山东省部分地区2021-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解专题（含答案）

山东省部分地区2021-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷分类汇编
阅读理解专题
山东省枣庄市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Do you want to be able to get around in a new country for a week or two Do you need to be able to talk with new friends or family members in their native languages Or are you required to master a language enough to work full time in a foreign country Well, MUAMA Enence is able to deliver all those things and a lot more!
MUAMA Enence is an instant translator created by two famous Japanese inventors. It can easily translate real-time speech and transform you into an able-communicator instantly using only a few finger-taps.
Comfortable & Easy to Use
With its lightweight design and small size, MUAMA Enence is easy to carry around in any pocket or bag and is right there when needed. Hence the name “handheld voice translator” that you will want to use every day!
Fair and Reasonable Price
MUAMA Enence is inexpensive. An experienced professional translator or interpreter can be costly, and you need to pay more than once. MUAMA Enence requires just a one-off payment for a huge selection of languages.
Perfect Sound Quality & Multi-Language Support
It is comfortable to use in crowded places as the sound is loud enough to be heard clearly. Its built-in advanced technology can support a 2-way language translation and so it supports over 40 languages. Moreover a text translation is also available.
1. What do you know about MUAMA Enence
A. It’s a human translator. B. It’s useful for overseas travelers.
C. It’s a language learning machine. D. It’s too costly for regular customers.
2. What makes MUAMA Enence get its name “handheld” voice translator
A. Perfect sound quality. B. Translating real-time speech.
C. Supporting over 40 languages. D. Lightweight and small size.
3. What type of writing is the text
A. An advertisement. B. A user guide.
C. A research paper. D. A news report.
B
On Nov. 7, 2020, Chris Nikic did something incredible. He became the first person with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) to complete one of the toughest athletic competitions in the world—the Ironman triathlon.
Nikic started the triathlon just before 6 a, m. on Nov. 7, entering the water in Panama City, Florida, for his swim. During the biking section his bike crashed and he skinned his knee. And during a water break, he was bitten by fire ants. But he never gave up. He finished the triathlon in 16 hours, 46 minutes and 9 seconds with just 14 minutes to spare before the cut-off time.
For two years, Nikic trained for the event, using a strategy he developed with his father which they call the “1% better each day principle.” Every day, Nikic and his father would strive to become one percent better. Nikic’s father said it works well for “a young man with Down syndrome.” On his website, Nikic outlines six strategies that helped him achieve his goal of completing the Ironman triathlon: Health (body), health (mind), friends (soul), focus on the positive, help someone else and pass it on.
Nikic originally started exercising in order to recover from ear surgery and get in shape. Now he has other goals: to live independently and one day have a big house and a nice car and to get married.
Training for the Ironman triathlon has helped make his dream come true. In fact, he recently bought a white Chevy and has been offered speaking gigs that may enable him to save up enough money to buy a house.
His next goals are to learn how to drive and he has been invited to compete in the US Special Olympics in 2022.
4 How did Chris Nikic perform in the triathlon
A. He won the first place. B. He had to give up halfway.
C He held on to the last. D. He finished at the cut-off time.
5. How did “1% better each day principle” affect Nikic
A. He could live a normal life. B. He made progress day by day.
C. He recovered from ear surgery. D. He got in shape eventually.
6. Which word can best describe Nikic
A. Unfortunate. B. Lucky. C. Strong willed. D. Talkative.
7. What can we learn from Nikic’s story
A. Life has ups and downs. B. All is well that ends well.
C. Hardship is the best training. D. It is never too late to change.
C
Fatigue can actually be considered a kind of poisoning. When a muscle in our body works, it produces lactic acid. If we remove the lactic acid from a tired muscle, it is able to start working again at once!
There are other substances the body produces in the course of muscular activity. These are known as “fatigue toxins.” The blood carries these through the body, so that the muscle itself, and especially the brain feels tired.
Scientists have conducted interesting experiments on fatigue. If a dog is made to work until it is exhausted and falls asleep, and its blood is then transfused into another dog, the second dog will instantly become “tired” and fall asleep! If the blood of a wide awake dog is transfused into a tired sleeping dog, the latter will wake up at once, no longer tired!
But fatigue is not just a chemical process, it is also a biological process. We cannot just “remove” fatigue; we must allow the cells of the body to rest. Damages must be repaired, nerve cells of the brain must be “recharged,” and the joints of the body must replace used up lubricants. Sleep will always be necessary as a way of restoring our body’s energy after fatigue.
Very often, the best way to make a tired body part feel fresh again is to make other parts of the body active! We can actually rest by means of activity. Activity increases the respiration (呼吸). The blood circulates faster, the glands are more active, and the waste products are eliminated from the tired part of the body. But, if you are totally exhausted, the best thing to do is sleep!
8. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the first paragraph
A. Fatigue. B. Lactic acid. C. The body. D. The tired muscle.
9. What does the author want to show by telling the experiments
A. Fatigue is a chemical process. B. Fatigue makes a dog sleepy.
C. Sleep can reduce fatigue. D. We cannot remove fatigue.
10. What might refresh yourself after a tiring walk
A. Having a blood transfusion. B. Doing upper limb movements.
C. Drinking plenty of water. D. Playing a football game.
11. In which part of a newspaper might you find this text
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Fashion. D. Sports.
D
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people in lockdown felt lonely and bored. “There is a loneliness epidemic,” said John Dattilo, a professor at Pennsylvania State University.
Together with an international team of researchers, Dattilo studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings during the pandemic. According to their new study, reducing loneliness has something to do with doing enjoyable activities that require both concentration and skill. “When people are absorbed in what they are doing, they enter a state called FLOW,” Dattilo explained. “Flow can be achieved by doing activities that we value and that require us to concentrate fully to use our skills.”
To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance between the challenge of the task and your skill level. For example, if you’re trying to create a complex computer program but your skill level is low, then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving flow. On the contrary, if the task is too easy, then boredom will set in and flow will not appear, either. If you have artistic skills, for example, playing the piano or painting can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you are.
“When we enter a state of flow, we become absorbed and focused, and we experience momentary enjoyment,” Dattilo said. “When we leave a state of flow, we are often surprised by how much time has passed.” However, watching television usually doesn’t help people enter flow, according to Dattilo, because there aren’t any challenges.
“Loneliness is very connected to our health,” Dattilo explained. “Psychological, emotional, and cognitive health are all challenged when people are lonely. Loneliness is associated with depression and other mental health challenges. People tend to thrive on healthy activities and challenge,” said Dattilo. “We hope this research will help people live fuller, happier, healthier lives.”
12. What is the purpose of the research
A. To study how to reduce loneliness. B. To fight the COVID-19 pandemic.
C. To treat some mental illnesses. D. To help people live a normal life.
13. What is a key point of the state of flow
A. Enjoyment. B. Relaxation. C. Concentration. D. Loneliness.
14. Which of the following can help a student get into a state of flow
A. Doing housework. B. Chatting online.
C. Watching television. D. Composing a story.
15. What do the underlined words “thrive on” mean in the last paragraph
A. Enjoy. B. Grow. C. Avoid. D. Balance.
山东省淄博市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Five Star Yellowstone Tour
Discover the world’s oldest national park, Yellowstone, on this grand wildlife tour. Our professional guides will give you a 5 star customer service experience on your all inclusive tour without any additional taxes or booking fees.
Starting at approximately 7 am, we will be rolling out the red carpet for you and all you have to do is to sit back and enjoy the ride. We provide snacks, bottled water, and cooked food for lunch. This tour’s main focus is on the wide variety of wildlife, Yellowstone’s rich historic landscapes as well as the fascinating prospect formed by the Yellowstone Supervolcano for over millions of years. Binoculars (双筒望远镜) are provided to help you appreciate the scenery better.
Whether you are an amateur photographer, a science or history enthusiast or just want to explore the outdoors, this tour has something for everyone. Our fun but professional guides will give you a first class tour in a very comfortable tour bus.
Tour snapshot
Duration: 10-12 hours
Taking Covid-19 safety measures: Click here
Hotel pickup offered
Group size: 9
Ticket type: Mobile
Available language: English
Book in advance
Scheduled date: Check availability
Total fees: $300 per adult (age 13-99); 40% discount (age 1-12)
Reserve now & pay later: Learn more
Free cancellation: For a full refund, cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the start date of the experience.
Now you’re all set! Have a great time.
1. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A website.
C. A scenery magazine. D. A travel report.
2. What can we know about the tour
A. It has both mobile and paper tickets.
B. It is a 9-people group with extra fees.
C. It offers snacks, breakfast, binoculars and hotel pickup.
D. It highlights wildlife, historic sights and volcanic scenery.
3. What should you do for the booking
A. Pay $180 per child for the tour.
B. Pay at once after your reservation.
C. Cancel within 24 hours for a full refund.
D. Consult the guide to check available date.
B
Calligraphy, in the DNA of Chinese culture, has been inherited(继承) by Chinese people from ancient times to the present, showing no signs of fading even today. Millions of modern Chinese show their respect to great ancient calligraphers by imitating model calligraphic books by ancient masters year in and year out. Among these artistic superstars, Su Shi stands out as one of the brightest.
Su Shi(1037-1101), alias Su Dongpo, was a famous writer, calligrapher, and painter of the Northern Song Dynasty. As a brilliant calligrapher, his artistic taste and calligraphy theory have profound influence on modern calligraphy learners, both professionals and amateurs.
The great significance of Su Shi’s calligraphy lies in his advocacy of yi(self-expression), which became a feature of Song calligraphy. Through yi, calligraphers can express their genuine feelings and bring forth a rich association of ideas. Regarded as the third most famous semi-cursive(行书) work in Chinese history, Han Shi Tie is Su Shi’s finest calligraphic one. The whole work seems fully controlled by the author’s emotions, thereby breaking many conventions.
