes. Hwy intend to save some of il for college, invest some of it in their business and give the rest to charity. And their friend Timmy "He's doing great. He's all better, Harry says.
4. What encouraged the Bennett brothers to make lip balm at first
A. Helping a friend with cancer. B. Finding a cure for cancer.
C. Raising public awareness of cancer. D. Collecting money for cancer patients.
5. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean
A. The two brothers finished their first product.
B. The two brothers came up with an idea.
C. The two brothers struggled for a stress-free life.
D. The two brothers found an effective way to study.
6. What do the Bennett brothers think of their work
A. It is quite competitive. B. It is well worthwhile.
C. It fails to satisfy their parents. D. lt helps them make a big profit.
7. What does the author intend to tell us with the two brothers' story
A. Great minds think alike.
B. Two heads are better than one.
C. Young kids can make a big difference.
D. The longest journey begins with the first step.
C
Italy's fashion capital is gray — not only because of the blocks of stone buildings，but also due to its often-gray sky, which traps pollution. But Milan now wants to change it.
The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 - a move that experts say could offer relief from the city's hot weather. Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements. Architect Stefano Boeri’s Vertical Forest residential (居民的) tower, completed in 2014, aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents. Boeri created a small island of greenery in the heart of Milan, filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.
“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can plant trees, Boeri said.
Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the green Milan project will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area. City show that Milan experiences 35 hot nights a year. Because the city lies close to the Alps, Milin gets very little wind to lower the city's temperatures. "Planting trees will help this," Di said.
The Vertical Forest has attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. The Vertical Forest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved.
8. What change does Milan plan to make
A. Planting more trees.
B. Creating a new fashion style.
C. Pulling down more gray stone buildings.
D. Doing more surveys to study global wanning.
9. What's Boeri's opinion on the city's plan
A. It costs a lot.
B. It is unpractical.
C. It fails to attract people's attention.
D. It is helpful to fight against climate change.
10. What is Di Simine's attitude toward the city's plan
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive.
C. Disappointed. D. Unconcerned.
11. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. Specifics of the city's plan.
B. Challenges faced by the city.
C. The aim of the Vertical Forest project.
D. The positive effect of the Vertical Forest project.
D
In recent years, people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.
But high-quality nutrients count for little when there is no time to eat them. Amy Ettinger reports, "There is no national standard on how much time kids get to eat that meal. " And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.
This is a problem because the length of the school lunch period is a key factor (因素) in how much nutrition children actually gel. Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.
This is really terrible. For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake. There's also another terrible message that it's acceptable to wolf down food as fast as possible before rushing off to your next class. Cafeteria time should be a chance to interact with friends, to learn important social skills, to observe and share varieties of food. It should be a break in day, a chance to relax before heading into the afternoon.
As Ettinger explains, some parents are hoping the National Parent Teacher Association will address this issue. This, in turn, would help parents push their kids' schools for better lunch time standards. Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup. Make the foods easy to eat, provide non-messy snacks that can be eaten in class, put great effort into serving a hearty breakfast, and sit down as a family for dinner whenever possible.
12. What did Michelle Obama make efforts to improve
A. The quality of school lunches. B. The performance of school kids.
C. The school lunch time kids have. D. The eating habits of school kids.
13. What happens to children in American schools
A. They are occupied with many tests. B. They fail to get along with each other.
C. They consume more meat than before. D. They have less lunch time than before.
14. How are low-income kids influenced by the problem at school
A. They can't go to classes on time.
B. They can't have enough energy.
C. They can't share different kinds of food.
D. They can't hold a positive attitude toward life.
15. What can parents do to solve the problem
A. Prepare a better lunch for their kids.
B Stop their kids going to the cafeteria.
C. Force schools to make adjustments to lunch.
D. Guide their kids on how to pack their own lunch.
河南省许昌市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Accounting Manager Assistant
Position: Accounting Manager Assistant
Location: El Segundo, CA
A: Requirements:
·Bachelor's Degree or above in Accounting, Finance or other related fields.
·3 years or above experience in accounting team management /5 years or above experience working in accounting.
·Excellent communication skills in both English &. Mandarin Chinese, Spanish is a plus.
