牛津深圳版八年级上册Module 2 Science and technology Unit 4巩固练习（含答案）

Unit 4 Inventions
综合能力演练
I. 单项选择。
1．We have a lovely room．It’s one of _______ in the hotel．
A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest
2．She is _______ her sister．Both of them can do it well．
A．as carefully as B．so carefully as C．as careful as D．so careful as
3．— What delicious bread!
— That’s right．It will taste _______ with butter．
A．bad B．well C．worse D．better
4． Let’s play table tennis ___________ Tuesday morning, shall we
A. on B. in C. to D. at
5．This CD-ROM is quite useful．It can help us learn English and geography _______．
A．at times B．at this time C．at the same time D．by the time
6．— We went there to be volunteers _______ visitors．
— Really You are so great．
A．because of B instead of C．such as D. even if
7．— Can the small plane fly _______ the sea
— I’m not sure．
A．across B．along C．through D．over
8．A report says that the world population will pass six billion(十亿) by the end of _______ century．
A．twentieth B．twenty C．the twentieth D．the twentyth
9．_______ do you guess will be the first 10 top students in English in your school next term
A．Who B．Whom C．Which D．What
10．I’d like to ___________ a book on computer technology from the library.
A. lend B. borrow C. use D. buy
11．— _______ do you help the old mail with the housework
— Once a week．
A．How soon B．How long C．How often D．How many
12．______ people in the world are sending and receiving e-mails every day．
A．Million of B．Many millions of
C．Several million of D．Several millions
13．Soft seats make us _______ than the hard ones．
A．feel more comfortable B feeling C．feel relaxed D．feeling comfortable
14．The seats in the middle of the cinema are _______ of all．
A．better B．good C．the best D．best
15．—You have a nice watch．
—Thank you．I _______ it since I got married．
A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought
[真题链接]
1. The castle stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the river.
A. to B. for C. off D. out
2. —David, could you tell me _________
—Every four years.
A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish
B. how often the World Cup takes place
C. how many teams take part in the World Cup
D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup
3. Water is the cheapest drink. And it is also ______.
A. healthier B. healthiest
C. the healthier D. the healthiest
II. 完形填空。
The computer was one of the most important inventions of the 20th century．The first computer was as large as a room．Now some computers are as 1 as television sets．Some computers can even be smaller than a book. About 20 years ago，the computer was a strange machine in China．Not many people 2 it and said yes to it．
Today much of that is 3 ．In 1984，when Deng Xiaoping 4 two pupils working on the computers in Shanghai，he said that computer lessons 5 start from children．So there was the first computer book for middle school students．Now in Shanghai 6 all middle schools have classrooms for computer courses(课程)．Some of the students now have their 7 computers at home．With the help of the Internet，they can send and 8 messages and e-mails．They can learn about the world more quickly．
Now people are 9 using computers in banks，factories，airports and so on．The computer is coming into everyone’s life，so it is important to learn 10 to use a computer freely．
1．A．huge B．small C．great D．little
2．A．understand B．understood C．learn D．learnt
3．A．changing B．moving C．turning D．happening
4．A．looked B．heard C．found D．watched
5．A．can B．may C．would D．should
6．A．most B．almost C．only D．no
7．A．new B．old C．own D．simple
8．A．receive B．give C．do D．make
9．A．recently B．widely C．slowly D．carefully
10．A．when B．where C．how D．why
III. 阅读理解。
A
Man invented a lot of sports equipment．The first true piece was the ball．Thousands of years ago，in Egypt，the children’s favorite game was throwing stones．But a badly thrown stone could hurt a child．Looking for something less dangerous to throw，the people in Egypt made the first balls．
At first，they used tree leaves to make balls．They used vines(藤) to keep the leaves together．Later they began to use pieces of animals’ skin and filled them with some light things．These balls were much better than the old ones．
Before long they invented a lot of ball games，and each had its own rules．They began to play these ball games according to the rules．They thought that ball playing was one of the best ways to help the young men to be brave and strong．
1．The Egyptians invented _______ very long ago．
A．many different games with balls
