黑龙江省牡丹江市海林市朝鲜族中学2022-2023学年高三上学期11月第三次月考英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 黑龙江省牡丹江市海林市朝鲜族中学2022-2023学年高三上学期11月第三次月考英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-28 15:00:18 | ||
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朝鲜族中学2022-2023学年高三上学期11月第三次月考
英语（外研版）
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Nobody likes to spend money on a new book only to face disappointment when it doesn’t live up to your expectations. Here are the best book review sites to help you avoid buying books that you’ll regret reading.
Goodreads
Goodreads is the leading online community for book lovers. If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit. There are an endless number of user-generated reading lists to explore.
Fantasy Book Review
Fantasy Book Review should be high on the list for anyone who is a fan of fantasy works. The book review site publishes reviews for both children’s books and adults’ books. It has a section on the top fantasy books of all time.
Booklist
Booklist is a print magazine that also offers an online portal. Trusted experts from the American Library Association write all the book reviews. You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe.
YouTube
YouTube is not the type of place that immediately springs to mind when you think of the best book review sites online. However, there are several engaging YouTube channels that frequently offer opinions on books they’ve read.
Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy. This way, you can save your money and spend it on the books that you’ll be proud to display on your shelves for a long time.
1. Which site best suits people who want to buy a biography
A. Goodreads. B. Fantasy Book Review.
C. Booklist. D. YouTube.
2. What can visitors do on Booklist
A. Edit book reviews. B. Discuss with experts.
C. Read full reviews after payment. D. Find information about writers.
3. What is recommended before buying a book
A. Noting the book cover. B. Reading the book reviews.
C. Preparing a display shelf. D. Checking the book’s ratings.
B
It’s a classic story: A kid is forced to learn an instrument from a young age, they play it throughout their childhood, and they develop a bittersweet relationship with it. Is the constant battle between the love for the music and the hate for the constant challenge worth the fight For me, it was.
I started playing the piano when I was four-that was 15 years ago! This was huge commitment, so there must have been something worth holding on to, right
The easy guess is that I was purely in love with music and piano. Although that’s the sweeter tale, it’s a bit more complicated. I struggled a lot with piano. Family and peers were, at least in my own head, constantly placed beside me in competition. I felt pressure to be the best in order to prove something to others-and more devastatingly (破坏性地) to prove something to myself. The seed of my musical interest was grown in the sunlight of competition and doubt. Hate sprouted (滋生) when my self-criticism hit too hard.
It’s difficult to learn to love something that didn’t originate from love. For a while, piano was more of an annoyance than a hobby. But somehow, love grew. It was deeply buried. But it was there, and by high school,it was strong enough that when I was truly on the verge of quitting any kind of formal training. I found the strength to hold on tighter, and dig further. I switched teachers, and got incredibly lucky with one who helped me tunnel into what I loved. I learned pieces for myself, I composed for myself, and I found confidence not because I got “good enough,” but because I learned that anything I had was good enough.
The love and hate I’ve had for the piano were both planted and grown. If you too have learned to hate something, remember that with commitment, it can be uprooted, and love can make a home in its place. There is always time. There is always room.
4. What does the author want to show by telling a classic story
A. The benefits of music.
B. Kids’ struggle in learning instruments.
C. Kids’ bittersweet childhood.
D. The popularity of learning instruments.
5. What can we know about the author’s experience of playing the piano
A. She finally quit formal training.
B. She never treated it as her hobby.
C. She was in pure love with music and piano.
D. She once experienced great pressure from herself.
6. What helped the author find confidence
A. Her attitude. B. Her training.
C. Her compromise. D. Her achievement.
7. What message is mainly delivered in the passage
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Love is a thing that grows.
C. Content is better than riches.
D. Chance favors the prepared mind.
C
Around the globe far more bird species are losing ground than gaining, according to an expansive review of a half-century of bird population research published in the journal Annual Review of Environment and Resources in May.
The review, entitled The State of the World’s Birds, showed that more than 5,200 different species of birds-just shy of half the world’s total-are known or suspected to be declining. Around 3,800 species are relatively stable, and fewer than 700 species show increases. Among birds on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, almost 400 birds worldwide have had their conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades (moving from vulnerable to threatened, or threatened to endangered) — five times more than the number of bird species with an IUCN status that has changed for the better.
“After documenting the loss of nearly 3 billion birds in North America alone (according to a 2019 study published in the journal Science), it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population declines and extinction occurring globally,” says review coauthor Ken Rosenberg, a conservation scientist now retired from the Cormell Lab of Omithology.
The review points to disappearing and degraded habitat-resulting from climate change, urbanization, agricultural intensification, and international trade-as the leading driver of bird declines worldwide. In a note of hope, the authors cite a 2020 study indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could avert 60% of likely extinctions.
Lead author Alexander Lees, a research associate at the Cormell Lab, also points to the need for substantial changes in human behavior to prevent further losses. “Loss and degradation of habitat is often driven by demand for resources,” says Lees. “We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef, oil, and seed crops can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”
8. In what order are threatened species arranged on the IUCN’s Red List
A. Species quantity. B. Living habitat.
C. Declining rate. D. Conservation status.
9. How does Ken Rosenberg feel when saying the words
A Hopeful. B. Relieved.
C. Doubtful. D. Concerned.
10. What does the underlined “avert” mean in paragraph 4
A Prevent. B. Increase. C. Cause. D. Face.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Extra reasons for bird extinction. B. Possible solutions to habitat loss.
C. Substantial changes in human behavior. D. The prospect of biodiversity loss.
D
For most of our history, humans have been short, a study has found. Until around 150 years ago, few people grew taller than 170 centimetres.
Christiane Scheffler at the University of Potsdam and Michael Hermanussen in Altenhof have spent several years studying the height of people from a wide range of populations. In their latest paper, they combined an existing data of more than 6000 prehistoric human skeletons with multiple studies of more recent historical populations from Europe and the US. They also included their own data on 1666 present-day school children from Indonesia.
In the prehistoric populations, the maximum height for men was 165 to 170 centimetres, while women topped out at 160cm. Today, men in England have an average height of around 175 cm, while for women it is about 162 cm.
But there is significant variation between modern countries. The Indonesian school children in the study were shorter than similarly aged children from the US, despite being well-nourished.
Scheffler and Hermanussen argue that height can be a signal of dominance(显赫地位), so in societies where it is possible to move up through the social classes, evolution favours individuals who reach a greater height.
Subramanian at Harvard University isn’t convinced by the pair’s interpretation. His team previously showed that the best predictor of a child’s height is the height of their parents. This suggests that the influence of other factors, such as social mobility, is limited.
After assessing nearly 163,000 children living in 55 low and middle-income countries, Subramanian’s team found that 42.9 percent had poor nutrition but’ no ‘sign of stunting(阻碍发育) or other physical indicators of this fact.
This implies there is a lot of hidden malnutrition that doesn’t reveal itself through stunting. A person’s nutritional condition should be assessed by looking at their diet not their height, says Subramanian.
12. How did Scheffler and Hermanussen conduct the research
A. Studying the skeletons of prehistoric human.
B. Combining existing data with recent research.
C. Assessing children living in various income areas.
D. Analyzing the results of other scientists’ researches.
13. What’s Subramanian’s attitude towards the explanation of Scheffler and Hermanussen
A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive.
14. What can we infer from Subramanian’s study
A. Poor nutrition delays physical development.
B. A balanced diet contributes to growing taller.
C. High social classes can reach a greater height.
D. A human’s height has little to do with nutrition.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. The significance that lies in nutrition.
B. The factors that influence human’s height.
C. The importance that humans attach to height.
D. The reasons why prehistoric humans were short.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emotional pain is part of life. ___16___ Whether the pain is associated with loss, failure, or disappointment, you must develop a strategy to lessen and manage the struggle. By taking action you will learn to cope with emotional pain.
