专题01 阅读理解（第06期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编
阅读理解【江苏省南京外国语学校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion (凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York &Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home-a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines -each one complementing the other in a symbiotic (共生的) relationship.
1．What is special about Gotham Greens
A．It provides job training for students. B．It uses high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
C．It creates a sustainable garden on a large boat. D．It offers homeless families information on healthy eating.
2．Which urban garden offers first-hand farming experience
A．Gotham Greens. B．Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
C．Revision Urban Farm. D．Swale.
3．What do these four urban gardens have in common
A．They are inspirational multinational project. B．They have educational and entertaining purposes.
C．They create job opportunities for farmers. D．They are important for city dwellers.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍美国4个鼓舞人心的城市花园。
1．细节理解题。根据Gotham Greens中的“It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.(该公司正在使用带有太阳能电池板的高科技温室，以确保种植的食物是健康和可持续的。)”可知Gotham Greens的特别之处是使用高科技温室种植健康食品，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students中的“The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.( BUGS项目鼓励学生们通过课后和暑期项目亲自动手种植蔬菜。这些孩子中的许多人没有接触到绿色空间，也从来没有机会种植食物。)”可知BUGS项目能提供第一手的农耕经验，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion (凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US. (城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们提供绿色空间，种植可持续的食物，建立社区凝聚力，结交新朋友，与地球相连，等等。所以，让我们来看看我们列出的美国4个鼓舞人心的城市花园。)”可推断城市花园对城市居民很重要，所以这个4个城市花园的共同点也是对城市的居民很重要，故选D。
“What kind of stuff do you write ” one student asked on my first day at the University. After a decade away from the classroom, I was back to teaching.
“I write newspaper and magazine articles,” I said, “and creative non-fiction, as you’ll be doing.” It was a lie. I couldn’t remember when I’d last written a creative essay. It must have been before my distant mother fell ill, leaving me resigned to the idea that our story of family dysfunction would not end happily. It seemed that nothing I wrote could change that.
With a surplus of time and lack of inspiration, I accepted a position to teach creative non-fiction. Although I couldn’t get myself to tell my own stories, I could require that my students tell theirs. “You’re going to be keeping a journal,” I said with the kind of firm authority that didn’t work as self-talk. “And I want you to tell your stories like they matter.”
“Why do they matter ” a boy named Michael asked. Half-Chinese, half-Irish, he was outlaw handsome with a hard-set jaw and dark eyes. “I mean, who cares about our stories ”
Looking out at the students, I realized I didn’t have an answer. I stuttered, buying myself some time.
No one said a word. Either they didn’t know, or they were shy. Perhaps they were just tired from their busy lives. Many, I learned, worked full-time while in school full-time. Most, I assumed, didn’t have the faintest idea that their stories did matter.
Finally, I looked at Michael. “They matter because they do.” I said, lamely grappling for clarity. “Because it’s what you have. When you shape your experience into a story, it becomes yours and not just something that happened to you.”
Michael didn’t look convinced, but he didn’t challenge me, either.
In his first essay, Michael wrote about how he grew up on the streets of one of the worst neighbourhoods in Boston. He wrote about the night he was out with two other young men and had a pistol pointed at his face:
In that moment everything went blank. A rush of adrenaline (肾上腺素) and the feeling of numbness shot through my body as the guy cocked back the hammer. A cruiser drove by: giving us enough time to flee but a week later those guys I was with were shot. One took a bullet in the leg: the other took a bullet in the chest. Minutes after I got that news, I decided I was going to college.
He went on to write about how his high school English teacher, an elderly woman who saw his potential, helped him fill out a college application. Also with the help of other teachers, he came to this school.
I had Michael read his essay out loud. After he finished the class went so still that we could hear the sound of each other’s breath. I looked at Michael and saw a small softening in his dark eyes. When he finally sat back in his chair, it was like a coil unwinding.
After a moment, I said, “That’s why you tell your stories.”
I went home that night and picked up my journal from where it lay, dusty and untouched, by the side of my bed. I found a pen and gathered myself in a blanket. For the first time in months, I had to write.
4．Why did the author tell a lie
A．He intended to get acquainted with students.
B．He wanted to strike students as professional.
C．He wanted to conceal the fact of being born unhappy
D．He couldn’t remember when he last wrote an essay.
5．What was Michael’s reaction to the author’s requirement
A．Supportive B．Angry. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
6．What do we know from Michael’s story
A．He used to be involved in criminal activities.
B．He didn’t receive any formal education before college.
C．He successfully applied for a college all on his own.
D．He was dissatisfied with his previous life and wanted to make a change.
7．What is the importance of telling your stories according to the author
A．It adds color to our busy daily life.
B．It gives us inspiration for future life.
C．It provides us with an opportunity to rewrite our destiny.
D．It allows us to make meaning of what we’ve been through.
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．D 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在大学工作的第一天鼓励学生去写一些创造性的故事，并因此事而明白了写作的真实意义，从而激发了自己写作的动力。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段的“I said with the kind of firm authority that didn’t work as self-talk.(我用那种坚定的权威说，不像是自言自语)”可知，作者撒谎是为了维护权威，给学生留下好的印象。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第八段中的“Michael didn’t look convinced, but he didn’t challenge me, either.(迈克尔看起来不相信，但他也没有挑战我)”可知，Michael既没挑战也没有接受，所以持怀疑态度。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第十段Michael讲述的故事中的“One took a bullet in the leg: the other took a bullet in the chest. Minutes after I got that news, I decided I was going to college.(其中一人腿部中弹，另一人胸部中弹。在我得到这个消息几分钟后，我决定要上大学)”可推断，Michael对自己以前的生活不满，想要寻求改变。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“After he finished the class went so still that we could hear the sound of each other’s breath. I looked at Michael and saw a smal1 softening in his dark eyes.(他讲述完后，我们安静下来，我们能听到彼此的呼吸声。我看着迈克尔，看到他漆黑的眼睛里有一丝柔和)”对Michael讲述完后全班氛围的描述，以及后文“When he finally sat back in his chair, it was like a coil unwinding.(当他最后坐回椅子上时，就像一个线圈在松开)”Michael坐回到座位后的表现可推断，作者明白了讲故事会让自己经历过的事情变得有意义，从而在最后一段有了第一次真正想写日记的想法。故选D项。
Our character, basically, is a composite of our habits. “Sow a thought, reap an action; sow an action, reap a habit; sow a habit, reap a character; sow a character, reap a destiny,” the maxim goes.
Habits are powerful factors in our lives. Because they are consistent, often unconscious patterns, they constantly, daily, express our character and produce our effectiveness…or ineffectiveness.
As Horace Mann, the great educator, once said, “Habits are like a cable. We weave a strand of it every day and soon it cannot be broken.” I personally do not agree with the last part of his expression. I know they can be broken. Habits can be learned and unlearned. But I also know it isn’t a quick fix. It involves a process and a tremendous commitment.
Those of us who watched the lunar voyage of Apollo 11 were transfixed as we saw the first men walk on the moon and return to earth. Superlatives such as “fantastic” and “incredible” were inadequate to describe those eventful days. But to get there, those astronauts literally had to break out of the tremendous gravity pull of the earth. More energy was spent in the first few minutes of lift-off, in the first few miles of travel, than was used over the next several days to travel half a million miles.
Habits, too, have tremendous gravity pull-more than most people realize or would admit. Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness involves more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. “Lift-off” takes a tremendous effort, but once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom takes on a whole new dimension.
Like any natural force, the gravity pull can work with us or against us. The gravity pull of some of our habits may currently be keeping us from going where we want to go. But it is also the gravity pull that keeps our world together, that keeps the planets in their orbits and our universe in order. It is a powerful force, and if we use it effectively, we can use the gravity pull of habit to create the cohesiveness and order necessary to establish effectiveness in our lives.
8．The author disagrees with Horace Mann because the latter believes ______.
A．habits are like a cable B．habits can be leaned
C．habits learning is hard D．habits cannot be broken
9．The author compares launching spacecraft and breaking old habits mainly because ______.
A．They both involve a little willpower.
B．A lot of effort is needed during both the processes.
C．They both take a tremendous effort in the beginning
D．Once done, they’ll ensure people unlimited freedom.
10．What is the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The breakoff of habits B．Powerful factors in our lives
C．The lift-off of gravity pull D．Important habits in our lives
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．A 11．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲人的品德基本上是由习惯组成的。习惯对我们的生活有很大的影响， 经年累月影响着我们的品德，暴露出我们的本性，左右着我们的成败，而我们也可以改变习惯。
8．细节理解题。由文章第三段“As Horace Mann, the great educator, once said, ‘Habits are like a cable. We weave a strand of it every day and soon it cannot be broken.’ I personally do not agree with the last part of his expression. (正如伟大的教育家霍勒斯·曼曾经说过的那样，‘习惯就像一根电缆。我们每天编织一股，很快它就无法被打破。’我个人不同意他的最后一句话。)”可知，作者不同意Horace Mann的观点：习惯是无法打破的。故选D项。
9．推理判断题。由文章第四段“More energy was spent in the first few minutes of lift-off, in the first few miles of travel, than was used over the next several days to travel half a million miles.(在起飞的最初几分钟，在飞行的最初几英里，所消耗的能量比接下来几天的50万英里要多。)”以及和第五段“Habits, too, have tremendous gravity pull-more than most people realize or would admit. Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness involves more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives.‘Lift-off’ takes a tremendous effort...(习惯也具有巨大的引力，比大多数人意识到或承认的更大。打破根深蒂固的习惯性倾向，如拖延、急躁、吹毛求疵或自私，这些都违反了人类有效性的基本原则，这不仅仅是一点点意志力和我们生活中的一些小变化。“拔出”需要巨大的努力……)”可知，作者将发射太空飞船和打破旧习惯进行类比是为了说明它们在刚开始的时候都需要巨大的努力。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。通读全文分析文章结构后可知，文章第一、二段是并列关系，主要讲习惯是我们生活中的重要因素，它是我们性格的综合表现；文章第三段作者提出自己的观点：习惯是可以改变的；文章四、五、六段是并列关系，主要说明改变习惯刚开始是需要很大的努力以及我们应该平衡习惯的利与弊，从而让它更好服务我们生活。由上分析再结合选项可知，应选A项。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。由文章第三段“As Horace Mann, the great educator, once said, ‘Habits are like a cable. We weave a strand of it every day and soon it cannot be broken.’ I personally do not agree with the last part of his expression. I know they can be broken. Habits can be learned and unlearned. But I also know it isn’t a quick fix. It involves a process and a tremendous commitment.(正如伟大的教育家霍勒斯·曼曾经说过的那样，‘习惯就像一根电缆。我们每天编织一股，很快它就无法被打破。”我个人不同意他的最后一句话。我知道它们可以被打破。习惯可以学习，也可以不被学习。但我也知道这不是一个快速解决方案。这需要一个过程和巨大的承诺。)’以及联系上下文可知，本文主要讲虽然刚开始需要很大努力，但习惯是可以打破重建的。所以A项“The breakoff of habits(习惯的改变)”符合文意，是最佳标题。故选A项。
The power of modern electronic media-the net, mobile phones and video games to capture the attention of the human mind particularly the young mind and then distract it, has lately become a subject of concern. We are, say the worriers, losing the ability to apply ourselves properly to a single task, like reading a book in its entirety or mastering a piece of music on an instrument with the result that our thinking is becoming shallower
Nicholas Carr, the American writer, has explored this theme for his new book The Shallows, in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brain too. It turns out that the mature human brain is not an immutable seat of personality and intellect but a changeable thing, subject to “neuroplasticity” (神经可塑性). When our activities alter so does the architecture of our brain “I’m not thinking the way I used to think,” writes Carr. “I feel it most strongly when I’m reading.” Years of internet use have, he suspects, dented his ability to read deeply to absorb himself in books: “My brain wasn’t just drifting. It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the way the net fed it.” He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.”
Carr cites research by Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry at UCLA, who concluded that constant exposure to modern media strengthens new neural pathways while weakening older ones. Just five hours of internet use is enough to awaken previously dormant parts of the brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层), concluded Small. For Carr, this is proof that the net can rewire the mind. He sees dangers. Deep thought, the ability to immerse oneself in an area of study, to follow a narrative, to understand an argument and develop a critique, is giving way to skimming. Young users of the Internet are good at drawing together information for a school project, for example, but that does not mean they have digested it.