· Proficiency in Microsoft Office(Word, Excel and PowerPoint)
B: Benefits:
· Competitive salary and bonus.
· Medical Insurance, and 401k（养老储蓄）options
· Air Travel Benefits
· Paid vacation, sick leaves, and holidays · Career advancements
C: To apply
*Please send your resumes to air002@
Sales Representative
Position: Sales Representative Location:El Segundo, CA
A: Requirements:
· Bachelor's degree in business or related fields preferred
· Previous work experience in airline industry is preferred
·Must be proficient in Microsoft Office applications(Word, PowerPoint, and Excel)
· Must possess strong written and verbal communications skills
·Must possess exceptional customer service skills
B: Benefits:
· Competitive salary and bonus
· company paid medical insurance, and 40lk options
· Air Travel Benefits
· Paid vacation, sick leaves, and holidays
· Career advancements
C: To apply
*Please send your resumes to airhr@
IAD Station Manager Assistant
Position: Airport Station Manager Assistant
Location: Dulles International Airport, VA
A: Requirements:
·High school diploma or above required
· Excellent communication skills in both English & Mandarin Chinese
·Proficiency in Microsoft Office(Word, Excel and PowerPoint)
· Detail-oriented and with a strong sense of responsibility
· Morning/evening shifts &. weekend/holiday shifts required
B: Benefits:
· Competitive salary and bonus ·Medical Insurance, and 401k options
· Travel Benefits
· Paid vacation, sick leaves, and holidays · Career advancements
C: To apply
*Please send your resumes to airchinaiad@
21. What do the three positions have in common in terms of qualifications
A. Microsoft Office proficiency required.
B. Relevant working experience.
C. Bachelor degree or above.
D. Communication skills in Chinese and English.
22. Which benefit makes sales representative different
A. Employees have all kinds of paid holidays.
B. Medical insurance is fully paid by the company.
C. The company offers free travel as a benefit.
D. Employees have not only salaries but also bonuses.
23. Which position requires working overtime on weekends
A. Sales Representative.
B. Accounting Manager Assistant.
C. IAD Station Manager Assistant.
D. Cargo Client Service Representative.
B
Since the novel coronavirus shutdowns have canceled thousands of graduation ceremonies across the country, these devoted Ohio bus drivers went above and beyond the call of duty to honor their senior high school students.
In a heartfelt display of love and affection9 the Loveland High SchooLs transportation department arranged 22 of their buses to spell out "2020” when viewed from above.
Jim Barrett, the school's art and photography teacher, then used an aerial drone（无人机）to capture footage of the bus drivers waving up at the camera from in between the buses.
The school later published it to social media as a means of saluting the 392 graduating students, many of whom the drivers have known since grade school.
"Some of us have been around long enough to transport these kids since kindergarten, and some of us have only been working with the district for a few years, but the one thing we all have in common is the love for our students, " said JLoveland bus driver Jennifer Bowman. “This is a huge accomplishment and anyway we can show them some love, we will do it. So here's to the Class of 2020. Your bus drivers are proud of all of you. ”
Since the footage was uploaded to Facebook last week, it has been viewed thousands of times —but the bus drivers are simply happy to support the Class of 20.
"The love for our students is unconditional and each one will always hold a special place in our hearts, ”added bus driver Michele Winter. “Every story, every hug, every laugh and every tear with them are memories and sometimes even lessons. To the kids of the past, the present and the future, this is for you!”
24. These drivers spell out "2020" to______________.
A. better perform their duties B. express their love for the school
C. pay honor to the new graduates D. welcome students back to school
25. What does the underlined word “footage” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Mood. B. Video. C. Blessing. D. View.
26. What do we know about the drivers
A. They are all proud of this achievement.
B. Some of them started the work this year.
C. They all pick up students from kindergarten.
D. Love for students is their common ground.
27. Which is the most suitable title for this article
A. Loving Bus Drivers B. Sincere Friendship
C. Special Bus Show D. Lucky Graduates
C
Avebury is near the far more famous Stonehenge. What is interesting about it is that a village has grown up around the stones, unlike Stonehenge, which stands alone. Avebury and Stonehenge are just two of about 1, 300 stone circles all over the UK. Many of them are in fantastic locations, like Castlering in Cumbria, from which you can see England's highest mountain; and the Ring of Brodgar in the beautiful Orkney Island, off Scotland's northern coast.
