湖南省岳阳市2019-2022三年高二下学期期末英语试题汇编：七选五专题（含答案）

湖南省岳阳市2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
七选五专题
湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Active listening is a way of communicating that can increase understanding between a speaker and a listener. Its goal is to have an open sharing of ideas and feelings. It shows respect and consideration for the person speaking.
Active listening is very useful for family members. Family members often develop bad listening habits. They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said.____16____
____17____Miscommunication or lack of understanding between co-workers can lead to hurt feelings, which in turn can make it difficult for people to work together. Active listening can solve such issues and create greater understanding and team spirit among co-workers.
For example, someone is unexpectedly rude to their co-worker, or seems inconsiderate of their needs. The co-worker might feel hurt, or they might become angry and begin to dislike that person. Active listening can help resolve such problems.____18____Meanwhile the co-worker is given a chance to explain and maybe even apologize.
It could be that the rude co-worker was going through a difficult time at home or on the job and was unaware of how bad his or her behavior was. By listening respectfully, another person might learn more about that co-worker’s situation. ____19____In this way, situations that could turn into major conflicts instead lead to greater understanding.
Sometimes people do not communicate with those they are close to because they fear the other person’s reaction. Rather than saying, for example, “It really hurts my feelings when you behave like that way”, the partner might say nothing at all in order to avoid a fight. ____20____ If the partners actively listen to each other, though, they can fully explain how they feel, and this can help avoid any hurt feelings.
A Active listening can also be useful in the workplace.
B. Active listening provides a way to break this pattern.
C. However, the hurt feelings remain and can build up over time.
D. So the family can be expected to be harmonious.
E. You can be sure that co-worker’s problems must all be solved.
F. It allows a person to say how they feel about their co worker’s behavior.
G. And he also gains that co-worker’s appreciation for their willingness to listen.
湖南省岳阳市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最隹选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Too much salt — and not enough whole grains, fruits and vegetables-may be shaving years off our lives, a new analysis suggests.
In a study published Wednesday in the Lancet, researchers looked at peopled eating habits across 195 countries to estimate how much poor diets contribute to the number of deaths. 36 That 11 million people die each year around the world due, at least in part, to certain foods or lack of them, according to the study.
Lead author Ashkan Afshin, an epidemiologist（流行病 学家）at the University of Washington, said the researchers estimated 37 , including cigarette smoking, known to be one of the greatest threats to public health.
The problem, he said, is not only what people are eating; 38 The study estimated that globally, 3 million deaths were attributed to（归因于）too much salt-but another 3 million deaths were attributed to too little whole grains and another 2 million deaths to too little fruit. 39 —a balanced diet is important for a long, healthy life.
40 Nestle, a professor at New York University^ suggested that it makes sense that dietary risks are higher because everyone eats—but not everyone smokes. So. she said that "diet is a risk factor for everybody ”
A. Why did they do that
B. What are their findings
C. but it's also what they're not eating
D. that some bad habits lead to more health problems
E. Experts say it confirms what health professionals have been teaching for years
F. But is a poor diet really responsible for more deaths than even cigarette smoking
G. that poor diets arc responsible for more deaths around the world than any other risk factor
湖南省岳阳市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)5lotigs
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to improve your mental health in 2020
Looking on the bright side of life really is beneficial. Optimists have a less chance of having a heart attack or stroke, a bigger chance of a healthy and long life. However, being an optimist doesn't mean you ignore the stress of daily life. ____11____. How to do that
Practice optimism
Faced with a challenge, optimists more often see it as temporary or even positive, allowing themselves to learn and grow. ___12___. Imagining yourself with all of your problems solved in a future may work.
____13____
Studies have shown putting the well-being of others before our own without expecting anything in return is useful. Even if you have little time to offer, just the act of giving has been shown to improve our health, possibly by temporarily reducing our sense of pain.
Be grateful
Being thankful protects us against anxiety and depression and boosts optimism. ___14___. Before going to bed, jot down any positive experience you had that day, however small.
Improve your social connections
Good relationships keep us happier and healthier. ____15____. Instead, it's the quality of the relationship that matters. High-conflict marriages, for example, without much affection, turn out to be bad for our health, perhaps worse than getting divorced, though it's not right to make light of divorce.