Seek help from those close to you. Asking for help can be awkward. However, if you let someone know that you are trying to make specific changes in your life, it will increase the likelihood of your success. ___17___ It is important for you to let others know what you are trying to achieve.
___18___ Sitting around missing someone will only make you feel worse. Sometimes you need to occupy yourself with new, more interesting things to do. Have you ever thought about learning to play a musical instrument or becoming a master gardener Now might be your time.
Volunteer your time to a cause. One way of coping with emotional pain is to volunteer your time, resources, or expertise to a worthy cause or individual. Volunteering will help you develop new skills, and begin or strengthen your connection with your community. It can also provide a boost to your self-esteem and personal development. ___19___
Make a plan to build coping skills. Following a problem-solving model will give you a structure for creating change. You must determine clear objectives carry them out, make adjustments as needed and monitor your progress. ___20___ You can lessen your strict adherence (遵守) to the steps of your plan and maintain positive outcomes.
A. Focus on the positive.
B. You will feel a “giver’s high”.
C. Fill your schedule with new agenda items.
D. Knowing that doesn’t seem to make it any easier.
E. Emotional pain, however, can take much longer to wear off.
F. Your new behaviors will build over time and become second nature to you.
G. A strong support network can help you cope with your pain more effectively.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I got my first smartphone, I loved it.It gave me instant ___21___ to my music, thousands of photos and videos and a(n) ___22___ of information. But over time, my feelings became controversial. I would repeatedly ___23___ my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and ___24___ click on links to websites. I’d often ___25___ to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
So I began to research studies on the mental health effects of smartphone use. I ___26___ that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality. Unsurprisingly, they also impact your ability to ___27___ and to remain in the present moment with your kids.
___28___, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted (分心) by dings and pings. He finally related to my complaints about my smartphone: “Mommy, just ___29___, please!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey — no ___30___at all — I bought a flip phone (翻盖手机) and cell plan for $30 a month. With no touch screen, texting is ___31___. I can’t access email, music or social media and don’t even try browsing the web without a touch screen. While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing, it’s ___32___ than I thought it would be and the benefits are worth it. Now when I’m playing with my son, I can see the positive effect ___33___ his smiles. And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the ___34___, I light candles, grab a book and ___35___ the atmosphere of the room I’m in.
21. A. solution B. response C. access D. reaction
22. A. world B. form C. exchange D. piece
23. A. receive B. write C. answer D. refresh
24. A. skillfully B. occasionally C. hurriedly D. constantly
25. A. talk B. complain C. prove D. return
26. A. predicted B. discovered C. considered D. claimed
27. A. email B. reply C. smile D. parent
28. A. Hence B. However C. Then D. Still
29. A. take it back B. give it up C. break it down D. sort it out
30. A. charge B. money C. cellphone D. plan
31. A. heart-breaking B. time-consuming C. eye-opening D. energy-saving
32. A. easier B. cooler C. stricter D. longer
33. A. in B. of C. on D. with
34. A. face B. bed C. screen D. book
35. A. create B. lighten C. change D. enjoy
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the face of a changing climate and an ever-growing population, strengthening the world’s future food security has never been more important. That’s where seed banks come in, and their goal is ___36___ (preserve) as many plant species as possible. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway is the so-called “mothership” of seed banks and stores back-ups of more than one million plant ___37___ (sample).
Scientists have cross-bred (杂交) certain seeds to produce beans and potatoes that are ___38___(rich) in vitamins, zinc and iron than standard varieties. These ___39___ (improve) varieties have been sent to Africa and elsewhere in Latin America, ___40___ benefits for public health. But seed bankers still need to work fast.
According to ___41___ UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 75% of global crop species ___42___ (lose) over the past century. At the same time, about 40% of the world’s plant species are at risk of extinction, ___43___ most of the world’s food comes from just a handful of plant and animal species. Though there are more than 7,000 plant species on the planet, just three——rice, maize and wheat——___44___ (be) the staple food of over half the world’s population. That is ____45____ seed banks are so important.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，即将参加学校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.菜品介绍：
2.制作过程。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右：
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
On a late afternoon, Brandon finished feeding his cows on the farm and decided to go back with his two sons, Louie, 6, and Everett, 3. As they headed for the house, the two boys ran ahead of their father. Suddenly Brandon was aware he forgot to close the door of the barn (牲口棚). He told the boys to wait for him at the gate and returned to lock it. When he was at the gate minutes later, he saw only his youngest son.
“ Where’s Louie ” he shouted.
“He fell in the hole!” Everett said.
Brandon quickly realized what had happened. Noooo, he thought. Louie can barely swim! He ran to the well and heard Louie splashing, trying not to . Instinctively, he jumped in.
Somehow Brandon managed to grab on to a pipe that ran down the side of the well, which slowed his fall and kept him from crushing (挤压) his son.
Finally,Brandon hit the freezing water at the bottom of the well. He popped his head out of the water and grabbed Louie, who was panicking and trying to stay afloat in water that was too deep for either of them to stand. Knowing they could tread (踩水) for only so long, Brandon lifted his son onto his chest as he packed his own back against the narrow walls for support.
“All right, Dad, you can pull us out now,” Louie said.
If only it were that easy. There was no way he could climb out. The pipe that he’d grabbed during his fall was too slippery to be of any use. There was only one way out.
Looking up to see Everett peering down at them from the top of the well, Brandon shouted, “Everett, you’re going to have to be a big boy and save us. Run to the road and stand by the mailbox until someone stops. Tell them we need help. ”
Everett did as he was told. He stood alone by the side of the road, waving to stop someone.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a while, Chris and Mark, nearby farmers, were driving by the farm.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Twenty minutes later, Louie emerged (出现), then Brandon, both cold and wet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读理解+七选五
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F
完形填空
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D
【答案】36. to preserve 37. samples 38. richer 39. improved 40. with 41. the
42. has been lost 43. and 44. are 45. why
