牛津译林版(2019)必修第一册Unit 3 Getting along with others 单词详解 课件(64张ppt)

(共64张PPT)
M1U 3 Vocabulary I
1. on the rocks
1) (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃= in trouble
Our film industry is on the rocks.
2) （在酒吧）加冰块
I'll have a whisky on the rocks.
我要威士忌加冰。
on the rocks和with ice两者都有加冰的意思，不同处在于，on the rocks 常用在喝洋酒(烈酒如威士忌、伏特加或特别调酒（cocktail）时，而with ice则是用于可乐、汽水等“软饮料”。
2. awkward adj.
1) making you feel embarrassed令人尴尬的
There was an awkward silence.
You've put me in an awkward position.
你使得我左右为难，狼狈不堪。
2) not moving in an easy way (动作)笨拙的，不舒适的
He tried to dance, but he was too clumsy and awkward.
3) difficult to deal with 难对付的
an awkward customer
She smiled ______________.
He laughed to cover up his feeling of _____________.
awkwardly
awkwardness
3. sight n.
1) the ability to see; eyesight; vision 视力，视觉
lose one’s sight 失明
2) the act of seeing sb/sth. 看见
My husband faints at the sight of blood.
She ______________a car in the distance.(看见)
3) how far you can see 视野，视力范围
There was no one in sight.
Peace is now in sight.
(be likely to happen soon 可能即将发生）
out of sight 看不见，在视野外
caught sight of
4）[ C] a thing that you see or can see 看见（或看得见）的事物；景象
a rare sight 罕见的景象
sights 名胜，风景
out of sight, out of mind 眼不见，心不烦
on sight 一看见，一见到
disappear/vanish from sight 消失不见
come into sight 出现，进入视野
come in sight of 看见
4. origin n.
1)the point from which sth starts 起源，源头
the origins of life
This particular custom has its origins in Wales.
这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。
2) a person's social and family background 身世；出身
She never forgot her humble origins.
她从未忘记自己卑微的出生。
Two thirds of the students are of Asian origin.
亚裔
country/ place of origin 出生、原产国/地
original adj. 起初的；独创的；原作的
n. 原作，原稿，正本，原件
I think you should go back to your original plan.
an original idea 独到的见解
The original manuscript has been lost.
原稿已经遗失。
originally adv. 原来，起初
originate vi. 发源，起源 ；vt. 创始，创建 ~ the theory
originator cn. 创始者，发明者
originality un. 独创性，创意，独特构思
5. medium n. [Pl] media
1) a way of communicating information, etc. to people （传播信息的）媒介
the medium of radio/television 广播╱电视媒介
social media 社交媒体
2) something that is used for a particular purpose 手段,工具,方法
Video is a good medium for learning a foreign language.
录像是一种学习外语的好方法.
adj. the middle between 2 sizes, amounts, etc. 中等的，中号的
a man of medium height/build 中等身材的人
There are three sizes—small, medium and large.
6. make it
The flight leaves in 20 minutes ─ we’ll never make it.
准时到达
I’m sorry I won’t be able to make it on Saturday.
能够出席
He was told he had no talent and would never make it as a professional singer.
获得成功
The doctors think he’s going to make it.
幸免于难，渡过难关
7. recover
1) vi. 恢复健康，康复，痊愈
He's still recovering from his operation.
手术后，他仍在恢复之中。
2) vi. to return to a normal state after an unpleasant or unusual experience or a period of difficulty 复原，恢复常态
It can take many years________________(从…恢复) the death of a loved one.
The economy is at last beginning to recover.
经济终于开始复苏了。
to recover from
3) vt. to get back or find sth lost/stolen 找回,寻回
The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings.
警方最终追回了失窃的画.
4) vt. to get back the use of your senses, control of your emotions, etc. 恢复,重新控制
recover consciousness/sight 恢复知觉/视力
She seemed upset but quickly recovered herself.
她显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。
recovery n. 恢复；痊愈
made a full recovery from operation 术后完全恢复
make a remarkable/quick/slow recovery 恢复显著、迅速、缓慢
economic recovery
经济复苏
8. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的
a horrible crime/nightmare
骇人听闻的罪行；可怕的噩梦
horrible weather
糟透了的天气
horribly adv. 可怕地；极其，非常
9. respond vi.
