湖南省岳阳市2019-2022三年高二下学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解专题（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 湖南省岳阳市2019-2022三年高二下学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解专题（含答案） |
|
|
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 85.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-29 00:00:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
湖南省岳阳市2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解专题
湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A study by the Institute for Employment Studies found that older learners reported higher life enjoyment and greater confidence. The following apps will help you to learn something new.
1. Quizlet
Whether you’re brushing up on a language, gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or getting to grips with your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine—for free.
Whether you are learning a skill yourself or helping your child or grandchild revise their school work, Quizlet is a great study platform for mastering any subject.
2. Babbel
As well as being a great skill to show off on holiday, learning a new language can have profound effects on the way you approach problem-solving and might even give you a leg-up in your career.
With classes designed to be 10-15 minutes long Babbel encourages learning in short, yet achievable, bursts. So this summer, whether you’re on the beach soaking up some sun, or simply relaxing at home, why not give language learning a try
3. Blinkist
Blinkist is the perfect app to assist you this summer, providing the key highlights from non-fiction books in both audio and text form.
Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management sill, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and transform them into easy to consume 15 minute digests.
4. Remente
Stress is something that most of us face on a daily basis—be it at work or at home—and continual worry and stress can be harmful to our health.
Today, there are tools that can help you, like the mental health app Remente. Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, stress or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality.
1. In which app can almost everything be learned
A. Quizlet. B. Babbel. C. Blinkist. D. Remente.
2. What can you find in Blinkist
A. Science fiction in audio forms. B. Short stories by famous authors.
C. The best part of a news article. D. A complete version of a best-seller.
3. If you’re stressed with your new business, you can choose ________
A. Babbel & Quizlet B. Remente & Quizlet C. Blinkist & Babbel D. Blinkist & Remente
B
Getting to Antarctica is not easy. The few who are lucky enough to visit this most mysterious continent do so by ships. To reach Antarctica, ships must pass through a notoriously violent area of ocean called the Drake Passage, considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet.
Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. My daughter Claire and I were as mentally prepared as we could be.
About two and a half days after entering the Drake Passage, the waters calmed. Soon, we noticed small black spots on nearby pieces of floating ice. Emperor penguins! Then, we began the two-mile hike over the ice to the penguin colony. Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal.
One day two adult emperors with their three chicks in-tow approached Claire, who was resting on the ice. They left the chicks with her, as if she were the babysitter. Twenty minutes later they returned to collect the chicks, And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. Every night aboard our safe and warm ship, we thought about what it takes to survive in Antarctica, an incredibly harsh place.
But each day on the ice, we also thought about the Drake passage, that monstrous body of water we had to endure to get where we were. Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea. We still talk about the penguins, as I’m sure we always will But we talk about the Drake too. Both experiences were unforgettable, and one would not have bee possible without the other.
4. What does the word notoriously mean in paragraph 1
A. Frequently traveled. B. Hard to locate. C. Recognized negatively. D. Aimlessly sailed.
5. Which of the flowing best describe the voyage in the Drake passage
A. Boring. B. Comfortable. C. Smooth. D. Difficult.
6. What does the author mostly focuses on penguins when describing them
A. Dependence on one another. B. Collecting their baby chicks in time.
C. Friendly and entertaining behavior. D. Ability to survive in their environment.
7. What did the author most likely gain from his experience
A. An increased respect for the power of nature.
B. An understanding of how animals survive in cold climates.
C. An awareness of the types of activities his daughter enjoys.
D. An interest in other journeys that involve physical challenges.
C
Black history museums and historic sites are thriving or growing forcefully across the South. They’re riding a wave of interest in African-American history that’s made a stunning success of the 2-year-old National Museum of African American History and Culture in the nation’s capital.
Attendance at some large museums is decreasing. Twelve of the 20 biggest U. S. museums saw flat or lower attendance from 2016 to 2017. In comparison, various activities involving black history stand out.
In Church Creek, Maryland, for example, a 1-year-old, 17-acre state-national park memorializes the place where Harriet Tubman was born and enslaved. Tubman escaped slavery and later helped many others escape, too. The park was expected to draw 75,000 visitors its first year. However, it attracted 100,000.
History professionals cite several factors for the phenomenon. The Black Lives Matter movement, conflicts over Confederate monuments, protests by NFL players and last year’s violence in Charlottesville, Virginia, also have made a difference. These activities have caused more Americans to consider how race affect them.
When the national museum opened “We thought that might have the impact of gaining the public spotlight. Just the opposite,” said Moore, president of Charleston, South Carolina’s International African American Museum. It has jump-started more presentations of black history. “There are art museums everywhere, and there are history museums everywhere. I see it as really healthy that there will be African-American museums everywhere.”
States also are spending money to promote civil rights tourism. 14 Southern state tourism agencies in January launched a website detailing stops on what they are calling the U.S. Civil Rights Trail. The South Carolina African American Heritage Commission last year created a “Green Book” mobile app. It includes 300 historic African-American sites in South Carolina.
“Cultural tourism, or heritage tourism, is one of the fastest growing markets in the country,” said Jannie Harriot. She is the vice chairperson of the South Carolina commission. “(But) nothing that we do is limited to black people. Sometimes I think white people are more interested in our history than we are.”
8 Why does the author mention the example state-national park in paragraph 3
A. To reflect the development of the park. B. To introduce the life of Tubman.
C. To present the attraction of large museums. D. To show the increased interest in black history.
9. What is the Moore’s attitude to the open of national museum
A. Favorable. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
10. What can we learn about civil rights tourism
A. An increased amount of money has mainly helped to preserve historic sites.
B. Actions have been taken only by black people to promote civil rights tourism.
C. Efforts have been made to increase tourism and attention to historic sites.
D. Commission has done nothing to arouse the interest of black people in history.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A. Activities Involving Black History Standing Out.
B. Reasons for the Increased Interest in Black History.
C. The Increased Awareness of Preserving Black History.
D. Black History Tourism and Museums Attracting Attention.
D
There are many interconnected links between Earth and space exploration. The Earth and Space Foundation (基金会), was founded for the purposes of developing such links by field research and direct practical action.
Projects that have been supported by the Foundation include environmental projects using technologies of space exploration: satellite communications, GPS, remote sensing, advanced materials and power sources. For example, the people of Guatemala are faced with the loss of the forests on which their livelihood depends. Rather than opposing economic progress and trying to save the forests on their own strengths, one new approach is to improve the value of the forests. The Foundation has previously given a fund to a group of explorers that used remote sensing to plan eco-tourism routes in the forests of Guatemala, thus bringing income to the local populations through tourism. This novel approach is now making the protection of the forests a reasonable economic decision.
The Foundation funds many archaeological (考古学的) field projects, which reflect the contributions of the early civilization to astronomy (天文学) and space sciences. The Foundation helped fund a large archaeology project by the Society for Syrian Archaeology at the University of California, Los Angeles. It worked with the Syrian government and used GPS and satellite imagery to locate banks of earth, or ‘tels’, containing treasures and relics of ancient civilizations. These collections are being used to build a better picture of the nature of the civilizations that gave birth to astronomy.
Field research also applies the Earth’s environmental and biological resources to the human exploration and settlement of space. This may include the use of remote environments on Earth, as well as physiological and psychological studies in harsh environments. In one research project, the Foundation gave financial support to an international caving expedition to study the psychology of explorers in caves in Mexico for a period of time. The results of the tests were used by the NASA Johnson Space Center to improve US astronaut selection standard. Besides, a Mars-like programme has been launched in one area in the Arctic, whose environment is similar to the Mars’, to test communications and exploration technologies in preparation for the human exploration of Mars.
12. What do we know about the novel approach in the Guatemala project
A. It opposed the development of economy.
B. It reduced the impact of tourists on the forests.
C. It showed that preserving the forests can be profitable.
D. It gave the Foundation greater control over the forests.
13. Why were GPS and satellite imagery used in the Syrian project
A. To explore land that is hard to reach. B. To find ancient items buried under the earth.
C. To limit the impact of archaeological activity. D. To rebuild the picture of all the civilizations.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The space environment is as tough as the environment on Earth.
B. It is unlikely to test the technologies needed to explore Mars on Earth.
C. The length of time in caves certainly leads to the best astronaut selection standard.
D. Space-like environments on Earth may help us understand how to operate in the space.
15. What is the writer’s purpose in the passage
A. To encourage people to explore the space. B. To introduce the function of the Foundation.
C. To persuade people to study the caves. D. To show the importance of space exploration.
湖南省岳阳市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题,每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A, B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
A
Visit the UC Botanical Garden
Hours
Ilie Garden is open by reservation only.
Members Hour:9 - 11 am Workdays, 8-11 am Saturday
General Admission: 12 am-4 pm daily
Closed the First Tuesday of the month
Admission
Online advanced admission tickets are： required for all visitors, including members. Members must Sign in io receive their free admission.