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个书评网站的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit.(如果你想要一些下一本小说或传记的灵感，这是最好的书评网站访问)”可知，Goodreads最适合想买传记的人。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe. (你可以看到不同书籍的部分评论。然而，要完整阅读它们，你需要订阅)”可知，访客可以在Booklist上付款后阅读完整的评论。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy.(尽管人们很容易被一本令人印象深刻的书的封面所吸引，但在真正购买之前，最好还是快速浏览一下书评)”可知，在买书之前，建议阅读书评。故选B。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】Z这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述自己在学习钢琴过程中的爱与恨以及自己感悟。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“It’s a classic story: A kid is forced to learn an instrument from a young age, they play it throughout their childhood, and they develop a bittersweet relationship with it. Is the constant battle between the love for the music and the hate for the constant challenge worth the fight For me, it was.(这是一个经典的故事：一个孩子从小就被迫学习一种乐器，他们在整个童年时期都在演奏，并与之发展出苦乐参半的关系。对音乐的热爱和对不断挑战的憎恨之间不断的斗争值得吗？对我来说，是的。)”可知，文章讲故事是为了说明孩子们在学乐器方面的挣扎，然后引出介绍自己的情况。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“ I felt pressure to be the best in order to prove something to others-and more devastatingly (破坏性地) to prove something to myself. The seed of my musical interest was grown in the sunlight of competition and doubt.(为了向别人证明一些东西，我感受到了成为最好的人的压力——更具毁灭性的是，为了向自己证明一些东西。我对音乐的兴趣在竞争和怀疑的阳光下生长。)”可知，作者曾经经历了来自自己的巨大压力。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“I learned pieces for myself, I composed for myself, and I found confidence not because I got “good enough,” but because I learned that anything I had was good enough.(我为自己学习曲子，为自己作曲，我找到了自信，不是因为我“足够好”，而是因为我知道我所拥有的一切都足够好。)”可知，作者找到自信地原因是自己态度的转变，对一切的重新认识。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“It’s difficult to learn to love something that didn’t originate from love. (很难学会去爱一些不是源于爱的东西。)”以及文章最后一段“The love and hate I’ve had for the piano were both planted and grown. If you too have learned to hate something, remember that with commitment, it can be uprooted, and love can make a home in its place. There is always time. There is always room.(我对钢琴的爱和恨都是种下的，也是成长的。如果你也学会了憎恨某件事，请记住，有了承诺，它可以被连根拔起，爱可以在它的地方建立一个家。时间总是有的。空间也总是有的。)”以及上下文可知，文章通过自己练钢琴的经历领悟到：对东西的爱是可以逐渐培养形成的，所以B项Love is a thing that grows(爱是一种成长的东西)符合文意。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年5月发表在《环境与资源年度评论》杂志上的一篇对半个世纪鸟类种群研究的综述称，在全球范围内，失去的鸟类物种远远多于增加的鸟类物种。这篇题为《世界鸟类状况》的综述显示，超过5200种不同的鸟类——略少于世界鸟类总数的一半——已知或怀疑正在减少。文章主要对鸟类保护展开了说明。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Among birds on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, almost 400 birds worldwide have had their conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades (moving from vulnerable to threatened, or threatened to endangered) — five times more than the number of bird species with an IUCN status that has changed for the better.(在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录上的鸟类中，全球有近400种鸟类的保护状况在过去30年里发生了恶化（从易危到受威胁，或从受威胁到濒危）——这是国际自然保护联盟保护状况好转的鸟类数量的5倍多)”可知，世界自然保护联盟红色名录上的濒危物种是按保护状况排列的。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““After documenting the loss of nearly 3 billion birds in North America alone (according to a 2019 study published in the journal Science), it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population declines and extinction occurring globally,” says review coauthor Ken Rosenberg, a conservation scientist now retired from the Cormell Lab of Omithology.(“根据2019年发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，仅在记录了北美地区近30亿只鸟类的损失后，看到同样的数量下降和灭绝模式在全球发生，令人不安”该综述的合著者、现已从科梅尔鸟类学实验室退休的保护科学家肯·罗森伯格说)”可知，肯·罗森伯格说这句话感到担忧。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“In a note of hope, the authors cite a 2020 study indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could”以及后文“60% of likely extinctions”可知，在一份充满希望的报告中，作者引用了2020年的一项研究，该研究表明，只要恢复世界各地重点地区5%的栖息地，就可以阻止60%的可能灭绝。故画线词意思是“阻止”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Lead author Alexander Lees, a research associate at the Cormell Lab, also points to the need for substantial changes in human behavior to prevent further losses. “Loss and degradation of habitat is often driven by demand for resources,” says Lees. “We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef, oil, and seed crops can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”(该研究的主要作者、科梅尔实验室的助理研究员亚历山大·李斯还指出，为了防止进一步的损失，人类行为需要发生实质性的改变。“栖息地的丧失和退化往往是由对资源的需求引起的，”李斯说。“我们需要更好地考虑牛肉、石油和种子作物等商品流动是如何导致生物多样性丧失的，并努力减少人类对自然界的足迹。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是栖息地丧失的可能解决办法。故选B。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这还是一篇说明文。文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In their latest paper, they combined an existing data of more than 6000 prehistoric human skeletons with multiple studies of more recent historical populations from Europe and the US. (在他们最新的论文中，他们将6000多个史前人类骨骼的现有数据与来自欧洲和美国的最新历史人口的多项研究相结合。)”可知，Scheffler和Hermanussen通过将现有数据与最新研究相结合的方法进行研究。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Subramanian at Harvard University isn’t convinced by the pair’s interpretation. (哈佛大学的Subramanian并不相信这对两个人的解释。)”可知，Subramanian不相信Scheffler和Hermanussen的解释，持怀疑的态度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“After assessing nearly 163,000 children living in 55 low and middle-income countries, Subramanian’s team found that 42.9 percent had poor nutrition but’ no ‘sign of stunting(阻碍发育) or other physical indicators of this fact. (在评估了生活在55个低收入和中等收入国家的近163000名儿童后，Subramanian的研究小组发现，42.9%的儿童营养不良，但没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。)”可知，Subramanian的研究发现营养不良没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。故推知人的身高和营养关系不大，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For most of our history, humans have been short, a study has found. Until around 150 years ago, few people grew taller than 170 centimetres. (一项研究发现，在我们历史的大部分时间里，人类都是矮的。直到大约150年前，很少有人长到170厘米以上。)”及第六段“His team previously showed that the best predictor of a child’s height is the height of their parents. This suggests that the influence of other factors, such as social mobility, is limited. (他的团队此前表明，孩子身高的最佳预测指标是父母的身高。这表明社会流动性等其他因素的影响是有限的。)”可知，文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素，故选B。
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何应对情绪上的痛苦。
【16题详解】
空前说“Emotional pain is part of life.(情感上的痛苦是生活的一部分。)”，空后说“Whether the pain is associated with loss, failure, or disappointment, you must develop a strategy to lessen and manage the struggle.(无论痛苦是与失去、失败或失望有关，你必须制定一种策略来减少和管理这种挣扎。)”，因此光是知道痛苦的 存在是不够的，还要找方法来克服这个问题，D选项“Knowing that doesn’t seem to make it any easier.(知道这一点似乎并没有让事情变得更容易。)”说明了还需要想办法解决痛苦，故选D。
【17题详解】
本段的主题句是“Seek help from those close to you.(向你亲近的人寻求帮助。)”，因此本段是关于寻求帮助的，G选项“A strong support network can help you cope with your pain more effectively.(一个强大的支持网络可以帮助你更有效地应对你的痛苦。)”说明寻求他人支持和帮助的好处，因此符合本段语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“Sitting around missing someone will only make you feel worse. Sometimes you need to occupy yourself with new, more interesting things to do.(坐在那里想念一个人只会让你感觉更糟。有时你需要做一些新的、更有趣的事情。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要找一些新的事情来做，C选项“Fill your schedule with new agenda items.(用新的议程项目填满你的日程表。)”说明了找新的事情来每天进行，因此C选项概括本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。
【19题详解】
空前说“Volunteering will help you develop new skills, and begin or strengthen your connection with your community. It can also provide a boost to your self-esteem and personal development.(志愿服务将帮助你培养新的技能，并开始或加强你与社区的联系。它还能促进你的自尊和个人发展。)”，B选项“You will feel a “giver’s high”.(你会感到“给予者的快感”。)”中的“给予者”也就是空前所说的做志愿者，且说明了做志愿服务能带来的好处，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
