牛津深圳版八年级上册Module 2 Science and technology Unit 3 Computers 词句精讲精练（含答案）

Unit 3 Computers
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1.order
order作及物动词，意为“点菜，订购”。其后可接双宾语，即order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb.
例如：
I want to order you a suit. = I want to order a suit for you. 我想给你订套衣服。
【拓展】
(1) order作动词，意为“命令，指挥，要求”。例如：
The police ordered them to wait right there. 警察命令他们就在那里等待。
(2) order作名词，意为“顺序，次序；命令，指示或点菜”。例如：
Please put these sentences in the correct order. 请按正确的顺序排列这些句子。
She gave orders for the work to be started. 他命令开始工作。
May I take your order 可以点菜吗？
2. seem
（1）seem是系动词，它的意思是“似乎，仿佛”，后面用that或者as if引导的从句作表语，主语常用it。例如：
It seems as if it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨。
It seems that he likes his new job. 他看起来很喜欢他的新工作。
（2）seem的后面还可用“动词不定式、名词、现在分词、过去分词或者to be+形容词”作表语。例如：
He seems to laugh at us. 他仿佛在嘲笑我们。
He seems（to be） ill.他似乎病了。
3. compare
（1）compare作动词，意为“比较，对照”，常与with连用。例如：
Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。
My handwriting can’t be compared with my father’s.
我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。
If you compare the two books, you will see this one is better.
如果你比较一下这两本书，你会发现这一本好一些。
(2) compare作动词，还用作比喻意义，意为“比作”。例如：
Man’s life is often compared to a candle.
人生常被比为蜡烛。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。
4.control
(1) control作名词，意为“控制，支配”。例如：
He lost control of his car. 他的汽车失控了。
Some teachers have more control over pupils than their parents have.
有的老师比小学生的父母更能管得住他们。
He was working hard to keep control of himself.
他正努力克制自己。
（2）control作动词，意为“控制，掌控”。例如：
He controlled his anger and left the school.
他压住怒火离开了学校。
At that time the Romans controlled a vast empire.
那时罗马人统治着一个很大的帝国。
（3）固定搭配in control of，意为“掌管，掌控”。例如：
Nobody knows who is in control of the club.
没人知道是谁掌管着这家俱乐部。
In the West, people feel more in control of their own lives.
在西方，人们感觉个人生活更自如一些。
5.depend
depend意思为“依靠、依赖、取决于”等，只用作不及物动词，通常与介词 on, upon 连用，主要用法有：
（1) depend on/upon＋某人或某物 例如：
Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.
我们是否去野营要看天气。
Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
儿童的衣食靠父母。
（2) depend on [upon]＋从句 例如：
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.
我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。
The amount you pay depends on where you live.
你付多少钱要看你住什么地方。
（3)口语中说 It (all) depends. /That depends.意为“那要看情况”。 例如：
—Are you going too 你也去吗
—That depends. 那要看情况。
6. operate
（1）operate作不及物动词，意为“运作;营业；产生效果”。例如：
The machine is not operating properly. 机器运转得不正常。
His company operates in several countries. 他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。
The medicine operated quickly. 这药很快起了作用。
（2）operate作不及物动词，还意为“动手术”，后接介词on。例如：
The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.
医生们决定为他开刀切除肿瘤。
（3）operate作及物动词，意为“操作;开动(机器)等”。例如：
Who operates that machine 那台机器由谁操作
7. popular
（1） popular作形容词，意为“流行的，受人欢迎的”。常用短语为be popular with，意为“受……的欢迎”。例如：
The most popular sport is football. 最流行的运动是足球。
He is popular with our classmates. 他在我们班里有人缘。
(2）popular作形容词，意为“民众的;大众的”。例如：
Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民众教育是我们的主要目标之一。
He speaks in popular language. 他用通俗的语言讲话。
【拓展】
popularity作名词，意为“普及,流行;大众化”。例如：
Golf has gained popularity among the wealthy in my country.
高尔夫球已在我国富有的人中流行起来。
The popularity of private cars is changing the people’s life style.
私家车的普及正在改变着人们的生活方式。
8. be bad for
be bad for意为“对……有害”，其反义词组为be good for，意为“对……有好处；对……有益”。其中be动词有人称和数的变化。例如：
Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟有害健康。
Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。
【拓展】
(1) be good for意为“对……有好处，对……有益处”，介词for后接名词或代词。例如：
Junk food is not good for our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。
Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。
(2) be good to“对……好”，其反义短语为be bad to“对……不好”。介词to之后一般接表示人的名词或代词。例如：
She is very good to us. 她对我们很好。
The boss is bad to his workers. 那个老板对他的工人不好。
9. look forward to
look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如：
I look forward to being alone in the house.
我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。
We look forward to the return of spring.
我们期待着春天的到来。
【拓展】
虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同，但用法各异。主要区别归纳如下：
(1）介词to表示“向、往、对于 ” 等，既可以指时间、方向、距离、对象或结果，又可以指程度、直接或间接关系，后面必须接名词、代词等构成介词短语。例如：
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。
Let’s drink to his health. 让我们为他的健康干杯。
He tied the monkey to the tree. 他把猴子拴在树上。
(2) 动词不定式符号to无词义，后面必须接动词原形，构成不定式短语。例如：
To play computer games is wrong. 玩电脑游戏是错误的。
My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。
I wish to go there. 我希望去那儿。
10. such as
(1) such as意为“例如”，用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但such as后边不能用逗号。例如：
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如《跟我学》《跟我学科学》。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.