B．throwing stones
C．dangerous games
D．many different kinds of games
2．At first，the children liked _______ best．
A．playing balls B．throwing stones C．swimming D．running
3．_______，so the Egyptians invented balls instead．
A．Throwing stones was a popular game for children
B．Stones were too heavy to throw
C．Stones might hurt children
D．They hadn’t so many stones
4．The Egyptians made the first balls with _______．
A．animals’ skin B．something light C．leaves and vines D．paper
5．Ball playing _______．
A．could be the best way to study well
B．could be more interesting
C．would teach the young men how to play games
D．would make the young people brave and strong
B
George Stephenson(1781～1848)，a famous British inventor，made the first train in 1825，using a steam engine． When he was experimenting on the train，he met with troubles from the government, the newspapers and the gentlemen in the country．They said that the noise and the smoke would kill cows，horses and sheep，that the engine would burst or that the hot coals from it would set fire to their houses．People believed what they said．
George Stephenson told the people that the train could go on small rails，could pull carriages full of goods and passengers and that there was no great harm to them．It was a very difficult matter for him to make them believe．
However，after some time he was able to do it and the first train that was driven by George Stephenson himself proved what he had said．On the train，there was a new steam engine．It was invented by him and was proved a complete success．
The first day when the train ran on the rails，people along the way heard the noise of the train in the distance， and saw it running quickly to them．They thought it was a genie(妖怪)．They ran quickly home for fear and closed their doors tightly．They did not dare to come out until it had passed．A week later an old woman even said that her hen had been so frightened that it hadn’t laid any eggs for three days．
6．During the experiment with the engine on the train，the troubles that George Stephenson faced came from _______．Which is NOT true
A．the government B．the newspapers C．the gentlemen D．the family
7．People believed _______．
A．the train could go on small rails
B．the train could pull carriages full of goods and passengers
C．the noise and the smoke from the train would kill cows, horses and sheep
D．the train did no great harm to them
8．The first day when the train ran on the rails，people along the way were ______．
A．interested in the invention
B．greatly frightened
C．running quickly to it
D．proud of the invention
9．People ran quickly back home because they thought________
A．a genie was coming to them
B．the train would burst
C．the train would set fire to their houses
D．the train would kill them
10．This passage tells us something about ________．
A．how to invent the train
B．the life of George Stephenson
C．the troubles George Stephenson faced in his invention
D．the use of the engine on the train
C
A 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight(手电筒) getting power from the holder's body heat is going home today from California with a big prize and a chance to do further research.
Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google’s international science competition. Thousands of young scientists from around the world took part in the competition.
Winning the science and technology competition was “a surprise”. Ann said, “I think it will have a great influence on my future.”
Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors(晶体管).
Ann’s prize includes $ 25,000 and a “once in a-lifetime experience” from Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving parts or batteries.
The idea for the invention came from seeing unwanted batteries and her friend’s experience. When Ann visited a friend in the Philippines, she saw the friend couldn’t study when it became dark because there was no electricity or light. She saw the need for a flashlight that has no batteries—Hollow Flashlight.
In her project, Ann wrote “I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5℃ temperature difference between the holder’s body and the environment around to produce light.”
A video of Ann explaining how she created the flashlight has been watched more than 1.4 million times on the Internet.
Though Ann was successful, she has not made a decision about her career path. Ann hope that she can find a way to join her love of film and science together.
The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries.
