河南省部分地区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编：七选五（含答案）

河南省部分地区
2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五
河南省平顶山市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末调研英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As winter comes to an end, gardeners in northern parts of the world look for signs of life. ___16___ By planning, people can grow plants that keep their gardens interesting lo look at even during cold periods. Here are some suggestions for planning an interesting winter garden
First, create a wall in the back of the garden with plants that keep leaves throughout the year. That way, when some plants lose their leaves, the garden will still have structure that provides privacy and interest for the eye.
Next, consider how the garden looks. ___17___ But the people who see it the most are the gardener and those who live in the house. Gardeners should consider where they spend most of their time. Do they spend a lot of time looking at one part of the garden They should study how the garden looks from indoors.
When choosing plants, consider how all parts of the plant, from the fruit to the bark, will improve the garden’s appearance. Some plants that are interesting to see in the winter do not look very good during the summer. The red twig dogwood will leave a bright red leafless bush in the winter. ___18___ It leaves small bright purple fruits, or berries, which hang on all winter—or until the birds cat them.
___19___ Wildlife is also a significant aspect that should be considered. A bird feeder that can be seen from inside the home can have a calming effect on everyone. Place it outside the children’s bedroom windows and the children will enjoy its calming effects without even knowing it. ___20___ They may provide a shelter for wildlife and insects over the winter and their seeds provide food for hungry birds.
A. Trees with beautiful bark can draw people in.
B. Some grasses can be left standing until spring.
C. It matters how others see the garden from the street.
D. They are also a beautiful sight for the borders of gardens.
E. Plants are not the only interesting thing in the winter garden.
F. Another bush that is beautiful in the winter is the American beautyberry.
G. They look for plants that are growing from roots that were planted in autumn.
河南省许昌市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Here are some tips to help get your children on the path to good sportsmanship.
There are a number of parents that allow their children to win at games. Although parents’ hearts are in the right place this only gives children false hope. ____16____. Imagine the embarrassment children will endure when they go to school thinking they are the best chess player in the world because they beat their parents and then get beaten by other classmates. Always teach your children the basic concept of games and allow them to learn by getting beaten; the more times they lose the better they will learn the game.
Exhibit good sportsmanship while watching sport on TV or at a sports outing. ____17____. This will teach your children that although you are a fan of one team you still respect the other team’s players.
____18____ But you should also be sure to correct improper behavior. Having the privilege of playing sports comes with a responsibility to play fair and just have fun. Encourage your children and all the other players to keep the competition fun and fair for everyone.
____19____. If you were a team quarterback throughout your school career don’t expect your children to have the same talent or the same enthusiasm for the sport. If they do, that’s great, but never push them into something you want to do. ____20____.
A. It is also important to accept your children’s ability
B. You can always give them ideas while they are playing
C. Listen to their wishes before pushing yours onto your children
D. There are some parents who always exhibit good sportsmanship
E. When your children exhibit good sportsmanship, praise them for that
F. This makes them believe they can beat almost anyone at the games they play
G. You can do this by cheering for your team, but making positive comments about the other team
河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
During winter, when it is cold and freezing outside, all we want to do is stay wrapped up in our blankets and remain in bed. 36 During times like these, one might envy animals like bears, who doze through the coldest season and wake up fresh in the spring. But how do they go without food for such a long time
37 Because of terrible weather and shortages of food, certain animals hibernate(冬眠) to save energy and survive. Hibernation involves a significant slowdown of the metabolism(新陈代谢) and a drop in body temperature. Reducing their metabolism allows these animals to conserve energy during those long cold months.
To understand the need for hibernation, we first must understand the difference between endothermic and ectothermic organisms. Ectotherms are those animals whose body temperatures depend on the surrounding temperature. 38 Usually, they have a body temperature that changes with the temperature of their environment. They depend on things like sunlight or the surface of heated rocks to warm up. 39 They are also known as “cold-blooded” animals, which include fish, amphibians,and reptiles.
On the contrary, endotherms can regulate their own body temperature by generating internal heat. They are capable of maintaining their physiological body temperature in a stable range, regardless of the changes in the environment. Endotherms adjust their metabolic heat production and insulation to stay warm, whereas during hot weather, they sweat to cool down. Endotherms are capable of maintaining a steady temperature as compared to their changing surroundings. They are called “warm-blooded” animals, and include mammals and birds. 40
A. Conversely, they seek shade to cool down.
B. A cup of noodles or hot chocolate also helps.
C. Most animals usually try to gain as much weight as they can before they hibernate.
D. Hibernation is an energy-saving adaptation to protect against unpleasant conditions.
E. Thus, many animals hibernate to save energy and survive these bad winter conditions.
F. Metabolism is the process through which our body changes the food we eat into energy.
G. This means that they depend on their external environment to regulate their body temperature.
河南省新乡市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have the feeling that your refrigerator is always in a mess There is hope. Do what the chefs in restaurant kitchens do. 36 It helps the cooks work faster and it reduces the amount of wasted food. Here is how you can keep your contents in the refrigerators in order.