12．The underlined word “dented” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A．strengthened B．exhausted C．stimulated D．damaged
13．In his new book, The Shallows, Nicholas Carr believes that ______.
A．five hours of net use can rewire the mind
B．modern electronic media help focus users attention on the task
C．electronic media have affected his fulfillment of reading books
D．our brain evolves when fed with information and knowledge from the net
14．What can we learn from the passage
A．The sharper the attention, the sharper the memory.
B．Nicholas Carr’s book on the subject is a bestseller.
C．Superficial thinking and learning are associated with the new media.
D．Years of internet use do harm to people’s management over multi-tasking.
15．What is the overall danger of the Internet that Carr pointed out in the last paragraph
A．Young users cannot digest information from the Internet.
B．Using the Internet will cause damage to our prefrontal cortex.
C．Constant internet use will impair our intensive reading ability
D．The Internet can waste young users’ time to an alarming extent
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．C 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了现代电子媒体不仅改变了我们的习惯，也改变了我们的大脑。
12．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.””(他描述了自己在面对长篇文章时变得焦躁不安的情况:“当我们上网时，我们进入了一个促进草草阅读、匆忙和分心思考、肤浅学习的环境。”)”可知，此处表达作者因为多年的网络使用，使他无法再沉下心来阅读长篇文章，所以是损害了他深入阅读、全身心投入书籍的能力，所以dented意思是是“损害”之意，和damaged意思相近。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nicholas Carr, the American writer, has explored this theme for his new book The Shallows, in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brain too.(美国作家尼古拉斯·卡尔在他的新书《浅滩》中探讨了这一主题。他在书中认为，新媒体不仅改变了我们的习惯，也改变了我们的大脑)”以及“When our activities alter so does the architecture of our brain “I’m not thinking the way I used to think,” writes Carr. “I feel it most strongly when I’m reading.” Years of internet use have, he suspects, dented his ability to read deeply to absorb himself in books: “My brain wasn’t just drifting. It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the way the net fed it.” He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.””(“当我阅读时，这种感觉最强烈。”他怀疑，多年的网络使用削弱了他深入阅读、全身心投入书籍的能力:“我的大脑不只是飘忽不定。它饿了。它要求以网络喂养它的方式喂养它。”他描述了自己在面对长篇文章时变得焦躁不安的情况:“当我们上网时，我们进入了一个促进草草阅读、匆忙和分心思考、肤浅学习的环境。”)”可知，尼古拉斯·卡尔在他的新书《浅滩》中认为电子媒体影响了他读书的满足感。故选C项。
14．推理判断题，根据第二段中“He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.””(他描述了自己在面对长篇文章时变得焦躁不安的情况：“当我们上网时，我们进入了一个促进草草阅读、匆忙和分心思考、肤浅学习的环境。”)”可知，在本文中我们可以看到肤浅的思考和学习与新媒体联系在一起。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For Carr, this is proof that the net can rewire the mind. He sees dangers. Deep thought, the ability to immerse oneself in an area of study, to follow a narrative, to understand an argument and develop a critique, is giving way to skimming.(对于卡尔来说，这证明了网络可以重塑思维。他看到了危险。深入思考，让自己沉浸在一个研究领域的能力，追随一段叙述，理解一个论点并提出批评，正在让位于略读)”可知，卡尔在本段中指出的互联网的总体危险是经常上网会让我们倾向于略读一段文字，这会损害我们的精读能力。故选C项。
阅读理解【江苏省淮安市高中校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
Dürer’s Journeys
Time: 6 March 2023-13 June 2023 Location: Sainsbury wing
The first major UK exhibition of German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer in nearly 20 years. Through paintings, drawings and letters, this exhibition follows his travels across Europe, bringing to life the artist himself, and the people and places he visited.
‘Dürer’s Journeys’ will bring together loans from museums and private collections across the world, including the artist’s ‘Madonna and Child’.
Artemisia
Time: 4 April 2023-26 July 2023 Location: Sainsbury Wing
In 17th-century Europe when women artists were not easily accepted, Artemisia was exceptional (非凡的). She challenged traditions and became a successful artist and one of the greatest storytellers of her time.
In this exhibition of her work in the UK, see her best-known paintings including ‘Judith beheading Holofernes’, as well as herself portraits (肖像) and recently discovered personal letters.
Impressionist Decorations
Time: 11 September 2022-9 January 2023 Location: Sainsbury Wing
From the 1860s to the 1920s, the Impressionists tried to bring the outdoors inside, turning landscapes and scenes of modern life into paintings and decorated objects for the home.
Discover the Impressionists’ decorative works through over eighty paintings and panels by leading figures including: Manet, Monet and Renoir.
The Credit Suisse Exhibition: Raphael
Time: Opening spring 2023 Location: North Galleries
In the year that marks the 500th anniversary of Raphael’s death, we present one of the first-ever exhibitions to explore his complete career.
The exhibition looks at his celebrated paintings and drawings as well as his work in architecture, poetry, and design for sculpture.
With loans from the Hermitage, the Louvre, etc, this is an opportunity to see the width of Raphael’s skill and creativity.
21．What can visitors enjoy in both Dürer’s Journeys and Artemisia
A．Private collections. B．The artist’s letters.
C．The artist’s portraits. D．Stories about women artists.
22．When should you go if you are interested in home decorative works
A．On 1 April 2022. B．On 4 July 2022.
C．On 29 December 2022. D．On 17 January 2022.
23．What do we know about The Credit Suisse Exhibition: Raphael
A．Its exhibits are private collections.
B．Most exhibits haven’t been exhibited.
C．It shows a wide range of Raphael’s talents.
D．Its exhibition area is the same as the other three’s.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．C
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个展览的时间，地点以及展览的内容。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Dürer’s Journeys部分的“Through paintings, drawings and letters, this exhibition follows his travels across Europe, bringing to life the artist himself, and the people and places he visited.(通过画像、绘画和书信，本次展览追踪了他在欧洲的旅行，将这位艺术家本人以及他访问过的人和地方带到了生活中)”以及Artemisia部分的“In this exhibition of her work in the UK, see her best-known paintings including ‘Judith beheading Holofernes’, as well as herself portraits (肖像) and recently discovered personal letters.(在这场她在英国的作品展览中，可以看到她最著名的画作，以及她自己的画像和最近发现的私人信件)”可知，在这两个展览中，游客可以看到艺术家的书信，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据文章Impressionist Decorations部分的“Discover the Impressionists’ decorative works through over eighty paintings and panels by leading figures including: Manet, Monet and Renoir.(通过80多副绘画和画板，探索印象派的装饰作品，其中包括：马奈、莫奈和雷诺阿)”可知，如果你对家里装饰作品感兴趣，应选择在2022年12月29日时间去参观，故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据文章The Credit Suisse Exhibition: Raphael部分“The exhibition looks at his celebrated paintings and drawings as well as his work in architecture, poetry, and design for sculpture.(这次展览展出了他最著名的绘画以及他在建筑、诗歌以及雕塑设计方面的作品)”可知，The Credit Suisse Exhibition: Raphael展览主要展现的是Raphael在各个领域的天赋，故选C。
In real life Joanna Garcia Swisher, 41, is happily married to former Major League Baseball player Nick Swisher, 40, and raising daughters Sailor, 4, and Emerson, 7. On TV she needs the help of a matchmaker to find love in the new Hallmark Channel romance As Luck Would Have It. She opens up about raising strong girls, how her parents’ recent deaths affected her and which roles fans recognize her for the most.
You haven’t needed a matchmaker — but if life had turned out differently, would you use one
I would totally have been game for it. I was set up by a friend of ours to meet my husband, but I think it sounds so fun.
You star opposite Allen Leech — were you a Downton Abbey fan
I’m a huge Downton fan, but I know Allen personally very well. He happened to marry my best friend’s little sister. His mom actually cooked me dinner a couple of times while I was shooting!
You’ve been on TV since you were a teen. Which role gets you recognized most
Sweet Magnolias now. But overall I would say Reba. I also get recognized for being Amy Adams more than I get recognized for being myself.
You lost your mother, father and grandmother in the past year and a half. How are you and your family doing
My daughters have watched me go through so much in the last year, from the highs of the success of Sweet Magnolias to the lowest of lows, losing my parents and my grandmother. I really believe that it’s not what happens to you, it’s what happens for you. Even in their passing, as tragic as it was ... I know that it’s not for nothing. My mom was such a strong, capable, amazing woman; my father was the ultimate father and feminist and just huge source of support — and I think that solidified my strength. So I only hope that I’m modeling that same strength for my girls.
24．How does the text develop
A．By questions and answers. B．By listing examples.
C．By narrating life stories. D．By comparison and contrast.
25．What does Joanna Garcia Swisher think of a matchmaker in marriage
A．It’s strange. B．It’s acceptable. C．It’s terrible. D．It’s necessary.
26．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph imply
A．Joanna was just playing on words. B．Joanna missed her parents much.
C．Joanna submitted herself to her fate. D．Joanna faced the tragedy positively.
27．What can best describe Joanna Garcia Swisher according to the text
A．Simple and talkative. B．Stubborn and influential.
C．Strong and easy-going. D．Negative and sensitive.
【答案】24．A 25．B 26．D 27．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joanna Garcia Swisher接受采访，以及主持人问她的四个问题和她的回答。
24．推理判断题。通过文章中的四个问题“You haven’t needed a matchmaker — but if life had turned out differently, would you use one (你不需要媒人——但如果生活不一样，你会用媒人吗)”和“You star opposite Allen Leech — were you a Downton Abbey fan (你和Allen Leech演对手戏——你是唐顿庄园的粉丝吗)”和“You’ve been on TV since you were a teen. Which role gets you recognized most (你从十几岁就上电视了。哪个角色最让你得到认可)”以及“You lost your mother, father and grandmother in the past year and a half. How are you and your family doing (在过去的一年半里，你失去了你的母亲，父亲和祖母。你和你的家人怎么样)”及其回答可推知，这篇文章是通过提问和回答发展的。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I would totally have been game for it. I was set up by a friend of ours to meet my husband, but I think it sounds so fun. (我完全可以接受。我是被我们的一个朋友介绍认识我丈夫的，但我觉得这听起来很有趣)”可知，Joanna Garcia Swisher是可以接受婚姻中的媒人的。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段划线句后文“Even in their passing, as tragic as it was ... I know that it’s not for nothing. My mom was such a strong, capable, amazing woman; my father was the ultimate father and feminist and just huge source of support — and I think that solidified my strength. So I only hope that I’m modeling that same strength for my girls. (即使在他们去世的时候，尽管这是一场悲剧……我知道这不是没有意义的。我妈妈是一个坚强、能干、了不起的女人;我的父亲是一位最好的父亲，也是一位女权主义者，他给了我巨大的支持——我认为这巩固了我的力量。所以我只希望我能给我的女儿们树立同样的榜样)”可推知，划线部分意味着Joanna积极地面对这场悲剧。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So I only hope that I’m modeling that same strength for my girls. (所以我只希望我能给我的女儿们树立同样的榜样)”可推知，Joanna Garcia Swisher虽然失去了父母和祖母，却很坚强，想要给女儿们树立榜样。根据文章第二段“I would totally have been game for it. I was set up by a friend of ours to meet my husband, but I think it sounds so fun. (我完全可以接受。我是被我们的一个朋友介绍认识我丈夫的，但我觉得这听起来很有趣)”以及“I know Allen personally very well. He happened to marry my best friend’s little sister. His mom actually cooked me dinner a couple of times while I was shooting! (我个人非常了解艾伦。他碰巧娶了我最好朋友的妹妹。在我拍摄的时候，他妈妈给我做了好几次晚餐!)”可以推测出Joanna Garcia Swisher是好相处的。故选C项。
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
28．What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in. B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
29．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
30．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
【答案】28．C 29．A 30．B 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家Benjamin Von Wong使用海洋中的塑料垃圾制作了一个巨型雕塑，极其震撼，引发人们对塑料污染的反思。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.(他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系)”可知，Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑，是想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. (全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用)”可知，塑料吸管体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。由此推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的难度。故选A项。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In a piece form 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.(在2018年的一个作品中，Von Wong想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，Von Wong和一群志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的)”可知，这个作品以创新的方式让人们了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量倾入海洋，刷新了观众对海洋塑料污染的认知。由此推知，这个作品会让观众对塑料垃圾进入海洋造成污染这件事感到不安。故选B项。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家Benjamin Von Wong想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系)”及下文陈述可知，艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过使用海洋塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法，引发人们对塑料污染的反思。由此可知，“海洋塑料变成雕塑”可以作文章标题。故选D项。
Cosplayers can invest considerable time, money and effort into making best head-to-toe presentations that are one-of-a-kind. But what inspires cosplayers to present themselves with so many detailed artistic designs Psychologists try to reveal the facts through research.