11. In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage
A. Travel. B. Culture. C. Technology. D. Advertisement.
12. The first paragraph is written to be a(n) ________.
A. introduction B. warning C. argument D. discussion
13. Paragraph 6 mainly tells us ________.
A. what Ann saw in the Philippines B. why Ann invented Hollow Flashlight
C. how Ann’s family encouraged her interest D. what prize Ann got for Hollow Flashlight
14. According to the passage, we learn ________.
A. easy to win the international science competition
B. Hollow Flashlight is safe, noiseless and can save energy
C. Ann has made a decision to be a scientist in the future
D. few people are interested in how Ann created the flashlight
【答案与解析】
I. 单项选择。
1．D。 “one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，本题省略了名词复数rooms。
2．C。句子谓语是连系动词is，故as...as中间为形容词原级，而carefully“认真地”是副词，故排除A、B两项；只有在否定句中才用so...as，而原句为肯定句，故只能选C。
3．D。由上句可推知下句为“有黄油的面包尝起来会更好吃”，故用比较级形式better。
4．A。on Tuesday morning意为“在周二上午”，在某一天的上午、下午、晚上用介词on。
5．C。由“这个CD-ROM相当有用”可推知“它可以帮助我们同时学英语和地理”，而at times“有时”；at this time“在这时”；at the same time“同时”；by the time“到……时候”。故只能选C。
6．B。because of“因为，由于”；instead of“代替，而不是”；such as“例如”；even if“即使”。由后句“真的吗 你们太棒了”可推知上句为：我们去那儿是做志愿者而不是参观者。故选B。
7．D。 through“穿过”，指从内部空间穿过；across“穿过”，指从表面经过；along“沿着”；over指从空中越过。由问句句意“那架小飞机能飞过海洋吗 ”可知应选D。
8．C。表示“第几世纪”可用“the+序数词+century”。
9．A。 此句中do you guess为插入语，空白处所填词为句子的主语，指人，应用who。
10．B。borrow sth. from…意为“从某处借……”。
11．C。由答语once a week.(一周一次)可知，问句应问的是频率。
12．B。million前面有表示不确定数目的词many，several，some等时，应用millions of表示无数的，意为“数以百万计的”。
13．A。make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，因句中有than，故用比较级more comfortable。
14．C。由题干中的of all和题意可判断此处应为最高级。
15．C。结合since I got married可知要用现在完成时，又因为这里指一段时间，应用延续性动词。
[真题链接]
1. C。句意：这座城堡坐落在这条河远端离主干道不远的一个幽静之地。本题考查介词词义辨析。to向，到，往；for为了；off离，距；out(从……里面)出去。根据题意选C项。
2. B。句意：——David，你能告诉我世界杯多久举办一次吗？——每四年。根据Every four years.可知，此处问“多久一次”，应用how often提问，故选B项。
3. D。句意：水是最便宜的饮料。而且它也是最健康的。本题考查形容词最高级。前句用到了形容词的最高级结构，由后句中的also可知，后句也用形容词的最高级结构。形容词最高级前的冠词the不可省去。故答案为D项。
II. 完形填空。
1．B。由上句The first computer was as large as a room．可知由于电脑更新快，只能变得更小。故选B。
2．B。由About 20 years ago和本句中的said可知应用一般过去时，understand的过去式为understood。句意：没有很多人了解／懂它。故选B。
3．A。由过去不认识到现在逐步认识，应该是“一些事情在改变”。故选A。
4．D。由句意：“邓小平在上海看两个小学生在操作电脑”知选D。
5．D。can“能，会”；may“可以”；would“会”；should“应该”。由于he said后宾语从句也用过去时态，故排除A、B两项，由句意“……他说电脑课程应从孩子开始”知选D。
6．B。句意：现在在上海几乎所有的中学都有微机教室。
7．C。new“新的”；old“旧的”；own“自己的”；simple“简单的”。由句意“一些学生现在在家里有自己的电脑”知选C。
8．A。send“发送”，与之相对的是receive“接收”，故应选A。
9．B。recently“最近”；widely“广泛地”；slowly“慢地”；carefully“认真地”。由下文电脑用于银行、工厂、飞机场等可推知“人们正在广泛地使用电脑”。故应选B。
10．C。how to use a computer“怎样使用电脑”。
III. 阅读理解。
A
1．A。由第四段的“Before long they invented a lot of ball games”可知。
2．B。由第二段第一句可知，数千年前，在埃及，孩子们最喜欢的游戏是扔石子。
3．C。由第二段第二、三句可知答案。
4．C。由第三段第一、二句可知。
5．D。由文章最后一句“They thought that ball playing was one of the best ways to help the young men to
be brave and strong．”可知
B
6. D。根据“…he met with troubles from the government，the newspapers and the gentlemen in the country．”可知答案。
7. C。根据“They said that the noise and the smoke would kill cows，horses and sheep…”可知答案。
8. B。根据“They ran quickly home for fear…”可知他们很害怕。
9. A。根据“They thought it was a genie(妖怪)．”可知答案。
10. C。根据文章中提到的George Stephenson在发明火车时面临的来自各方的压力，及人们以为火车是妖怪等，可推断出答案。
C
11. C。推理判断题。本文主要讲的是一位学生的科学发明，由此可推断可以在报纸的科技部分读到这篇文章，故选C项。
12. A。推理判断题。根据第一段可知，此部分是一个引言，故选A项。
13. B。主旨大意题。根据第六段内容可知，本段主要写发明空心手电筒的原因，故选B项。
14. B。推理判断题。根据第七段Ann对此发明的表述可知，空心手电筒是安全的、没有噪音的，还能节约能源。故选B项。