1)（口头或书面）回答，回应
respond to sth with sth
用短信回复了我的信件
respond to my letter with a message
2) to do sth as a reaction to sth that sb has said or done 作出反应；响应
他们对这则消息有什么反应？
How did they ______________the news
这种感染对这些药物毫无反应。
The infection did not respond to the drugs.
respond to
response n. in response to sth…对…做出回应、响应
make no response to…
这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。
The product was developed in response to customer demand.
responsive adj. 反应敏捷的，反应积极的，反应热烈的
公司必须对顾客的需求作出积极反应。
Firms have to be responsive to consumer demand.
10. loss n. [U]失去，丧失；[C] 亏损；[c/u]去世;[sing] 损失
loss of blood 失血 weight loss 体重减少
The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses .
工厂倒闭会使许多人失业。
The company has announced net losses of $1.5 million.
The loss of his wife was a great blow to him.
他妻子去世对他是个巨大的打击。
Her departure ___________________the school.
她的离开对学校来说是一个巨大的损失。
is a big/great loss to
at a loss
1) not knowing what to say or do 不知所措；困惑
His comments left me ____________.
他的评论让我不知说什么才好。
I'm at a loss what to do next.
我对下一步做什么心里没谱。
2) 亏本地
We are now operating__________.
我们现在是亏本经营。
at a loss for words
at a loss
11. judge v.
1）vt. to give your opinion about sb, especially in an unfair of criticizing way评价，（尤指）批评
What gives you the right to judge other people
你有什么权利对别人评头论足？
don't judge a book by its cover勿以貌取人;勿只凭外表判断
2）vt/vi. to form an opinion about sb/sth, based on all the the information you have判断；断定；认为
You should never judge a person ___________their looks.
这次巡回演出被认为是大获成功。
The tour was judged (to be) a great success.
by/from
Judging by/from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.
依据…来判断
As far as I can judge, all of them are to blame.
依我看
3) vt. 审判，判决
judge sb. guilty/not guilty/innocent 判某人有罪╱无罪
4) vt./vi. to decide the result of a competition; to be the judge in a competition 裁判；评判；担任裁判
She was asked to judge the essay competition.
judge n. 法官；裁判员；鉴定人
judgement/ judgment n.
1) [U] 判断力，识别力
She showed __________________(判断力缺乏)when she gave Mark the job.
a decision based on__________________（良好判断力）
以良好判断力为基础的决定
2) [C/U]看法；意见；评价
He refused to _____________________the situation.
他拒绝对形势作出评价。
pass judgement (on sth.) (对…)发表批评意见
3) [C/U] 审判，判决
a lack of judgement
sound judgement
make a judgement about
12. in the wrong （在事故、错误、争论等中）有错，应承担责任
骑摩托车的人显然对事故负有责任。
The motorcyclist was clearly in the wrong.
two wrongs don't make a right
怨怨相报何时了；以牙还牙行不通
13. apologize v. 道歉，谢罪
apologize to sb for sth
apology [c/u]n.
demand/ accept an apology 要求道歉、接受道歉
make an apology (to sb) for sth 为某事（向某人）道歉
owe sb. an apology 需要向某人道歉
14. case n.具体情况，事例，实例；案件；诉讼；容器
in some/many cases 在某些/很多情况下
a classic case of poor design 蹩脚设计的典型例子
a murder case 谋杀案
to win/lose a case 胜/败诉
a pencil/jewellery case 铅笔盒/首饰盒
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in no case 绝不，无论如何都不
(just) in case … = because of the possibility of sth. happening以防，以防万一…
in case of sth. = if sth. happens 如果…,要是….
in that case 既然那样，如果那样的话
15. frank adj. honest and truthful坦率地,坦诚的,直言不讳的
be frank with sb.
be frank about sth.
to be frank 坦率地说
对于所发生的一切，他对她是完全坦白的
He was completely frank with her about what happened.
frankness un. 坦诚
16. trick
1） vt. 欺骗，欺诈
trick sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事
trick sb. ou of sth. 从某人处骗走某物
他骗我借给了他100英镑。
He tricked me into lending him ￡100.
cn. 诡计,花招,骗局;恶作剧;戏法,把戏;诀窍,窍门,技巧
play tricks on sb. 戏弄某人
a magic/card trick _____________________
The trick is to bend your knees as you catch the ball.
tricky adj. 难对付的,棘手的,难办的;(人)狡猾的,诡计多端的
魔术/纸牌戏法
17. ignore vt. to pay no attention to sth 忽视,对…不予理会
He ignored all the ‘No Smoking’ signs and lit up a cigarette.