Some of them are UNESCO World Heritage sites, and several have local stories connected to them. For example, the Merry Maidens in West Cornwall is a group of nineteen stones. According to the story, they were young women — maidens — who were turned into stone for dancing on a Sunday.
Early historians thought that the stone circles were temples for the people who arrived in the UK in about 500 BC. Later research has shown that they are far older than that, at least 4, 000 years old. Stonehenge could have been built 5, 000 years ago, but it's still nowhere near as old as the nearby wooden circle built about 10, 000 years ago. Some experts believe they acted like calendars and have shown that some stones line up with sunrise or sunset on the longest and shortest days of the year. Others believe they were places for the dead bodies of the local rich and powerful.
We may never know why they were built, but each one leaves the visitor with a strong sense of the shotness of our existence in the sea of history. There are groups of stone circles and other prehistoric（史前的）monuments throughout the British Isles, so wherever you are staying you should include at least one in your tour.
28. What can we learn about Avebury
A. It stands alone. B. It is a part of Stonehenge.
C. It has a village around it now. D. It consists of a couple of Merry Maidens.
29. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Stone circles. B. Mountains. C. Temples. D. Islands.
30. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3
A. The local stories of stone circles.
B. The original purpose of stone circles.
C. The historic value of stone circles.
D. The time when stone circles were built.
31. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A. Building more monuments. B. Protecting World Heritage sites.
C. Learning more about our history. D. Visiting some of those stone circles.
D
Modern medicine is pretty incredible. A team of scientists from the United States and Hong Kong has developed a "bionic eye" that imitates the human eye in shape and function, media BGR reported. The new “bionic eye” could one clay be used to restore the vision of the blind by imitating the "light sensor" in the human eye.
The eye is one of our most complex organs. In real eyes, the retina（视网膜）is the thin layer of tissue that receives light and sends it to our brains so it can be interpreted as an image. The bionic eye is an artificial eye which provides visual sensations to the brain. It consists of electronic systems having microprocessors, receivers, radio transmitters, some electronic chips and a series of image sensors that capture and rebroadcast real-time images. Technology provided by this helps the blind people to get vision again.
Over the years, scientists and doctors have come up with ways to replace some important parts of the body with artificial means that it can improve people's quality of life and even save a person's life. However, the eyes are quite special, and the way they communicate with the brain means that designing a bionic eye is not that simple. Connecting devices to the human brain is a huge barrier, but there is no greater challenge for researchers than cramming（塞入）the technology into a ball that could be used as an implant. And yes, the shape of the retina has historically been a major challenge for bionic devices.
Researchers have begun experimenting with animals and humans, the Daily Mail reported. However, much remains to be done. An artificial replacement for a human body is a risky task as it may cause death or some serious situations may occur and scientists were quick to point out that the current equipment is just the beginning that may appear in a few years.
32. How does bionic eye work
A. By receiving special signals. B. By capturing and storing images.
C. By sending visual signals to the brain. D. By receiving and increasing light intensity.
33. What is the highest difficulty of making a bionic eye
A. Its shape. B. Its size. C. Its weight. D. Its sensitivity.
34. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The research is an easy job. B. The "bionic eye" is impossible.
C. The current equipment is quite perfect. D. Testing has begun on live organisms.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. Modern medicine. B. New technology. C. Blind people. D. Human brain.