Adults ： 515
Seniors （65+）: $12
Juniors （7- 17）: $7
Children 6 and under: Free
Non-UCB Students: $12
UCB faculty, staff, & students: Free
Visit Guidelines
Face coverings are required for visitors over the age of two. Plea.sc keep 6 feet of distance between you and other visitors who are not in your social group. While UCBG has taken （北京）股份有限公司
（北京）股份有限公司
（北京）股份有限公司
necessary safety measures, there is still a risk of exposure to COVID-19 in any public place where people are present. Please slay home if you are sick.
Please stay on the paths and out of the Garden beds. The Garden is a living museum for the public to enjoy and respect. Do not damage, pick, or remove any plant material or items in the Garden, The Garden is a research facility with many ongoing projects that must not be disturbed.
Smoking is not allowed.
Pets are not allowed in the Garden to protect our plant collection. However, trained service dogs are permitted.
Photoshoots arc currently not allowed due to pandemic health restrictions.
2 L When can a member visit the botanical garden
A. 8 am. Friday, 5 March B. 9 am. Tuesday, 2 March
C. 10 am, Saturday, 6 March D. 3pm, Thursday, 4 March
22. How much should a UCB student pay if he visits the garden with his grandparents in their late sixties
A. $12 B.$24 C.$30 D.$ 36
23. Which of the following is allowed to do in the botanical garden
A, Taking photos of the flowers in the garden beds.
B, Walking on the path with a guide dog.
C. Collecting seeds of the plants.
D. Picking fruits on the tree.
B
The world held its breath when the scene of a car crash was broadcast on five television and the name Tiger Woods flashed across the screen. The Los Angeles Times reported the car rolled over many times and Woods was not able to get out of the car on his own. Fortunately, he was wearing his seat bell; which very likely saved his lifer Woods was saved from the badly damaged car with the "jaws of life" by firefighters. Then he was immediately transported to Harbor-UCLA, the busiest hospital in Los Angeles, and was undergoing surgery for leg injuries, as recent reports said.
Thankfully, his injuries aren't life-threatening. We do have some clues in the released statements as to what injuries Woods has suffered. First, we heard about open fractures, in which the broken bones poke （露出）through the skin. Woods is said to have had a rod （杆） placed down a bone, which is one way to treat a fracture and allow the bone to heal in a better position. Given the multiplicity of fractures, Woods may have also had an external fixator, something kept outside the skin. Moving forward, he will also need to heal and strengthen his muscles, which can take a year or longer
Woods. 45, is one of the most successful professional golfers of all time. He has won 15 major championships and most recently won The Masters in 2019 after missing a good deal of lime recovering from a back injury. It is for too early to say whether he will play professional
golf again, and there is no doubt his injuries are a severe obstacle to his chances of ever returning to the tour, particularly because he is in his 40s, and has suffered other career-threatening injuries.
Woods's tragedies are what makes him human, but his comebacks are what make him inspirational. Woods's legendary story has been marked by several peaks and valleys. Let’ hope this is the deepest valley before the greatest peak.
24. Which probably saved Tiger Woods* life in the crash
A. Rod placed down a bone.
B, Jaws of life' used by firemen.
C. Seat belt worn by him.
D. An external fixator.
25.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. Woods suffered life-threatening injuries in this accident.
B. It will Lake Woods a year to recover
C. Woods can never play professional golf again.
D. Woods, injuries are career threatening.
26, What made Tiger Woods a legendary golfer
A. Winning many championships.
B. His ear accident in the journey.
C. His serious injuries,
D, Ups and downs in his life.
27, What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He is indifferent to Woods' accident
B. He is familiar with Woods' golf career
C. He is sure about Woods’ future golf careen
D He was reporting on the spot of the accident
C
As stay-at-home orders relieve and cities reopen for business, many doctors and hospital administrators are calling for a quick return of health care to pre-pandemic levels. For months now, routine care has been postponed. Elective procedures — big moneymakers — were stopped so that hospitals could transfer resources to treating Covid-19 patients. Routine clinic visits were canceled or replaced by online sessions. I his has resulted in great financial losses for hospitals and clinics. Hospitals have been forced to reduce employees or cut pay.
Most patients, on the other hand, at least those with stable chronic（慢性的）conditions, seem to have done OK In a recent survey, only one in ten respondents said their health or a family member's health had worsened as a result of delayed care. Eighty-six percent said their health had stayed about the same.
Admittedly^ postponing health care had terrible health consequences for some patients with non-Covid-19 illnesses. Still, a majority of patients seem to have done better than what most doctors expected. It will probably take years to understand why. However, perhaps Americans don't require the volume(体积)of care that their doctors are used to providing.
It is well recognized that a substantial amount of health care in America is wasteful, accounting for hundreds of billions of dollars of the total health care budget Wasteful care is driven by many forces: "defensive'' medicine by doctors trying to avoid lawsuits; the high prices that American doctors and hospitals charge; a lack of consensus about which treatments are effective; and the widespread belief that newer, more expensive technology is always better.
In a survey a few years ago, two-thirds of doctors in the United States admitted that between 15 percent and 30 percent of heath care is probably unnecessary. Studies suggest that up to 20 percent of surgeries in some specialties arc unnecessary. If your surgery was postponed because of the pandemic, it is worth having a conversation with your doctor about whether il is still needed.
Many institutions are using this difficult time in our nation's history to make changes. The health care system should do the same.
28. What is the passage mainly about
A. Hospitals and clinics in America arc suffering a great loss.
B, Doctors and hospitals in America are calling for the return of health care.
C, A large amount of health care in America is unnecessary.
D. Most patients' health in America had become worse because of stay-at-home orders.
29. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. hospitals and clinics in America used to make a lot of money.
B. most patients seem to have been in stable conditions without any treatment.
C. most doctors are providing too little health care on purpose,
D most people do not need a surgery if it is postponed because of the pandemic.
30. What is "defensive" medicine in paragraph 4 mean
A. The medicine to defend the disease-
B. The medicine to protect the patients.
C. The medicine to help the doctors avoid troubles.
D. The medicine to help the doctors treat patients better.
31. The author mentions "Many institutions are using this difficult time in our nation's history to make changes" in the last paragraph to indicate that .
A. it is difficult to make a change in. history.
B. many institutions have made changes in history.
C- the health care system may go through a hard time.
D, the health care system need to make some changes.
D
"Imagine this for a second： one man, with total control of billions of people's stolen data. All their secrets, their lives, their futures. I owe it all to Specter (Specter is an evil organization in the James Rond movies) .'"Specter showed me that whoever controls the data, controls the future." This was the invitation that Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerburg recently gave his online audience as he stared at the camera.
Or maybe not. On closer observation, it turned out to be something called a "deepfake video”, where the speaker inside is simply a digital fake of Zuckerburg. The video was created by artists Bill Posters and Daniel Howe with help from artificial intelligence companies and displayed over the past week or so at an art show in Britain on the influence of technology. The fake video was made using AI that can create the illusion of a real person saying or doing things that they have never actually done.
Such tricks may appear to be risk-free, but experts arc warning that the video manipulation technology could easily be used to spread fake news or damage someone's reputation.
Media alteration tools are nothing new, but the real danger now is that fakery is getting cheaper than ever to create a deepfake video, all you need is a few photos and the Internet. With little help, it gives birth to something new, something real. This brings questions about how to approach the problem of doctored videos.
Two solutions have been proposed: using technology to identify these modified videos, and making it punishable by law to slur（诽谤）one's name through the deepfake technology.
However, neither option is ideal, because it's not the technology itself that is the issue, but the motives it is being used for.
32. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerburg was brave enough to tell the truth.
B. The announcement was made by Zuckerburg actually.
C. Zuckerburg created something called a "deepfake video”.
D. The stolen information could be made into fake videos
33. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. It is so easy for people to make a deep fake video now,
B. Many people get punished for the deepfake video.
C. Media alteration tools are seldom used to make deepfake videos .
D. Experts believe the deepfake videos will make someone famous.
34. What is the best title for this passage
A. Protecting Stolen Data
R, Dealing with Deepfake Videos
C. How to Make Deepfake Videos
D. Making use of Deepfake Technology
35. What is author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the need of using technology properly.
B. To provide some information about a new technology.
C. To reveal the ways of protecting private information.
D. To suggest a way of creating a deepfake video.
湖南省岳阳市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共10小题：每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In December, Li Haichao and her 1-year-old boy received a special teddy bear, made from her husband Xu Yuelong's jacket. On the stuffed animal's back, there is a sewn sentence—“My dad is hero”.
Born in 1993, Xu, a policeman, lost his life in a car accident in October 2018 while attempting capture two prisoners “My son has never seen his father I hope he bear can build a connection between them,” Li says. For Li, compared with a wardrobe of her husband's clothes, the bear is much more vivid.