His second theoretical belief was to capture the spirit of previous masters rather than rigidly imitating their forms. In learning from Yan Zhenqing, a great calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, Su Shi succeeded in capturing Yan’s spirit even though he ignored his calligraphic form.
Su Shi also put great emphasis on the importance of individuality. His artworks are like needles hidden within cotton—inward strength and outward softness.
Finally, Su Shi emphasized the importance of staying natural. He pointed out that the basic requirement in holding the brush is to leave the hand open and loose. A relaxed mind paired with a natural hand gesture will leave the calligrapher in the best mood for creating.
It is safe to say Su Shi will be admired by future generations. It is not only because of his remarkable calligraphy but his personality.
4. Why does the author mention “DNA” in paragraph 1
A. To show the influence of Su Shi. B. To introduce biological knowledge.
C. To tell us Chinese cultural background. D. To emphasize the importance of calligraphy.
5. What do the underlined words “rigidly imitating” mean in paragraph 4
A. Inflexibly copying. B. Directly applying.
C. Conservatively using. D. Properly creating.
6. Which of the following might Su Shi approve of
A. Ignore the traditions in calligraphy. B. Hold the brush tightly when creating.
C. Focus on forms instead of spirit. D. Adopt yi theory to express emotions and ideas.
7. What’s the best title of the text
A. The DNA of Chinese Culture B. A Bright Star in Calligraphy
C. Calligraphy in Song Dynasty D. The Most Outstanding Calligrapher
C
Monkeypox is a disease caused by a virus that is a relative of smallpox (天花). As the name suggests, it was first identified in monkeys, and is mainly confined to West and Central Africa. Monkeypox is usually mild, with most people recovering without treatment within 14 to 21 days. Initial symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, and exhaustion.
Monkeypox can be caught from infected wild animals in parts of West and Central Africa. This may occur if you are bitten or if you touch the animal’s blood. Monkeypox may also be spread by eating the undercooked meat of an infected animal. The virus doesn’t pass very easily among people. However, spread can occur via contacting with bodily liquids or getting close enough to others. Touching clothing, bedding or towels used by someone with monkeypox may also be a risk.
A vaccine (疫苗) called Jynneos is approved in the US and Europe for preventing monkeypox and smallpox in people over 18. Those who are old enough to have been vaccinated against smallpox as babies should also have some protection against monkeypox. When it comes to treatments, an antiviral drug is approved in Europe for monkeypox, smallpox and cowpox.
Any disease that spreads in animals and can be passed to people has potential to cause a new pandemic (流行病), if it becomes more deadly or more easily transmissible. Most people expect monkeypox can be controlled via contact tracing. It is also considerably less transmissible than other infections, like Covid-19, and already has vaccine and treatment options.
8. What does paragraph 1 talk about
A. The treatments of the disease. B. The seriousness of monkeypox.
C. The ways of avoiding being infected. D. The basic information about monkeypox.
9. What might be a cause of monkeypox
A. Touching infected people’s belongings. B. Making a trip to North Africa.
C. Being bitten by house pets. D. Eating cooked meat.
10. Why do people believe that monkeypox is controllable
A. No people need special treatment. B. We have enough vaccine against it.
C. There are effective ways to deal with it. D. It is impossible to become a new pandemic.
11. What can we infer about monkeypox
A. It is highly infective. B. It is less deadly than Covid-19.
C. It is merely spread via animals. D. It is caused by the smallpox virus.
D
The first attempt to mix visual arts and technology together dates back to the 60s’ when New York-based artists teamed up with scientists and engineers to deliver remarkable performances. Speaking of influential artists mixing tech and arts, Andy Warhol immediately comes to mind. He was among the first to create digital drawings on an Amiga computer in 1985.
When Covid-19 hit, the art industry struggled. About 95% of art-related events were canceled while 24% of organizations were forced to reduce staff. And yet, 65% of them are still managing to deliver content. Let’s see how technology impacts the art industry and helps it overcome the pandemic-induced challenges.
The artists try to use all kinds of technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robots, sensors and IoT, AR and VR to create. For example, artists Julian Adenauer and Michael Haas created a robot that moves around on a canvas (画布) leaving a colorful trail. This art piece is fixed on the wall of the Berlin Gallery. It is changing every day as the robot keeps moving around, adding color in response to Haas’s idea of creation, “the process of creation is ideally endless.”
There are issues that we need to address when using technology in the arts. For example, in online streaming, paying the intellectual property taxes became a complicated matter. Another concern is who owns the copyrights of AI-generated art. Despite these obstacles, technology widens our horizons whether we produce or simply enjoy arts. If you have an idea of bettering your studio, museum, or art research with technology, don’t hesitate to reach out.
12. What is Andy Warhol’s influence
A. He gave perfect performance in the 60s’.
B He could draw pictures without computer.