答案：
河南省许昌市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为《暖冬欢迎》的商品，介绍了其价格和特色等情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Exceptional value; satisfaction guaranteed部分中“Act now to order “A Warm Winter Welcome” at the issue price of $99.99, payable in three installments of $33.33, the first payment due before shipment, backed by our 365-day guarantee. Plus $14.99 shipping and service.(请立即行动，以发行价99.99美元订购《暖冬欢迎》，分三期付款33.33美元，第一期付款在装运前到期，由我们提供365天的保证书。外加14.99美元的运费和服务费)”可知，如果顾客订了《暖冬欢迎》，他们应该付99.99+14.99=114.98美元。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Built-in lights add a holiday glow, while a timer turns the lights on and off each night.(内置的灯增添了节日的光彩，同时定时器每晚打开和关闭灯)”可知，《暖冬欢迎》有一个定时器控制灯。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Now, these hallmarks of seasonal cheer are yours to enjoy in the “A Warm Winter Welcome” Illuminated Snowman Wreath.(现在，你可以在《暖冬欢迎》照明雪人花环中享受这些节日的欢乐)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为《暖冬欢迎》的商品，介绍了其价格和特色等情况。可推知，文章是一则广告。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为赶狗拉雪橇的人的经历以及对未来的的担心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“As a musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人), you’re responsible for predicting every need your sled dogs have. Before they’re hungry, you’re already thawing (解冻) their next meal.(作为一个赶狗拉雪橇的人, 你有责任预测雪橇狗的每一个需求。在它们饿之前，你已经在解冻它们的下一餐了。)”可知，赶狗拉雪橇的人应在狗饥饿前，提前准备好它的食物，比如先解冻。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“When I was growing up, my favorite books were by Gary Paulsen, who often wrote about kids overcoming difficulties in the wilderness, and my mom’s picture books of Alaska. I was especially drawn in by dogsledding; I’d put on Rollerblades and tie my dog’s lead around my waist so she could pull me. (在我成长的过程中，我最喜欢的书是Gary Paulsen的，他经常写关于孩子们在野外克服困难的故事，还有我妈妈的阿拉斯加图画书。我特别喜欢狗拉雪橇；我会穿上溜冰鞋，把狗的皮带系在腰上，这样它就可以拉我了。)”可知，作者提到 Gary Paulsen，是因为他经常写关于孩子们在野外克服困难的故事，这也鼓舞作者成为一个赶狗拉雪橇的人。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“That year, living in a training camp 200 miles north of the Arctic Circle, we studied how to build snow caves, care for the dogs, and somehow keep warm when temperatures went down to 30 degrees below zero. It was surreal and terrifying, but I loved it. (那一年，我们住在北极圈以北200英里的一个训练营里，学习如何建造雪洞，照顾狗，以及在气温降到零下30度时如何保暖。这是超现实的和可怕的，但我喜欢它。)”可知，作者非常喜欢这次经历。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“While frozen places can be scary, the more time you spend in them, the more you realize how vulnerable (脆弱的) they are. With climate change, dogsledding could look very different in 50 years, or 20. It’s possible that current mushers could be among the last generations to travel like this. I hope we can be part of a tradition that stretches into the future, not just the past.(虽然冰冻的地方很可怕，但你在那里呆的时间越长，你就越意识到它们是多么脆弱。随着气候变化，狗拉雪橇可能在50年或20年后变得非常不同。现在赶狗拉雪橇的人可能是最后几代人中这样旅行的人。我希望我们能成为一个延续到未来的传统的一部分，而不仅仅是过去。)”可知，随着气候变化，冰冻的地方变得很脆弱了，所以它们也将面临一个未知的未来。故选C项。
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍ARChive of Contemporary Music（当代音乐资料馆）的发展过程以及在音乐界的作用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“The way we listen to music has changed. Our parents and grandparents listened to music recorded on old vinyl records played on an expensive record player. In 1982, SONY invented CDs which were smaller and much easier to store than vinyl records. Nearly overnight, the life of vinyl came to an end. Soon after, we all got mobile phones and began to access music online. Today, we can easily listen to anything we want to.(我们听音乐的方式已经改变了。我们的父母和祖父母听用昂贵的唱机播放的旧黑胶唱片录制的音乐。1982年，索尼发明了比黑胶唱片更小、更容易存储的CD。