山东省烟台市2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：语法填空（含答案）

山东省烟台市
2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
语法填空
山东省烟台市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s Space Day, ____56____ falls on April 24, indicates numerous opportunities ahead for the world in the country’s peaceful development of its fast ____57____ (grow) space programs.
Three Chinese astronauts ____58____ (return) to Earth on April 16 after 183 days aboard the new Chinese space station, a new national record for duration. The authorities announced a series of new ____59____ (launch) ahead. These included two more three member teams being sent to the space station within the year, one of which, as we know, has been achieved so far.
China’s outreach to other parts of the world was partly exhibited by Wang Yaping, the first Chinese woman ____60____ (perform) a spacewalk. Her recent discussion with American students livened up the goodwill of China to use its space programs for ____61____ common good.
Looking back at the period from November 2020 to November 2021, it can be seen that China did emerge ____62____ a serious space power worthy of the name. This was ____63____ (large) due to four major achievements over that yearlong period, including missions to the moon and Mars, the establishment of a key satellite telecommunications constellation (星座), and the launch of a new space station.
Any of these achievements would be ____64____ (significance) in its own right. _____65_____ (take) together over a mere 12-month period, they represent a momentous leap (飞跃) for human progress in space.
山东省烟台市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
___36___(lie) under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks, all of ___37___ indicate human attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's furthest corners. While there is little land on our planet left unexplored, the vast sea bed almost ___38___(remain) unknown.
Considering our limited knowledge, it's not surprising that exploration of the oceans constantly brings about discoveries in various ___39___(science) fields.
First, many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters, including whole cities ___40___(bury) underwater. The ruins offer precious information about the past. However, the challenges of pressure, darkness and intense cold at vast depths make ___41___ difficult to discover more of the past.
Amazing biological discoveries are also being made, like the barreleye living 6,000 meters below the ocean's surface. Such discoveries enable us ___42___(have) a better knowledge of the capacity for life even in extreme circumstances.
Additionally, so far more new natural resources such as fire ice ___43___(find) in oceans. Besides, the research conducted by China's underwater vessels helps scientists identify areas for deep-sea drilling and better understand how the sea bed was formed.
Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery. Oceans will be as familiar ___44___ us as the land where we live through all-round international ____45____(cooperate).
山东省烟台市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On March 28, 2020, millions of people around the world turned their lights off for “Earth Hour”, ___36___ event meant to remind people of the importance of climate action. Because of the coronavirus(冠状病毒), this year’s event ___37___ (mark) online.
Initially launched as a way of making people aware of climate change in Sydney in 2007, Earth Hour ___38___ (grow) to engage more than 7000 cities and towns worldwide ever since. It is held once a year. People switch their non-essential lights off for an hour ___39___ 8:30 and 9:30 at night. There have been many public activities in ___40___ (celebrate) of Earth Hour around the world. This year, public gatherings aren’t allowed in most places. So instead, organizers encouraged people to take part digitally.
In Singapore that meant special on-line performances. Australia held a similar live-stream of performances by bands, comics, and others. In other places, people were encouraged to upload videos or photos ___41___ can highlight how important it is to protect the environment.
With the climate ___42___ (get) worse focusing attention on climate action is seen by many as more important than ever. Scientists ___43___ (strong) suggest taking effective action before 2030 ___44___ (avoid) the worst effects of the climate emergency. Though most countries usually use a bit ____45____ (little) energy during Earth Hour, the main idea is to remind people to take action on climate change outside of Earth Hour.