When a cosplayer selects a particular costume, he/she is often getting inside a specific character—or combination of characters—because something about that role speaks to them personally, according to Robin S. Rosenberg, a clinical psychologist at the University of California, San Francisco.
Batman, for example, can be an especially meaningful cosplay choice for someone coping with trauma. The dark superhero faced destructive trauma when he was a child—witnessing the cruel and violent murder of his parents—which he overcame to become a hero. “When people are dressed as Batman, many talk about having experienced their own traumatic experiences,” Rosenberg said. “He survived and found meaning and purpose from his experience, and that is inspiring to them.”
Rosenberg noted that Wonder Woman is another popular choice which calls up many women’s feelings, partly because she holds her own in the male-dominated world of costumed comics superheroes. “For those cosplayers, dressing as Wonder Woman is a way of celebrating and embracing her power,” Rosenberg said.
Cosplay is a type of performance, which frequently moves strangers to approach the character for conversation and photos. So it surprised Rosenberg to discover that many cosplayers were identified as introverts. “When they wore a costume, they became much more socially outgoing,” Rosenberg said. She explained that, sometimes, wearing a costume allows a person to obtain confidence they didn't know they had, and helps them overcome shyness in real life.
“When you do any kind of costuming—but particularly cosplay—on the one hand, it gives you permission to step outside yourself,” Rosenberg said. “But on the other hand, it can bring out something in you that doesn’t usually come out.”
32．What does Rosenberg try to convey in Paragraph 2
A．Cosplayers have a special liking for costumes.
B．Cosplayers play different roles within one day.
C．Cosplayers have nothing to do but talk to themselves.
D．Cosplayers express themselves through costumes.
33．Batman and Wonder Woman are cited to reveal cosplayers’ ________.
A．childhood abuse B．need to repair personal difficulties
C．gender inequality D．eagerness to defeat other people
34．Why did Rosenberg feel surprised
A．Cosplayers changed their personality once in costumes.
B．Cosplayers couldn’t wait to socialize when costumed.
C．Many cosplayers attracted strangers to talk with them.
D．So many cosplayers were considered as pessimistic people.
35．What may serve as the most suitable title of the text
A．Devotion to cosplay B．People in costumes
C．Batman or Wonder Woman D．Psychology behind cosplay
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．A 35．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。角色扮演者可以投入相当多的时间、金钱和精力来做出最好的从头到脚的展示，这是独一无二的。但是是什么激发了角色扮演者们用如此多的细节艺术设计来呈现自己呢？心理学家试图通过研究揭示事实。全篇文章都在剖析角色扮演者背后的心理原因，并用具体的人物来说明。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“When a cosplayer selects a particular costume, he/she is often getting inside a specific character—or combination of characters—because something about that role speaks to them personally, according to Robin S. Rosenberg, a clinical psychologist at the University of California, San Francisco.(加州大学旧金山分校的临床心理学家Robin S. Rosenberg说，当一个角色扮演者选择一套特定的服装时，他/她通常是进入了一个特定的角色——或角色的组合——因为这个角色的某些东西与他们本人相契合)”可推知，Rosenberg在第二段中试图表达角色扮演者通过服装表达自己。 故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Batman, for example, can be an especially meaningful cosplay choice for someone coping with trauma. The dark superhero faced destructive trauma when he was a child—witnessing the cruel and violent murder of his parents—which he overcame to become a hero. “When people are dressed as Batman, many talk about having experienced their own traumatic experiences,” Rosenberg said. “He survived and found meaning and purpose from his experience, and that is inspiring to them.”(例如，蝙蝠侠是一个特别有意义的角色扮演选择，对于那些正在应对创伤的人来说。这位黑暗的超级英雄在童年时目睹了父母被残忍而暴力地杀害，他经历了毁灭性的创伤，最终成为了英雄。Rosenberg说：“当人们装扮成蝙蝠侠的时候，很多人都在谈论自己经历过的创伤经历，他活了下来，并从他的经历中找到了意义和目标，这对他们来说是鼓舞人心的。”)”以及第四段“Rosenberg noted that Wonder Woman is another popular choice which calls up many women’s feelings, partly because she holds her own in the male-dominated world of costumed comics superheroes. For those cosplayers, dressing as Wonder Woman is a way of celebrating and embracing her power, Rosenberg said. (Rosenberg指出，神奇女侠是另一个受欢迎的选择，它唤起了许多女性的情感，部分原因是她在男性主导的服装漫画超级英雄世界中保持了自己的地位。 “对于这些角色扮演者来说，装扮成神奇女侠是一种庆祝和拥抱她的力量的方式，”Rosenberg说)”可知，蝙蝠侠和神奇女侠揭示了角色扮演者需要修复自身问题。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“So it surprised Rosenberg to discover that many cosplayers were identified as introverts. “When they wore a costume, they became much more socially outgoing,” Rosenberg said.(因此，Rosenberg惊讶地发现，许多角色扮演者都被认为是内向的。“当他们穿上服装时，他们在社交方面变得更加外向，” Rosenberg说)”可知，Rosenberg感到惊讶是因为角色扮演者一旦穿上戏服就会改变个性。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cosplayers can invest considerable time, money and effort into making best head-to-toe presentations that are one-of-a-kind. But what inspires cosplayers to present themselves with so many detailed artistic designs Psychologists try to reveal the facts through research.(角色扮演者可以投入相当多的时间、金钱和精力来做出最好的从头到脚的展示，这是独一无二的。但是是什么激发了角色扮演者们用如此多的细节艺术设计来呈现自己呢？心理学家试图通过研究揭示事实)”结合全篇文章都在剖析角色扮演者背后的心理原因，并用具体的人物来说明。可知，D选项“角色扮演背后的心理学”最符合文章标题。故选D。
阅读理解【江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测】
Ask The Expert Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS
Struggling to hear each day, even when using powerful hearing aids
Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS, a cochlear
(耳蜗) implant surgeon and medical advisor to Cochlear, answers questions about cochlear implants and how they are different from hearing aids.
Now more than ever, communication and connection are important for maintaining relationships with family, friends and community. Whether it happens suddenly or gradually over time, hearing loss can affect you physically and emotionally. Addressing your hearing loss has the potential to transform your life.Cochlear implants work different than hearing aids. Rather than amplifying sound, they use state-of-the-art electronic components and software to help provide access to the sounds you have been missing.
Q: How are cochlear implants different than hearing aids
Hearing aids help many people by making the sounds they hear louder. Unfortunately, as hearing loss progresses, sounds may not only need to be louder, they may need to be clearer. Cochlear implants can help give you that clarity, especially in noisy environments.
Q: Are cochlear implants a proven solution
Cochlear hearing implant technology is very reliable. In fact, it has been around for 40 years and Cochlear has provided more than 60.0000 implantable hearing devices.
Q: Is it major surgery
No, not at all. The procedure is often done on an outpatient basis and typically takes just a couple of hours.
Q: Are cochlear implants covered by Medicare
Yes. Medicare and most private insurance plans routinely cover cochlear implants.
Call 800 610 4901 or visit www.Cochlear.us/Rdigest to find a Hearing Implant Specialist near you and get a free guide about cochlear implants.
1．Where is this article probably taken from A．A textbook. B．A blog. C．A magazine. D．A diary.
2．What advantages do cochlear implants have over hearing aids
A．They can work through software. B．They are more reliable.
C．They can make sounds clearer. D．They are covered by Medicare.
3．Who answers the questions in this article
A．An outpatient of the surgery. B．A Cochlear Implant surgeon.
C．A specialist of medical insurance. D．A customer of Cochlear implant.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇广告，以医生解答咨询者问题的方式，介绍了通过耳蜗移植技术来处理耳聋的问题。
1．推理判断题。根据正文第二段的“Cochlear implants work different than hearing aids. Rather than amplifying sound, they use state-of-the-art electronic components and software to help provide access to the sounds you have been missing.(人工耳蜗的工作原理不同于助听器。它们不是放大声音，而是使用最先进的电子组件和软件来帮助你获得你丢失的声音。)”可知，本文介绍了通过耳蜗移植技术来处理耳聋的问题，是一篇广告，因此可能来自于杂志。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据原文中的第一个问题的回答“Hearing aids help many people by making the sounds they hear louder. Unfortunately, as hearing loss progresses, sounds may not only need to be louder, they may need to be clearer. Cochlear implants can help give you that clarity, especially in noisy environments.(助听器通过使他们听到的声音更大来帮助许多人。不幸的是，随着听力损失的发展，声音可能不仅需要更大，它们可能需要更清楚。人工耳蜗可以帮助你获得这种清晰度，尤其是在嘈杂的环境中。)”可知，人工耳蜗比助听器的优点在于它们可以使声音更清晰。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第一个框里的“Ask The Expert Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS(问问专家Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS)”和“Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS, a cochlear(耳蜗) implant surgeon and medical advisor to Cochlear(ALEJANDRO RIVAS博士，耳蜗植入外科医生和耳蜗医疗顾问)”可知，耳蜗植入外科医生来回答文中的问题，故选B。
Most people, regardless of intelligence or education, know little about memory. A revealing study by research psychologists Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris asked people simple questions about memory and then compared their answers with those of experts in memory research. The results show how far removed from reality the public’s beliefs about memory are. For instance, to the question “Is there a ‘video camera’ in your head ” 63 percent of people surveyed strongly agreed that human memory “works like a video camera, accurately recording the events we see and hear so that we can review and inspect them later.” But none of the experts agreed that memory works like a video camera.
So how does memory work I prefer to describe it as something like an old man sitting by a campfire somewhere deep in your brain. He means well and wants to help, but he doesn’t show you your past like some wizard with a time entrance. The best he can do is tell you stories. And like all good storytellers, he edits for impact, efficiency, functionality, and clarity. He tells you what he assumes you need to know.
Sometimes he may even embellish the tale by adding a bit of flavor. Or the old man might decide to leave out a few things in order to spare you pain or shame. He also makes honest mistakes—lots and lots of them. Sometimes he just gets confused or careless and leaves out something important. He could even include inaccurate information by accident.
In other words, memory is associative and constructive. It’s not like files on a computer hard drive arranged by subject or placed in chronological (时间的) order. A memory will be put away and connected to other memories or concepts in ways that are not necessarily practical or logical. This is why a particular smell or sound may bring you a memory even though it wasn’t important in the original experience.
The human brain is still a mysterious universe in many ways, of course. Fortunately, enough has been revealed to offer us some guidance toward wiser and safer navigations through daily life. Your memory is best thought of as helpful input.
4．Why does the author mention the question “Is there a video camera in your head ” in paragraph 1
A．To introduce the research on memory done by psychologists.
B．To prove that most people know little about memory.
C．To show that people’s memory are in agreement with reality.
D．To give readers a vivid description about how memory works.
5．What does the underlined word “embellish” probably mean in the third paragraph
A．Enrich B．Repeat. C．Invent. D．Recall.
6．Why does the old man sometimes leave out something important
A．Because he often makes mistakes. B．Because he edits the story for charity.
C．Because he doesn’t want you to suffer. D．Because he includes inaccurate information.
7．What is most likely to be talked about in the next paragraph
A．What our brain is composed of. B．What we still don’t know about memory.
C．How the brain stores information. D．How we make better use of our memory.