Li is among hundreds of people who have discovered the healing needlework of Xiao Jie, a 39-year-old craftswoman in Chongqing. Xiao's story took off on Sina Weibo, with related news being viewed 140 million times by April 6. She got the idea from a post, which tells the story of a 21-year-old British woman, Mary Maclnnes, who made teddy bears from the clothing of departed beloved ones to help soothe the pain of loss.
“Everyone will encounter moments of grief for deceased (亡故的) family or friends. It is a good way to help them honor the memory of their departed loved ones,” Xiao has been kept busy balancing her work and the teddy production. On average, it takes her at least six hours to design, plan, cut, sew and complete a bear. She only charges about 300 yuan ($42.3) for the basic costs. “My mother and some friends suggested that I use a sewing machine to reduce the heavy workload, but as a craftswoman, I insist on sewing every stitch by hand, Xiao says, adding that she believes that hand-sewing can inject soul and life to her work.
“It is not a business, but a lifetime career,” Xiao says, adding that, during this extraordinary time, spreading the kindness to others really matters.
1. What do we know about Xiao Jie
A. She only referred to this business as a hobby.
B. She persisted in sewing the teddy bears by hand.
C. She was the first one to have started this business.
D. She sent a teddy bear to Li Haichao and her son for free.
2. What does the underlined word “soothe” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Prevent. B. Avoid. C. Treat. D. Relieve.
3. Which of the following best describes Xiao Jie
A. Outgoing and selfless. B. Generous and helpful.
C. Skilled and sympathetic D. Modest and stubborn.
B
The Education Secretary Michael Gove said all schools should follow the example set in the Far East where pupils are expected to follow a longer day and get less time off. In a speech, he warned the current shape of the academic year was created to fit the needs of an agricultural economy, with pupils taking time of in October to help harvest. The lack of time spent in the classroom is particularly damaging to children from poor backgrounds, Mr. Gove said.
Some of the Government's flagship academies- state schools run independent of local council controls- are using their independence to reform the school day, he said. Some open at 8:30 am and expect children to remain until at least 4:30 pm to undertake sport, music and other extra-curricular activities. Other schools such as David Young Community Academy operate four-week summer holidays for fear that children suffer an academic fall during the traditional six-week break.
Mr. Gove said all schools should follow a similar model to enable the nation to catch up with education systems elsewhere in the world. But the calls are likely to infuriate (激怒) teaching unions who are fiercely protective of the six-week summer break which they claim is vital to allow staff to recharge their batteries.
Earlier this month, the National Union of Teachers actually called for a shorter school day. But addressing the Spectator Education Conference in central London, Mr. Gove said a “higher level of effort is expected on behalf of students, parents and teachers” in nations such as Singapore and elsewhere in the Far East.
He insisted the Government was changing teachers' pay and working conditions which meant they could be paid more for taking on extra duties, allowing heads to organize their staff “in a way to get more out of young people”
“The expectation is that to succeed, hard work is at the heart of everything,” he said. “If you look at the length of the school day and summer holiday in England- and we compare it to the extra tuition and support children are receiving elsewhere then we are fighting or actually running in this global race in a way without doubt we start with a significant obstacle (障碍)”
4. Which of the following is right according to the passage
A. Some schools in the UK have prolonged the school day.
B. A shorter school day helps employ more young teachers.
C. Teachers in the Far East long to have a longer holiday.
D. A longer school day makes no difference to poor children.
5. What may the National Union of teachers in the UK expect
A. A longer summer break. B. A longer school day.
C. A higher level of effort. D. A bigger input of tuition
6. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A. Hard work is at the heart of everything.
B. The length of the school day is disadvantageous to England.
C. England has lost the global race in education.
D. The government offers a higher pay to attract more teachers.
7. Where is the text most likely from
A. A work report. B. A notebook.
C. A biography. D. A newspaper.
C
Purchasing groceries online has typically been seen as a convenient way to shop for food without having to put on pants. But according to a recent study, shopping in your underwear may also benefit the environment.
According to the study, conducted by University of Washington engineers, grocery delivery services can cut carbon emissions (排放) in half, and possibly more. The reasoning is fairly straightforward: Packed trucks can provide groceries to many people in a single trip, thus removing many cars from the road. “A lot of times people think they have to inconvenience themselves to be greener, and that actually isn't the case here,” said Anne Goodchild, an associate professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering who worked on the study. “From an environmental perspective, grocery delivery services overwhelmingly can provide emissions reductions.'
By surveying Seattle residents about their grocery purchasing habits and analyzing the data they collected, the researchers determined that delivery trucks produced 20 to 75 percent less CO2 than the cars that would otherwise have been used to get groceries.
Why the difference The reductions were maximized in denser places, or when companies plotted efficient delivery routes that allowed them to hit many homes in one go. The difference between taking efficient routes versus a more random approach accounted for up to a 90 percent reduction in CO2 emissions alone, the study found.
“Indeed, it is not he delivery service that's green so much as it is the city itself,” says TIME'S Bryan Walsh. “The population density of Brooklyn is over 3400 per 8quare mile compared with a little less than 90 people per square mile for the U.S. as a whole. It can't be said enough: The greenest thing any of us can do is live in dense cities or at the very least, support policies that enable greater population density”.
8. Why is purchasing groceries online environmentally friendly
A. Because it saves people the trouble of putting on pants.
B. Because groceries are provided to many people in one go.
C. Because it makes people prefer living in a dense city.
D. Because people have to be inconvenienced to be greener.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why companies plot different delivery routes.
B. Why emission reductions rate differs so greatly.
C. Why less cars have been used to get groceries.
D. Why the population density of city is so different.
10. Which of the following may be a greener way of life
A. Driving your own car.
B. Shopping in your outwear.
C. Living in urban areas.
D. Inconveniencing yourself.
参考答案
湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几款能帮助你学习新东西的应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Quizlet部分的“Whether you’re brushing up on a language, gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or getting to grips with your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine—for free.(无论你是在复习一门语言、园艺知识和烹饪技巧，还是在掌握你最喜欢的文学经典，在线学习平台Quizlet可以让你访问超过3亿种不同的学习集，几乎任何你能想到的科目，而且是免费的。)”可知，这款APP可以帮助你几乎学到一切知识。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blinkist部分的“Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management sill, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and transform them into easy to consume 15 minute digests. (无论你是想开始一项新业务，提高你的管理水平，还是实现更好的工作、生活平衡，微型学习应用Blinkist从非小说文本中提取关键思想，并将它们转化为易于消费的15分钟摘要。)”可知，这款APP可以提取非小说文本最精彩的部分。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blinkist 部分的“Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management sill, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and transform them into easy to consume 15 minute digests. (无论你是想开始一项新业务，提高你的管理水平，还是实现更好的工作、生活平衡，微型学习应用Blinkist从非小说文本中提取关键思想，并将它们转化为易于消费的15分钟摘要。)”可知，这款APP可以帮助你平衡生活和工作；以及Remente部分的“Today, there are tools that can help you, like the mental health app Remente. Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, stress or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality.(如今，有一些工具可以帮助你，比如心理健康应用程序Remente。无论目的是改善心理健康，压力或个人或职业关系，Remente指导用户通过每一步，以使他们的目标成为现实。)”