C. He was the first man to combine tech with arts.
D. He was a leading artist using digital technology.
13. What can we know from the figures in paragraph 2
A. The painting skills are developing rapidly.
B The employment rate is far below average.
C. The art industry undergoes great depression.
D. The work efficiency has been greatly improved.
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. How artists develop technologies. B. How high-tech assists art creation.
C. How to draw pictures on the wall. D. How to control AI robot.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards using tech in art
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uncertain. D. Objective.
山东省烟台市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末学业水平诊断考试英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation （DSWF） is delighted to welcome faithful supporters and new friends to join us at our annual Wildlife Ball to celebrate the natural world and conservation. Hosted by the grand Dorchester Hotel in London, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place on the 27th July 2022 where we'll bring the wilderness to life with our very own Sundown Safari（观赏之旅）.
Join a black-tie gastronomical （美食）safari
As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three- course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF's conservation work to turn the tables on extinction.
The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness for our essential work, protecting endangered species and their habitats across the world. After a year away we are excited to be welcoming you back and look forward to being your guides at what promises to be a night to remember in support of wildlife.
Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised over 80, 000 for DSWF's vital conservation efforts across Africa and Asia, despite not being able to celebrate in person. We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future.
Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2022
Book tickets or register your interest today to avoid disappointment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball@davidshepherd. org or by calling the DSWF office on 01483 272323.
Individual Tickets: 200（Children under 12 get 40% off）
VIP packages are available on request.
21. What do we learn about Wildlife Ball 2022
A. It'll be held in the wild.
B. It'll offer guests a delicious meal.
C. It'll allow guests to watch ball games.
D. It'll be followed by a guided tour of London.
22. What's the main purpose of hosting Wildlife Ball 2022
A. To entertain sponsors.
B. To establish reputation.
C. To obtain financial support.
D. To interact with wild animals.
23. What's the admission fee for a couple with their ten-year-old twins
A. 440. B. 520. C. 560. D. 640.
B
At Girls Build summer camp in Oregon, girls are learning how to use power tools like saws and drills. The camp is filled with construction excitement. Wearing hard hats and tool belts（腰 带）wrapped twice around their tiny waists， girls are working on everything from pouring concrete planters to covering the roof of a sandbox. With every project they turn a pile of raw material into an actual structure.
Hughes, the camp's director, says the girls can produce professional-quality products. She is a carpenter（木匠） with a degree in social work. While she’d like to see more women in the trade and the gender （性别） imbalance even out， she says more than any future career， it’s a sense of mastery and fearlessness the instructors are trying to pass along to the kids. “If something breaks, I want them to have the confidence to open that up, ” Hughes says. “It's our mission and objective to inspire curiosity and confidence in girls through the world of building. ”
Alifanz, who sent her 8-year-old twins to Girls Build, says, “There's not nothing they can't do, but there's nothing they can't try. And that's a lot for them to take away in a week. ” Knowledge like that changes how they see the world built around them and they show appreciation of the actual effort that goes into making the world work.
But other parents ask the obvious question-is pairing pre-tweens and power tools a good idea Hughes stresses Girls Build is very concerned with safety, and instructors consider girls' ages when pairing them with tools.
9-year-old Aleeyah takes pride in mastering these practical skills many adults are lacking. “I like it when you can be your own self, and it brings out who you really are, "says Aleeyah.
These girls are learning many things can be built, taken apart, and put back together. They don't have to fit themselves into the designed world-they can build a world that fits them. And that knowledge is a pretty powerful tool to have in their belts.
24. Why are girls taught hands-on building skills in the camp
A. To enhance girls' social position.
B. To boost girls' faith in their capacity.
C. To stimulate girls' interest in woodwork.
D. To prepare girls for construction-related jobs.
25. What is the major concern of some parents about the camp
A. Service. B. Expense. C. Security. D. Discipline.
26. What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Knowledge is power.
B. It's never too late to mend.
C. There's no such thing as a free lunch.
D. One must first sharpen one's tools to do good work.
27. What is the text most likely from
A. A fictional novel.
B. A career guidebook.
C. A project handbook.
D. A popular magazine.
C
Recently, a team of young researchers in Panama has found a special ant species that rapidly repairs any damage to its host tree.
The events leading to the discovery began in mid-2020, when Alex and his friends would kill time by shooting clay balls at trees with a slingshot （弹弓）. They targeted the thin Cecropia trees to make the task more challenging. Things went well until one clay ball accidentally hit a tree trunk, leaving a clean exit and entry wound.
Concerned that he had caused permanent damage, Alex went back to examine the tree the following morning， accompanied by his father William， an entomologist （昆虫学家）at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute （STRI）. To their surprise, the hole had been completely mended! Curious to find out what was going on, Alex and his friends enlisted in the STRI's volunteer program.