【答案】4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类记忆的工作方式。人类的记忆不同于录影机，它往往不会毫无偏差地记录下所发生的一切。为了保护我们自己不受伤害和折磨，我们往往会对我们记忆中所经历的事情做一些必要的改动。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“ For instance, to the question “Is there a ‘video camera’ in your head 63 percent of people surveyed strongly agreed that human memory “works like a video camera, accurately recording the events we see and hear so that we can review and inspect them later.”(例如，在回答“你的脑袋里有一个‘摄像机’吗？”63%的受访者强烈认为，人类的记忆“就像一台摄像机，准确地记录我们看到和听到的事件，以便我们以后可以回顾和检查。”)”结合上文“The results show how far removed from reality the public’s beliefs about memory are. (结果显示，公众对记忆的看法与现实相差甚远)”推断，作者提及这个问题是为了证明大多数人对记忆知之甚少。故选B。
5．词意猜测题。根据第三段中“Or the old man might decide to leave out a few things in order to spare you pain or shame.(或者，为了不让你痛苦或羞愧，老人可能会决定隐瞒一些事情。)”可知，or后的句子与划线词所在的句子构成选择关系，即要么增添，要么遗漏。此处的leave out与划线词embellish相呼应。leave out意为“遗漏”，其与划线词对应。故划线词与enrich为同义词。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Or the old man might decide to leave out a few things in order to spare you pain or shame.(或者，为了不让你痛苦或羞愧，老人可能会决定隐瞒一些事情)可知，这位老人为了不让你痛苦或者惭愧而删减一些东西。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据本文最后一段“Fortunately, enough has been revealed to offer us some guidance toward wiser and safer navigations through daily life.(幸运的是，已经揭示了足够多的信息，为我们在日常生活中更明智、更安全的导航提供了一些指导)”以及“Your memory is best thought of as helpful input.(你的记忆最好被认为是有帮助的输入)”可知，此处强调记忆在我们的生活中已经起到了有帮助的作用。由此推知，下文应该介绍我们可以如何利用记忆的特点帮助我们更好地生活。故选D。
Created as recently as 2011, and mainly played by those aged over 50, walking football is growing at great pace in Britain. The game, where players walk rather than run, is designed to help aged people get fit or maintain an active lifestyle no matter what their age and fitness. According to a 2019 survey, there were 1,200 registered clubs and an estimated 40,000 regular participants.
North Ferriby Walking Football Club in East Yorkshire is one such example. “We started in 2015,” explains Mark Leighton, the team’s manager. “The first week we started off, we probably only had four or five players. Now we have 42 registered players taking part over three separate sessions each week.” Mark’s immediate goal is to get the club to 50 registered players across four sessions a week.
Andy Fairburn is a regular at the sessions. Now in his early-seventies, Andy finds the game still has plenty to offer him. “I’ve been playing football since 16. Getting older, your knees start to hurt, and I’ll know when it’s time to stop. I am sill competitive, though, and old habits die hard.”
It goes beyond kicking a football around for players like Andy. “There’s a serious football side if you want to win and a friendship side. I’d rather stick to the latter. It’s brilliant to socialize with people through walking football.”
Walking football is clearly a success story with much to be proud of. However, it’s striking that 87 per cent of clubs reported that less than 10 per cent of players are female. And not all clubs are as fortunate as North Ferriby Walking Football Club, which operates on a pay-as-you-go model and has secure sponsorship to reduce the cost burden.
8．What do we know about walking football
A．It is becoming popular in and outside Britain.
B．It has been played for dozens of years.
C．It is aimed at improving elderly people’s welfare.
D．It has the same rules as the normal football.
9．Why does the author mention North Ferriby Club in paragraph 2
A．To introduce a successful walking football club.
B．To illustrate the growth of walking football.
C．To praise Mark Leighton’s work for the club.
D．To suggest the ideal number of players in a club.
10．What does Andy Fairburn like most about walking football
A．The sport is good for his knees. B．He doesn’t have to give up his habit.
C．Winning games makes him feel good. D．He can make friends with new people.
11．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．There’s work to be done to promote the game. B．Most women don’t like playing football.
C．Walking football clubs can be profitable. D．The findings of the 2019 survey are wrong.
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健步足球帮助老年人保持健康和积极的生活方式。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“The game, where players walk rather than run, is designed to help aged people get fit or maintain an active lifestyle no matter what their age and fitness.(这个体育活动让参加者步行而不是跑步，旨在帮助老年人保持健康或积极的生活方式，无论他们的年龄和健康状况如何)”可知，健步足球的目的是为了提高老年人的福祉。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第一段的“According to a 2019 survey, there were 1,200 registered clubs and an estimated 40.000 regular participants.(根据2019年的一项调查，有1200个注册俱乐部，估计有4万名定期参与者)”和第二段的“North Ferriby Walking Football Club in East Yorkshire is one such example.(东约克郡的North Ferriby健步足球俱乐部就是这样一个例子)”可知，作者在第二段提到North Ferriby俱乐部的目的是对第一段内容进行例证。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段“There’s a serious football side if you want to win and a friendship side. I’d rather stick to the latter. It’s brilliant to socialize with people through walking football.(如果你想赢，有严肃的足球队，也有友谊队。我宁愿坚持后者。通过健步足球与人交流是很好的)”可知，Andy最喜欢健步足球能帮助交友。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“However, it’s striking that 87 per cent of clubs reported that less than 10 per cent of players are female. And not all clubs are as fortunate as North Ferriby Walking Football Club, which operates on a pay-as-you-go model and has secure sponsorship to reduce the cost burden.(然而，令人惊讶的是，87%的俱乐部报告称，女性球员不足10%。并不是所有的俱乐部都像North Ferriby健步足球俱乐部那样幸运，该俱乐部采用现收现付的模式，有可靠的赞助来减少成本负担)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是推广这个体育活动还有很多工作要做。故选A。
As the threat against coral reefs has increased, researchers are introducing innovative methods to farm healthy corals more efficiently.
Unlike the traditional way of growing corals in the ocean, land-based nurseries nurture (培育) corals in tanks before planting them onto reefs. While the operations tend to come with a high price tag and are more labor intensive, they provide an opportunity to raise corals in a controlled environment where experimental methods could be used and allows for repairing reefs on a massive scale.
These methods include growing corals in tanks on land, or using advanced techniques to promote growth rates and adaptability to the changing environment. Coral Vita, a for-profit company in Grand Bahama, can now grow corals up to 50 times faster than in nature by cutting corals into small pieces, a process known as “microfragmentation”.
The farm is also equipped with a high-tech aquaculture system, referred to by Coral Vita employees as the “life support system,” which can regulate water quality through temperature, pH and other adjustable settings. The system can be set up elsewhere with some adjustments for a region’s specific coral. “It can be very plug and play, which is really important for large-scale restoration,” says Teicher, founder of Coral Vita.
The potential for large scale is critical to Coral Via’s business plan, which is connected to the idea or “selling restoration as a service”. In 2021, Coral Vita signed its first restoration contracts with the Grand Bahama Port Authority. “There are about 100 countries and regions with coral reefs,” Teicher says. “There need to be large-scale coral farms in every single one of them. The amount of funding in the non-profit space is a drop in the bucket, and our model could help make the field less dependent on donations.”
Marine biologist David Vaughan points out that Coral Vita may have a couple million dollars in start-up costs and plants fewer than 5,000 to 10,000 corals a year. “That isn’t the economic scale that we need to get this to,” Vaughan says, adding hundreds of thousands of operations “costing couple of dollars a coral” will be required.
12．In which aspect are new methods of coral restoration different from traditional ways
A．Growing corals can be more economical. B．Fewer workers are needed to grow corals.
C．Corals are grown in artificial environments. D．New methods are more environment friendly.
13．What does Teicher mean by saying “plug and play”
A．The farm’s technology is advanced. B．The system is easy to operate.
C．Many places have brought in the system. D．He is confident of his farm’s future.
14．Why does Teicher choose the for-profit model
A．Because the model can help him become rich.
B．Because the model is required by the authority.
C．Because there are fewer non-profit companies.
D．Because donations are not enough for restoration.
15．What is Vaughan’s attitude towards Coral Vita’s plan
A．Approving. B．Skeptical. C．Unclear. D．Tolerant.
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了修复珊瑚礁的新方法。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“Unlike the traditional way of growing corals in the ocean, land-based nurseries nurture corals in tanks before planting them onto reefs. While the operations tend to come with a high price tag and are more labor intensive, they provide an opportunity to raise corals in a controlled environment where experimental methods could be used and allows for repairing reefs on a massive scale.(与在海洋中培育珊瑚的传统方式不同，陆基苗圃在将珊瑚种植在珊瑚礁上之前先在水箱中培育珊瑚。虽然这种操作往往价格高昂，劳动强度也更大，但它们提供了一个在可控环境中饲养珊瑚的机会，在那里可以使用实验方法，并允许大规模修复珊瑚礁)”可知新方法是在陆地上的水箱里种植珊瑚，不像传统方法在自然环境中种植。而是在生长在人工环境中。故选C项。
13．词句猜测题。根据第四段“The system can be set up elsewhere with some adjustments for a region’s specific coral. (该系统可以在其他地方设置，并针对某个地区的特定珊瑚进行一些调整)”推断，Teicher的话的意思是系统操作方便。plug-and-play为“即插即用的”之意。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段中“There need to be large-scale coral farms in every single one of them. The amount of funding in the non-profit space is a drop in the bucket, and our model could help make the field less dependent on donations.(每一个岛屿都需要大规模的珊瑚农场。非营利领域的资金规模只是九牛一毛，我们的模式可以帮助该领域减少对捐赠的依赖)”可推知所以慈善捐款对于大规模修复珊瑚礁是不够的，所以Teicher选择盈利模式。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Marine biologist David Vaughan points out that Coral Vita may have a couple million dollars in start-up costs and plants fewer than 5,000 to 10,000 corals a year. “That isn’t the economic scale that we need to get this to,” Vaughan says, adding hundreds of thousands of operations “costing couple of dollars a coral” will be required.(海洋生物学家大卫·沃恩(David Vaughan)指出，Coral Vita可能有数百万美元的启动成本，每年种植的珊瑚不到5000到10000个。“这不是我们需要的经济规模，”沃恩说，并补充说，将需要数十万次的操作，“每只珊瑚要花费几美元”)”Vaughan 先指出Coral Vita的启动资金可能有数百万，然而一年只种植了5000到10000株珊瑚。接着他说这不是我们想要得到的规模。因此Vaughan对Coral Vita的计划持有怀疑态度。故选B项。
阅读理解【江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
Volunteers NeededDepaulUSA-Casa Milagrosa
VOLUNTEER ROLES &RESPONSIBILITIES
On the Third Wednesday of the month we host our Monthly Food Distribution event on site. Volunteers can expect a larger group of fellow volunteers on these days and to work alongside other volunteers in various capacities, including sorting, packing and distributing fresh produce.
Food Sorter and Packer: These volunteers are tasked with assisting the driver in unloading boxes of food. Move and arrange produce boxes to the packing area to facilitate the packing process. Pack produce bags/boxes with predetermined quantities of produce items. Place packed bags/boxes in distribution tables, once packed.
Food Distributor: Volunteers distribute pre-packaged produced boxes/bags and help our guests with loading into their vehicles if necessary. Clean up, including breaking down boxes and removing empty boxes if applicable.
Guest Greeter/Registration:
If you’re bilingual (双语的) and able to assist clients at distribution sites, we need your help as a client greeter and registration volunteer, who is the first point of contact at Casa Milagrosa distribution site. These volunteers must have a cheerful welcoming behavior and a willingness to welcome new clients and be responsible for: answering questions clients may have (in their preferred language), making plans for the distribution.
SKILLS
Food Delivery/Distribution ·Multi-Tasking
People Skills ·Guiding
REQUIREMENS·Relevant Training
Time Commitment: 4-5 hours in 1 day·Minimum Age:18
1．Which is included in the volunteering tasks A．Cleaning guests vehicles. B．Sorting and packing food.
C．Providing language training D．Donating money and food.
2．What can we learn about the food distribution event
A．It is held on every Wednesday. B．It needs volunteers teamwork.
C．It provides some online service. D．Its volunteers have to serve all day.
3．Who may be the best person for the event
A．A kind housewife available on weekends.
B．A helpful teacher giving lessons daily at school.
C．A sociable interpreter skilled at distributing food.
D．A cheerful junior student good at greeting others.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一篇志愿者招募广告。
1．细节理解题。根据VOLUNTEER ROLES &RESPONSIBILITIES部分的“Volunteers can expect a larger group of fellow volunteers on these days and to work alongside other volunteers in various capacities, including sorting, packing and distributing fresh produce.(在这些日子里，志愿者可能会有更多的志愿者同伴，并与其他志愿者一起从事各种工作，包括分类、包装和分发新鲜农产品。)”可知，志愿任务包括分类和包装食物。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据VOLUNTEER ROLES &RESPONSIBILITIES部分的“On the Third Wednesday of the month we host our Monthly Food Distribution event on site. Volunteers can expect a larger group of fellow volunteers on these days and to work alongside other volunteers in various capacities, including sorting, packing and distributing fresh produce.(在每个月的第三个星期三，我们在现场举行我们的每月食品分发活动。在这些日子里，志愿者可能会有更多的志愿者同伴，并与其他志愿者一起从事各种工作，包括分类、包装和分发新鲜农产品。)”可知，食物分发活动需要志愿者团队合作。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据SKILLS部分的“Food Delivery/Distribution(食品配送/分配)”，“People Skills(人际交往技能)”可知，善于交际，擅长分发食物的译员是这个活动的最佳人选。故选C。
“Belonging is important throughout the lifetime, particularly during life shifts, such as the first year of college.“reported Janine M. Dutcher in Psychological Science. “This connection to the university community is often referred to as ‘school belonging’, which is thought to be the extent to which students feel personally accepted, respected, included, and supported by others in the school social environment.”