几乎一夜之间，黑胶的生命结束了。不久之后，我们都有了手机，开始上网听音乐。今天，我们可以轻松地听任何我们想听的东西。)”可知，文章第一段为(我们听音乐的方式已经改变了)这一话题提供一个背景知识。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“One such person was Bob George. He started his career as a DJ and record producer. He loved to collect vinyl records and owned 47,000 of them! (Bob George就是这样一个人。他的职业生涯开始于DJ和唱片制作人。他喜欢收集黑胶唱片，拥有47000张！)”可知，Bob George收集了如此多唱片，他是一个音乐爱好者。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Today, the archive is home to over 3,000,000 sound records and 90 million songs. It requires a huge amount of space and the hunt is now on for a bigger place. it’s a dream world for any music lover. We hope that space will be found and the collection can continue to grow.(如今，该档案馆拥有300多万张唱片和9000万首歌曲。它需要巨大的空间，现在正在寻找一个更大的地方。这是任何音乐爱好者的梦想世界。我们希望能找到空间，藏品能继续增长。)”可知，该档案馆原本约有20万张唱片，现在拥有300多万张唱片，所以它发展迅速。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“ It requires a huge amount of space and the hunt is now on for a bigger place. it’s a dream world for any music lover. We hope that space will be found and the collection can continue to grow.(它需要巨大的空间，现在正在寻找一个更大的地方。这是任何音乐爱好者的梦想世界。我们希望能找到空间，藏品能继续增长。)”可知，它对音乐爱好者来说是一个巨大的财富。故选A项。
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了多项研究表明，过度使用社交网络有很多负面影响，因此作者建议人们在使用社交媒体时要适度。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A review study suggests addiction symptoms, such as failure to pay proper attention to personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, tolerance and trying to hide the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively.(一项综述研究表明，过度使用Facebook的人会出现一些成瘾症状，比如不适当关注个人生活、精神过度专注、逃避现实、耐药性以及试图隐藏上瘾行为)”可知，研究人员认为“过度使用Facebook”是问题行为。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Rather than improving well-being, as frequent interactions with supportive offline social networks powerfully do, the current findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults(目前的研究结果表明，与Facebook互动可能会对年轻人产生相反的结果，而不是像与支持性离线社交网络频繁互动那样有力地改善幸福感)”可知，不是改善，可能是相反的结果，此处应该是改善的反义词，即画线词意思是“破坏”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.(但在社交网络世界，似乎任何形式的比较都与抑郁症状有关)”可知，第三段提到的研究发现是社交媒体上的各种比较让人很不愉快。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A review study suggests addiction symptoms, such as failure to pay proper attention to personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, tolerance and trying to hide the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively.(一项综述研究表明，过度使用Facebook的人会出现一些成瘾症状，比如不适当关注个人生活、精神过度专注、逃避现实、耐药性以及试图隐藏上瘾行为)”结合文章主要说明了多项研究表明，过度使用社交网络有很多负面影响，因此作者建议人们在使用社交媒体时要适度。可知，这篇文章的主旨是社交媒体会影响人们的心理健康。故选A。
河南省许昌市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最有趣和最有创意的发明的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It's like a smart assistant that goes wherever you do, rolling into your bedroom to ring your wake-up alarm, rolling to the kitchen to turn on the toaster and giving you the weather report as you brush your teeth.(它就像一个智能助手，无论你去哪里，它都会滚进你的卧室，敲响你的闹钟，滚到厨房打开烤面包机，在你刷牙的时候为你播报天气预报)”可知，Sweet Little Rolling Robot可以帮助你做家务。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Insoles to Pick Up Your Pact部分中“Any runner knows the right shoes are key to your speed. But Nurvv insoles promise more than mere cushioning. The insoles transmit data to a coaching app, which offers information on your technique and performance. It measures your foot strike and assesses your injury risk. The app then generates personalized workouts to set targets and help you beat your best speeds.(任何跑步者都知道正确的鞋子是你速度的关键。但Nurvv鞋垫承诺的不仅仅是缓冲。这款鞋垫可以将数据传输到一个教练应用程序，后者会提供有关你的技术和表现的信息。它会测量你的脚伤并评估你受伤的风险。然后，这款应用会生成个性化的锻炼计划，设定目标，帮助你打破最佳速度)”可知，Nurvv适合跑步者。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While working by sight, smell and feel, a chef may appreciate Weber's new Smart Grilling Hub. It can monitor your pork and turkey while an app gives advice about cooking technique and safe temperatures.(通过视觉、嗅觉和触觉工作时，厨师可能会欣赏Weber的新智能烧烤架。它可以监控你的猪肉和火鸡，同时一款应用程序会提供烹饪技巧和安全温度方面的建议)”可知，Weber的发明做饭很方便。故选B。