可知，这两款APP都会帮助你缓解工作压力。故选D。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿去南极洲的路程中成功穿越德雷克海峡，并最终看到了帝企鹅。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet. (它被认为是地球上最汹涌的海域。)”可知，要到达南极洲，船只必须经过一片以波涛汹涌著称的海域——德雷克海峡。划线单词notoriously为“臭名昭著地；众所周知地”。选项A“Frequently traveled. (经常旅游)”；选项B“Hard to locate (很难找到)”；选项C“Recognized negatively. (负面公认的)”；选项D“Aimlessly sailed. (漫无目的地航行)”。选择项C与划线词含义最为相似。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. (三十英尺，有时四十英尺高的水墙，在整整两天的时间里，不断地在我们的船上撞击。我们会紧紧抓住船内的一根绳子，同时被猛烈地向一边倾斜，然后向另一边倾斜，然后又回到一边。)”可推断，德雷克海峡非常难穿越。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal. (在几百码之内，一群群的帝王企鹅，一次大概有10只左右，向我们打招呼，它们用肚子滑来滑去，发出美妙的声音，像是一种带鼻音的尖叫。）”以及第四段“And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. (我永远不会忘记，当我开玩笑地问那只企鹅回直升机的路时，它把翅膀指向了正确的方向。)”可推断，作者在描述帝王企鹅时，重点描述了这些企鹅的友好和有趣的行为。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea.(在我们的访问过程中，我们开始尊重大海的力量。)”可知，作者的这次南极洲之旅，使作者更加尊重自然的力量。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描写具有吸引力的黑人历史博物馆和历史遗址。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In Church Creek, Maryland, for example, a 1-year-old, 17-acre state-national park memorializes the place where Harriet Tubman was born and enslaved.(在马里兰州的Church Creek，一座占地17英亩的1岁州立公园纪念哈里特·塔布曼出生和奴役的地方。) ”以及The park was expected to draw 75,000 visitors its first year. However, it attracted 100,000. ( 公园第一年预计将吸引75000名游客。然而，它吸引了10万人。)”可知，作者举例子是为了说明人们对黑人历史关注热度持续上升。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We thought that might have the impact of gaining the public spotlight. Just the opposite(我们认为这可能会引起公众的关注。恰恰相反。)”以及“ It has jump-started more presentations of black history. (它开始了更多关于黑人历史的介绍。)”和“There are art museums everywhere, and there are history museums everywhere. I see it as really healthy that there will be African-American museums everywhere.(到处都是艺术博物馆，到处都是历史博物馆。我认为到处都会有非裔美国人的博物馆，这真的很健康。)”可知，Moore支持国家博物馆关于黑人历史的介绍。A项“支持的”符合题意。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“States also are spending money to promote civil rights tourism. 14 Southern state tourism agencies in January launched a website detailing stops on what they are calling the U.S. Civil Rights Trail. The South Carolina African American Heritage Commission last year created a “Green Book” mobile app. It includes 300 historic African-American sites in South Carolina.( 各州也在花钱促进民权旅游。1月份，14家南部州旅游机构推出了一个网站，详细介绍了他们所称的“美国民权之路”的停靠点。南卡罗来纳州非裔美国人遗产委员会去年开发了一款“绿皮书”移动应用程序。它包括南卡罗来纳州300处历史悠久的非裔美国人遗址。)”可知，各地都在努力地推广旅游业和对历史遗址的关注。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Black history museums and historic sites are thriving or growing forcefully across the South. They’re riding a wave of interest in African-American history that’s made a stunning success of the 2-year-old National Museum of African American History and Culture in the nation’s capital. (黑人历史博物馆和历史遗迹在整个南方正在蓬勃发展。乘着对非裔美国人历史的兴趣浪潮，在首都成立两年的非裔美国人历史和文化国家博物馆取得了惊人的成功。)”以及下文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述具有吸引力的黑人历史博物馆和历史遗址，因此推断D项“黑人历史旅游和博物馆吸引了关注。”为最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球和空间基金会的作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Foundation has previously given a fund to a group of explorers that used remote sensing to plan eco-tourism routes in the forests of Guatemala, thus bringing income to the local populations through tourism. This novel approach is now making the protection of the forests a reasonable economic decision.(该基金会此前向一组探险家提供了一笔资金，这些探险家利用遥感来规划危地马拉森林中的生态旅游路线，从而通过旅游业为当地人口带来收入。这种新方法现在使保护森林成为一种合理的经济决策)”可知，危地马拉项目的新方法可以在保护森林的同时给当地人口带来收入，这表明保护森林的同时也可以盈利。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It worked with the Syrian government and used GPS and satellite imagery to locate banks of earth, or ‘tels’, containing treasures and relics of ancient civilizations. (它与叙利亚政府合作，利用GPS和卫星图像定位藏有古代文明珍宝和遗迹的河岸)”可知，叙利亚项目中使用GPS和卫星图像来寻找埋藏在地下的古代物品。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besides, a Mars-like programme has been launched in one area in the Arctic, whose environment is similar to the Mars’, to test communications and exploration technologies in preparation for the human exploration of Mars.(此外，在北极的一个环境与火星相似的地区启动了一个类似火星的项目，测试通信和探测技术，为人类探索火星做准备)”可推知，地球上类似太空的环境可能有助于我们了解如何在太空中操作。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章第一段“There are many interconnected links between Earth and space exploration. The Earth and Space Foundation (基金会), was founded for the purposes of developing such links by field research and direct practical action.(地球和太空探索之间有许多相互联系。地球和空间基金会就是为了通过实地研究和直接实际行动发展这种联系而成立的)”、第二段“Projects that have been supported by the Foundation include environmental projects using technologies of space exploration: satellite communications, GPS, remote sensing, advanced materials and power sources.(基金会支持的项目包括使用空间探索技术的环境项目：卫星通信、全球定位系统、遥感、先进材料和电源)”和第三段“The Foundation funds many archaeological(考古学的) field projects, which reflect the contributions of the early civilization to astronomy(天文学) and space sciences. (该基金会资助了许多考古领域的项目，这些项目反映了早期文明对天文学和空间科学的贡献)”可推知，这篇文章主要介绍了地球和空间基金会的作用。故选B。
湖南省岳阳市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
A.篇 21-23CBB
B.篇 24-27CDDB
C 篇 28-31CACD
D 篇 32-35DABA
湖南省岳阳市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
本文是说明文。阐述了重庆女手工艺人肖杰通过利用逝去的亲人的衣服制作泰迪熊寄托思念的故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““My mother and some friends suggested that I use a sewing machine to reduce the heavy workload, but as a craftswoman, I insist on sewing every stitch by hand, Xiao says（肖说，我妈妈和一些朋友建议我用缝纫机来减轻繁重的工作量，但作为一名女工匠，我坚持用手缝制每一针）”可知，肖杰坚持手工缝制泰迪熊。故选B。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。上文Li is among hundreds of people who have discovered the healing needlework of Xiao Jie讲述肖杰的针线活治愈悲伤，因此推断划线句句意：她从一篇文章中得到了这个想法，这篇文章讲述了一个21岁的英国女人玛丽·麦克恩斯的故事，她用心爱的人的衣服制作泰迪熊，以帮助soothe失去的痛苦。治愈悲伤即缓解失去亲人的痛苦。故soothe与relief意思相近。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后两段中的“It is a good way to help them honor the memory of their departed loved ones”“ but as a craftswoman, I insist on sewing every stitch by hand, Xiao says, adding that she believes that hand-sewing can inject soul and life to her work.”“ during this extraordinary time, spreading the kindness to others really matters”可知，肖杰认为这是帮助人们纪念他们亡故的爱着的人的好办法，她坚持手工制作，认为手工缝制可以给她的作品注入灵魂和生命，制作这种手工艺品肖杰认为可以传播善意是真正重要的，因此推断她是技术精湛且富有同情心的。故选C。
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了英国想要延长学生在校时间，人们对此的看法和事情的利弊。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“all schools should follow the example set in the Far East where pupils are expected to follow a longer day and get less time off”可知，所有的学校都应该仿照远东的例子，延长学生的在校时间，减少放假和放学时间，再根据“Some of the Government's flagship academies- state schools run independent of local council controls- are using their independence to reform the school day”可知有些学校已经进行了改革，所以有些英国学校已经延长了在校时间，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But the calls are likely to infuriate (激怒) teaching unions who are fiercely protective of the six-week summer break which they claim is vital to allow staff to recharge their batteries.”可知，这种呼吁激怒了教师团体，他们强烈呼吁六个星期的暑假，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒第二段可知，延长在校时间要付加班费，根据最后一段可知学生要交更多的学费，可知延长在校时间在英国不利，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章引用了Mr. Gove说的话和观点，讲述了社会现象和利弊，可知这是一篇新闻稿，来自报纸，故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍网上购物的好处以及环保的理由。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The reasoning is fairly straightforward: Packed trucks can provide groceries to many people in a single trip, thus removing many cars from the road. “A lot of times people think they have to inconvenience themselves to be greener, and that actually isn't the case here,”“ 原因很简单:包装好的卡车可以在一次行程中为许多人提供食品杂货，从而减少了道路上的许多汽车。“很多时候，人们认为为了更环保，他们必须给自己带来不便，实际上这里不是这样的。””由此可知，网上购物之所以环保，是因为食品是一下子提供给很多人的。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段Why the difference The reductions were maximized in denser places, or when companies plotted efficient delivery routes that allowed them to hit many homes in one go. The difference between taking efficient routes versus a more random approach accounted for up to a 90 percent reduction in CO2emissions alone, the study found.( 为什么在人口密集的地方，或者当公司设计出高效的送货路线，可以一次送货到很多家庭的时候减少的差异最大。研究发现，选择有效的路线与选择更随意的路线之间的差别，仅就二氧化碳排放量而言,占90%。由此可知，该段讲述的是“为什么减排率相差如此之大。”故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中It can't be said enough: The greenest thing any of us can do is live in dense cities or at the very least, support policies that enable greater population density“说得再多也不够:我们每个人能做的最环保的事情就是生活在人口密集的城市，或者至少支持能够增加人口密度的政策。”由此可知，住在城市里可能是更环保的生活方式。故选C。
阅读理解专题
湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A study by the Institute for Employment Studies found that older learners reported higher life enjoyment and greater confidence. The following apps will help you to learn something new.