他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示，点了香烟。
ignorant adj. (对某事物)不了解的,无知的,愚昧的
be ignorant of/about sth_________________
ignorance un. 无知，不了解
对…一无所知
18. suffer
vi. to be badly affected by（因疾病、悲伤、自然灾害、缺少某物等）受苦，受难，受折磨
He suffers from depression.
2) vt. to experience sth. unpleasant, such as injury, defeat or loss 遭受,蒙受
suffer huge losses/a defeat/an attack/ great pain
3) vi. to become worse 变差，变糟
Product quality suffers when costs are cut.
suffering/sufferings 疼痛，折磨，痛苦
sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者，患病者
19. contact municate with sb. by telephone or letter 联系，联络
I've been trying to contact you all day.
n. 联系，联络；接触
have much/little contact with sb
keep in contact with sb 与某人保持联系
lose contact with sb 与某人失去联系
make contact with sb 与某人取得联系
avoid eye/physical contact 避免眼神接触
Cn. 熟人,（尤指）社会关系
social/personal contacts
network of contacts
社会上的/私下的熟人
人脉关系，人际关系圈
20. explode
1) vi. (愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发
Suddenly Charles exploded with rage. 查尔斯勃然大怒。
2) vi. 爆炸 = blow up =go off
Bombs were exploding all around the city.
3) vt. 使爆炸
Bomb disposal experts exploded the device under controlled conditions.
炸弹销毁专家在受控条件下引爆了这个装置。
4) 突增，激增，猛增
the exploding world population
explosion n. 爆炸;爆发;激增
bomb/gas/nuclear explosion
the population explosion in India
explosive adj. 易爆炸的，爆炸性的；激增的；暴躁的
n. 炸药，爆炸物
21. generous adj.
1) 慷慨的；大方的
be generous with your time 不吝惜时间
be generous in giving help 乐于助人
be generous to the kids 对孩子很大方
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
2) 大量的，丰富的，充足的
a generous helping of meat 一大份肉
a generous amount of space 空间很大
3) 宽宏大量的
a generous mind 宽阔的胸怀
generously adv. 慷慨地
generosity un. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
他对穷人的慷慨令我影响深刻。
I’m impressed with his generosity to the poor.
an act of generosity 慷慨之举，慷慨的行为
22. count on/upon 依靠，依赖；指望
=depend on/ rely on
“I’m sure he’ll help.” “Don’t count on it.”
count on sb. to do sth.
count on (sb.) doing sth.
我就靠你帮助我啦。
I’m counting on your to help me.
几乎没人能指望一辈子都干一个工作。
Few people can count on having a job for life.
count v.
数数 count from 1 to 10
计算/清点总数 count up the guests
把…算入，包括
We have invited 50 people, not counting the children.
4) vi. 重要,有价值 = matter
第一印象真的很重要。
First impressions do count.
What counts is what they do with the money.
count for much/nothing 很重要，有价值/ 不重要，没有价值
5）看作，算作，认为 count … as…
我不在把他看做是朋友了。
I don’t count him as a friend any more.
I count myself lucky to have known him.
和他相识，我觉得很幸运。
don’t count your chickens (before they’re hatched)
不要高兴得太早
23. eat away at
1）to reduce or destroy sth. gradually 侵蚀，消耗，逐渐破坏
他的赌博正在逐渐消耗他们的收入。
His gambling is eating away at their income.
他不断的批评使她逐渐丧失了自信心。
His constant criticism ate away at her self-confidence.
2) 使某人担心、苦恼
24. shallow adj.
1）浅的 ant. → deep
a shallow dish 浅盘
the shallow end of the pool 泳池的浅水区
2) 肤浅的，浅薄的 syn. → superficial
a shallow argument 肤浅的论点
I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy.
我认为他浅薄、虚荣、不可信。
shallowly adv. shallowness n.
e between A and B 损害…之间的关系，离间
我不想让这种误解损害我们之间的关系。
I don't want this misunderstanding to come between us.
26. through thick and thin 同甘共苦，赴汤蹈火，不顾艰难险阻
His wife stuck faithfully to him through thick and thin.
他的妻子和他同甘共苦，对他坚贞不渝。
He’s supported the team for over ten years through thick and thin.
十多年来，在任何情况下他都支持这个队。
27. quality n.
1) [U] the standard of sth; how good or bad sth is质量;品质
goods of high/good/poor quality
improve the quality of life
2) [usu pl.] good character（尤指好的）人品，素质，品德
have leadership qualities 有领导素质
他具有医生所必需的个人素质，比如诚实、宽容。
He has the personal qualities necessary to be a doctor, such as honesty and generosity.
