(共22张PPT)
When was it invented
Section A 3a-4c
Unit 6
Amazing Chinese inventions
paper-making
造纸术
printing
印刷术
compass
指南针
gunpowder
火药
Other famous Chinese inventions
Tea
Alcohol
Silk
China
Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
3a
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
How tea spread to other countries
How tea was invented by accident
偶然；意外地
3a
Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was boiling water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented.
An Accidental Invention
本句为that 引导的宾语从句，其中从句主语是tea，而the most popular drink in the world (after water)是tea 的同位语。
It is said that … “据说……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。
fall into “落入；掉入”
相关短语：fall asleep 入睡； fall down 倒下；fall in love with爱上
smell ①可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词，意为“气味”。用作可数名词时，表示“某一种气味”。②及物动词，意为“闻到”，其后接名词或代词。③连系动词，意为“闻起来”，其后接形容词作表语。
3a
A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
【宾语从句】
①此处两句均为疑问词引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的引导词有that、if、whether、what、who、which、when、where、how、why等。
②宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
3a
It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.
national 形容词，意为“国家的；全国的；民族的”。
其名词形式为nation“国家；民族”，nationality“国籍”。
e.g. Our newspaper is a national newspaper.
我们的报纸是全国性的报纸。
take place 意为“发生；出现”。
【辨析】①take place表示必然性的“发生”或指根据计划或安排“举行”的，无被动语态。
②happen表示偶然性的没预料到的“发生”，无被动语态。
even though 引导让步状语从句
doubt 名词，意为“疑惑；疑问”，without doubt “毫无疑问；的确”。
动词，意为“怀疑；不相信”，其后可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。
【注意】无论doubt作名词还是动词，在肯定句中其后常接whether从句，在否定句中其后常接that从句。
Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
3a
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
How tea spread to other countries
How tea was invented by accident
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
3b
3. Who is called “the saint of tea”
___________________________________
1. When was tea first drunk
___________________________________
2. How was tea invented
___________________________________
It was first drunk about 5,000 years ago.
It was invented by accident.
Lu Yu.
n. 圣人，圣徒
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
3b
5. When was tea brought to other countries
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries and to England around 1660.
4. What is Cha Jing about
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
3c
1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was _________ by accident.
2. Tea was first ________ by Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago.
invent, drink, bring, produce, trade
invented
drunk
3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
4. Tea was ________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
5. Tea is now ______ between many different countries.
traded
produced
brought
Grammar Focus
When was the zipper invented
It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by
It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea
It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for
It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Active voice : Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
Passive voice : The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 及物动词的过去分词（ + by…）
否定句 主语 + was/were + not+及物动词的过去分词（+ by…)
疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词（+by …)
特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语+及物动词的过去分词（ + by...)
一般过去时的被动语态
2. 一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法
用法 示例
表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作，且句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者 The house was built in 1990.
这所房子建于1990年。
讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的执行者 He was honored with the name “ Father of Hybrid Rice”.
他被授予“杂交水稻之父”的称号。
①含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，通常把指 “人”的间接宾语变为主语，而指“物”的直接宾语则不变。
e.g. He gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book (by him) yesterday.
3. 含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态的方法
②如果要把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。
e.g. I brought him some food.
Some food was brought to him (by me).
③含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，要 将其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。
e.g. Jim asked Tom to go for a walk.
Tom was asked (by Jim) to go for a walk.
④ 如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，主动语态变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号 to。
e.g. We often heard Kate sing in the room.
Kate was often heard to sing in the room (by us).
1.They sold the fridge at a low price.
______________________________________________________
3. Where did you take these photos
______________________________________________________
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
______________________________________________________
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
4a
The fridge was sold at a low price.
My camera was stolen from my hotel room.
Where were these photos taken
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
______________________________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4a
We were advised not to go out alone by our parents.
The book was translated into different languages by different
writers.
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
You _____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
eat lock like ring invite break tell bring
were invited
were brought
4b
3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell.
4. The students ________ not to eat or drink in class. But Ruby _______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies _________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them.
was locked
rang
were told
broke
were eaten
liked
eat lock like ring invite break tell bring
4c
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
The telephone _____________(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell _______ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was born
worked
learned
was invented
is used
was said
Homework
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