空前说“You must determine clear objectives, carry them out, make adjustments as needed and monitor your progress.(你必须确定明确的目标，执行它们，根据需要做出调整，监督你的进展。)”，空后说“You can lessen your strict adherence (遵守) to the steps of your plan and maintain positive outcomes.(你可以减少对计划步骤的严格遵守，并保持积极的结果。)”，说明要适应新的行为，不需要坚持之前的计划不变，F选项“Your new behaviors will build over time and become second nature to you.(随着时间的推移，你的新行为会逐渐形成，并成为你的第二天性。)”说明了新行为是完全可以适应的，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者发现自己沉迷于手机，于是调整适用翻盖手机，最终作者适应了没有智能手机的生活，开始和家人专心相处。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. solution解决方案；B. response回答；C. access入口；D. reaction反应。根据后文“to my music, thousands of photos and videos”指可以访问音乐、照片和视频，应用access to。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. world世界；B. form表格；C. exchange交换；D. piece片。根据后文“of information”可知手机让作者可以进入一个信息的世界。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. receive收到；B. write写；C. answer回答；D. refresh使恢复精神，刷新。根据后文“my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need”指反复刷新电子邮件，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. skillfully巧妙地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. constantly不断地。根据后文“click on links to websites”可知此处是在说明手机带来的问题，让作者反复刷新电子邮件、在网上购买不需要的东西以及不断点击网站链接。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常向我的丈夫和我7岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。A. talk谈话；B. complain抱怨；C. prove证明；D. return返回。根据后文“that I felt trapped by it”可知作者在抱怨被手机困住了。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。A. predicted预测；B. discovered发现；C. considered考虑；D. claimed声称。根据后文“that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality”可知，作者发现了智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，它们也会影响你为人父母的能力，影响你和孩子呆在当下的能力。A. email邮件；B. reply回答；C. smile微笑；D. parent父亲（或母亲），为人父母。根据后文“remain in the present moment with your kids”可知手机影响了为人父母的能力，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天一天，当我和路易斯玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮叮的声音分散了注意力。A. Hence因此；B. However然而；C. Then然后；D. Still仍然。作者和儿子玩耍是之后发生的事情，then符合语境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最后谈到了我对智能手机的抱怨：“妈妈，拜托你放弃使用手机吧!”A. take it back拿回来；B. give it up放弃；C. break it down出故障；D. sort it out分类。上文提到作者被手机分散了注意力，所以儿子这里表示让作者放弃使用手机。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。A. charge电量；B. money钱；C. cellphone手机；D. plan计划。根据后文“I bought a flip phone and cell plan for $30 a month”可知，作者没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有触摸屏，发短信非常耗时。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. eye-opening大开眼界的；D. energy-saving节省能源的。根据上文“With no touch screen”可知，用翻盖手机发短信非常耗时。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比我想象的要容易得多，而且好处是值得的。A. easier更容易的；B. cooler更凉爽的；C. stricter更严格的；D. longer更长的。上文“While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing”中while引导让步状语从句，说明虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比想象的要容易得多，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在当我和儿子一起玩的时候，我能从他的微笑中看到积极的影响。A. in在里面；B. of属于；C. on在上面；D. with和。根据后文“his smiles”指在微笑中看到积极的影响，应用介词in。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. face脸；B. bed床；C. screen屏幕；D. book书籍。根据上文“And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the”以及作者适应了不适用智能机，所以不再盯着屏幕。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. create创造；B. lighten点亮；C. change改变；D. enjoy享受。根据后文“the atmosphere of the room I’m in”指享受房间的氛围，应用enjoy。故选D。
【答案】36. to preserve
37. samples
38. richer 39. improved
40. with 41. the
42. has been lost
43. and 44. are
45. why
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了面对不断变化的气候和不断增长的人口，加强世界未来的粮食安全从未像现在这样重要。这就是种子银行的作用，它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是种子银行的作用，它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。说明主语的内容，用不定式作表语。故填to preserve。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：该种子库坐落于寒冷的斯瓦尔巴群岛的一处山脚下，储存着超过100万份植物样本。sample为可数名词，由more than one million修饰应用复数形式。故填samples。
【38题详解】
考查比较级。句意：科学家对部分特定的种子进行了杂交和增压，以产出比普通品种富含更多锌、铁和维生素的优质豆类和木薯类品种。根据“than”可知，此处表示“更富含”应用比较级。故填richer。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产，将造福当地的公众健康。修饰后文名词varieties应用形容词improved，作定语。故填improved。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产，将造福当地的公众健康。后跟名词作宾语，表示“带有”应用介词with。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，在过去的一个世纪中，随着农户转向种植单一基因的高产作物，导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。为专有名词，前面需用定冠词。故填the。
42题详解】
考查时态。句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，在过去的一个世纪中，随着农户转向种植单一基因的高产作物，导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。此处作表语，应用be lost，再根据后文over the past century可知为现在完成时，主语为75% of global crop species，助动词用has。故填has been lost。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：与此同时，全球大约40%的作物有灭绝的风险，目前人类的食物仅来自寥寥数种植物和动物品种。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：尽管地球上有7000多种可食用植物，但区区三种——玉米、水稻和小麦，就提供了全球一半以上人口的主食。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为just three，谓语用复数。故填are。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：这就是为什么种子银行如此重要。表示“这就是为什么……”句型为That is why…。故填why。
【答案】
Dumpling is a traditional Chinese food. On the lunar New Year’s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings. It’s an easy process to make them. The first step is to mix the flour with water and make wrappers. When the wrappers are done, it’s time to prepare the filling. Usually we use meat and some vegetables for filling. When all these preparations are done, we can start making dumplings. First put a spoonful of filling in the center of the wrapper. Then stick the two opposite sides together and then the rest. The smell can make your mouth water.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作，现要求考生就介绍一道中国美食而写一篇演讲稿。其内容包括菜品介绍和制作过程。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很多：a lot of→plenty of 美味的：delicious→luscious 通常地：usually→commonly
首先：first→to begin with
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：On the lunar New Year’s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings. It’s an easy process to make them.
拓展句：On the lunar New Year’s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings, which is an easy process to make them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s an easy process to make them. (运用it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语)
【高分句型2】When the wrappers are done, it’s time to prepare the filling. (运用when引导的时间状语从句)
【答案】paragraph 1：
After a while, Chris and Mark, nearby farmers, were driving by the farm. Everett rushed towards them and stopped them, telling them what had happened. Hearing the accident from Everett, they picked him up and sped to Brandon house. Upon arrival, they quickly jumped off the truck and grabbed a long thick rope and then rush to the well.“Brandon,” they shouted, “We are going to send a rope down to you.” “OK, I will send Louie up first.” Brandon shouted back, freezing down there.
paragraph 2:
Twenty minutes later, Louie emerged(出现), then Brandon, both cold and wet. Struggling to his feet, Brandon hugged the two farmers tightly, whispering “You save our lives! Thank you!” Yet, Mark said,“It was actually Everett who saved your lives. Without him, we wouldn’t have known the accident. Let alone the rescue! ”Words could not express his surprise when the father turned to the 3-year-old boy. Everett cried, rushing to Brandon and Louie. Brandon held them tightly in arms, cherishing them like never before, and tears welled up in the eyes of this tough guy. Finally, they thanked the two farmers Chris and Mark again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Brandon喂完牛后和两个儿子Louie和Everett一起回家。Brandon关上牲口棚门后却发现大儿子不见了，问过小儿子Everett后得知Louie掉进了井里。于是Brandon跳进井里救Louie，但是因为水太深，两人都不能逃出。Brandon让井口的Everett到路边去寻求帮助。Everett答应了父亲，他站在路边。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句“过了一会儿，附近的农民克里斯和马克开车经过农场。”可知，第一段可描写两位农民在听到Everett的描述之后，两人加速开车到Brandon的农场救援两父子。
②由第二段首句“二十分钟后，路易出现了，然后是布兰登，又冷又湿。”可知，本段可描述两父子被救上来后，父亲感谢两位农民的救命之恩，而两位农民则说救他们父子俩的小儿子Everett。随后，父子三人相拥一起。
2. 续写线索
开车经过——了解情况——援救成功——感激——感恩。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①快速赶去：speed up/rush to/fly to
②大声回应：shout back/respond with a loud voice
③ 感谢：thank/show one’s gratitude
情绪类
①哭泣：tears well up in the eyes/eyes full of tears
②吃惊：surprise/astonishment/amazement
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Everett rushed towards them and stopped them, telling them what had happened.（运用了现在分词作状语和what引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
Struggling to his feet, Brandon hugged the two farmers tightly, whispering “You save our lives! Thank you!” （运用了现在分词作伴随状语）
英语（外研版）
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Nobody likes to spend money on a new book only to face disappointment when it doesn’t live up to your expectations. Here are the best book review sites to help you avoid buying books that you’ll regret reading.