3) [C] characteristic, feature 特征，特点
the physical and chemical qualities of the rock
The drug's addictive quality is known to all.
毒品令人上瘾的特性众所周知。
adj. 优质的，非常好的
quality service 优质服务
quality furniture 高档家具
28. basis n. → pl. bases 基础；原因；基准
on the basis of 在某事的基础上，根据某事
on a regular/ daily/ weekly basis 定期地；每天；每周
The book was written on the basis of careful observations.
basic adj. 基础的，根本的 ~ principles/ information
base n. 底座；基础，根据；基地
vt.把…建立在…基础上; 把…总部设在…
base A on/upon B → A be based on/upon B.
base …. in…→ be based in
Their relationship was based on mutual respect.
29. respect
vt. 尊重，尊敬 respect sb. for sth.
n. 1）[U]尊敬，尊重 have/show respect for …
out of respect for … 出于对...的尊重
treat sb. with respect 尊敬地对待某人
2) [C] 方面 in this respect 在这个方面
in respect of/ with respect to 关于…,就…而言
with all due respect 恕我直言
send one’s respects to sb. 代某人问候某人
respectable adj. 体面的，值得尊敬的
respectful adj. showing or feeling respect 恭敬的,表示敬意的
They listened in respectful silence.
My parents are respectful to my independence.
respectfully adv. 恭敬地
respective adj. separate 各自的，分别的
go back to our respective homes
experts in their respective fields
30. get over
1) recover (从不快或疾病中) 恢复过来
It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death.
我过了很长时间才从她去世的震惊中恢复过来。
2) 解决，克服，控制
get over the problem = overcome the problem
get over your shyness
31. efficient adj. 效率高的，高效能的，有能力的
the efficient use of energy 能源的有效利用
an efficient secretary 效率高的秘书
ant. → inefficient 效率低的，无效率的
efficiently adv. 高效地
efficiency n. 效率，效能，功效
32. extra adj. 额外的，分外的，附加的
adv. 额外，另外；特别，格外
take extra care
额外小心
an extra ten minutes
多给10分钟
buy one get one extra for free
买一赠一
work extra hard
格外努力
33. bring out
1) 使显现，使表现出
Fatherhood seems to have brought out the caring side of him.
当了父亲以后，他呵护体贴的一面似乎表现出来了。
The dress really brings out the color of your eyes.
bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来
2）生产；出版
bring out a new album
34. measure v.
1) vt. 测量，度量
measuring cup/ tape/ instruments
量杯、卷尺、测量仪器
measure sb. for sth. 给某人量体裁衣
正在给她量尺寸做婚纱。
She is being measured for her wedding dress.
2）vt. 估量，判定（重要性、价值或影响等）=assess
教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。
Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results.
3) Linking verb. （指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为
The pond measures about 2 meters across. 这个池塘宽约2米.
这个尺寸为6*6米的房间将被用作我们的书房。
The room measuring 6 by 6 meters will be used as our study.
n. 度量单位；措施；评判标准，尺度
a measure of length 长度测量单位
precautionary/ preventive measures
take measures to do sth.
be a measure of….是对…的评判标准
Exam results are not necessarily a true measure of students’ abilities.
in full measure 最大程度低，最大限度地（回报所受之物）
They returned our hospitality in full measure.
他们最大程度低回报我们的款待。
for good measure 外加，额外
He sold me the car at a cheap price and included the radio for good measure.
他廉价卖给我这辆汽车，还额外奉送了收音机。
35. reflection n.
[U]审慎的思考，沉思
On/Upon reflection, I realized he was right.
2) [U] (光、热、声音等的）反射
the reflection of the sun
3) [C]映照出的影像
He admired his reflection in the mirror.
4) [C] a sign that show the state or nature of sth.反映,显示,表达
His speech was an accurate reflection of the public mood.
他的讲话是公众情绪的准确反映。
reflect v.
1) vi. 仔细思考
He had time to reflect on his successes and failures.
2) 反射（光、热、声音） White can reflects the heat.
3) 反映，照出（影像）
I can see my face reflected in the mirror.
4) 反映，显示，表明
The drop in consumer spending reflects concern about the economy.