Step one is to take everything out of your refrigerator. Everything. That includes the moldy meat sauce and jars with half-eaten contents. 37
Now you are ready to refill the refrigerator. Do not treat it like a junk drawer for food. 38 Your fridge may come with some zones that are set aside, such as crisper drawers and cheese drawers. Restaurants keep smaller containers together on rimmed baking sheets. The sheets are easy to pull out and it is easy to look at their contents.
You should know about food safety. It can help you decide what should go where in your refrigerator. Refrigerators are coldest toward their back and bottom. They are warmer on the top shelf. They are warmest in the door. The door is great for condiments（酱料）with a long shelf life such as jam, mustard, and hot sauce. 39 Raw meat should always go at the bottom of the refrigerator.
40 One rule is FIFO. It means "first in, first out". New leftover food should always go to the back of the refrigerator, pushing older food to the front of the line. It means older food will get used up first.
A. They are easy to tidy up.
B. Leftovers are a problem.
C. Don't buy too much food.
D. If you do not love them, throw them out.
E. They follow rules to keep storage areas tidy.
F. Create different spaces for different types of food.
G. Don't store milk in the door unless you'll drink it fast.
河南省安阳市滑县2021-2022学年高二下学期期末测评英语试题
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. 36 Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity
An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work. 37
Patience
Becoming a scientist takes a long time. 38 Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant— gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. 39 Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.
Working habits
40 He/ She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed and also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
A. To make discoveries, you have to think differently.
B. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.
C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion.
E. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory
F. An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind.
G. Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process.
答案：
河南省平顶山市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末调研英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何规划一个有趣的冬季花园。
【16题详解】
根据上文“As winter comes to an end, gardeners in northern parts of the world look for signs of life.(随着冬天的结束，世界北部地区的园丁们开始寻找生命的迹象。)”可知，这里的园丁们在冬天结束的时候开始寻找生命的迹象。而空后“By planning, people can grow plants that keep their gardens interesting lo look at even during cold periods.(通过计划，人们可以种植植物，使他们的花园即使在寒冷的时期也能看起来有趣。)”可知，人们可以通过自己的计划，使花园在冬天也可以很有趣。由此可推断，空处指的是在冬季之前该如何做。选项G“They look for plants that are growing from roots that were planted in autumn.(他们寻找那些在秋天种植的植物。)”中的“they”正是上文提到的“gardeners”。同时也是延续了上文的内容，并引出下文。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“But the people who see it the most are the gardener and those who live in the house.(但是看到它最多的是园丁和那些住在房子里的人。)”可知，空处应该和看到花园的人相关。选项C“It matters how others see the garden from the street.(别人从街上怎么看花园很重要。)”与下文一致。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“It leaves small bright purple fruits, or berries, which hang on all winter—or until the birds cat them.(它留下亮紫色的小果实，或浆果，挂在整个冬天，或直到鸟儿猫它们。)”可知，空处要提到一种植物，这种植物会留下亮紫色的小果实。选项F“Another bush that is beautiful in the winter is the American beautyberry.(另一种在冬天很漂亮的灌木是美国美莓。)”中的美国蓝莓与下文的it一致。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Wildlife is also a significant aspect that should be considered.(野生动物也是应该考虑的一个重要方面。)”可知，在规划冬季花园的时候需要考虑野生动物。选项E“Plants are not the only interesting thing in the winter garden. (植物不是冬季花园中唯一有趣的东西。)”与下文一致。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下文的“They may provide a shelter for wildlife and insects over the winter and their seeds provide food for hungry birds.(它们可以在冬天为野生动物和昆虫提供一个庇护所，它们的种子为饥饿的鸟类提供食物。)”中的“they”为再次出现，因此可知，空处需要提到“they”所指代的内容，并且这样东西可以为野生动物提供庇护所，种子还可以做鸟的食物。选项B“Some grasses can be left standing until spring.(有些草可以留到春天。)”中的grasses即下文中的they，同时草可以为小昆虫提供庇护所，草种也可以做鸟的食物。故选B。