Goodreads
Goodreads is the leading online community for book lovers. If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit. There are an endless number of user-generated reading lists to explore.
Fantasy Book Review
Fantasy Book Review should be high on the list for anyone who is a fan of fantasy works. The book review site publishes reviews for both children’s books and adults’ books. It has a section on the top fantasy books of all time.
Booklist
Booklist is a print magazine that also offers an online portal. Trusted experts from the American Library Association write all the book reviews. You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe.
YouTube
YouTube is not the type of place that immediately springs to mind when you think of the best book review sites online. However, there are several engaging YouTube channels that frequently offer opinions on books they’ve read.
Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy. This way, you can save your money and spend it on the books that you’ll be proud to display on your shelves for a long time.
1. Which site best suits people who want to buy a biography
A. Goodreads. B. Fantasy Book Review.
C. Booklist. D. YouTube.
2. What can visitors do on Booklist
A. Edit book reviews. B. Discuss with experts.
C. Read full reviews after payment. D. Find information about writers.
3. What is recommended before buying a book
A. Noting the book cover. B. Reading the book reviews.
C. Preparing a display shelf. D. Checking the book’s ratings.
B
It’s a classic story: A kid is forced to learn an instrument from a young age, they play it throughout their childhood, and they develop a bittersweet relationship with it. Is the constant battle between the love for the music and the hate for the constant challenge worth the fight For me, it was.
I started playing the piano when I was four-that was 15 years ago! This was huge commitment, so there must have been something worth holding on to, right
The easy guess is that I was purely in love with music and piano. Although that’s the sweeter tale, it’s a bit more complicated. I struggled a lot with piano. Family and peers were, at least in my own head, constantly placed beside me in competition. I felt pressure to be the best in order to prove something to others-and more devastatingly (破坏性地) to prove something to myself. The seed of my musical interest was grown in the sunlight of competition and doubt. Hate sprouted (滋生) when my self-criticism hit too hard.
It’s difficult to learn to love something that didn’t originate from love. For a while, piano was more of an annoyance than a hobby. But somehow, love grew. It was deeply buried. But it was there, and by high school,it was strong enough that when I was truly on the verge of quitting any kind of formal training. I found the strength to hold on tighter, and dig further. I switched teachers, and got incredibly lucky with one who helped me tunnel into what I loved. I learned pieces for myself, I composed for myself, and I found confidence not because I got “good enough,” but because I learned that anything I had was good enough.
The love and hate I’ve had for the piano were both planted and grown. If you too have learned to hate something, remember that with commitment, it can be uprooted, and love can make a home in its place. There is always time. There is always room.
4. What does the author want to show by telling a classic story
A. The benefits of music.
B. Kids’ struggle in learning instruments.
C. Kids’ bittersweet childhood.
D. The popularity of learning instruments.
5. What can we know about the author’s experience of playing the piano
A. She finally quit formal training.
B. She never treated it as her hobby.
C. She was in pure love with music and piano.
D. She once experienced great pressure from herself.
6. What helped the author find confidence
A. Her attitude. B. Her training.
C. Her compromise. D. Her achievement.
7. What message is mainly delivered in the passage
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Love is a thing that grows.
C. Content is better than riches.
D. Chance favors the prepared mind.
C
Around the globe far more bird species are losing ground than gaining, according to an expansive review of a half-century of bird population research published in the journal Annual Review of Environment and Resources in May.
The review, entitled The State of the World’s Birds, showed that more than 5,200 different species of birds-just shy of half the world’s total-are known or suspected to be declining. Around 3,800 species are relatively stable, and fewer than 700 species show increases. Among birds on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, almost 400 birds worldwide have had their conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades (moving from vulnerable to threatened, or threatened to endangered) — five times more than the number of bird species with an IUCN status that has changed for the better.
“After documenting the loss of nearly 3 billion birds in North America alone (according to a 2019 study published in the journal Science), it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population declines and extinction occurring globally,” says review coauthor Ken Rosenberg, a conservation scientist now retired from the Cormell Lab of Omithology.
The review points to disappearing and degraded habitat-resulting from climate change, urbanization, agricultural intensification, and international trade-as the leading driver of bird declines worldwide. In a note of hope, the authors cite a 2020 study indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could avert 60% of likely extinctions.
Lead author Alexander Lees, a research associate at the Cormell Lab, also points to the need for substantial changes in human behavior to prevent further losses. “Loss and degradation of habitat is often driven by demand for resources,” says Lees. “We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef, oil, and seed crops can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”
8. In what order are threatened species arranged on the IUCN’s Red List
A. Species quantity. B. Living habitat.
C. Declining rate. D. Conservation status.
9. How does Ken Rosenberg feel when saying the words
A Hopeful. B. Relieved.
C. Doubtful. D. Concerned.
10. What does the underlined “avert” mean in paragraph 4
A Prevent. B. Increase. C. Cause. D. Face.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Extra reasons for bird extinction. B. Possible solutions to habitat loss.
C. Substantial changes in human behavior. D. The prospect of biodiversity loss.
D
For most of our history, humans have been short, a study has found. Until around 150 years ago, few people grew taller than 170 centimetres.
Christiane Scheffler at the University of Potsdam and Michael Hermanussen in Altenhof have spent several years studying the height of people from a wide range of populations. In their latest paper, they combined an existing data of more than 6000 prehistoric human skeletons with multiple studies of more recent historical populations from Europe and the US. They also included their own data on 1666 present-day school children from Indonesia.
In the prehistoric populations, the maximum height for men was 165 to 170 centimetres, while women topped out at 160cm. Today, men in England have an average height of around 175 cm, while for women it is about 162 cm.
But there is significant variation between modern countries. The Indonesian school children in the study were shorter than similarly aged children from the US, despite being well-nourished.
Scheffler and Hermanussen argue that height can be a signal of dominance(显赫地位), so in societies where it is possible to move up through the social classes, evolution favours individuals who reach a greater height.
Subramanian at Harvard University isn’t convinced by the pair’s interpretation. His team previously showed that the best predictor of a child’s height is the height of their parents. This suggests that the influence of other factors, such as social mobility, is limited.
After assessing nearly 163,000 children living in 55 low and middle-income countries, Subramanian’s team found that 42.9 percent had poor nutrition but’ no ‘sign of stunting(阻碍发育) or other physical indicators of this fact.
This implies there is a lot of hidden malnutrition that doesn’t reveal itself through stunting. A person’s nutritional condition should be assessed by looking at their diet not their height, says Subramanian.
12. How did Scheffler and Hermanussen conduct the research
A. Studying the skeletons of prehistoric human.
B. Combining existing data with recent research.
C. Assessing children living in various income areas.
D. Analyzing the results of other scientists’ researches.
13. What’s Subramanian’s attitude towards the explanation of Scheffler and Hermanussen
A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive.
14. What can we infer from Subramanian’s study
A. Poor nutrition delays physical development.
B. A balanced diet contributes to growing taller.
C. High social classes can reach a greater height.
D. A human’s height has little to do with nutrition.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. The significance that lies in nutrition.
B. The factors that influence human’s height.
C. The importance that humans attach to height.
D. The reasons why prehistoric humans were short.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emotional pain is part of life. ___16___ Whether the pain is associated with loss, failure, or disappointment, you must develop a strategy to lessen and manage the struggle. By taking action you will learn to cope with emotional pain.
Seek help from those close to you. Asking for help can be awkward. However, if you let someone know that you are trying to make specific changes in your life, it will increase the likelihood of your success. ___17___ It is important for you to let others know what you are trying to achieve.