A series of three studies were conducted about the research.During each study, students began the term by self-reporting their symptoms (症状) of depression, sense of social fit, and feelings of belonging. Belonging was measured by asking participants to rate one simple statement on a range from 1 to 7: “Today, I feel like I belong at .…(school name).’
In the initial exploratory study of 157 students and the first confirmatory study of 121 students, participants then reported their sense of belonging at the end of each day for one week at the beginning, middle, and end of the term. In the second confirmatory study, 172 students did this reporting for one week at the beginning and end of both the winter and spring terms. During assessment weeks, participants also completed measures of social interaction, social fit, and symptoms of depression four times each day.
In all three studies, students’ feelings of belonging were found to predict their symptoms of depression in advance even after controlling current depression symptoms, social interaction, and feelings of social fit or loneliness. Additionally feelings of loneliness not the number of social interactions that students reported having each day, were also found to predict symptoms of depression.
“College students’ risk of developing depression has been increasing for academic and social reasons in recent years. However,these daily feelings of belonging actually provide an important signal for changes in depressive symptomatology,“ Dutcher wrote. “This could have important implications for interventions to relieve depressive symptoms in first-year university students because early detection of risk can allow for both earlier intervention and mo专题01 阅读理解（第06期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编
阅读理解【江苏省南京外国语学校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion (凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York &Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home-a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines -each one complementing the other in a symbiotic (共生的) relationship.
1．What is special about Gotham Greens
A．It provides job training for students. B．It uses high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
C．It creates a sustainable garden on a large boat. D．It offers homeless families information on healthy eating.
2．Which urban garden offers first-hand farming experience
A．Gotham Greens. B．Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
C．Revision Urban Farm. D．Swale.
3．What do these four urban gardens have in common
A．They are inspirational multinational project. B．They have educational and entertaining purposes.
C．They create job opportunities for farmers. D．They are important for city dwellers.
“What kind of stuff do you write ” one student asked on my first day at the University. After a decade away from the classroom, I was back to teaching.
“I write newspaper and magazine articles,” I said, “and creative non-fiction, as you’ll be doing.” It was a lie. I couldn’t remember when I’d last written a creative essay. It must have been before my distant mother fell ill, leaving me resigned to the idea that our story of family dysfunction would not end happily. It seemed that nothing I wrote could change that.
With a surplus of time and lack of inspiration, I accepted a position to teach creative non-fiction. Although I couldn’t get myself to tell my own stories, I could require that my students tell theirs. “You’re going to be keeping a journal,” I said with the kind of firm authority that didn’t work as self-talk. “And I want you to tell your stories like they matter.”
“Why do they matter ” a boy named Michael asked. Half-Chinese, half-Irish, he was outlaw handsome with a hard-set jaw and dark eyes. “I mean, who cares about our stories ”
Looking out at the students, I realized I didn’t have an answer. I stuttered, buying myself some time.
No one said a word. Either they didn’t know, or they were shy. Perhaps they were just tired from their busy lives. Many, I learned, worked full-time while in school full-time. Most, I assumed, didn’t have the faintest idea that their stories did matter.
Finally, I looked at Michael. “They matter because they do.” I said, lamely grappling for clarity. “Because it’s what you have. When you shape your experience into a story, it becomes yours and not just something that happened to you.”
Michael didn’t look convinced, but he didn’t challenge me, either.
In his first essay, Michael wrote about how he grew up on the streets of one of the worst neighbourhoods in Boston. He wrote about the night he was out with two other young men and had a pistol pointed at his face:
In that moment everything went blank. A rush of adrenaline (肾上腺素) and the feeling of numbness shot through my body as the guy cocked back the hammer. A cruiser drove by: giving us enough time to flee but a week later those guys I was with were shot. One took a bullet in the leg: the other took a bullet in the chest. Minutes after I got that news, I decided I was going to college.
He went on to write about how his high school English teacher, an elderly woman who saw his potential, helped him fill out a college application. Also with the help of other teachers, he came to this school.
I had Michael read his essay out loud. After he finished the class went so still that we could hear the sound of each other’s breath. I looked at Michael and saw a small softening in his dark eyes. When he finally sat back in his chair, it was like a coil unwinding.
After a moment, I said, “That’s why you tell your stories.”
I went home that night and picked up my journal from where it lay, dusty and untouched, by the side of my bed. I found a pen and gathered myself in a blanket. For the first time in months, I had to write.
4．Why did the author tell a lie
A．He intended to get acquainted with students.
B．He wanted to strike students as professional.
C．He wanted to conceal the fact of being born unhappy
D．He couldn’t remember when he last wrote an essay.
5．What was Michael’s reaction to the author’s requirement
A．Supportive B．Angry. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
6．What do we know from Michael’s story
A．He used to be involved in criminal activities.
B．He didn’t receive any formal education before college.
C．He successfully applied for a college all on his own.
D．He was dissatisfied with his previous life and wanted to make a change.
7．What is the importance of telling your stories according to the author
A．It adds color to our busy daily life.
B．It gives us inspiration for future life.
C．It provides us with an opportunity to rewrite our destiny.
D．It allows us to make meaning of what we’ve been through.
Our character, basically, is a composite of our habits. “Sow a thought, reap an action; sow an action, reap a habit; sow a habit, reap a character; sow a character, reap a destiny,” the maxim goes.
Habits are powerful factors in our lives. Because they are consistent, often unconscious patterns, they constantly, daily, express our character and produce our effectiveness…or ineffectiveness.
As Horace Mann, the great educator, once said, “Habits are like a cable. We weave a strand of it every day and soon it cannot be broken.” I personally do not agree with the last part of his expression. I know they can be broken. Habits can be learned and unlearned. But I also know it isn’t a quick fix. It involves a process and a tremendous commitment.
Those of us who watched the lunar voyage of Apollo 11 were transfixed as we saw the first men walk on the moon and return to earth. Superlatives such as “fantastic” and “incredible” were inadequate to describe those eventful days. But to get there, those astronauts literally had to break out of the tremendous gravity pull of the earth. More energy was spent in the first few minutes of lift-off, in the first few miles of travel, than was used over the next several days to travel half a million miles.
Habits, too, have tremendous gravity pull-more than most people realize or would admit. Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness involves more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. “Lift-off” takes a tremendous effort, but once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom takes on a whole new dimension.
Like any natural force, the gravity pull can work with us or against us. The gravity pull of some of our habits may currently be keeping us from going where we want to go. But it is also the gravity pull that keeps our world together, that keeps the planets in their orbits and our universe in order. It is a powerful force, and if we use it effectively, we can use the gravity pull of habit to create the cohesiveness and order necessary to establish effectiveness in our lives.
8．The author disagrees with Horace Mann because the latter believes ______.
A．habits are like a cable B．habits can be leaned
C．habits learning is hard D．habits cannot be broken
9．The author compares launching spacecraft and breaking old habits mainly because ______.
A．They both involve a little willpower.
B．A lot of effort is needed during both the processes.
C．They both take a tremendous effort in the beginning
D．Once done, they’ll ensure people unlimited freedom.
10．What is the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The breakoff of habits B．Powerful factors in our lives
C．The lift-off of gravity pull D．Important habits in our lives
The power of modern electronic media-the net, mobile phones and video games to capture the attention of the human mind particularly the young mind and then distract it, has lately become a subject of concern. We are, say the worriers, losing the ability to apply ourselves properly to a single task, like reading a book in its entirety or mastering a piece of music on an instrument with the result that our thinking is becoming shallower
Nicholas Carr, the American writer, has explored this theme for his new book The Shallows, in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brain too. It turns out that the mature human brain is not an immutable seat of personality and intellect but a changeable thing, subject to “neuroplasticity” (神经可塑性). When our activities alter so does the architecture of our brain “I’m not thinking the way I used to think,” writes Carr. “I feel it most strongly when I’m reading.” Years of internet use have, he suspects, dented his ability to read deeply to absorb himself in books: “My brain wasn’t just drifting. It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the way the net fed it.” He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.”
Carr cites research by Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry at UCLA, who concluded that constant exposure to modern media strengthens new neural pathways while weakening older ones. Just five hours of internet use is enough to awaken previously dormant parts of the brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层), concluded Small. For Carr, this is proof that the net can rewire the mind. He sees dangers. Deep thought, the ability to immerse oneself in an area of study, to follow a narrative, to understand an argument and develop a critique, is giving way to skimming. Young users of the Internet are good at drawing together information for a school project, for example, but that does not mean they have digested it.
12．The underlined word “dented” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A．strengthened B．exhausted C．stimulated D．damaged
13．In his new book, The Shallows, Nicholas Carr believes that ______.
A．five hours of net use can rewire the mind
B．modern electronic media help focus users attention on the task
C．electronic media have affected his fulfillment of reading books
D．our brain evolves when fed with information and knowledge from the net
14．What can we learn from the passage
A．The sharper the attention, the sharper the memory.
B．Nicholas Carr’s book on the subject is a bestseller.
C．Superficial thinking and learning are associated with the new media.
D．Years of internet use do harm to people’s management over multi-tasking.
15．What is the overall danger of the Internet that Carr pointed out in the last paragraph
A．Young users cannot digest information from the Internet.
B．Using the Internet will cause damage to our prefrontal cortex.
C．Constant internet use will impair our intensive reading ability
D．The Internet can waste young users’ time to an alarming extent
阅读理解【江苏省淮安市高中校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
Dürer’s Journeys
Time: 6 March 2023-13 June 2023 Location: Sainsbury wing
The first major UK exhibition of German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer in nearly 20 years. Through paintings, drawings and letters, this exhibition follows his travels across Europe, bringing to life the artist himself, and the people and places he visited.
‘Dürer’s Journeys’ will bring together loans from museums and private collections across the world, including the artist’s ‘Madonna and Child’.
Artemisia
Time: 4 April 2023-26 July 2023 Location: Sainsbury Wing
In 17th-century Europe when women artists were not easily accepted, Artemisia was exceptional (非凡的). She challenged traditions and became a successful artist and one of the greatest storytellers of her time.
In this exhibition of her work in the UK, see her best-known paintings including ‘Judith beheading Holofernes’, as well as herself portraits (肖像) and recently discovered personal letters.
Impressionist Decorations
Time: 11 September 2022-9 January 2023 Location: Sainsbury Wing
From the 1860s to the 1920s, the Impressionists tried to bring the outdoors inside, turning landscapes and scenes of modern life into paintings and decorated objects for the home.
Discover the Impressionists’ decorative works through over eighty paintings and panels by leading figures including: Manet, Monet and Renoir.
The Credit Suisse Exhibition: Raphael
Time: Opening spring 2023 Location: North Galleries
In the year that marks the 500th anniversary of Raphael’s death, we present one of the first-ever exhibitions to explore his complete career.
The exhibition looks at his celebrated paintings and drawings as well as his work in architecture, poetry, and design for sculpture.
With loans from the Hermitage, the Louvre, etc, this is an opportunity to see the width of Raphael’s skill and creativity.
21．What can visitors enjoy in both Dürer’s Journeys and Artemisia
A．Private collections. B．The artist’s letters.
C．The artist’s portraits. D．Stories about women artists.
22．When should you go if you are interested in home decorative works
A．On 1 April 2022. B．On 4 July 2022.
C．On 29 December 2022. D．On 17 January 2022.
23．What do we know about The Credit Suisse Exhibition: Raphael
A．Its exhibits are private collections.
B．Most exhibits haven’t been exhibited.
C．It shows a wide range of Raphael’s talents.
D．Its exhibition area is the same as the other three’s.
In real life Joanna Garcia Swisher, 41, is happily married to former Major League Baseball player Nick Swisher, 40, and raising daughters Sailor, 4, and Emerson, 7. On TV she needs the help of a matchmaker to find love in the new Hallmark Channel romance As Luck Would Have It. She opens up about raising strong girls, how her parents’ recent deaths affected her and which roles fans recognize her for the most.