1. Quizlet
Whether you’re brushing up on a language, gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or getting to grips with your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine—for free.
Whether you are learning a skill yourself or helping your child or grandchild revise their school work, Quizlet is a great study platform for mastering any subject.
2. Babbel
As well as being a great skill to show off on holiday, learning a new language can have profound effects on the way you approach problem-solving and might even give you a leg-up in your career.
With classes designed to be 10-15 minutes long Babbel encourages learning in short, yet achievable, bursts. So this summer, whether you’re on the beach soaking up some sun, or simply relaxing at home, why not give language learning a try
3. Blinkist
Blinkist is the perfect app to assist you this summer, providing the key highlights from non-fiction books in both audio and text form.
Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management sill, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and transform them into easy to consume 15 minute digests.
4. Remente
Stress is something that most of us face on a daily basis—be it at work or at home—and continual worry and stress can be harmful to our health.
Today, there are tools that can help you, like the mental health app Remente. Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, stress or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality.
1. In which app can almost everything be learned
A. Quizlet. B. Babbel. C. Blinkist. D. Remente.
2. What can you find in Blinkist
A. Science fiction in audio forms. B. Short stories by famous authors.
C. The best part of a news article. D. A complete version of a best-seller.
3. If you’re stressed with your new business, you can choose ________
A. Babbel & Quizlet B. Remente & Quizlet C. Blinkist & Babbel D. Blinkist & Remente
B
Getting to Antarctica is not easy. The few who are lucky enough to visit this most mysterious continent do so by ships. To reach Antarctica, ships must pass through a notoriously violent area of ocean called the Drake Passage, considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet.
Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. My daughter Claire and I were as mentally prepared as we could be.
About two and a half days after entering the Drake Passage, the waters calmed. Soon, we noticed small black spots on nearby pieces of floating ice. Emperor penguins! Then, we began the two-mile hike over the ice to the penguin colony. Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal.
One day two adult emperors with their three chicks in-tow approached Claire, who was resting on the ice. They left the chicks with her, as if she were the babysitter. Twenty minutes later they returned to collect the chicks, And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. Every night aboard our safe and warm ship, we thought about what it takes to survive in Antarctica, an incredibly harsh place.
But each day on the ice, we also thought about the Drake passage, that monstrous body of water we had to endure to get where we were. Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea. We still talk about the penguins, as I’m sure we always will But we talk about the Drake too. Both experiences were unforgettable, and one would not have bee possible without the other.
4. What does the word notoriously mean in paragraph 1
A. Frequently traveled. B. Hard to locate. C. Recognized negatively. D. Aimlessly sailed.
5. Which of the flowing best describe the voyage in the Drake passage
A. Boring. B. Comfortable. C. Smooth. D. Difficult.
6. What does the author mostly focuses on penguins when describing them
A. Dependence on one another. B. Collecting their baby chicks in time.
C. Friendly and entertaining behavior. D. Ability to survive in their environment.
7. What did the author most likely gain from his experience
A. An increased respect for the power of nature.
B. An understanding of how animals survive in cold climates.
C. An awareness of the types of activities his daughter enjoys.
D. An interest in other journeys that involve physical challenges.
C
Black history museums and historic sites are thriving or growing forcefully across the South. They’re riding a wave of interest in African-American history that’s made a stunning success of the 2-year-old National Museum of African American History and Culture in the nation’s capital.
Attendance at some large museums is decreasing. Twelve of the 20 biggest U. S. museums saw flat or lower attendance from 2016 to 2017. In comparison, various activities involving black history stand out.
In Church Creek, Maryland, for example, a 1-year-old, 17-acre state-national park memorializes the place where Harriet Tubman was born and enslaved. Tubman escaped slavery and later helped many others escape, too. The park was expected to draw 75,000 visitors its first year. However, it attracted 100,000.
History professionals cite several factors for the phenomenon. The Black Lives Matter movement, conflicts over Confederate monuments, protests by NFL players and last year’s violence in Charlottesville, Virginia, also have made a difference. These activities have caused more Americans to consider how race affect them.
When the national museum opened “We thought that might have the impact of gaining the public spotlight. Just the opposite,” said Moore, president of Charleston, South Carolina’s International African American Museum. It has jump-started more presentations of black history. “There are art museums everywhere, and there are history museums everywhere. I see it as really healthy that there will be African-American museums everywhere.”
States also are spending money to promote civil rights tourism. 14 Southern state tourism agencies in January launched a website detailing stops on what they are calling the U.S. Civil Rights Trail. The South Carolina African American Heritage Commission last year created a “Green Book” mobile app. It includes 300 historic African-American sites in South Carolina.
“Cultural tourism, or heritage tourism, is one of the fastest growing markets in the country,” said Jannie Harriot. She is the vice chairperson of the South Carolina commission. “(But) nothing that we do is limited to black people. Sometimes I think white people are more interested in our history than we are.”
8 Why does the author mention the example state-national park in paragraph 3
A. To reflect the development of the park. B. To introduce the life of Tubman.
C. To present the attraction of large museums. D. To show the increased interest in black history.
9. What is the Moore’s attitude to the open of national museum
A. Favorable. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
10. What can we learn about civil rights tourism
A. An increased amount of money has mainly helped to preserve historic sites.
B. Actions have been taken only by black people to promote civil rights tourism.
C. Efforts have been made to increase tourism and attention to historic sites.
D. Commission has done nothing to arouse the interest of black people in history.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A. Activities Involving Black History Standing Out.
B. Reasons for the Increased Interest in Black History.
C. The Increased Awareness of Preserving Black History.
D. Black History Tourism and Museums Attracting Attention.
D
There are many interconnected links between Earth and space exploration. The Earth and Space Foundation (基金会), was founded for the purposes of developing such links by field research and direct practical action.
Projects that have been supported by the Foundation include environmental projects using technologies of space exploration: satellite communications, GPS, remote sensing, advanced materials and power sources. For example, the people of Guatemala are faced with the loss of the forests on which their livelihood depends. Rather than opposing economic progress and trying to save the forests on their own strengths, one new approach is to improve the value of the forests. The Foundation has previously given a fund to a group of explorers that used remote sensing to plan eco-tourism routes in the forests of Guatemala, thus bringing income to the local populations through tourism. This novel approach is now making the protection of the forests a reasonable economic decision.
The Foundation funds many archaeological (考古学的) field projects, which reflect the contributions of the early civilization to astronomy (天文学) and space sciences. The Foundation helped fund a large archaeology project by the Society for Syrian Archaeology at the University of California, Los Angeles. It worked with the Syrian government and used GPS and satellite imagery to locate banks of earth, or ‘tels’, containing treasures and relics of ancient civilizations. These collections are being used to build a better picture of the nature of the civilizations that gave birth to astronomy.
Field research also applies the Earth’s environmental and biological resources to the human exploration and settlement of space. This may include the use of remote environments on Earth, as well as physiological and psychological studies in harsh environments. In one research project, the Foundation gave financial support to an international caving expedition to study the psychology of explorers in caves in Mexico for a period of time. The results of the tests were used by the NASA Johnson Space Center to improve US astronaut selection standard. Besides, a Mars-like programme has been launched in one area in the Arctic, whose environment is similar to the Mars’, to test communications and exploration technologies in preparation for the human exploration of Mars.
12. What do we know about the novel approach in the Guatemala project
A. It opposed the development of economy.
B. It reduced the impact of tourists on the forests.
C. It showed that preserving the forests can be profitable.
D. It gave the Foundation greater control over the forests.
13. Why were GPS and satellite imagery used in the Syrian project
A. To explore land that is hard to reach. B. To find ancient items buried under the earth.
C. To limit the impact of archaeological activity. D. To rebuild the picture of all the civilizations.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The space environment is as tough as the environment on Earth.
B. It is unlikely to test the technologies needed to explore Mars on Earth.
C. The length of time in caves certainly leads to the best astronaut selection standard.
D. Space-like environments on Earth may help us understand how to operate in the space.
15. What is the writer’s purpose in the passage
A. To encourage people to explore the space. B. To introduce the function of the Foundation.
C. To persuade people to study the caves. D. To show the importance of space exploration.
湖南省岳阳市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题,每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A, B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
A
Visit the UC Botanical Garden
Hours
Ilie Garden is open by reservation only.
Members Hour:9 - 11 am Workdays, 8-11 am Saturday
General Admission: 12 am-4 pm daily
Closed the First Tuesday of the month
Admission
Online advanced admission tickets are： required for all visitors, including members. Members must Sign in io receive their free admission.