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本篇是记叙文。文章讲述兄弟俩研制润唇膏，帮助患癌症的朋友，后来又做慈善，从而获得英雄称号的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“They got the idea two years ago when their friend, Timmy, was diagnosed （诊断）with cancer. brothers wanted to do something. ”可知，他们是在看望患有癌症的朋友Timmy时，产生了为他做点什么的想法。故选A项。
【5题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第二段内容和画线句后" Bennett Brothers Balm was born.”（班纳特兄弟润唇膏诞生了）可知，画线句的意思是“他们产生了新的想法”。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I just feel very glad that we're helping. It feels very good.” 可知，兄弟俩对自己所做的事情感到自豪，认为它是十分值得的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述兄弟俩研制润唇膏，帮助患癌症的朋友，后来又做慈善，从而获得英雄称号的故事，可以看出尽管他们年幼，但胸怀大志，有所作为，作者想要告诉我们的就是这一点，A. Great minds think alike.（英雄所见略同）；B. Two heads are better than one.（人多智广）；C. Young kids can make a big difference.（孩子也可以有所作为）；D. The longest journey begins with the first step. （千里之行始于足下），故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述意大利的时尚之都米兰计划要在2030年之前种植300万棵新树，不仅能够改善米兰的气候，而且改变米兰以前的灰色的城市构造。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“But Milan now wants to change it (但现在米兰想要改变这一现状。)和第二段的第一句“The city has anambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 (该市有一个雄心勃勃的计划，要在2030年之前种植300万棵新树。)可知，米兰计划种更多的树，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“‘I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one ofthe most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can planttrees,’Boeri said. (“ 我认为植树造林是我们现在最好的机会之一。这是我们对抗气候变化最有效的方法之一，因为每个人都可以种树，”博埃里说。)可知，博埃里认为种树有助于对抗气候变化，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the green Milan project will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area.( 环保组织成员Di Simine说，绿色米兰项目将降低这个夜间气温比周围地区高6摄氏度的城市的气温)”和“"Planting trees will help this," Di said.( “植树会有帮助的，”迪说。)”可推断，Di Simine对这个城市计划是支持的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容“Hie Vertical Forest has attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. The Vertical Forest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved(垂直森林计划已经吸引了20多种鸟类。而800棵树和15000株植物提供的树荫意味着居民很少需要安装空调，即使是在炎热的夏天。垂直森林的总绿色植物——每年能吸收30公吨的二氧化碳。绿树的存在对人们的健康和心理状态有非常重要的影响)”可推断，本段主要讲述垂直森林项目的积极影响。故选D。
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要说明了美国的孩子们由于忙于学习没有足够时间吃午饭，尤其是低收入的孩子无法吸取足够的营养。文章号召家长给孩子们准备好有营养、容易打开食用的健康午餐。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“In recent years, people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.(近年来，人们一直关注在学校里孩子吃的食物的质量。前第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马努力让学校的午餐更健康，结果新菜单有更少的脂肪和盐，更多的水果和蔬菜)”可知，米歇尔·奥巴马努力改善学校午餐的质量。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.(由于学校忙于考试成绩，老师们会用每一分钟来上课，这通常会让孩子们没有足够的吃饭时间)”可知，在美国各地的学校里，午餐时间不足是一个严重的问题。由此可知，美国学校里的孩子们比以前有缺少吃午饭的时间。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.(研究发现午餐时间不足20分钟的孩子比午餐时间超过20分钟的孩子吃的午餐要少得多)”，再根据第四段中的“For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake.(对于许多低收入的孩子来说，自助午餐相当于他们每日能量摄入的一半)”可推知，受学校这个问题的影响，低收入家庭的孩子不能吸收足够的营养的。故选B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup.(与此同时，如果你的孩子有这种情况，你可以帮他们打包一份健康的午餐，这样他们就不用去自助餐厅了)”可知，父母可以通过为孩子准备更好的午餐来帮助解决这个问题。故选A项。
河南省许昌市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
21-25 ABCCB 26-30 DACAB 31-35 DCADB