You haven’t needed a matchmaker — but if life had turned out differently, would you use one
I would totally have been game for it. I was set up by a friend of ours to meet my husband, but I think it sounds so fun.
You star opposite Allen Leech — were you a Downton Abbey fan
I’m a huge Downton fan, but I know Allen personally very well. He happened to marry my best friend’s little sister. His mom actually cooked me dinner a couple of times while I was shooting!
You’ve been on TV since you were a teen. Which role gets you recognized most
Sweet Magnolias now. But overall I would say Reba. I also get recognized for being Amy Adams more than I get recognized for being myself.
You lost your mother, father and grandmother in the past year and a half. How are you and your family doing
My daughters have watched me go through so much in the last year, from the highs of the success of Sweet Magnolias to the lowest of lows, losing my parents and my grandmother. I really believe that it’s not what happens to you, it’s what happens for you. Even in their passing, as tragic as it was ... I know that it’s not for nothing. My mom was such a strong, capable, amazing woman; my father was the ultimate father and feminist and just huge source of support — and I think that solidified my strength. So I only hope that I’m modeling that same strength for my girls.
24．How does the text develop
A．By questions and answers. B．By listing examples.
C．By narrating life stories. D．By comparison and contrast.
25．What does Joanna Garcia Swisher think of a matchmaker in marriage
A．It’s strange. B．It’s acceptable. C．It’s terrible. D．It’s necessary.
26．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph imply
A．Joanna was just playing on words. B．Joanna missed her parents much.
C．Joanna submitted herself to her fate. D．Joanna faced the tragedy positively.
27．What can best describe Joanna Garcia Swisher according to the text
A．Simple and talkative. B．Stubborn and influential.
C．Strong and easy-going. D．Negative and sensitive.
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
28．What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in. B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
29．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
30．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
Cosplayers can invest considerable time, money and effort into making best head-to-toe presentations that are one-of-a-kind. But what inspires cosplayers to present themselves with so many detailed artistic designs Psychologists try to reveal the facts through research.
When a cosplayer selects a particular costume, he/she is often getting inside a specific character—or combination of characters—because something about that role speaks to them personally, according to Robin S. Rosenberg, a clinical psychologist at the University of California, San Francisco.
Batman, for example, can be an especially meaningful cosplay choice for someone coping with trauma. The dark superhero faced destructive trauma when he was a child—witnessing the cruel and violent murder of his parents—which he overcame to become a hero. “When people are dressed as Batman, many talk about having experienced their own traumatic experiences,” Rosenberg said. “He survived and found meaning and purpose from his experience, and that is inspiring to them.”
Rosenberg noted that Wonder Woman is another popular choice which calls up many women’s feelings, partly because she holds her own in the male-dominated world of costumed comics superheroes. “For those cosplayers, dressing as Wonder Woman is a way of celebrating and embracing her power,” Rosenberg said.
Cosplay is a type of performance, which frequently moves strangers to approach the character for conversation and photos. So it surprised Rosenberg to discover that many cosplayers were identified as introverts. “When they wore a costume, they became much more socially outgoing,” Rosenberg said. She explained that, sometimes, wearing a costume allows a person to obtain confidence they didn't know they had, and helps them overcome shyness in real life.
“When you do any kind of costuming—but particularly cosplay—on the one hand, it gives you permission to step outside yourself,” Rosenberg said. “But on the other hand, it can bring out something in you that doesn’t usually come out.”
32．What does Rosenberg try to convey in Paragraph 2
A．Cosplayers have a special liking for costumes.
B．Cosplayers play different roles within one day.
C．Cosplayers have nothing to do but talk to themselves.
D．Cosplayers express themselves through costumes.
33．Batman and Wonder Woman are cited to reveal cosplayers’ ________.
A．childhood abuse B．need to repair personal difficulties
C．gender inequality D．eagerness to defeat other people
34．Why did Rosenberg feel surprised
A．Cosplayers changed their personality once in costumes.
B．Cosplayers couldn’t wait to socialize when costumed.
C．Many cosplayers attracted strangers to talk with them.
D．So many cosplayers were considered as pessimistic people.
35．What may serve as the most suitable title of the text
A．Devotion to cosplay B．People in costumes
C．Batman or Wonder Woman D．Psychology behind cosplay
阅读理解【江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测】
Ask The Expert Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS
Struggling to hear each day, even when using powerful hearing aids
Dr. ALEJANDRO RIVAS, a cochlear
(耳蜗) implant surgeon and medical advisor to Cochlear, answers questions about cochlear implants and how they are different from hearing aids.
Now more than ever, communication and connection are important for maintaining relationships with family, friends and community. Whether it happens suddenly or gradually over time, hearing loss can affect you physically and emotionally. Addressing your hearing loss has the potential to transform your life.Cochlear implants work different than hearing aids. Rather than amplifying sound, they use state-of-the-art electronic components and software to help provide access to the sounds you have been missing.
Q: How are cochlear implants different than hearing aids
Hearing aids help many people by making the sounds they hear louder. Unfortunately, as hearing loss progresses, sounds may not only need to be louder, they may need to be clearer. Cochlear implants can help give you that clarity, especially in noisy environments.
Q: Are cochlear implants a proven solution
Cochlear hearing implant technology is very reliable. In fact, it has been around for 40 years and Cochlear has provided more than 60.0000 implantable hearing devices.
Q: Is it major surgery
No, not at all. The procedure is often done on an outpatient basis and typically takes just a couple of hours.
Q: Are cochlear implants covered by Medicare
Yes. Medicare and most private insurance plans routinely cover cochlear implants.
Call 800 610 4901 or visit www.Cochlear.us/Rdigest to find a Hearing Implant Specialist near you and get a free guide about cochlear implants.
1．Where is this article probably taken from A．A textbook. B．A blog. C．A magazine. D．A diary.
2．What advantages do cochlear implants have over hearing aids
A．They can work through software. B．They are more reliable.
C．They can make sounds clearer. D．They are covered by Medicare.
3．Who answers the questions in this article
A．An outpatient of the surgery. B．A Cochlear Implant surgeon.
C．A specialist of medical insurance. D．A customer of Cochlear implant.
Most people, regardless of intelligence or education, know little about memory. A revealing study by research psychologists Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris asked people simple questions about memory and then compared their answers with those of experts in memory research. The results show how far removed from reality the public’s beliefs about memory are. For instance, to the question “Is there a ‘video camera’ in your head ” 63 percent of people surveyed strongly agreed that human memory “works like a video camera, accurately recording the events we see and hear so that we can review and inspect them later.” But none of the experts agreed that memory works like a video camera.
So how does memory work I prefer to describe it as something like an old man sitting by a campfire somewhere deep in your brain. He means well and wants to help, but he doesn’t show you your past like some wizard with a time entrance. The best he can do is tell you stories. And like all good storytellers, he edits for impact, efficiency, functionality, and clarity. He tells you what he assumes you need to know.
Sometimes he may even embellish the tale by adding a bit of flavor. Or the old man might decide to leave out a few things in order to spare you pain or shame. He also makes honest mistakes—lots and lots of them. Sometimes he just gets confused or careless and leaves out something important. He could even include inaccurate information by accident.
In other words, memory is associative and constructive. It’s not like files on a computer hard drive arranged by subject or placed in chronological (时间的) order. A memory will be put away and connected to other memories or concepts in ways that are not necessarily practical or logical. This is why a particular smell or sound may bring you a memory even though it wasn’t important in the original experience.
The human brain is still a mysterious universe in many ways, of course. Fortunately, enough has been revealed to offer us some guidance toward wiser and safer navigations through daily life. Your memory is best thought of as helpful input.
4．Why does the author mention the question “Is there a video camera in your head ” in paragraph 1
A．To introduce the research on memory done by psychologists.
B．To prove that most people know little about memory.
C．To show that people’s memory are in agreement with reality.
D．To give readers a vivid description about how memory works.
5．What does the underlined word “embellish” probably mean in the third paragraph
A．Enrich B．Repeat. C．Invent. D．Recall.
6．Why does the old man sometimes leave out something important
A．Because he often makes mistakes. B．Because he edits the story for charity.
C．Because he doesn’t want you to suffer. D．Because he includes inaccurate information.
7．What is most likely to be talked about in the next paragraph
A．What our brain is composed of. B．What we still don’t know about memory.
C．How the brain stores information. D．How we make better use of our memory.
Created as recently as 2011, and mainly played by those aged over 50, walking football is growing at great pace in Britain. The game, where players walk rather than run, is designed to help aged people get fit or maintain an active lifestyle no matter what their age and fitness. According to a 2019 survey, there were 1,200 registered clubs and an estimated 40,000 regular participants.
North Ferriby Walking Football Club in East Yorkshire is one such example. “We started in 2015,” explains Mark Leighton, the team’s manager. “The first week we started off, we probably only had four or five players. Now we have 42 registered players taking part over three separate sessions each week.” Mark’s immediate goal is to get the club to 50 registered players across four sessions a week.
Andy Fairburn is a regular at the sessions. Now in his early-seventies, Andy finds the game still has plenty to offer him. “I’ve been playing football since 16. Getting older, your knees start to hurt, and I’ll know when it’s time to stop. I am sill competitive, though, and old habits die hard.”
It goes beyond kicking a football around for players like Andy. “There’s a serious football side if you want to win and a friendship side. I’d rather stick to the latter. It’s brilliant to socialize with people through walking football.”
Walking football is clearly a success story with much to be proud of. However, it’s striking that 87 per cent of clubs reported that less than 10 per cent of players are female. And not all clubs are as fortunate as North Ferriby Walking Football Club, which operates on a pay-as-you-go model and has secure sponsorship to reduce the cost burden.
8．What do we know about walking football
A．It is becoming popular in and outside Britain.
B．It has been played for dozens of years.
C．It is aimed at improving elderly people’s welfare.
D．It has the same rules as the normal football.
9．Why does the author mention North Ferriby Club in paragraph 2
A．To introduce a successful walking football club.
B．To illustrate the growth of walking football.
C．To praise Mark Leighton’s work for the club.
D．To suggest the ideal number of players in a club.
10．What does Andy Fairburn like most about walking football
A．The sport is good for his knees. B．He doesn’t have to give up his habit.
C．Winning games makes him feel good. D．He can make friends with new people.
11．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．There’s work to be done to promote the game. B．Most women don’t like playing football.
C．Walking football clubs can be profitable. D．The findings of the 2019 survey are wrong.
As the threat against coral reefs has increased, researchers are introducing innovative methods to farm healthy corals more efficiently.
Unlike the traditional way of growing corals in the ocean, land-based nurseries nurture (培育) corals in tanks before planting them onto reefs. While the operations tend to come with a high price tag and are more labor intensive, they provide an opportunity to raise corals in a controlled environment where experimental methods could be used and allows for repairing reefs on a massive scale.
These methods include growing corals in tanks on land, or using advanced techniques to promote growth rates and adaptability to the changing environment. Coral Vita, a for-profit company in Grand Bahama, can now grow corals up to 50 times faster than in nature by cutting corals into small pieces, a process known as “microfragmentation”.
The farm is also equipped with a high-tech aquaculture system, referred to by Coral Vita employees as the “life support system,” which can regulate water quality through temperature, pH and other adjustable settings. The system can be set up elsewhere with some adjustments for a region’s specific coral. “It can be very plug and play, which is really important for large-scale restoration,” says Teicher, founder of Coral Vita.
The potential for large scale is critical to Coral Via’s business plan, which is connected to the idea or “selling restoration as a service”. In 2021, Coral Vita signed its first restoration contracts with the Grand Bahama Port Authority. “There are about 100 countries and regions with coral reefs,” Teicher says. “There need to be large-scale coral farms in every single one of them. The amount of funding in the non-profit space is a drop in the bucket, and our model could help make the field less dependent on donations.”
Marine biologist David Vaughan points out that Coral Vita may have a couple million dollars in start-up costs and plants fewer than 5,000 to 10,000 corals a year. “That isn’t the economic scale that we need to get this to,” Vaughan says, adding hundreds of thousands of operations “costing couple of dollars a coral” will be required.
12．In which aspect are new methods of coral restoration different from traditional ways
A．Growing corals can be more economical. B．Fewer workers are needed to grow corals.
C．Corals are grown in artificial environments. D．New methods are more environment friendly.