答案：
山东省烟台市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】56. which
57. growing
58. returned
59. launches
60. to perform
61. the 62. as
63. largely
64. significant
65. Taken
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在太空探索方面取得的成就和意义。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：4月24日是中国的太空日，这表明中国和平发展其快速增长的太空项目将为世界带来无数机遇。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“China’s Space Day”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：4月24日是中国的太空日，这表明中国和平发展其快速增长的太空项目将为世界带来无数机遇。分析句子可知，space programs为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“grow”意为“增加”，动词词性，“growing”意为“增长的，增加的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填growing。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：4月16日，三名中国宇航员在新的中国空间站上飞行183天后返回地球，这是一项新的持续时间的国家记录。根据句意和句中“on April 16”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“return”意为“返回”，动词词性，过去式为returned。故填returned。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：权威部门宣布了一系列新的发射计划。分析句子可知，launch意为“（航天器的）发射”，为可数名词，“a series of…”意为“一系列……”，后接可数名词复数，launch的复数形式为launches。故填launches。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国与世界其他地方的联系部分由王亚平展示，她是第一位执行太空行走的中国女性。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“was exhibited”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“woman”前有“the first”修饰，故应用不定式作后置定语，“perform”意为“执行”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to perform”。故填to perform。
【61题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她最近与美国学生的讨论激发了对中国利用其太空计划造福大众的善意的讨论。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“the common good”，意为“共同利益，大众利益”，“common”前应用定冠词“the”修饰。故填the。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：回顾2020年11月至2021年11月这段时间，可以看出，中国确实成为了一个名副其实的太空大国。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“emerge as…”，意为“一跃成为……”，空格处应用介词“as”。故填as。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：这在很大程度上是由于这一年来取得了四项重大成就，包括月球和火星任务、建立了一个关键的卫星通信星座（北斗）和发射了一个新的空间站。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“large”为形容词，对应的副词为“largely”，意为“在很大程度上”。故填largely。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：任何这些成就本身都具有重大意义。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作表语，“significance”为名词，对应的形容词为“significant”，意为“有重大意义的”。故填significant。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在仅仅12个月的时间里，它们代表了人类在太空进程的一个重大飞跃。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“represent”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句子主语“they”代指上文的“achievements”，与“take”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“take”的过去分词“taken”作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Taken。
山东省烟台市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】36. Lying
37. which 38. remains
39. scientific
40. buried 41. it
42. to have
43. have been found
44. to 45. cooperation
山东省烟台市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】36. an 37. was marked
38. has grown
39. between
40. celebration
41. that/which
42. getting
43. strongly
44. to avoid
45. less
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了“地球时间”这一重大事件，其主旨是为了号召人们关注天气，采取行动。文章还列举了许多国际的庆祝活动。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。分析句子可知，___1___ event meant to remind people of the importance of climate action作同位语，解释说明“Earth Hour”，泛指”一件提醒人们关于气候行动的重要性的大事” ，event以元音因素开头，故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：因为冠状病毒，今年的活动在网上庆祝。根据上文提到的On March 28, 2020可知，发生在过去的时间用一般过去时，mark与主语event是被动关系，且主语是单数，故填was marked。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自那以来，“地球时间”已经发展到全球7000多个城镇参加。主语是第三人称单数，由时间状语ever since可知，用现在完成时，故填has grown。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：人们关闭他们不必要的灯一小时，在8点半到9点半之间。between…and…“在……和……之间”，是固定短语，故填between。
【40题详解】
考查名词。in+名词+of是固定短语，in是介词，接名词作宾语，in celebration of为了庆祝，故填celebration。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，___6___ can highlight how important it is to protect the environment.是定语从句，先行词是videos and photos，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，引导限制性定语从句用that或者which，故填that/which。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着气候变得更糟糕，关注气候行动被许多人认为比以往任何时候都更重要。with+宾语+宾语补足语是固定用法，get作宾语补足语与宾语the climate是主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词，故填getting。
【43题详解】
考查副词。修饰动词suggest，用副词作状语，故填strongly。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。分析句子可知，_9___ (avoid) the worst effects of the climate emergency 作目的状语，用不定式，故填to avoid。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意：尽管大部分国家在“地球时间”通常仅仅使用较少一点的能源，但是其主要思想是提醒人们在地球时间之外对气候变化采取行动。此处表示与平时相比，“地球时间”大部分国家仅仅是少使用一点能源，表示比较，little的比较级用less。故填less