许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚和加拿大等。
【拓展】
for example也意为“例如”，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。
例如：
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。
词汇精练
I. 根据首字母或汉语提示补全句子。
1. If you c _______ the two books，you’ll see this one is better.
2. She _______(订购) herself three new sweaters just now.
3. How do you ________(运转) this machine？
4. We shouldn’t d_______ too much on our parents.
5. If you want to write fast, you must learn to ______(打字).
6. This switch c________ the heating.
7. What was the p＿＿＿＿of the new car
8. Mr Jones works for a _______(公司) which makes cars.
9. The song has become very p________.
10. Ann _______(卖) me her old piano last week.
II.用括号中所给词的适当的形式填空。
1. Which is ______(big) ,the earth or the moon
2. The song is _______(popular) than that one, I think.
3. Tom, you’re too fat! You must take _____(much) exercise and eat _____(little) meat.
4. My father often helps my mother _____(cook)
5. Would you like ______(come) over to my house for dinner
6. If you don’t hurry, you ______ (be) late.
7. I don’t know how _______(operate) the car.
8. They spent one hour _______ (do)their homework.
9. We are looking forward to _______(meet) you.
10. It’s not easy for us ______ (learn) English.
句式精讲
1.Will we have nothing to do？
nothing to do是不定式作定语，动词不定式作定语须放在被它修饰的名词或代词之后。被修饰的名词或代词往往是不定式的逻辑宾语。例如：
I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多要做的工作。
Have you anything to send
你有什么东西要寄吗？
He has something to say to you. 　他有话对你讲。
【拓展】
（1）动词不定式作主语。不定式短语作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。 例如：
To talk with him is a great pleasure. 和他谈话很快乐。
It’s nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音太好了。
（2）动词不定式作表语。 例如：
Her wish is to become an artist. 　她的愿望是成为一名艺术家。
（3）动词不定式作宾语。常用于及物动词: want , hope, wish, like, need, hate, offer, prefer, begin, start, attempt, decide, refuse ,afford, manage等词后。例如：
I want to buy a bike. 我想买一自行车。
You should continue to learn as long as you live.
你应该活到老，学到老。
2....but it works at much faster speed than my old one.
...much faster...than是副词比较级句型，意为“比……快多了”。修饰形容词和副词比较级的词要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等，very不能和比较级连用。例如：
The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.
昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。
To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.
　　打篮球对于男孩子来说要有趣得多。
【拓展】
（1）形容词/副词比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词用主格或宾格均可。但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。例如：
　He is older than I / me. 他比我年龄大。
Tom found more red leaves than I did. 汤姆找到的红叶子比我多。
3.What were the first computer like？
What...be like...这个句式常用来询问人的性格特征，这里的be like意为“像……一样”，like是介词。例如：
—What is the old man like 那个老人怎么样？
—He is kind. 他很和蔼。
【拓展】
What does/do sb./sth. look like 这个句式常询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：
—What does the old man look like 那个老人长得怎么样？
—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。
4. The red one costs 2,500, and it’s made of leather.
be made of 意为“由……制成”。例如：
The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是由木头制成的。
【拓展】
短语 含义 用法
be made of 由……制成 强调制成品能看出原材料
be made from 强调制成品一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料
be made in 在（某地）制造 强调物品的产地
例如：
These bottles are made of glass. 这些瓶子是由玻璃制成的。
Wine is made from grapes. 红酒是葡萄酿的。
This car is made in Tianjin. 这辆车是在天津制造的。
5. ... work together to stop students from spending too much time....
stop somebody/something from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事发生”。
例如：The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
树和草可以阻止风把土吹走。
We must stop him from going to swim in the river.
我们必须阻止他去游泳。
【拓展】
动词stop的后面可以用动词不定式也可以用动名词作宾语。stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do表示“停下来开始做”的意思。例如：
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。
句式精练
I.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.面包是由小麦制成的。
The bread _______ _______ ______wheat.
2. 北京的天气怎么样？
_______is the weather________
3. 我觉得她想要回家。
It seems to me that she _______ _______ _______ _______back home.
4. 我想知道什么阻止了他来这。
I wonder what ________ _______ _______ _______here.
5. 你拥有的越多，想要的也就越多。
_______ ______ you have, ______ _______ you want.
6.她是三个女孩子最高的。
She is _______ _______ of the three girls. 　　
7.她是我们班最小的学生之一。
She is ________ ________ the youngest ________in my class.
8. 在太阳下读书对你的眼睛不好。
It’s _______ _______ your eyes to read in the sun.
9. 我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。
I have many hobbies ______ _______ reading, dancing and singing.
10. 今晚我有许多作业要做。
Tonight I will have lots of homework ________ _______
II. 阅读短文，根据首字母提示补全单词，使短文通顺完整。
Most American families are smaller than the families in o 1 countries. Most American families e 2 have one or two children.
C 3 in the US will leave their parents’ home when they grow up. They usually live far f 4 their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often w 5 to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on h 6 .
Parents usually let their children choose their o 7 jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves.
Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid (付钱)for d 8 some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use.
Do you often help y 9 parents do housework Do you want to live with your parents w 10 you grow up
【参考答案】
I. 根据首字母或汉语提示补全句子。
1.compare 2.ordered 3.operate 4.depend 5.type
6.controls 7.price 8. company 9. popular 10.sold
II.用括号中所给词的适当的形式填空。
1.bigger 2. more popular 3. more, less 4.cook/to cook
5.to come 6. will be 7.to operate 8.doing
9. meeting 10. to learn
【参考答案】
I.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. is made from 2.What, like 3.would like to go
4.stopped him from coming 5. The more，the more
6.the tallest 7. one of , students 8.bad for 9. such as 10. to do
II. 阅读短文，根据首字母提示补全单词，使短文通顺完整。
1. other 2. each 3. Children 4. from 5. write
6. holiday 7. own 8. doing 9. your 10. when
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