消费支出的下降反映出人们对经济的担忧。
reflective adj. 能反光的
36. seek v. → sought, sought
1) seek to do sth.= try/attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
2) try to obtain or achieve sth. 争取，谋求
President Donald Trump is seeking re-election.
seek funding for a project 为项目募集资金
3) to ask sb. for sth. 请求，寻求
seek one’s advice/help/assistance 寻求某人的建议/帮助
seek legal/ medial advice 寻求法律、医学建议
4) look for 寻找 seek (for) a job
graduates seeking employment 求职的本科生
seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路，外出闯荡
37. escape v.
1) get away from 逃跑，逃脱，摆脱
He escaped from prison this morning.
2) avoid sth unpleasant or dangerous 避开,避免(不用被动)
escape death/punishment
He narrowly escaped being killed.
他险些丧命。
3) to be forgotten or not noticed 被忘掉；被忽视；未被注意(不用被动)
Her name escapes me.
escape one's notice 未被某人注意到
escape n. 逃跑，逃脱；逃避，解脱
I had a narrow escape.
我是死里逃生。
For her travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life.
对她来说，旅行是为了从乏味的日常生活中暂时解脱出来。
38. benefit n.
1)优势,益处
I‘ve had the benefit of a good education. 得/获益于良好教育。
The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.
2) （公司提供的）褔利，奖金；（政府提供的）补助金，救济金，津贴
medical benefits 医疗福利
unemployment/ housing /child benefit
families on benefit 领救济金的家庭
benefit v.
使受益 benefit sb.
得益于 benefit from sth.
beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的
be beneficial to
fort Vt.抚慰；宽慰
She comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring.
她安慰自己说春天很快就要来了。
n. 1) 舒服，舒适，安逸 ant. → discomfort
the comfort zone 舒适区
They had enough money to live in comfort in their old age.
他们有足够的钱舒舒服服地安度晚年。
2)（情感的）安慰，慰藉
take/draw comfort from (doing) sth. 从…中获得安慰
3) [sing.] 令人感到安慰的人/事物
The children have been a great comfort to me through all of this.
孩子们一直是我的一个巨大安慰。
4) [ C usually pl.] 舒适的设施（或条件）
The hotel has all modern comforts.
这家旅馆拥有各种现代化的舒适设施。
material comforts (= money and possessions) 物质享受
comfortable adj.
comfortably adv.
comforting adj.令人宽慰的 ~ words
With this comforting thought, Harry fell asleep.
40. recognize vt.
1)认识，认出，辨别出
I recognized her by her red hair.
2)officially accept or approve正式承认，认可
Lawrence's novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius.
劳伦斯的小说终于被认可为是天才之作。
3) admit or be aware of 承认，意识到
It was recognized that this solution could only be temporary.
人们意识到这只是个临时的解决方案。
recognizable adj.易被辨认出的
recognition n. 认识，认出；承认，认可；赏识，赞誉
change beyond/out of recognition 变得认不出来
seek international/ official recognition
He was presented with a gold watch in recognition of his service to the company.
他获得一枚金表，以嘉奖他为公司的效力。
作为对…的认可/嘉奖
41. company n.
1) [C]公司
2) [ U] the fact of being with sb else and not alone 陪伴,做伴
enjoy one’s company 喜欢和某人在一起
a pleasant evening in the company of friends
= in one’s company与某人一起
I‘ll keep you company while you’re waiting.
陪伴某人
3) [U] ( formal ) guests in your house 宾客,来宾
I didn't realize you had company.
companion n.同伴，伙伴
Judging by the company he kept, Mark must have been a wealthy man.
根据马克所交往的人来判断，他一定是位富翁。
She arrived in company with the ship's captain.
她与船长一起到达。
某人所交往的人，与之为伍的人
与…一起，与…同时
42. crowd
n. [C] 人群 a crowd of people 一群人
the crowd 民众，百姓，凡夫俗子
follow the crowd/herd 随大溜（含贬义）
vi.聚集，拥挤
We all crowded around the table. 我们都挤在桌子周围。
vt.挤满，使拥挤
Holidaymakers crowded the beaches. 海滩上挤满了度假者。
be crowded with ... 挤满了
42. admire vt.
1) 钦佩,仰慕 admire sb. for (doing) sth.
The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.
这所学校因教学优秀而广受称誉。
2) 欣赏
He stood back to admire his handiwork.
他退后几步欣赏他的手工制品。
admirable / dm r bl/ adj. 值得钦佩/赞赏的，令人羡慕的
admiration / dm re n/ n. 钦佩，欣赏，羡慕watch/gaze in ~
admirer / d ma r (r)/ n. 爱慕者，崇拜者
admiring adj. 赞美的,钦佩的(前置定语)cast sb. an ~ glance