___18___ Sitting around missing someone will only make you feel worse. Sometimes you need to occupy yourself with new, more interesting things to do. Have you ever thought about learning to play a musical instrument or becoming a master gardener Now might be your time.
Volunteer your time to a cause. One way of coping with emotional pain is to volunteer your time, resources, or expertise to a worthy cause or individual. Volunteering will help you develop new skills, and begin or strengthen your connection with your community. It can also provide a boost to your self-esteem and personal development. ___19___
Make a plan to build coping skills. Following a problem-solving model will give you a structure for creating change. You must determine clear objectives carry them out, make adjustments as needed and monitor your progress. ___20___ You can lessen your strict adherence (遵守) to the steps of your plan and maintain positive outcomes.
A. Focus on the positive.
B. You will feel a “giver’s high”.
C. Fill your schedule with new agenda items.
D. Knowing that doesn’t seem to make it any easier.
E. Emotional pain, however, can take much longer to wear off.
F. Your new behaviors will build over time and become second nature to you.
G. A strong support network can help you cope with your pain more effectively.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I got my first smartphone, I loved it.It gave me instant ___21___ to my music, thousands of photos and videos and a(n) ___22___ of information. But over time, my feelings became controversial. I would repeatedly ___23___ my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and ___24___ click on links to websites. I’d often ___25___ to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
So I began to research studies on the mental health effects of smartphone use. I ___26___ that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality. Unsurprisingly, they also impact your ability to ___27___ and to remain in the present moment with your kids.
___28___, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted (分心) by dings and pings. He finally related to my complaints about my smartphone: “Mommy, just ___29___, please!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey — no ___30___at all — I bought a flip phone (翻盖手机) and cell plan for $30 a month. With no touch screen, texting is ___31___. I can’t access email, music or social media and don’t even try browsing the web without a touch screen. While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing, it’s ___32___ than I thought it would be and the benefits are worth it. Now when I’m playing with my son, I can see the positive effect ___33___ his smiles. And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the ___34___, I light candles, grab a book and ___35___ the atmosphere of the room I’m in.
21. A. solution B. response C. access D. reaction
22. A. world B. form C. exchange D. piece
23. A. receive B. write C. answer D. refresh
24. A. skillfully B. occasionally C. hurriedly D. constantly
25. A. talk B. complain C. prove D. return
26. A. predicted B. discovered C. considered D. claimed
27. A. email B. reply C. smile D. parent
28. A. Hence B. However C. Then D. Still
29. A. take it back B. give it up C. break it down D. sort it out
30. A. charge B. money C. cellphone D. plan
31. A. heart-breaking B. time-consuming C. eye-opening D. energy-saving
32. A. easier B. cooler C. stricter D. longer
33. A. in B. of C. on D. with
34. A. face B. bed C. screen D. book
35. A. create B. lighten C. change D. enjoy
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the face of a changing climate and an ever-growing population, strengthening the world’s future food security has never been more important. That’s where seed banks come in, and their goal is ___36___ (preserve) as many plant species as possible. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway is the so-called “mothership” of seed banks and stores back-ups of more than one million plant ___37___ (sample).
Scientists have cross-bred (杂交) certain seeds to produce beans and potatoes that are ___38___(rich) in vitamins, zinc and iron than standard varieties. These ___39___ (improve) varieties have been sent to Africa and elsewhere in Latin America, ___40___ benefits for public health. But seed bankers still need to work fast.
According to ___41___ UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 75% of global crop species ___42___ (lose) over the past century. At the same time, about 40% of the world’s plant species are at risk of extinction, ___43___ most of the world’s food comes from just a handful of plant and animal species. Though there are more than 7,000 plant species on the planet, just three——rice, maize and wheat——___44___ (be) the staple food of over half the world’s population. That is ____45____ seed banks are so important.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，即将参加学校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.菜品介绍：
2.制作过程。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右：
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
On a late afternoon, Brandon finished feeding his cows on the farm and decided to go back with his two sons, Louie, 6, and Everett, 3. As they headed for the house, the two boys ran ahead of their father. Suddenly Brandon was aware he forgot to close the door of the barn (牲口棚). He told the boys to wait for him at the gate and returned to lock it. When he was at the gate minutes later, he saw only his youngest son.
“ Where’s Louie ” he shouted.
“He fell in the hole!” Everett said.
Brandon quickly realized what had happened. Noooo, he thought. Louie can barely swim! He ran to the well and heard Louie splashing, trying not to . Instinctively, he jumped in.
Somehow Brandon managed to grab on to a pipe that ran down the side of the well, which slowed his fall and kept him from crushing (挤压) his son.
Finally,Brandon hit the freezing water at the bottom of the well. He popped his head out of the water and grabbed Louie, who was panicking and trying to stay afloat in water that was too deep for either of them to stand. Knowing they could tread (踩水) for only so long, Brandon lifted his son onto his chest as he packed his own back against the narrow walls for support.
“All right, Dad, you can pull us out now,” Louie said.
If only it were that easy. There was no way he could climb out. The pipe that he’d grabbed during his fall was too slippery to be of any use. There was only one way out.
Looking up to see Everett peering down at them from the top of the well, Brandon shouted, “Everett, you’re going to have to be a big boy and save us. Run to the road and stand by the mailbox until someone stops. Tell them we need help. ”
Everett did as he was told. He stood alone by the side of the road, waving to stop someone.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a while, Chris and Mark, nearby farmers, were driving by the farm.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Twenty minutes later, Louie emerged (出现), then Brandon, both cold and wet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读理解+七选五
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F
完形填空
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D
【答案】36. to preserve 37. samples 38. richer 39. improved 40. with 41. the
42. has been lost 43. and 44. are 45. why