13．What does Teicher mean by saying “plug and play”
A．The farm’s technology is advanced. B．The system is easy to operate.
C．Many places have brought in the system. D．He is confident of his farm’s future.
14．Why does Teicher choose the for-profit model
A．Because the model can help him become rich.
B．Because the model is required by the authority.
C．Because there are fewer non-profit companies.
D．Because donations are not enough for restoration.
15．What is Vaughan’s attitude towards Coral Vita’s plan
A．Approving. B．Skeptical. C．Unclear. D．Tolerant.
阅读理解【江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
Volunteers NeededDepaulUSA-Casa Milagrosa
VOLUNTEER ROLES &RESPONSIBILITIES
On the Third Wednesday of the month we host our Monthly Food Distribution event on site. Volunteers can expect a larger group of fellow volunteers on these days and to work alongside other volunteers in various capacities, including sorting, packing and distributing fresh produce.
Food Sorter and Packer: These volunteers are tasked with assisting the driver in unloading boxes of food. Move and arrange produce boxes to the packing area to facilitate the packing process. Pack produce bags/boxes with predetermined quantities of produce items. Place packed bags/boxes in distribution tables, once packed.
Food Distributor: Volunteers distribute pre-packaged produced boxes/bags and help our guests with loading into their vehicles if necessary. Clean up, including breaking down boxes and removing empty boxes if applicable.
Guest Greeter/Registration:
If you’re bilingual (双语的) and able to assist clients at distribution sites, we need your help as a client greeter and registration volunteer, who is the first point of contact at Casa Milagrosa distribution site. These volunteers must have a cheerful welcoming behavior and a willingness to welcome new clients and be responsible for: answering questions clients may have (in their preferred language), making plans for the distribution.
SKILLS
Food Delivery/Distribution ·Multi-Tasking
People Skills ·Guiding
REQUIREMENS·Relevant Training
Time Commitment: 4-5 hours in 1 day·Minimum Age:18
1．Which is included in the volunteering tasks A．Cleaning guests vehicles. B．Sorting and packing food.
C．Providing language training D．Donating money and food.
2．What can we learn about the food distribution event
A．It is held on every Wednesday. B．It needs volunteers teamwork.
C．It provides some online service. D．Its volunteers have to serve all day.
3．Who may be the best person for the event
A．A kind housewife available on weekends.
B．A helpful teacher giving lessons daily at school.
C．A sociable interpreter skilled at distributing food.
D．A cheerful junior student good at greeting others.
“Belonging is important throughout the lifetime, particularly during life shifts, such as the first year of college.“reported Janine M. Dutcher in Psychological Science. “This connection to the university community is often referred to as ‘school belonging’, which is thought to be the extent to which students feel personally accepted, respected, included, and supported by others in the school social environment.”
A series of three studies were conducted about the research.During each study, students began the term by self-reporting their symptoms (症状) of depression, sense of social fit, and feelings of belonging. Belonging was measured by asking participants to rate one simple statement on a range from 1 to 7: “Today, I feel like I belong at .…(school name).’
In the initial exploratory study of 157 students and the first confirmatory study of 121 students, participants then reported their sense of belonging at the end of each day for one week at the beginning, middle, and end of the term. In the second confirmatory study, 172 students did this reporting for one week at the beginning and end of both the winter and spring terms. During assessment weeks, participants also completed measures of social interaction, social fit, and symptoms of depression four times each day.
In all three studies, students’ feelings of belonging were found to predict their symptoms of depression in advance even after controlling current depression symptoms, social interaction, and feelings of social fit or loneliness. Additionally feelings of loneliness not the number of social interactions that students reported having each day, were also found to predict symptoms of depression.
“College students’ risk of developing depression has been increasing for academic and social reasons in recent years. However,these daily feelings of belonging actually provide an important signal for changes in depressive symptomatology,“ Dutcher wrote. “This could have important implications for interventions to relieve depressive symptoms in first-year university students because early detection of risk can allow for both earlier intervention and more positive preventative strategies.”
4．What does the research mainly focus on
A．The new approaches to relieving depression.
B．The symptoms and prevention of depression.
C．The social interactions between college students.
D．The connection between belonging and depression.
5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The process of the research. B．The direction of the research.
C．The abilities of the participants. D．The backgrounds of the participants.
6．Which of the following is true about the research
A．Feeling lonely frequently means suffering from depression.
B．The sense of belonging can serve as a predictor of depression.
C．The social interactions determine the symptoms of depression.
D．Controlling current depression symptoms leads to a full recovery.
7．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Depression can be cured easily if detected timely.
B．Depression is unavoidable due to various pressures.
C．Earlier detection makes for the prevention of depression.
D．Students are more likely to develop depression than others.
【江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
One of the interesting things about China is that they love lists. There are sorts of things through Chinese history that are in list form, such as the Four Great Beauties the Seven Warring States, and the Three Kingdoms. It should come as no surprise that there is such a thing as the Four Great Inventions.
There are literally hundreds of inventions that were originally invented in China before they were introduced anywhere else. However, the Four Great Inventions in particular stands out as having greatly changed not just Chinese civilization, but the entire world.
However, what makes the Four Great Inventions such an odd list for China is that the list was created by someone British.The Four Great Inventions was actually invented by British historian and sinologist Joseph Needham. He spent much of his life travelling in China, collecting and documenting examples of Chinese inventions and technology. He published his first book on Chinese culture in 1954 where he listed many Chinese inventions which were originally thought to be European inventions.
In the 16* century, there was a version floating around called the Three Great Inventions which contributed to the greatness of Europe, or more specifically sometimes Germany. It might have been created by English philosopher Francis Bacon: the printing press, gunpowder, and the compass.
As explorers began more frequently visiting China, they realized that all of those great inventions had been around in China for centuries before they appeared in Europe.So, as part of his work and setting the record straight, Needham created the Four Great Inventions of China, a list that has subsequently gained widespread approval from scholars in China itself.
The four great inventions are the three listed before: the printing press, gunpowder, the compass, and the other being paper-making.
8．What does paragraph 1 serve as
A．A plot. B．A lead-in.
C．A clue. D．A conclusion.
9．What does the underlined word “sinologist” probably mean
A．An expert studying Chinese culture.
B．A publisher trying to sell books.
C．An explorer searching for treasures.
D．A businessman trading with the Chinese.
10．What can we infer from the passage
A．Joseph Needham published books to list Chinese landscapes.
B．Francis Bacon was the first to create the Four Great Inventions.
C．The Four Great Inventions changed Europe, especially Germany.
D．Ancient China contributed to scientific development worldwide.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Who really comes up with the Four Great Inventions
B．How do the Four Great Inventions change the world
C．What makes the Four Great Inventions well accepted
D．Why are the Four Great Inventions important to Europe
The words “caring” and “empathetic”(共情的) aren’t ones normally associated with technology. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser who is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying to change that.
Yearsley is the founder of Akin, a robotics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system to help users manage the tasks related to homelife, whether that’s planning meals or reminding you to pay your cell phone bill. Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.
In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built for it’s a complex system, Yearsley says.
Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017,when she realized the need to better manage the home is hugely ignored.Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work. A United Nations report estimates that women do 2.6 times the amount of unpaid care and domestic work that men do,or close to 30 hours per week in the U.S. alone.
Meanwhile, Yearsley, who has a special-needs child and a relative with disability says it makes sense to focus on the disability field because of the extra in-home needs of users and their caregivers. “We have a lot more work load,”she says.“Are we giving time back to caregivers I am not going to rest until I give you back 10 hours a week.”
While Yearsley pictures an army of robots someday helping with routine homemade tasks, the first display for Akin will take time and money.Akin has received some early seed from a handful of investors, and was recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.
12．What might the Akin’s Al system suggest
A．Consuming more drinks to enjoy yourself.
B．Staying up late working to make more money
C．Spending more time staying with your family
D．Purchasing products similar to what you bought.
13．Which is a contributor to Yearsley’s Al system
A．Lots of financial support from investors
B．The uselessness of current home devices.
C．Akins’ becoming a finalist for a program.
D．Heavy burden of housewives and caregivers.
14．What can be used to describe the Akin’s AI system
A．Successful and promising B．Stable and practical.
C．Thoughtful and innovative. D．Mature and friendly.
15．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To call on people to help the disabled. B．To raise money for a tech giant.
C．To compare two companies’ AI systems. D．To introduce a futuristic AI system.
阅读理解【江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中】
Humanities Mentors
Humanities Mentors (导师) are student volunteers. They build community for current students in Humanities Series and connect them with other humanists on campus. Main duties for mentors
● Help undergraduates with the humanities on campus, including the Humanistic Studies certificate. Offer advice about reading, writing, course selection, and international experiences.
● Participate in Humanities forum, where students improve their papers with the help of Mentors.
● Involve students in discussing literature, philosophy, history, and art.
● Write brief blogs about humanities experiences on campus and beyond.
● May serve as chairman, who lead Humanities forum. Become a Humanities Mentor
Please fill out the Google Form if you would like to become a Humanities Mentor. Meet with a Humanities Mentor
Are you interested in the humanities Have you taken a Humanities Sequence, and don’t know what to do next Want to learn about humanities opportunities at and beyond Princeton We encourage you to email one of our Humanities Mentors for advice about course selection, the Humanistic Studies certificate, internships, and more.
During the academic year, the Coffee Conference program enables students interested in the humanities to ask Humanities Mentors for advice over an informal cup of coffee. To participate, students can contact anyone in the Mentor directory to schedule a coffee conference (coffee’s on us. ).
1．Who is this passage intended for
A．Professors. B．Undergraduates. C．High school students. D．Parents.
2．What is a duty of Humanities Mentors
A．To build communities beyond campus.
B．To provide certificates for students.
C．To help improve the students’ papers.
D．To write blogs about life experiences.
3．What can the students do to meet with a humanities Mentor
A．Fill out the Google Form. B．Show interest in the humanities.
C．E-mail a Humanities Mentor. D．Schedule a coffee conference.
One day, Hilary Krieger was sitting in her parents’ home when her friend accidentally squirted (喷射) himself with an orange slice. “Oh, the orange just orbisculated,” she said. “It did what ” asked her friend, “I’ve never heard such a word.” The two made a five-dollar bet, and Hilary gleefully grabbed the family dictionary. She quickly turned to the “O” section and didn’t find it. Then she burst into her dad’s study and told him the shocking news: “Orbisculate” was not in the dictionary!
Looking embarrassed, her father confessed that he had made up the word when in college. He defined “orbisculate” as the action that happens “when you dig your spoon into a grapefruit and it squirts juice directly into your eye,” though the family also applied it to other fruits and vegetables that unexpectedly sprayed. “We had been using it our whole lives, as if it were a real word,” Hilary says.
Out five dollars and wondering what other fake words might exist in her vocabulary. Hilary was mad. But she quickly came to see her dad’s made-up word as a gift, one that, revealed his naughty and inventive spirit. “It speaks to his creativity and the idea that, even when something’s painful and annoying, like getting grape fruit juice in your eye, you can laugh and have fun with it, ” she says.
Two decades later, Hilary told that funny story again and again, in sad circumstances. Her father, Neil Krieger, died at age 78. “‘Orbisculate’ is such a great word that I dream it should be in the dictionary!” says Hilary. To get the word officially recognized, Hilary set up a website, , encouraging people to use “orbisculate” in a wide variety of contexts.
Getting a word into the dictionary isn’t easy, but words describing concrete phenomena that affect many people tend to get picked up. “That’s one of the things ‘orbisculate’ has going for it — there is no single word that captures’ the squirting in the eye that certain fruits do,” senior editor of the Merriam-Webster dictionary Emily Brewster says. “The word’s status as an established member of the English language would be pretty undeniable.”
4．What shocked Hilary Krieger one day
A．Her friend’s squirting juice into his eyes.
B．Losing five dollar in the bet.
C．Failing to find “orbisculate” in the dictionary.
D．Her father’s making up the word.
5．What made Hilary see her dad’s made-up word as a gift
A．The application of the word to other fruits.
B．Her father’s naughty and inventive spirit.
C．The fun she got from the word “orbisculate”.
D．Her dream about the word again and again.
6．What is Brewster’s attitude toward Hillary’s dream
A．Cautious. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Unclear.
7．Why did Hilary want to get “orbisculate” in the dictionary
A．To recall her childhood life. B．To memorialize her father.
C．To get herself officially recognized. D．To encourage people to make up new words.