Adults ： 515
Seniors （65+）: $12
Juniors （7- 17）: $7
Children 6 and under: Free
Non-UCB Students: $12
UCB faculty, staff, & students: Free
Visit Guidelines
Face coverings are required for visitors over the age of two. Plea.sc keep 6 feet of distance between you and other visitors who are not in your social group. While UCBG has taken （北京）股份有限公司
（北京）股份有限公司
（北京）股份有限公司
necessary safety measures, there is still a risk of exposure to COVID-19 in any public place where people are present. Please slay home if you are sick.
Please stay on the paths and out of the Garden beds. The Garden is a living museum for the public to enjoy and respect. Do not damage, pick, or remove any plant material or items in the Garden, The Garden is a research facility with many ongoing projects that must not be disturbed.
Smoking is not allowed.
Pets are not allowed in the Garden to protect our plant collection. However, trained service dogs are permitted.
Photoshoots arc currently not allowed due to pandemic health restrictions.
2 L When can a member visit the botanical garden
A. 8 am. Friday, 5 March B. 9 am. Tuesday, 2 March
C. 10 am, Saturday, 6 March D. 3pm, Thursday, 4 March
22. How much should a UCB student pay if he visits the garden with his grandparents in their late sixties
A. $12 B.$24 C.$30 D.$ 36
23. Which of the following is allowed to do in the botanical garden
A, Taking photos of the flowers in the garden beds.
B, Walking on the path with a guide dog.
C. Collecting seeds of the plants.
D. Picking fruits on the tree.
B
The world held its breath when the scene of a car crash was broadcast on five television and the name Tiger Woods flashed across the screen. The Los Angeles Times reported the car rolled over many times and Woods was not able to get out of the car on his own. Fortunately, he was wearing his seat bell; which very likely saved his lifer Woods was saved from the badly damaged car with the "jaws of life" by firefighters. Then he was immediately transported to Harbor-UCLA, the busiest hospital in Los Angeles, and was undergoing surgery for leg injuries, as recent reports said.
Thankfully, his injuries aren't life-threatening. We do have some clues in the released statements as to what injuries Woods has suffered. First, we heard about open fractures, in which the broken bones poke （露出）through the skin. Woods is said to have had a rod （杆） placed down a bone, which is one way to treat a fracture and allow the bone to heal in a better position. Given the multiplicity of fractures, Woods may have also had an external fixator, something kept outside the skin. Moving forward, he will also need to heal and strengthen his muscles, which can take a year or longer
Woods. 45, is one of the most successful professional golfers of all time. He has won 15 major championships and most recently won The Masters in 2019 after missing a good deal of lime recovering from a back injury. It is for too early to say whether he will play professional
golf again, and there is no doubt his injuries are a severe obstacle to his chances of ever returning to the tour, particularly because he is in his 40s, and has suffered other career-threatening injuries.
Woods's tragedies are what makes him human, but his comebacks are what make him inspirational. Woods's legendary story has been marked by several peaks and valleys. Let’ hope this is the deepest valley before the greatest peak.
24. Which probably saved Tiger Woods* life in the crash
A. Rod placed down a bone.
B, Jaws of life' used by firemen.
C. Seat belt worn by him.
D. An external fixator.
25.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. Woods suffered life-threatening injuries in this accident.
B. It will Lake Woods a year to recover
C. Woods can never play professional golf again.
D. Woods, injuries are career threatening.
26, What made Tiger Woods a legendary golfer
A. Winning many championships.
B. His ear accident in the journey.
C. His serious injuries,
D, Ups and downs in his life.
27, What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He is indifferent to Woods' accident
B. He is familiar with Woods' golf career
C. He is sure about Woods’ future golf careen
D He was reporting on the spot of the accident
C
As stay-at-home orders relieve and cities reopen for business, many doctors and hospital administrators are calling for a quick return of health care to pre-pandemic levels. For months now, routine care has been postponed. Elective procedures — big moneymakers — were stopped so that hospitals could transfer resources to treating Covid-19 patients. Routine clinic visits were canceled or replaced by online sessions. I his has resulted in great financial losses for hospitals and clinics. Hospitals have been forced to reduce employees or cut pay.
Most patients, on the other hand, at least those with stable chronic（慢性的）conditions, seem to have done OK In a recent survey, only one in ten respondents said their health or a family member's health had worsened as a result of delayed care. Eighty-six percent said their health had stayed about the same.
Admittedly^ postponing health care had terrible health consequences for some patients with non-Covid-19 illnesses. Still, a majority of patients seem to have done better than what most doctors expected. It will probably take years to understand why. However, perhaps Americans don't require the volume(体积)of care that their doctors are used to providing.
It is well recognized that a substantial amount of health care in America is wasteful, accounting for hundreds of billions of dollars of the total health care budget Wasteful care is driven by many forces: "defensive'' medicine by doctors trying to avoid lawsuits; the high prices that American doctors and hospitals charge; a lack of consensus about which treatments are effective; and the widespread belief that newer, more expensive technology is always better.
In a survey a few years ago, two-thirds of doctors in the United States admitted that between 15 percent and 30 percent of heath care is probably unnecessary. Studies suggest that up to 20 percent of surgeries in some specialties arc unnecessary. If your surgery was postponed because of the pandemic, it is worth having a conversation with your doctor about whether il is still needed.
Many institutions are using this difficult time in our nation's history to make changes. The health care system should do the same.
28. What is the passage mainly about
A. Hospitals and clinics in America arc suffering a great loss.
B, Doctors and hospitals in America are calling for the return of health care.
C, A large amount of health care in America is unnecessary.
D. Most patients' health in America had become worse because of stay-at-home orders.
29. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. hospitals and clinics in America used to make a lot of money.
B. most patients seem to have been in stable conditions without any treatment.
C. most doctors are providing too little health care on purpose,
D most people do not need a surgery if it is postponed because of the pandemic.
30. What is "defensive" medicine in paragraph 4 mean
A. The medicine to defend the disease-
B. The medicine to protect the patients.
C. The medicine to help the doctors avoid troubles.
D. The medicine to help the doctors treat patients better.
31. The author mentions "Many institutions are using this difficult time in our nation's history to make changes" in the last paragraph to indicate that .
A. it is difficult to make a change in. history.
B. many institutions have made changes in history.
C- the health care system may go through a hard time.
D, the health care system need to make some changes.
D
"Imagine this for a second： one man, with total control of billions of people's stolen data. All their secrets, their lives, their futures. I owe it all to Specter (Specter is an evil organization in the James Rond movies) .'"Specter showed me that whoever controls the data, controls the future." This was the invitation that Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerburg recently gave his online audience as he stared at the camera.
Or maybe not. On closer observation, it turned out to be something called a "deepfake video”, where the speaker inside is simply a digital fake of Zuckerburg. The video was created by artists Bill Posters and Daniel Howe with help from artificial intelligence companies and displayed over the past week or so at an art show in Britain on the influence of technology. The fake video was made using AI that can create the illusion of a real person saying or doing things that they have never actually done.
Such tricks may appear to be risk-free, but experts arc warning that the video manipulation technology could easily be used to spread fake news or damage someone's reputation.
Media alteration tools are nothing new, but the real danger now is that fakery is getting cheaper than ever to create a deepfake video, all you need is a few photos and the Internet. With little help, it gives birth to something new, something real. This brings questions about how to approach the problem of doctored videos.
Two solutions have been proposed: using technology to identify these modified videos, and making it punishable by law to slur（诽谤）one's name through the deepfake technology.
However, neither option is ideal, because it's not the technology itself that is the issue, but the motives it is being used for.
32. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerburg was brave enough to tell the truth.
B. The announcement was made by Zuckerburg actually.
C. Zuckerburg created something called a "deepfake video”.
D. The stolen information could be made into fake videos
33. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. It is so easy for people to make a deep fake video now,
B. Many people get punished for the deepfake video.
C. Media alteration tools are seldom used to make deepfake videos .
D. Experts believe the deepfake videos will make someone famous.
34. What is the best title for this passage
A. Protecting Stolen Data
R, Dealing with Deepfake Videos
C. How to Make Deepfake Videos
D. Making use of Deepfake Technology
35. What is author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the need of using technology properly.
B. To provide some information about a new technology.
C. To reveal the ways of protecting private information.
D. To suggest a way of creating a deepfake video.
湖南省岳阳市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共10小题：每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In December, Li Haichao and her 1-year-old boy received a special teddy bear, made from her husband Xu Yuelong's jacket. On the stuffed animal's back, there is a sewn sentence—“My dad is hero”.
Born in 1993, Xu, a policeman, lost his life in a car accident in October 2018 while attempting capture two prisoners “My son has never seen his father I hope he bear can build a connection between them,” Li says. For Li, compared with a wardrobe of her husband's clothes, the bear is much more vivid.
Li is among hundreds of people who have discovered the healing needlework of Xiao Jie, a 39-year-old craftswoman in Chongqing. Xiao's story took off on Sina Weibo, with related news being viewed 140 million times by April 6. She got the idea from a post, which tells the story of a 21-year-old British woman, Mary Maclnnes, who made teddy bears from the clothing of departed beloved ones to help soothe the pain of loss.