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个书评网站的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“If you want some inspiration for which novel or biography to read next, this is the best book review site to visit.(如果你想要一些下一本小说或传记的灵感，这是最好的书评网站访问)”可知，Goodreads最适合想买传记的人。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“You can see parts of reviews for different books. However, to read them in full, you will need to subscribe. (你可以看到不同书籍的部分评论。然而，要完整阅读它们，你需要订阅)”可知，访客可以在Booklist上付款后阅读完整的评论。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Although it’s easy to be attracted by an impressive book cover, it’s always best to have a quick look at the book reviews before actually buying a copy.(尽管人们很容易被一本令人印象深刻的书的封面所吸引，但在真正购买之前，最好还是快速浏览一下书评)”可知，在买书之前，建议阅读书评。故选B。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】Z这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述自己在学习钢琴过程中的爱与恨以及自己感悟。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“It’s a classic story: A kid is forced to learn an instrument from a young age, they play it throughout their childhood, and they develop a bittersweet relationship with it. Is the constant battle between the love for the music and the hate for the constant challenge worth the fight For me, it was.(这是一个经典的故事：一个孩子从小就被迫学习一种乐器，他们在整个童年时期都在演奏，并与之发展出苦乐参半的关系。对音乐的热爱和对不断挑战的憎恨之间不断的斗争值得吗？对我来说，是的。)”可知，文章讲故事是为了说明孩子们在学乐器方面的挣扎，然后引出介绍自己的情况。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“ I felt pressure to be the best in order to prove something to others-and more devastatingly (破坏性地) to prove something to myself. The seed of my musical interest was grown in the sunlight of competition and doubt.(为了向别人证明一些东西，我感受到了成为最好的人的压力——更具毁灭性的是，为了向自己证明一些东西。我对音乐的兴趣在竞争和怀疑的阳光下生长。)”可知，作者曾经经历了来自自己的巨大压力。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“I learned pieces for myself, I composed for myself, and I found confidence not because I got “good enough,” but because I learned that anything I had was good enough.(我为自己学习曲子，为自己作曲，我找到了自信，不是因为我“足够好”，而是因为我知道我所拥有的一切都足够好。)”可知，作者找到自信地原因是自己态度的转变，对一切的重新认识。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“It’s difficult to learn to love something that didn’t originate from love. (很难学会去爱一些不是源于爱的东西。)”以及文章最后一段“The love and hate I’ve had for the piano were both planted and grown. If you too have learned to hate something, remember that with commitment, it can be uprooted, and love can make a home in its place. There is always time. There is always room.(我对钢琴的爱和恨都是种下的，也是成长的。如果你也学会了憎恨某件事，请记住，有了承诺，它可以被连根拔起，爱可以在它的地方建立一个家。时间总是有的。空间也总是有的。)”以及上下文可知，文章通过自己练钢琴的经历领悟到：对东西的爱是可以逐渐培养形成的，所以B项Love is a thing that grows(爱是一种成长的东西)符合文意。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年5月发表在《环境与资源年度评论》杂志上的一篇对半个世纪鸟类种群研究的综述称，在全球范围内，失去的鸟类物种远远多于增加的鸟类物种。这篇题为《世界鸟类状况》的综述显示，超过5200种不同的鸟类——略少于世界鸟类总数的一半——已知或怀疑正在减少。文章主要对鸟类保护展开了说明。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Among birds on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, almost 400 birds worldwide have had their conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades (moving from vulnerable to threatened, or threatened to endangered) — five times more than the number of bird species with an IUCN status that has changed for the better.(在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录上的鸟类中，全球有近400种鸟类的保护状况在过去30年里发生了恶化（从易危到受威胁，或从受威胁到濒危）——这是国际自然保护联盟保护状况好转的鸟类数量的5倍多)”可知，世界自然保护联盟红色名录上的濒危物种是按保护状况排列的。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““After documenting the loss of nearly 3 billion birds in North America alone (according to a 2019 study published in the journal Science), it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population declines and extinction occurring globally,” says review coauthor Ken Rosenberg, a conservation scientist now retired from the Cormell Lab of Omithology.(“根据2019年发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，仅在记录了北美地区近30亿只鸟类的损失后，看到同样的数量下降和灭绝模式在全球发生，令人不安”该综述的合著者、现已从科梅尔鸟类学实验室退休的保护科学家肯·罗森伯格说)”可知，肯·罗森伯格说这句话感到担忧。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“In a note of hope, the authors cite a 2020 study indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could”以及后文“60% of likely extinctions”可知，在一份充满希望的报告中，作者引用了2020年的一项研究，该研究表明，只要恢复世界各地重点地区5%的栖息地，就可以阻止60%的可能灭绝。故画线词意思是“阻止”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Lead author Alexander Lees, a research associate at the Cormell Lab, also points to the need for substantial changes in human behavior to prevent further losses. “Loss and degradation of habitat is often driven by demand for resources,” says Lees. “We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef, oil, and seed crops can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”(该研究的主要作者、科梅尔实验室的助理研究员亚历山大·李斯还指出，为了防止进一步的损失，人类行为需要发生实质性的改变。“栖息地的丧失和退化往往是由对资源的需求引起的，”李斯说。“我们需要更好地考虑牛肉、石油和种子作物等商品流动是如何导致生物多样性丧失的，并努力减少人类对自然界的足迹。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是栖息地丧失的可能解决办法。故选B。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这还是一篇说明文。文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In their latest paper, they combined an existing data of more than 6000 prehistoric human skeletons with multiple studies of more recent historical populations from Europe and the US. (在他们最新的论文中，他们将6000多个史前人类骨骼的现有数据与来自欧洲和美国的最新历史人口的多项研究相结合。)”可知，Scheffler和Hermanussen通过将现有数据与最新研究相结合的方法进行研究。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Subramanian at Harvard University isn’t convinced by the pair’s interpretation. (哈佛大学的Subramanian并不相信这对两个人的解释。)”可知，Subramanian不相信Scheffler和Hermanussen的解释，持怀疑的态度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“After assessing nearly 163,000 children living in 55 low and middle-income countries, Subramanian’s team found that 42.9 percent had poor nutrition but’ no ‘sign of stunting(阻碍发育) or other physical indicators of this fact. (在评估了生活在55个低收入和中等收入国家的近163000名儿童后，Subramanian的研究小组发现，42.9%的儿童营养不良，但没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。)”可知，Subramanian的研究发现营养不良没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。故推知人的身高和营养关系不大，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For most of our history, humans have been short, a study has found. Until around 150 years ago, few people grew taller than 170 centimetres. (一项研究发现，在我们历史的大部分时间里，人类都是矮的。直到大约150年前，很少有人长到170厘米以上。)”及第六段“His team previously showed that the best predictor of a child’s height is the height of their parents. This suggests that the influence of other factors, such as social mobility, is limited. (他的团队此前表明，孩子身高的最佳预测指标是父母的身高。这表明社会流动性等其他因素的影响是有限的。)”可知，文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素，故选B。
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何应对情绪上的痛苦。
【16题详解】
空前说“Emotional pain is part of life.(情感上的痛苦是生活的一部分。)”，空后说“Whether the pain is associated with loss, failure, or disappointment, you must develop a strategy to lessen and manage the struggle.(无论痛苦是与失去、失败或失望有关，你必须制定一种策略来减少和管理这种挣扎。)”，因此光是知道痛苦的 存在是不够的，还要找方法来克服这个问题，D选项“Knowing that doesn’t seem to make it any easier.(知道这一点似乎并没有让事情变得更容易。)”说明了还需要想办法解决痛苦，故选D。
【17题详解】
本段的主题句是“Seek help from those close to you.(向你亲近的人寻求帮助。)”，因此本段是关于寻求帮助的，G选项“A strong support network can help you cope with your pain more effectively.(一个强大的支持网络可以帮助你更有效地应对你的痛苦。)”说明寻求他人支持和帮助的好处，因此符合本段语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“Sitting around missing someone will only make you feel worse. Sometimes you need to occupy yourself with new, more interesting things to do.(坐在那里想念一个人只会让你感觉更糟。有时你需要做一些新的、更有趣的事情。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要找一些新的事情来做，C选项“Fill your schedule with new agenda items.(用新的议程项目填满你的日程表。)”说明了找新的事情来每天进行，因此C选项概括本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。
【19题详解】
空前说“Volunteering will help you develop new skills, and begin or strengthen your connection with your community. It can also provide a boost to your self-esteem and personal development.(志愿服务将帮助你培养新的技能，并开始或加强你与社区的联系。它还能促进你的自尊和个人发展。)”，B选项“You will feel a “giver’s high”.(你会感到“给予者的快感”。)”中的“给予者”也就是空前所说的做志愿者，且说明了做志愿服务能带来的好处，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