New bioplastics are being made in laboratories from straw, wood chips and food waste, with researchers aiming to replace oil as the source of the world’s plastic.
The new approaches include genetically modifying bacteria to eat wood and produce useful chemicals. But the bioplastics are currently significantly more expensive to make than fossil fuel-based plastics.
Land and seas around the world, from high mountains to deep oceans, have become polluted with plastic, prompting major public concern. The world has produced 8bn tons of plastic since the 1950s and demand is still rising.
While some waste plastic is recycled, much of it is burnt to produce electricity, resulting in carbon emissions that drive climate change. In contrast to plastic made from oil, plastics made from plant-based materials only release the carbon the plants absorbed from the air as they grew. Bioplastics will also give more options for products that biodegrade in the environment, although they can be made very long-lasting if required.
“Plastics are an incredible enhancement to our daily lives, ”said Paul Mines, CEO of Biome Technologies in the UK, which has spent ￡5m in the last five years on bioplastics research. “But we can’t go on using fossil fuel-based materials. About 6-7% of every barrel of oil is used to make plastics. ”
Using plant materials is feasible, said professor Simon, at the University of York. Replacing half of the nation’s plastic bottles could be done using just 3% of the sugar beet crop, 5% of wheat straw or 2. 5% of food waste, he said.
Currently, just a few thousand tons of bioplastic are used in the UK each year, compared to millions of tons of conventional plastic. Mines said this could rise to about 20, 000 tons in the next five years.
8．Why are high mountains and deep oceans mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To display the range of plastic waste.
B．To show the widespread use of plastic.
C．To stress the increasing demand for plastic.
D．To raise awareness of ocean protection.
9．What is one advantage of bioplastics over fossil fuel-based plastics
A．Producing electricity. B．Being eco-friendly.
C．Driving climate change. D．Biodegrading other plastic.
10．What does the underlined word “feasible” mean in paragraph 6
A．Possible. B．Troublesome. C．Original. D．Costly.
11．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Plastics arc necessary in daily life.
B．Oil is the source of the world’s plastic.
C．Bioplastic making is a promising industry.
D．Scientists are researching bioplastic making.
【江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中】
As a kid growing up in a suburb of London. I loved to go looking for the perfect park bench. Some Sunday mornings, my dad could be persuaded to drive to new parks. We’d have a kick-around with a soccer ball, share a bag of Dotritos and check out all the benches in the area, reading the words on them.
The good park bench leaves me in a state, somewhere between nostalgia (怀旧) and eager antic ration. Where once I was excited by the words carved on wood, I now find, as a 10-year-old, that I’m more appreciative of each bench’s quiet stoicism (坦然淡定), the way they are willing to wait out their turn in every weather, remaining available to all-comers. Like a good book or piece of music, a park bench allows for a sense of solitude (独处) and community at the same time, which is crucial to life in a great city.
Part of my recession with park benches is as spaces where history settles. By planting seeds of curiosity, and making space for reflection, park benches become doors to the past. Maybe that’s the greatest power of the park bench: its rapacity encourages the art of observation. A good bench catches us in our quietest, most vulnerable (脆弱的) moments, when we may be open to imagining new nanauves and revisiting old ones. Our masks are taken off, hung from the bench’s wrought iron. On other nearby benches, babies are being burped. Glances exchanged. Sandwiches eaten. Newspapers read it .
Lately, I’ve found me sitting on a lot of cramped metal benches of the kind that don’t invite you to linger long, or nafsirtoncicue ones that leave you cold. That’s because public seating is becoming an endangered species. Our cities are becoming more like Disneyland, which has been quietly removing public seating and replacing it with more restaurant seating. If you want a moment’s rest in 21st-century America, you have to open your wallet.
One recent Sunday, I wandered through Central Park. To be in Central Park in what is hopefully the pandemic’s twilight is to be reminded of the beauty of living in a city that still makes space for park benches in the modem cityscape.
12．How did the writer lead in the topic
A．By describing the scene of the park.
B．By revealing his passion for London.
C．By showing his father’s affection for him.
D．By introducing his childhood experience.
13．What can we learn about the writer after he grew up
A．He was suffering great frustration in his 40s.
B．He enjoyed the peace in the park very much.
C．He liked the feel park benches brought to him.
D．He was still crazy about the words on the bench
14．Which aspect of park benches does paragraph 3 focus on
A．Design. B．History. C．Location. D．Power.
15．Why is public seating becoming an endangered species
A．It is out of date. B．It is uncomfortable to sit there.
C．It is commercialized. D．It is usually made of metal.
阅读理解【江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中教学质量调研】
People often wonder about some of the best places to see. A good point of reference is to first look at attractions labeled as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These sites are culturally or physically significant places listed by the United Nations for their importance to humanity as a whole. Let's see some of them!
The Mogao Caves, China
Also known as the Mogao Grottoes, the caves are located along the cliffside above the Daquan River in Gansu province. First built in 366 and comprising 492 caves, the Mogao Caves are known as the biggest collection of Buddhist art in the world. As a landmark of the historic Silk Road, the Mogao Caves are a perfect display of Chinese art history over a period of a thousand years.
Redwood National Park, US
Lying in the mountainous region north of San Francisco in California, US, the Redwood National Park is significant for its collection of redwood trees—the tallest and oldest trees in the world—as well as its variety of sea and land wildlife. Once abundant throughout the temperate regions of the world, the Redwood trees of California are among the only living examples left of this old plant species, a biological group which has existed for 160 million years.
Machu Picchu, Peru
Situated in the Andes Mountains, this fascinating ancient city is remarkable both for its beautiful setting as well as its use of complex city planning. Standing at 2,430 meters above sea level, the city of Machu Picchu is shrouded in both mist and mystery. Researchers have yet to uncover the city's role in the Incan empire's use of astronomy and plant domestication.
1．What do the three places have in common
A．They all provide shelter for wildlife.
B．They all have existed for millions of years.
C．They are all located on the top of a mountain.
D．They all take on great significance to humans.
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．The Mogao Caves mean a lot to the Silk Road.
B．Redwood National Park is the only home of redwood trees.
C．The Mogao Caves are the biggest collection of art in the world.
D．Researchers have already figured out the role of Machu Picchu.
3．Where is this passage taken from
A．A science book B．A traveler's journal
C．A news report D．A trip guide
“The first step in realizing your dream is to not be afraid of any challenge,” Liu Wa from Bejing Chaoyang Kaiwen Academy said.
This July, when Liu was informed that the music festival her band was attending had some trouble and was about to be cancelled, she decided to take over the job of hosting it. “I thought to myself, how hard could hosting be ” What’s more, she turned this festival into a charity event by raising money for a stray dog rescue station in Anhui province.
Liu became a volunteer for the station by coincidence two years ago. “I realized how much money it could take to save those dogs. This music festival is exactly the opportunity I need to raise people’s awareness of protecting stray dogs and donate money for them,” Liu said.
Liu and her two friends, who are also members of the band needed to find sponsorships, set up the venue and contact bands of high schools in Beijing to perform within two weeks. “Negotiating with sponsors was tricky sometimes as we needed to figure out what they wanted and trade with resources we had,”Liu recalled. They managed to cooperate with companies such as a study abroad agency to cover the expense as much as possible. Many parents also “sponsored” them with their homemade food.
The weather forecast had said that the day of the music festival, Aug 6, was going to be rainy. “We were so worried at first. But then a miracle happened: It only rained a little toward the end, helping us to sell the umbrellas we had prepared,” Liu said.
Audiences were mainly friends, parents and students. “Because of the pandemic, the audiences were limited to no more than 200 people, which also pushed us to come up with ways of earning money other than tickets,” Liu explained. Eventually, they managed to raise 50,000 yuan from rain gear, food, and accessories they had designed.
Having been looked down upon many times by professional bands in Beijing, Liu also sees this festival as a way of telling the world that high school bands are just as good. “I want to run our own music channel on Bilibili. Our love for music will never stop,” Liu said.
4．What can we learn about Liu Wa
A．She is caring and has a strong will.
B．She turned the music festival totally into a charity.
C．She intentionally volunteered for a stray dog rescue station.
D．She decided to host the festival due to her relevant experiences.
5．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The preparations for the music festival.
B．The negotiations with sponsor companies.
C．Sponsor feedback on the music festival.
D．Resources needed for the music festival.
6．What can be inferred from the passage
A．The weather forecast was not a bit accurate.
B．Many parents also donated money to the music festival.
C．People from all walks of life attended the music festival.
D．Selling tickets for the festival is not Liu’s only way to raise money.
7．What does the music festival mean to Liu
A．A battle with professional bands. B．A showcase for high school bands.
C．A channel for popularizing her band. D．A chance to learn from other bands.
American Airlines announced an agreement in mid-August to buy 20 supersonic Overture planes from Boom Supersonic, a US-based start-up company focused on the production of supersonic commercial aircraft.
The Overture is planned to transport between 65 and 80 passengers at speeds of over 1.7 times that of the speed of sound (235 km/h) — twice that of the fastest traditional commercial airplane on the market today.
The idea of riding aboard a plane at supersonic speeds might seem like a scary one; but, in fact, it might even be smoother than flying on a traditional airplane.
Most commercial airliners fly between 11.5 and 12 kilometers high in the sky, but the Overture will fly at about 18.29 kilometers by comparison. The higher a plane flies, the thinner the air is, resulting in less turbulence (颠簸).
As Lourdes Maurice, a mechanical engineer and advisor to Boom Supersonic, remarked about her supersonic flight on the Concorde, the Overture’s predecessor: “Climbing to 60,000 feet (about 18.29 km) was incredibly smooth. There was no turbulence. We knew we were flying supersonically, but our bodies didn’t give us any signs.”
Since the first supersonic flight by the US Air Force in October 1947 and the first commercial supersonic flight in 1976, the promise of supersonic flight has been an alluring goal; yet, the path forward has seen many obstacles. The biggest problem is that massive, powerful sound waves called “sonic booms” are created when an object breaks the sound barrier.
Similar to thunder, these sonic booms are difficult to ignore when flying over residential areas. Besides noise pollution, the use of supersonic aircraft has also been criticized for is huge fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in bans on supersonic commercial flights in many countries.
Since the last commercial supersonic flight of the Concorde in 2003, the dream of supersonic travel appeared dead. However, with improvements being made to supersonic plane designs and fuel efficiency, the dream could come back to life once more.
8．What do we know about the Overture
A．It will fly as high as 1829 feet.
B．It will travel much faster than sound.
C．It will carry out the first supersonic flight.
D．It will fly at twice the speed of traditional planes.
9．Which is the main factor that determines a plane’s stability
A．Its flight altitude. B．Its top flight speed.
C．Its carrying capacity. D．Its ability to reduce turbulence.
10．What does the underlined word “alluring” mean in paragraph 6
A．Scientific B．Inviting. C．Demanding. D．Essential.
11．Which of the following needs improving most about supersonic fight
A．Huge fuel consumption. B．High development costs.
C．Excessive noise generation. D．High greenhouse gas emissions.
From Latin America to Sichuan province, chili peppers and their famous burning taste have become a worldwide sensation (热门) .But how could something that burns so hot possibly be any good for people
In a study by researchers at Marshall University in the Us, scientists made the first complete description of capsaicin (辣椒素)—a chemical found in spicy chilies—and its anti-cancer properties. Although capsaicin is not normally a good medicine due to some negative properties such as its spicy flavor, the study found that there are ways to bring out its anti-cancer benefits while overcoming these negatives.
In nature, capsaicin evolved as a defense mechanism in plants to drive away unwanted animals while attracting those that could spread the seeds, such as birds which cannot taste or feel the spice. From a scientific point of view, capsaicin works by triggering a pain receptor called TRPV1, causing the body to react as if it had actually touched something hot and dangerous. Yet, this natural repellent (驱虫剂) for most animals has instead become a favorite food for many people, often called “chiliheads”.
So, what is it that attracts humans to capsaicin, chili peppers and spicy food in general Besides its many health benefits — such as pain relief, weight loss, and body heat regulation—people love eating chili peppers precisely because it hits the pain receptors in just the right way.
As Scientific American noted: “People seem to enjoy — and actively seek out—many other sensations ... the sensation of falling provided by roller coasters or skydiving, the feelings of fear and anxiety while watching horror movies, the physical pain experienced upon jumping into icy water, or even the feelings of sadness that come while watching a tearjerker.”
So, the next time you bite