The teens, as instructed, drilled holes in the Cecropia trees and then carefully documented what followed. The young scientists found that in 14 of the 22 cases, groups of Azteca alfari ants immediately gathered in the damaged area and instantly got to work without a break. The industrious insects, using material from the trees, significantly reduced the size of the hole soon. In most cases, the gap was completely filled up within 24 hours.
The sand-colored insects' harmonious relationship with the Cecropia trees has been known for many years. The trees provide the ants with food and shelter. In return, the insects protect their leaves from plant-eating animals. However, their repair skills-which researchers suspect have been developed fixing damage caused by the sharp nails of the sloths that frequent the trees -had never been seen before.
“This project allowed us to experience first-hand all the complicated details behind a scientific study. It was really a great learning experience, ” said Alex.
Alex and his team, who recently published their findings, still have one riddle to solve. They aren't sure why the insects didn't repair all the holes. Understanding this selective behavior is something they hope to explore in the future-stay tuned!
28. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The fun of playing outdoors.
B. The cause of the new findings.
C. The intention of using a slingshot.
D. The reason for targeting the Cecropia trees.
29. With what kind of feeling did Alex return to check the tree
A. Curiosity. B. Optimism. C. Confusion. D. Uneasiness.
30. What does the underlined word “industrious" mean in paragraph 4
A. Grateful. B. Sorrowful. C. Hardworking. D. Impatient.
31. What problem does Alex expect to settle
A. Whether ants are expert at tree repair.
B. How ants fix damage to their host trees.
C. Why ants merely repair certain tree holes.
D. What relationship ants keep with the Cecropia trees.
D
As race season approaches, many runners have the same goal: go faster. But in a study published in the journal Current Biology, researchers show that speeding up might require us to resist our natural biology. By combining data from runners monitored in a lab along with 37, 000 runs recorded on wearable fitness trackers, scientists have found that humans' natural tendency is to run at a speed that conserves caloric loss-something that racers seeking to shave time off their miles will have to get over.
The research group have been studying the mechanics of running in labs for 15 years but hadn't gotten a chance to study running in the wild before. “We joined the two datasets to gain new insights and combine the more messy wearable data with the gold standard lab experiments to learn about how people run out, ”says co-author Jennifer Hicks.
What surprised the team was the consistency they found across the combined datasets. “We had assumed earlier that people ran faster for shorter distances and then would slow their pace for longer distances, ” says first author Jessica Selinger. But this wasn't the case. Most of the runners analyzed stuck with the same speed, whether they were going for a short run or a long one over ten kilometers.
From an evolutionary（进化）standpoint， it makes sense that people would run at the speed that uses the least amount of energy. This caloric conservation is something that has been observed across the animal kingdom. But humans' reasons for running have changed, and if the goal is speed, there are some tricks runners can use.
Listening to music with a faster pace has been shown to help speed up stride（步伐） frequency, which increases running speed. In addition, picking faster running partners can give you a boost.
Hicks hopes that having large pools of fitness data from wearables will help researchers gain insights about populations. “You can look at connections with the built environment and access to leisure resources and start to layer all of that data to really understand how to improve physical activity and health more broadly, " says Hicks.
32. What do the racers have to overcome during the race
A. Energy consumption.
B. Muscle loss.
C. Weakness of humanity.
D. Lack of nutrients.
33. What was the team's initial idea concerning running
A. People would run in the wild rather than in labs.
B. People adjust their speeds to different distances.
C. People run at a constant speed regardless of distance.
D. People possess enormous potential for running faster.
34. Why are “listening to music" and “picking partners” mentioned in paragraph 5
A. To offer tips on speed increase.
B. To evaluate the advantages of running.
C. To explain the importance of fast running.
D. To reveal the change in human running goals.
35. What's Hicks' attitude to the information obtained from wearables
A. Unclear. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Under Singapore's Vaccinated Travel Framework , all travellers including Singapore citizens and permanent residents arriving from all countries/ regions can enter Singapore without quarantine(隔离) ,testing or entry approvals if they meet the following requirements:
* Be a child born on or after 1 Jan. 2010- children who meet this criteria can enter regardless of COVID-19 vaccination status( 疫苗接种状态).
* Be fully vaccinated with WHO EUL vaccines if born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 (i. e. age 13 and above by year of birth). Mixed doses using these WHO EUL vaccines, and vaccination with recovery are also acceptable.
* Be vaccinated against Yellow Fever if you have visited Yellow Fever high risk countries /regions in Africa and Latin America- a valid Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is required.
Travellers born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 who do not meet the vaccination requirements above are considered non-fully vaccinated travellers. They will be subject to entry approvals, tests and quarantine. This includes travellers who:，
* Are medically exempted(免除) from COVID-19 vaccination.
* Took non-WHO EUL vaccines only , and did not take the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
* Recovered from COVID-19 but did not complete the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
Generally , non-fully vaccinated long term pass holders and short-term visitors are not allowed to enter Singapore unless in exceptional circumstances.
Click the orange button below for a detailed checklist of travel requirements.