“Everyone will encounter moments of grief for deceased (亡故的) family or friends. It is a good way to help them honor the memory of their departed loved ones,” Xiao has been kept busy balancing her work and the teddy production. On average, it takes her at least six hours to design, plan, cut, sew and complete a bear. She only charges about 300 yuan ($42.3) for the basic costs. “My mother and some friends suggested that I use a sewing machine to reduce the heavy workload, but as a craftswoman, I insist on sewing every stitch by hand, Xiao says, adding that she believes that hand-sewing can inject soul and life to her work.
“It is not a business, but a lifetime career,” Xiao says, adding that, during this extraordinary time, spreading the kindness to others really matters.
1. What do we know about Xiao Jie
A. She only referred to this business as a hobby.
B. She persisted in sewing the teddy bears by hand.
C. She was the first one to have started this business.
D. She sent a teddy bear to Li Haichao and her son for free.
2. What does the underlined word “soothe” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Prevent. B. Avoid. C. Treat. D. Relieve.
3. Which of the following best describes Xiao Jie
A. Outgoing and selfless. B. Generous and helpful.
C. Skilled and sympathetic D. Modest and stubborn.
B
The Education Secretary Michael Gove said all schools should follow the example set in the Far East where pupils are expected to follow a longer day and get less time off. In a speech, he warned the current shape of the academic year was created to fit the needs of an agricultural economy, with pupils taking time of in October to help harvest. The lack of time spent in the classroom is particularly damaging to children from poor backgrounds, Mr. Gove said.
Some of the Government's flagship academies- state schools run independent of local council controls- are using their independence to reform the school day, he said. Some open at 8:30 am and expect children to remain until at least 4:30 pm to undertake sport, music and other extra-curricular activities. Other schools such as David Young Community Academy operate four-week summer holidays for fear that children suffer an academic fall during the traditional six-week break.
Mr. Gove said all schools should follow a similar model to enable the nation to catch up with education systems elsewhere in the world. But the calls are likely to infuriate (激怒) teaching unions who are fiercely protective of the six-week summer break which they claim is vital to allow staff to recharge their batteries.
Earlier this month, the National Union of Teachers actually called for a shorter school day. But addressing the Spectator Education Conference in central London, Mr. Gove said a “higher level of effort is expected on behalf of students, parents and teachers” in nations such as Singapore and elsewhere in the Far East.
He insisted the Government was changing teachers' pay and working conditions which meant they could be paid more for taking on extra duties, allowing heads to organize their staff “in a way to get more out of young people”
“The expectation is that to succeed, hard work is at the heart of everything,” he said. “If you look at the length of the school day and summer holiday in England- and we compare it to the extra tuition and support children are receiving elsewhere then we are fighting or actually running in this global race in a way without doubt we start with a significant obstacle (障碍)”
4. Which of the following is right according to the passage
A. Some schools in the UK have prolonged the school day.
B. A shorter school day helps employ more young teachers.
C. Teachers in the Far East long to have a longer holiday.
D. A longer school day makes no difference to poor children.
5. What may the National Union of teachers in the UK expect
A. A longer summer break. B. A longer school day.
C. A higher level of effort. D. A bigger input of tuition
6. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A. Hard work is at the heart of everything.
B. The length of the school day is disadvantageous to England.
C. England has lost the global race in education.
D. The government offers a higher pay to attract more teachers.
7. Where is the text most likely from
A. A work report. B. A notebook.
C. A biography. D. A newspaper.
C
Purchasing groceries online has typically been seen as a convenient way to shop for food without having to put on pants. But according to a recent study, shopping in your underwear may also benefit the environment.
According to the study, conducted by University of Washington engineers, grocery delivery services can cut carbon emissions (排放) in half, and possibly more. The reasoning is fairly straightforward: Packed trucks can provide groceries to many people in a single trip, thus removing many cars from the road. “A lot of times people think they have to inconvenience themselves to be greener, and that actually isn't the case here,” said Anne Goodchild, an associate professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering who worked on the study. “From an environmental perspective, grocery delivery services overwhelmingly can provide emissions reductions.'
By surveying Seattle residents about their grocery purchasing habits and analyzing the data they collected, the researchers determined that delivery trucks produced 20 to 75 percent less CO2 than the cars that would otherwise have been used to get groceries.
Why the difference The reductions were maximized in denser places, or when companies plotted efficient delivery routes that allowed them to hit many homes in one go. The difference between taking efficient routes versus a more random approach accounted for up to a 90 percent reduction in CO2 emissions alone, the study found.
“Indeed, it is not he delivery service that's green so much as it is the city itself,” says TIME'S Bryan Walsh. “The population density of Brooklyn is over 3400 per 8quare mile compared with a little less than 90 people per square mile for the U.S. as a whole. It can't be said enough: The greenest thing any of us can do is live in dense cities or at the very least, support policies that enable greater population density”.
8. Why is purchasing groceries online environmentally friendly
A. Because it saves people the trouble of putting on pants.
B. Because groceries are provided to many people in one go.
C. Because it makes people prefer living in a dense city.
D. Because people have to be inconvenienced to be greener.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why companies plot different delivery routes.
B. Why emission reductions rate differs so greatly.
C. Why less cars have been used to get groceries.
D. Why the population density of city is so different.
10. Which of the following may be a greener way of life
A. Driving your own car.
B. Shopping in your outwear.
C. Living in urban areas.
D. Inconveniencing yourself.
参考答案
湖南省岳阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几款能帮助你学习新东西的应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Quizlet部分的“Whether you’re brushing up on a language, gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or getting to grips with your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine—for free.(无论你是在复习一门语言、园艺知识和烹饪技巧，还是在掌握你最喜欢的文学经典，在线学习平台Quizlet可以让你访问超过3亿种不同的学习集，几乎任何你能想到的科目，而且是免费的。)”可知，这款APP可以帮助你几乎学到一切知识。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blinkist部分的“Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management sill, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and transform them into easy to consume 15 minute digests. (无论你是想开始一项新业务，提高你的管理水平，还是实现更好的工作、生活平衡，微型学习应用Blinkist从非小说文本中提取关键思想，并将它们转化为易于消费的15分钟摘要。)”可知，这款APP可以提取非小说文本最精彩的部分。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blinkist 部分的“Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management sill, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and transform them into easy to consume 15 minute digests. (无论你是想开始一项新业务，提高你的管理水平，还是实现更好的工作、生活平衡，微型学习应用Blinkist从非小说文本中提取关键思想，并将它们转化为易于消费的15分钟摘要。)”可知，这款APP可以帮助你平衡生活和工作；以及Remente部分的“Today, there are tools that can help you, like the mental health app Remente. Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, stress or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality.(如今，有一些工具可以帮助你，比如心理健康应用程序Remente。无论目的是改善心理健康，压力或个人或职业关系，Remente指导用户通过每一步，以使他们的目标成为现实。)”可知，这两款APP都会帮助你缓解工作压力。故选D。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿去南极洲的路程中成功穿越德雷克海峡，并最终看到了帝企鹅。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet. (它被认为是地球上最汹涌的海域。)”可知，要到达南极洲，船只必须经过一片以波涛汹涌著称的海域——德雷克海峡。划线单词notoriously为“臭名昭著地；众所周知地”。选项A“Frequently traveled. (经常旅游)”；选项B“Hard to locate (很难找到)”；选项C“Recognized negatively. (负面公认的)”；选项D“Aimlessly sailed. (漫无目的地航行)”。