空前说“You must determine clear objectives, carry them out, make adjustments as needed and monitor your progress.(你必须确定明确的目标，执行它们，根据需要做出调整，监督你的进展。)”，空后说“You can lessen your strict adherence (遵守) to the steps of your plan and maintain positive outcomes.(你可以减少对计划步骤的严格遵守，并保持积极的结果。)”，说明要适应新的行为，不需要坚持之前的计划不变，F选项“Your new behaviors will build over time and become second nature to you.(随着时间的推移，你的新行为会逐渐形成，并成为你的第二天性。)”说明了新行为是完全可以适应的，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者发现自己沉迷于手机，于是调整适用翻盖手机，最终作者适应了没有智能手机的生活，开始和家人专心相处。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. solution解决方案；B. response回答；C. access入口；D. reaction反应。根据后文“to my music, thousands of photos and videos”指可以访问音乐、照片和视频，应用access to。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. world世界；B. form表格；C. exchange交换；D. piece片。根据后文“of information”可知手机让作者可以进入一个信息的世界。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. receive收到；B. write写；C. answer回答；D. refresh使恢复精神，刷新。根据后文“my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need”指反复刷新电子邮件，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. skillfully巧妙地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. constantly不断地。根据后文“click on links to websites”可知此处是在说明手机带来的问题，让作者反复刷新电子邮件、在网上购买不需要的东西以及不断点击网站链接。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常向我的丈夫和我7岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。A. talk谈话；B. complain抱怨；C. prove证明；D. return返回。根据后文“that I felt trapped by it”可知作者在抱怨被手机困住了。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。A. predicted预测；B. discovered发现；C. considered考虑；D. claimed声称。根据后文“that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality”可知，作者发现了智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，它们也会影响你为人父母的能力，影响你和孩子呆在当下的能力。A. email邮件；B. reply回答；C. smile微笑；D. parent父亲（或母亲），为人父母。根据后文“remain in the present moment with your kids”可知手机影响了为人父母的能力，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天一天，当我和路易斯玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮叮的声音分散了注意力。A. Hence因此；B. However然而；C. Then然后；D. Still仍然。作者和儿子玩耍是之后发生的事情，then符合语境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最后谈到了我对智能手机的抱怨：“妈妈，拜托你放弃使用手机吧!”A. take it back拿回来；B. give it up放弃；C. break it down出故障；D. sort it out分类。上文提到作者被手机分散了注意力，所以儿子这里表示让作者放弃使用手机。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。A. charge电量；B. money钱；C. cellphone手机；D. plan计划。根据后文“I bought a flip phone and cell plan for $30 a month”可知，作者没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有触摸屏，发短信非常耗时。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. eye-opening大开眼界的；D. energy-saving节省能源的。根据上文“With no touch screen”可知，用翻盖手机发短信非常耗时。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比我想象的要容易得多，而且好处是值得的。A. easier更容易的；B. cooler更凉爽的；C. stricter更严格的；D. longer更长的。上文“While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing”中while引导让步状语从句，说明虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比想象的要容易得多，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在当我和儿子一起玩的时候，我能从他的微笑中看到积极的影响。A. in在里面；B. of属于；C. on在上面；D. with和。根据后文“his smiles”指在微笑中看到积极的影响，应用介词in。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. face脸；B. bed床；C. screen屏幕；D. book书籍。根据上文“And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the”以及作者适应了不适用智能机，所以不再盯着屏幕。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. create创造；B. lighten点亮；C. change改变；D. enjoy享受。根据后文“the atmosphere of the room I’m in”指享受房间的氛围，应用enjoy。故选D。
【答案】36. to preserve
37. samples
38. richer 39. improved
40. with 41. the
42. has been lost
43. and 44. are
45. why
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了面对不断变化的气候和不断增长的人口，加强世界未来的粮食安全从未像现在这样重要。这就是种子银行的作用，它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是种子银行的作用，它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。说明主语的内容，用不定式作表语。故填to preserve。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：该种子库坐落于寒冷的斯瓦尔巴群岛的一处山脚下，储存着超过100万份植物样本。sample为可数名词，由more than one million修饰应用复数形式。故填samples。
【38题详解】
考查比较级。句意：科学家对部分特定的种子进行了杂交和增压，以产出比普通品种富含更多锌、铁和维生素的优质豆类和木薯类品种。根据“than”可知，此处表示“更富含”应用比较级。故填richer。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产，将造福当地的公众健康。修饰后文名词varieties应用形容词improved，作定语。故填improved。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产，将造福当地的公众健康。后跟名词作宾语，表示“带有”应用介词with。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，在过去的一个世纪中，随着农户转向种植单一基因的高产作物，导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。为专有名词，前面需用定冠词。故填the。
42题详解】
考查时态。句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，在过去的一个世纪中，随着农户转向种植单一基因的高产作物，导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。此处作表语，应用be lost，再根据后文over the past century可知为现在完成时，主语为75% of global crop species，助动词用has。故填has been lost。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：与此同时，全球大约40%的作物有灭绝的风险，目前人类的食物仅来自寥寥数种植物和动物品种。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：尽管地球上有7000多种可食用植物，但区区三种——玉米、水稻和小麦，就提供了全球一半以上人口的主食。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为just three，谓语用复数。故填are。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：这就是为什么种子银行如此重要。表示“这就是为什么……”句型为That is why…。故填why。
【答案】
Dumpling is a traditional Chinese food. On the lunar New Year’s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings. It’s an easy process to make them. The first step is to mix the flour with water and make wrappers. When the wrappers are done, it’s time to prepare the filling. Usually we use meat and some vegetables for filling. When all these preparations are done, we can start making dumplings. First put a spoonful of filling in the center of the wrapper. Then stick the two opposite sides together and then the rest. The smell can make your mouth water.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作，现要求考生就介绍一道中国美食而写一篇演讲稿。其内容包括菜品介绍和制作过程。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很多：a lot of→plenty of 美味的：delicious→luscious 通常地：usually→commonly
首先：first→to begin with
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：On the lunar New Year’s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings. It’s an easy process to make them.
拓展句：On the lunar New Year’s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings, which is an easy process to make them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s an easy process to make them. (运用it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语)
【高分句型2】When the wrappers are done, it’s time to prepare the filling. (运用when引导的时间状语从句)
【答案】paragraph 1：
After a while, Chris and Mark, nearby farmers, were driving by the farm. Everett rushed towards them and stopped them, telling them what had happened. Hearing the accident from Everett, they picked him up and sped to Brandon house. Upon arrival, they quickly jumped off the truck and grabbed a long thick rope and then rush to the well.“Brandon,” they shouted, “We are going to send a rope down to you.” “OK, I will send Louie up first.” Brandon shouted back, freezing down there.
paragraph 2:
Twenty minutes later, Louie emerged(出现), then Brandon, both cold and wet. Struggling to his feet, Brandon hugged the two farmers tightly, whispering “You save our lives! Thank you!” Yet, Mark said,“It was actually Everett who saved your lives. Without him, we wouldn’t have known the accident. Let alone the rescue! ”Words could not express his surprise when the father turned to the 3-year-old boy. Everett cried, rushing to Brandon and Louie. Brandon held them tightly in arms, cherishing them like never before, and tears welled up in the eyes of this tough guy. Finally, they thanked the two farmers Chris and Mark again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Brandon喂完牛后和两个儿子Louie和Everett一起回家。Brandon关上牲口棚门后却发现大儿子不见了，问过小儿子Everett后得知Louie掉进了井里。于是Brandon跳进井里救Louie，但是因为水太深，两人都不能逃出。Brandon让井口的Everett到路边去寻求帮助。Everett答应了父亲，他站在路边。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句“过了一会儿，附近的农民克里斯和马克开车经过农场。”可知，第一段可描写两位农民在听到Everett的描述之后，两人加速开车到Brandon的农场救援两父子。
②由第二段首句“二十分钟后，路易出现了，然后是布兰登，又冷又湿。”可知，本段可描述两父子被救上来后，父亲感谢两位农民的救命之恩，而两位农民则说救他们父子俩的小儿子Everett。随后，父子三人相拥一起。
2. 续写线索
开车经过——了解情况——援救成功——感激——感恩。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①快速赶去：speed up/rush to/fly to
②大声回应：shout back/respond with a loud voice
③ 感谢：thank/show one’s gratitude
情绪类
①哭泣：tears well up in the eyes/eyes full of tears
②吃惊：surprise/astonishment/amazement
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Everett rushed towards them and stopped them, telling them what had happened.（运用了现在分词作状语和what引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
Struggling to his feet, Brandon hugged the two farmers tightly, whispering “You save our lives! Thank you!” （运用了现在分词作伴随状语）
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