河南省许昌市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了帮助孩子走上良好的体育精神之路的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“There are a number of parents that allow their children to win at games. Although parents’ hearts are in the right place this only gives children false hope.(有很多父母允许他们的孩子在游戏中获胜。虽然父母的心是好的，但这只会给孩子虚假的希望)”以及后文“Imagine the embarrassment children will endure when they go to school thinking they are the best chess player in the world because they beat their parents and then get beaten by other classmates.(想象一下，当孩子们在学校里认为自己是世界上最好的玩家，因为他们打败了父母，然后又被其他同学打败时，他们将会忍受什么样的尴尬)”可知，本句承接上文说明父母给孩子的虚假希望是什么：让他们相信他们可以在他们玩的游戏中打败几乎任何人。故F选项“这让他们相信他们可以在他们玩的游戏中打败几乎任何人”符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Exhibit good sportsmanship while watching sport on TV or at a sports outing.(在看电视或郊游时表现出良好的体育精神)”以及后文“This will teach your children that although you are a fan of one team you still respect the other team’s players.(这将教会你的孩子，尽管你是一个球队的球迷，你仍然尊重另一个球队的球员)”可知，本句是在说明尊重另一个球队的具体表现：就是对另一支球队做出积极的评价。故G选项“你可以为自己的球队加油，但同时对另一支球队做出积极的评价”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文“But you should also be sure to correct improper behavior. Having the privilege of playing sports comes with a responsibility to play fair and just have fun. Encourage your children and all the other players to keep the competition fun and fair for everyone.(但你也应该确保纠正不当的行为。 有参加体育运动的特权，就有责任公平比赛，享受乐趣。 鼓励你的孩子和所有其他球员保持比赛的乐趣和公平的每个人)”可知，本句与后文构成转折关系，指出孩子好的方面。故E选项“当你的孩子表现出良好的体育精神时，表扬他们”符合语境。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文“If you were a team quarterback throughout your school career don’t expect your children to have the same talent or the same enthusiasm for the sport. If they do, that’s great, but never push them into something you want to do.(如果你在学校期间是球队的四分卫，不要期望你的孩子对这项运动有同样的天赋或同样的热情。如果他们也是这样，那很好，但不要强迫他们做你想做的事情)”可知，后文提到不要期望你的孩子对这项运动有同样的天赋或同样的热情，即接受孩子自身的能力。故A选项“接受孩子的能力也很重要”符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you were a team quarterback throughout your school career don’t expect your children to have the same talent or the same enthusiasm for the sport. If they do, that’s great, but never push them into something you want to do.(如果你在学校期间是球队的四分卫，不要期望你的孩子对这项运动有同样的天赋或同样的热情。如果他们也是这样，那很好，但不要强迫他们做你想做的事情)”可知，上文提到不要强迫孩子做你想做的事情，即不要自己的愿望强加给孩子。故C选项“把自己的愿望强加给孩子之前，先听听他们的愿望”符合语境。故选C。
河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物冬眠的概念以及具体的原因。
36．B 上一句在说“在冬天，当外面很冷的时候，我们想做的就是裹着毯子躺在床上”，B项“一杯面条或热巧克力也有帮助”对上一句补充说明，说明冬季特别冷的时候人类可以做的事，符合语境。故选B。
37．D 根据此段关键句“Hibernation involves a significant slowdown of the metabolism（新陈代谢） and a drop in body temperature.”可知，此段主要在讲什么是冬眠及其好处。D项在介绍冬眠的概念，符合语境。故选D。
38．G 上句在说“变温动物是指体温取决于环境温度的动物”下一句在说“通常，它们的体温会随着环境温度的变化而变化”，G项“这意味着它们依靠外部环境来调节体温”承上启下，同时G项中的“body temperature”与上句中的“body temperatures”呼应。故选G。
39．A 上文在说“通常，它们的体温会随着环境温度的变化而变化。它们依靠阳光或加热的岩石表面来升温”，A项“相反，它们寻找阴凉的地方降温”与上一句构成转折关系。故选A。
40．E 此处位于句末以及文章最后一句，起总结作用，E项“因此，许多动物冬眠是为了节省能量并在恶劣的冬季条件下生存”对全文进行总结。故选E。
河南省新乡市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
36~40 EDFGB
河南省安阳市滑县2021-2022学年高二下学期期末测评英语试题
【主题语境】人与社会——科学家的品质
【中心思想】成功绝非偶然，一定是一些特别的品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。学习本文，让我们一起来欣赏这些成功科学家们的性格特点吧。
36.C 空前指出：词典把科学家定义为对一门或多门科学有专业知识的人，尤其是自然科学或物理科学。由此可知，此处讲的是对科学家这一名词的理解，C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人”正好符合此语境。故选C
37.G 根据这一段的小标题“Curiosity”可知，科学家要具备的一个特征就是有好奇心，G项中的“to ask questions or even wonder”与之符合。故选G。
38.B 由小标题“Patience”以及前文提到成为科学家需要很长一段时间可知，此处表示几乎没有其他工作比这个工作更需要时间。B项与之符合。
39.D 空后提到如果没有强有力的证据，科学家的信念不能改变。这显示科学家要诚实，坚持真理，故D项符合语境。
40.F 根据小标题“Working habits”可知，下面一段主要谈到工作习惯。空后提到他们自己一个人或者在团队中都可以工作得很好和他们需要以书面和口头形式把他们的想法表达出来。这些都是工作习惯。比较选项可知，F项也是一种工作习惯和方式，符合题意。故选F。