21. Who can enter Singapore without entry approvals
A. A college graduate unvaccinated.
B. A ten-year-old boy from Australia.
C. A Singaporean infected with COVID-19.
D. A business man from Africa with Yellow Fever.
22. What will the non-fully vaccinated travelers do to enter Singapore
A. Get a long term pass.
B. Take non-WHO EUL vaccines.
C. Have physical examination on a regular basis.
D. Provide entry approvals and receive tests and quarantine.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A brochure.
B
Liang Kaiyu, a 30-year-old engineer, lost his left leg above the knee in an explosion when testing his self-built automatic electronic motor in January 2020. He used his engineering skills to make his prosthetic( 假肢的) leg more comfortable and powerful than a real leg.
“I have experienced some awkward moments while using the prosthetic leg, which has made me think about how to upgrade it. Liang says, “Security checks when traveling, especially at airports, can be a bit problematic; others include trying on clothes in fitting rooms, shoes at shopping malls, and changing from feet to a running blade before jogging.”Since late 2020 ,he has upgraded his high-tech prosthesis One of the latest upgrades is the addition of colored LED lights to his running blade.
He has become an overnight internet hit on short video streaming platforms for sharing his designs and upgrades on his high-tech prosthetic leg to make it close to ,or even better than, a real one, Liang says, “Although China has millions of amputees (截肢患者), people with a prosthesis are still a rare sight on the street. I hope my videos can be inspiring to people struggling through tough times, just like I have been through. Even a smile will make it worth it.
Since his optimism and courage made national headlines, Liang has gone viral on social media. On micro-blogging platform Sina Weibo , his story has gained more than 21 million views so far. Many users refer to him by the nickname “Iron Leg Man”. “What amazes me most is not your skills, but your confidence after such a disaster," a netizen named Modaren says.
To advance functional performance and help amputees maintain or regain their freedom of movement, Liang has provided his experience and suggestions to several prosthetics companies. “If there is a good opportunity ,I want to make high-tech prosthetics accessible and affordable to more amputees in China," Liang says.
24. What caused Liang to upgrade his prosthetic leg
A. His plan to run faster.
B. The quality of his prosthetic leg.
C. His enthusiasm for innovation.
D. The inconveniences from his prosthetic leg.
25. Why does Liang share his videos
A. To earn his living.
B. To attract more followers.
C. To encourage the people in trouble.
D. To show off his professional skills.
26. Which of the following can best describe Liang
A. Optimistic and confident.
B. Honest and courageous.
C. Determined and modest.
D. Considerate and humorous.
27. What can we learn from the story
A. Two heads are better than one.
B. It's never too late to do what you like.
C. What doesn't kill you makes you stronger.
D. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
C
Called “America's wolf", the red wolf is the only large predator whose historic range is found entirely within the United States , stretching from Texas to New England. But hunting gradually reduced its range，and it was declared extinct in the wild in 1980.
Recovery efforts in the wild began in 1987 on the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge. In a ground-breaking successful experiment, eight captive(圈养的) wolves were released this year into North Carolina, eventually growing into a population over 100, reaching a peak of around 120 wolves in 2012. But illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service resulted in their numbers plummeting.
In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups(幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn't go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.
To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.
The Service also recently announced it would withdraw a 2018 proposal to shrink(缩小) the red wolves' protected area in North Carolina by 90 percent, after a lawsuit accused the agency of going against the Endangered Species Act. Ron Sutherland of the Wildlands Network says it's crucial that the agency has abandoned this wrong -headed proposal, And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018- this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.
28. What does the underlined word “plummeting" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Promising. B. Declining. C. Multiplying. D. Increasing.
29. What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. The released wolves lived well.
B. The population boosted after the release.
C. The red wolf faced greater threat than before.
D. The released red wolves still needed protection.
30. What would the Service do to save red wolves
A. Shrink the red wolves' reserves.
B. Make a proposal to protect the red wolves.
C. Put some red wolves in some specific places.
D. Force the protected area into the state of emergency.
31. What does the text focus on
A. The protection of red wolves.
B. Challenges faced by red wolves.
C. Reasons for red wolves extinction.
D. The relationship between red wolves and humans.
D
Interspecies was once a technical term used in science to describe how one species got along with another, Now it is a word of more consequence: it arouses the new connections between humans and non-humans that are being made possible by technology. In Ways of Being, James Bridle, a British artist and technology writer, explores what this means for understanding the many non-human intelligences on Earth.
Mr. Bridle makes clear that three kinds of minds are now interacting: human, non-human and machine. Using artificial intelligence (AI) , machines will in future have the capability to interpose(使介入)themselves as translators between humans and other biological life forms.
It is true that profit is the main motive for advances in AI; as yet nature does not get much of a look in, and non-human intelligences go unexplored outside zoology puting is as focused on humans as ever, even as climate change and biodiversity-loss suggest it should devote much greater attention to other species.