选择项C与划线词含义最为相似。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls of water thirty, sometimes forty feet high continually crashed about our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped to one extreme side, then to the other, and then back again. (三十英尺，有时四十英尺高的水墙，在整整两天的时间里，不断地在我们的船上撞击。我们会紧紧抓住船内的一根绳子，同时被猛烈地向一边倾斜，然后向另一边倾斜，然后又回到一边。)”可推断，德雷克海峡非常难穿越。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Within several hundred yards, little clusters of emperors, perhaps ten or so at a time, greeted us, sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises, sort of a nasally squeal. (在几百码之内，一群群的帝王企鹅，一次大概有10只左右，向我们打招呼，它们用肚子滑来滑去，发出美妙的声音，像是一种带鼻音的尖叫。）”以及第四段“And I will never forget the penguin that, when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters, pointed a wing in the correct direction. (我永远不会忘记，当我开玩笑地问那只企鹅回直升机的路时，它把翅膀指向了正确的方向。)”可推断，作者在描述帝王企鹅时，重点描述了这些企鹅的友好和有趣的行为。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over the course of our visit, we came to respect the power of that sea.(在我们的访问过程中，我们开始尊重大海的力量。)”可知，作者的这次南极洲之旅，使作者更加尊重自然的力量。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描写具有吸引力的黑人历史博物馆和历史遗址。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In Church Creek, Maryland, for example, a 1-year-old, 17-acre state-national park memorializes the place where Harriet Tubman was born and enslaved.(在马里兰州的Church Creek，一座占地17英亩的1岁州立公园纪念哈里特·塔布曼出生和奴役的地方。) ”以及The park was expected to draw 75,000 visitors its first year. However, it attracted 100,000. ( 公园第一年预计将吸引75000名游客。然而，它吸引了10万人。)”可知，作者举例子是为了说明人们对黑人历史关注热度持续上升。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We thought that might have the impact of gaining the public spotlight. Just the opposite(我们认为这可能会引起公众的关注。恰恰相反。)”以及“ It has jump-started more presentations of black history. (它开始了更多关于黑人历史的介绍。)”和“There are art museums everywhere, and there are history museums everywhere. I see it as really healthy that there will be African-American museums everywhere.(到处都是艺术博物馆，到处都是历史博物馆。我认为到处都会有非裔美国人的博物馆，这真的很健康。)”可知，Moore支持国家博物馆关于黑人历史的介绍。A项“支持的”符合题意。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“States also are spending money to promote civil rights tourism. 14 Southern state tourism agencies in January launched a website detailing stops on what they are calling the U.S. Civil Rights Trail. The South Carolina African American Heritage Commission last year created a “Green Book” mobile app. It includes 300 historic African-American sites in South Carolina.( 各州也在花钱促进民权旅游。1月份，14家南部州旅游机构推出了一个网站，详细介绍了他们所称的“美国民权之路”的停靠点。南卡罗来纳州非裔美国人遗产委员会去年开发了一款“绿皮书”移动应用程序。它包括南卡罗来纳州300处历史悠久的非裔美国人遗址。)”可知，各地都在努力地推广旅游业和对历史遗址的关注。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Black history museums and historic sites are thriving or growing forcefully across the South. They’re riding a wave of interest in African-American history that’s made a stunning success of the 2-year-old National Museum of African American History and Culture in the nation’s capital. (黑人历史博物馆和历史遗迹在整个南方正在蓬勃发展。乘着对非裔美国人历史的兴趣浪潮，在首都成立两年的非裔美国人历史和文化国家博物馆取得了惊人的成功。)”以及下文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述具有吸引力的黑人历史博物馆和历史遗址，因此推断D项“黑人历史旅游和博物馆吸引了关注。”为最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球和空间基金会的作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Foundation has previously given a fund to a group of explorers that used remote sensing to plan eco-tourism routes in the forests of Guatemala, thus bringing income to the local populations through tourism. This novel approach is now making the protection of the forests a reasonable economic decision.(该基金会此前向一组探险家提供了一笔资金，这些探险家利用遥感来规划危地马拉森林中的生态旅游路线，从而通过旅游业为当地人口带来收入。这种新方法现在使保护森林成为一种合理的经济决策)”可知，危地马拉项目的新方法可以在保护森林的同时给当地人口带来收入，这表明保护森林的同时也可以盈利。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It worked with the Syrian government and used GPS and satellite imagery to locate banks of earth, or ‘tels’, containing treasures and relics of ancient civilizations. (它与叙利亚政府合作，利用GPS和卫星图像定位藏有古代文明珍宝和遗迹的河岸)”可知，叙利亚项目中使用GPS和卫星图像来寻找埋藏在地下的古代物品。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besides, a Mars-like programme has been launched in one area in the Arctic, whose environment is similar to the Mars’, to test communications and exploration technologies in preparation for the human exploration of Mars.(此外，在北极的一个环境与火星相似的地区启动了一个类似火星的项目，测试通信和探测技术，为人类探索火星做准备)”可推知，地球上类似太空的环境可能有助于我们了解如何在太空中操作。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章第一段“There are many interconnected links between Earth and space exploration. The Earth and Space Foundation (基金会), was founded for the purposes of developing such links by field research and direct practical action.(地球和太空探索之间有许多相互联系。地球和空间基金会就是为了通过实地研究和直接实际行动发展这种联系而成立的)”、第二段“Projects that have been supported by the Foundation include environmental projects using technologies of space exploration: satellite communications, GPS, remote sensing, advanced materials and power sources.(基金会支持的项目包括使用空间探索技术的环境项目：卫星通信、全球定位系统、遥感、先进材料和电源)”和第三段“The Foundation funds many archaeological(考古学的) field projects, which reflect the contributions of the early civilization to astronomy(天文学) and space sciences. (该基金会资助了许多考古领域的项目，这些项目反映了早期文明对天文学和空间科学的贡献)”可推知，这篇文章主要介绍了地球和空间基金会的作用。故选B。
湖南省岳阳市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
A.篇 21-23CBB
B.篇 24-27CDDB
C 篇 28-31CACD
D 篇 32-35DABA
湖南省岳阳市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
本文是说明文。阐述了重庆女手工艺人肖杰通过利用逝去的亲人的衣服制作泰迪熊寄托思念的故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““My mother and some friends suggested that I use a sewing machine to reduce the heavy workload, but as a craftswoman, I insist on sewing every stitch by hand, Xiao says（肖说，我妈妈和一些朋友建议我用缝纫机来减轻繁重的工作量，但作为一名女工匠，我坚持用手缝制每一针）”可知，肖杰坚持手工缝制泰迪熊。故选B。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。上文Li is among hundreds of people who have discovered the healing needlework of Xiao Jie讲述肖杰的针线活治愈悲伤，因此推断划线句句意：她从一篇文章中得到了这个想法，这篇文章讲述了一个21岁的英国女人玛丽·麦克恩斯的故事，她用心爱的人的衣服制作泰迪熊，以帮助soothe失去的痛苦。治愈悲伤即缓解失去亲人的痛苦。故soothe与relief意思相近。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后两段中的“It is a good way to help them honor the memory of their departed loved ones”“ but as a craftswoman, I insist on sewing every stitch by hand, Xiao says, adding that she believes that hand-sewing can inject soul and life to her work.”“ during this extraordinary time, spreading the kindness to others really matters”可知，肖杰认为这是帮助人们纪念他们亡故的爱着的人的好办法，她坚持手工制作，认为手工缝制可以给她的作品注入灵魂和生命，制作这种手工艺品肖杰认为可以传播善意是真正重要的，因此推断她是技术精湛且富有同情心的。故选C。
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了英国想要延长学生在校时间，人们对此的看法和事情的利弊。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“all schools should follow the example set in the Far East where pupils are expected to follow a longer day and get less time off”可知，所有的学校都应该仿照远东的例子，延长学生的在校时间，减少放假和放学时间，再根据“Some of the Government's flagship academies- state schools run independent of local council controls- are using their independence to reform the school day”可知有些学校已经进行了改革，所以有些英国学校已经延长了在校时间，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But the calls are likely to infuriate (激怒) teaching unions who are fiercely protective of the six-week summer break which they claim is vital to allow staff to recharge their batteries.”可知，这种呼吁激怒了教师团体，他们强烈呼吁六个星期的暑假，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒第二段可知，延长在校时间要付加班费，根据最后一段可知学生要交更多的学费，可知延长在校时间在英国不利，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章引用了Mr. Gove说的话和观点，讲述了社会现象和利弊，可知这是一篇新闻稿，来自报纸，故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍网上购物的好处以及环保的理由。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The reasoning is fairly straightforward: Packed trucks can provide groceries to many people in a single trip, thus removing many cars from the road. “A lot of times people think they have to inconvenience themselves to be greener, and that actually isn't the case here,”“ 原因很简单:包装好的卡车可以在一次行程中为许多人提供食品杂货，从而减少了道路上的许多汽车。“很多时候，人们认为为了更环保，他们必须给自己带来不便，实际上这里不是这样的。””由此可知，网上购物之所以环保，是因为食品是一下子提供给很多人的。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段Why the difference The reductions were maximized in denser places, or when companies plotted efficient delivery routes that allowed them to hit many homes in one go. The difference between taking efficient routes versus a more random approach accounted for up to a 90 percent reduction in CO2emissions alone, the study found.( 为什么在人口密集的地方，或者当公司设计出高效的送货路线，可以一次送货到很多家庭的时候减少的差异最大。研究发现，选择有效的路线与选择更随意的路线之间的差别，仅就二氧化碳排放量而言,占90%。由此可知，该段讲述的是“为什么减排率相差如此之大。”故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中It can't be said enough: The greenest thing any of us can do is live in dense cities or at the very least, support policies that enable greater population density“说得再多也不够:我们每个人能做的最环保的事情就是生活在人口密集的城市，或者至少支持能够增加人口密度的政策。”由此可知，住在城市里可能是更环保的生活方式。故选C。
同课章节目录