A. Start volunteering
B. Find your purpose
C. And you don't have to have scores of friends to get this benefit
D. One of the best ways to make it a part of your life is to keep a daily journal
E. It simply means when unpleasant things happen, don't blame yourself unnecessarily
F. People who are more socially connected to family, to friends, or to community, are happier
G. They also believe they have control over their fate and can create opportunities for good things to happen
参考答案
湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是积极倾听是一种交流方式，可以增进说话者和倾听者之间的理解，也表示对说话者的尊重和关心。
【16题详解】
根据本段第一句“Active listening is very useful for family members.(积极倾听对家庭成员非常有用。)”可知，积极倾听对家庭成员很有用；而下文“Family members often develop bad listening habits. They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said.(家庭成员经常养成不好的倾听习惯。他们对对方的反应是基于他们期望对方说什么，而不是根据对方实际说了什么。)”告诉我们目前的倾听习惯是不好的。所以空处应该是回到本段主题，也就是积极倾听对家庭之间交流有好处。选项B“Active listening provides a way to break this pattern.(积极倾听提供了一种打破这种模式的方法。)”符合段意，与上文一致。故选B。
【17题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“Miscommunication or lack of understanding between co-workers can lead to hurt feelings, which in turn can make it difficult for people to work together. Active listening can solve such issues and create greater understanding and team spirit among co-workers.(同事之间的沟通错误或缺乏理解会导致感情受伤，这反过来会使人们很难在一起工作。积极的倾听可以解决这些问题，并在同事之间建立更好的理解和团队精神。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是积极倾听在职场上的作用。选项A“Active listening can also be useful in the workplace.(在职场中，积极倾听也很有用。)”符合本段中心句。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“For example, someone is unexpectedly rude to their co-worker, or seems inconsiderate of their needs. The co-worker might feel hurt, or they might become angry and begin to dislike that person. Active listening can help resolve such problems.(例如，有人对他们的同事出乎意料地粗鲁，或似乎不考虑他们的需求。同事可能会感到受伤，或者他们可能会变得生气，开始不喜欢那个人。积极倾听有助于解决这些问题。)”可知，本段主要是举例说明积极倾听可以帮助解决和同事之间存在的问题。而空后“Meanwhile the co-worker is given a chance to explain and maybe even apologize.(与此同时，同事也得到了一个解释甚至道歉的机会。)”指的是同事得到机会解释或道歉。选项F“It allows a person to say how they feel about their co worker’s behavior.(它允许一个人说出他们对同事行为的感受。)” 说的是可以说出对同事行为的感受，接着引出同事的解释。所以选项F与上下文一致。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It could be that the rude co-worker was going through a difficult time at home or on the job and was unaware of how bad his or her behavior was. By listening respectfully, another person might learn more about that co-worker’s situation.(这可能是因为这位粗鲁的同事在家里或工作中遇到了困难，没有意识到他或她的行为有多糟糕。通过尊重地倾听，另一个人可能会更多地了解这位同事的情况。)”可知，此处讲述的是积极倾听带来的好处。选项G“And he also gains that co-worker’s appreciation for their willingness to listen.(他还因为对方愿意倾听而获得了对方的赞赏。)”是上文的延续，说明了积极倾听能够获得对方的赞赏。故选G。
【20题详解】
空前“Sometimes people do not communicate with those they are close to because they fear the other person’s reaction. Rather than saying, for example, “It really hurts my feelings when you behave like that way”, the partner might say nothing at all in order to avoid a fight.(有时人们不与他们亲近的人交流，因为他们害怕对方的反应。例如，对方可能不会说：“你那样做真的很伤我的感情”，而是为了避免争吵而什么都不说。)”讲述的是心里难受，却不愿说出来。空后“If the partners actively listen to each other, though, they can fully explain how they feel, and this can help avoid any hurt feelings. (如果伴侣积极地倾听对方，他们可以充分地解释他们的感受，这可以帮助避免任何伤害的感觉。)”则讲述的是如果伴侣愿意倾听，就不会有受伤的感觉。选项C“However, the hurt feelings remain and can build up over time.(然而，受伤的感觉仍然存在，并会随着时间的推移而加深。)”承上说明受伤的感激会一直存在；同时引出下文说明倾听的好处。故选C。
湖南省岳阳市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
36-40 BGCEF
湖南省岳阳市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】11. E 12. G 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。讲述了改善精神健康的方法。
【11题详解】
前句讲乐观并不意味着忽视生活中的压力，simply means和doesn't mean呼应，所以E项“它只是意味着当令人不快的事发生时，不要不必要地责备自己”切题，故选E。
【12题详解】
前句讲面对挑战时，乐观的人更常常会将它视为临时的或者更乐观的话，他们会从中学习和成长，also表明这是乐观的人的另一种态度，所以G项“他们也相信他们能掌控命运，并为好事的发生创造机会”切题，故选G。
【13题详解】
该空位于小标题处，本段第一句讲研究表明把别人的幸福放在自身之前并不图回报很有用，可知本段是讲做为他人做贡献，A项“开始做志愿者”与之呼应，切题，故选A。
【14题详解】
后句讲在上床睡觉之前，写下这一天的任何积极的经历，即使很小，写日记与之对应，所以D项“把它变成生活中的一部分的最好方法之一是写日记”切题，故选D。
【15题详解】
前句讲好的关系让我们更开心和健康，后句讲关系的质量才是重要的，所以意思是要关注关系的质量而不是朋友的数量，instead表示前后句意相反，可知C项“你不必有很多的朋友来获得这个好处”与之呼应，切题，故选C。