The first step towards an interspecies future, Mr Bridle argues, is showing more appreciation for other forms of intelligence. To some extent, this is already happening. For example, through films and other initiatives many people now know that octopuses(章鱼) have an advanced and strange intelligence. The next step, Mr. Bridle declares, is recognizing that people live in a “more than human" world. Other intelligences have developed from a common evolutionary base , and they overlap(重叠) in ways that science is just beginning to discover.
Ways of Being would have benefited from sharper editing. Yet, in making clear the patience, imagination and humility required to better know and protect other forms of intelligence on Earth, he has made an admirable contribution to the dawning interspecies age.
32. Which of the following best illustrates the term “interspecies"
A. A wolf hunts a rabbit. B. A robot does housework.
C. A lady walks her dog. D. A boy records a video for squirrels.
33. What does AI lay emphasis on nowadays
A. Biodiversity. B. Other species. C. Humans. D. Climate change.
34. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The characteristics of species evolution.
B. Expectations for the future development of AI.
C. Suggestions on future exploration of interspecies.
D. The importance of appreciation for other forms of intelligence.
35. Which word best describes the author's attitude to Ways of Being
A. Skeptical. B. Favorable. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
山东省青岛市城阳区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷
第一节 （15个小题;每题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
There are a lot of museums in London. Of course, there are world-famous names like the British Museum and Natural History Museum. But then there are many tiny plain peculiar museums in every corner of the city.
18 Stafford Terrace
The Kensington address provides a chance to see a late-Victorian, middle-class home that has survived largely unchanged. The house was passed on from one generation of the family to the next and almost all the original decoration remains unchanged. The house closes during summer for maintenance.
Opening hours: 2pm-5. 30pm Wed, Sat, Sum
Brunel Museum
An exhibition celebrates the Thames Tummel as the birthplace of the tube system, and the Great Eastern steamship as the first modern ocean liner. The site is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and International Landmark Site above the oldest tunnel in the Underground, which tells the story of the men who worked in the dark, dodging flames and raw sewage every day. Opening hours: Daily 10am-5pm
The Cinema Museum
This collection of artifacts, memorabilia and equipment telling the history of cinema from the 1890s to the present is open by tour(advance booking required)while the museum raises funds to secure its future. Among the displays are cinema seats and signs, stills and posters, projectors and other machinery.
Opening hours: 1lam-5pm Mon-Fri by appointment only
Dennis Severs' House
Dennis Severs' House is a time capsule attraction in which visitors are immersed in a unique form of theatre. The tour takes you through the cellar, kitchen, dining room, smoking room and upstairs to the bedrooms. It feels as though the inhabitants had deserted the rooms only moments before. The Dennis Severs House tour is unsuitable for children as tours are conducted in silence.
Opening hours: Wed, Fri 5pm-9pm
21. If you are interested in the life of Victorian, which museum should you choose to visit
A. 18 Stafford Terrace. B. Brunel Museum.
C. The Cinema Museum. D. Dennis Severs' House.
22. What are you required to do before visiting The Cinema Museum
A. Learn the history of cinema. B. Book ahead.
C. Raise money. D. Collect posters.
23. What do the listed museums have in common
A. They are world-famous. B. They are accessible on Wednesday.
C. They feature tube system. D. They are suitable for children.
B
Earth Day is April 22. Every year, people around the world observe the day by helping to care for the environment. They carry out all kinds of activities in an effort to better the planet's heath
One way to support this goal is to grow plants native to your area. This helps wildlife like birds and insects that evolved alongside native plants. For many of these animals, plant pollen （花粉） is their food. Native pollinators often cannot recognize non-native plants as food. This means they do not collect the pollen or spread plants' seeds. Planting non-native species creates so-called "food deserts" for pollinators including bees, birds, bats, butterflies and more.
Doug Taamy is a professor of entomology at the University of Delaware. Entomology is the study of insects. He found that non-native plant species can harm the natural food chain, , which can lead to a collapse of the environment. "Plant choice matters, "he said. "The plants we choose to landscape our properties should be determined by how much life can live there. "
Humans depend strongly on insects. Without them, we would have no flowering plants, which would harm the food web that supports important animals. Birds, for example, depend on plants for food and spread their seeds while keeping the populations of harmful insects down.
Insects support plants that provide oxygen, clean our water, capture carbon and add nutrients to the soil. That builds topsoil and prevents flooding. Without insects, the biosphere-the living parts of the Earth-would rot because of the loss of insect decomposers. Humans simply could not survive that, Tallamy said.
In addition to providing food and habitat for insects and other wildlife, native plants are able to grow easily and do not require much care. That means less watering and less fertilizing. The situation is a win-win for gardeners and pollinators.
24. Which section of a website is the text probably taken from
A. Around the globe. B. Technology report. C. The secret of nature. D. Healthy Lifestyle.
25. Why should we avoid planting non-native species
A. They attract more insects. B. They do harm to native plants.
C. They turn soil into desert. D. They break the balance of nature.
26. In what aspect are native plants superior to non-native plants
A. They produce more oxygen. B. They prevent flooding more effectively.
C. They need less care. D. They add more nutrients to the soil.
27. What does the author advise us to do
A. Take effective measures to protect insects.
B. Raise environmental awareness on Earth Day.
C. Make great effort to better the planet's health.
D. Plant native plants to support local environment.
C
When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren't interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.
Scientists have looked at what makes us distract and found a number of ways to help us Stay in the zone. One of the most obvious things is eliminating noise. Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration. It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.
Another possible cure for a short attention span （持续时间） is brain training. Psychologists are increasingly interested in our ability to get down to business and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that "Attention Researcher NiliLavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions. "So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.
There are more practical tips on keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you're not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It's possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
But according to Science Focus magazine, "if we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we'd miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival. "
28. What do the underlined words "stay in the zone" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Stay focused. B. Keep steady. C. Stay calm. D. Be careful.
29. How can we extend attention span
A. To do visual task. B. To make the task easier.
C. To train processing distraction. D. To keep your mind busy.
30. What information does the last paragraph convey
A. It's hard to get rid of distraction. B. Distraction isn't all bad.
C. Staying focused can avoid dangers. D. Being sensitive to changes is important.
31. Why does the author write this passage
A. To discuss the phenomenon of daydreaming.
B. To show the harm of distraction.
C. To offer help in keeping concentrated.
D. To introduce the newest study results.
D
Handing power tools over to young students could result in some disastrous situations. But if those tools are combined with effective supervision and teaching, the students can learn valuable new skills and might even find a new career path.
One such program, in Washington, D. C. , aims to teach woodworking and finished carpentry skills to teens and young adults. It includes a woodshop, completely housed inside a truck, which acts as a kind of "classroom on wheels. "
The Mobile Woodshop program was started by the nonprofit Zenith Community Arts Foundation. Margery Goldberg, Zenith's director, is an artist, wood sculptor, She had long dreamed of creating a mobile woodshop to asst students. That dream finally came true in 2020, when the city gave her. a large grant for the program. Goldberg believes woodshop programs can help prepare the next generation of woodworkers.
Students at Ballou can learn the same skills as a beginning carpenter would. 'These include cutting, marking, measuring, nailing and how to use different tools. The truck is equipped with all the instructional materials and tools necessary to operate as a complete mobile classroom. Mobile workstations are also available so students can work on projects outside the truck.
If students pass the class, they can seek to enter the union apprenticeship（学徒） program Instead of a usual four-year apprenticeship, graduates of the mobile woodshop can finish in less time.
Joe Largess is a teacher at the woodshop. He said much of the class centers on teaching students "soft skills" These are skills that are desirable in all jobs, such as teamwork, being able to follow instructions and arriving to work on time. Students also learn basic skills like math and how to read a ruler.
Largess said the class at Ballou seeks" to help some people who wouldn't have the chance to even get into the apprenticeship program, and give them a leg up. "That, he added, can "hopefully help them with a better future. "
32. Why did Margery Goldberg start the program
A. To help adults find jobs.
B. To get grant from the government.
C. To assist students for the future career.
D. To spread the art of wood sculpture.
33. How does the program run
A. The local carpenters' union is in charge of teaching.
B. Students learn on the truck all the time.
C. Students begin from the basic skills of carpentry.
D. Students can enter the union apprenticeship program directly.
34. What can be learned from Joe Largess's words
A. Basic skills for all jobs are the center of teaching.
B. Students at the class are slow learners.
C. The class helps people prepare for the future.
D. The apprenticeship program is not ft for students at Ballou.
35. Which is a suitable title for the text
A. Classroom on Wheels B. Skills for a Better Future
C. Learning to Find a Good Job D. Margery Goldberg, an Artist and Wood Sculptor
参考答案
山东省枣庄市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一种即时翻译设备MUAMA Enence。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段首句“Do you want to be able to get around in a new country for a week or two (你想在一个陌生的国家四处转转一两个星期吗？)”和最后一句“Well, MUAMA Enence is able to deliver all those things and a lot more!(好吧，MUAMA Enence能够提供所有这些东西，以及更多！)”以及第二段中“It can easily translate real-time speech and transform you into an able-communicator instantly using only a few finger-taps.(它可以轻松地翻译实时语音，只需几下手指点击，就能把你瞬间变成一个优秀的沟通者)”可知，MUAMA Enence是一个实时翻译设备，对海外游客很有用。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Comfortable & Easy to Us部分中“With its lightweight design and small size, MUAMA Enence is easy to carry around in any pocket or bag and is right there when needed. Hence the name ‘handheld voice translator’ that you will want to use every day!(其轻巧的设计和小巧的体积，MUAMA Enence很容易用任何口袋或包携带，需要的时候就在那里。因此得名‘掌上语音翻译’，你会想要每天使用！)”可知，MUAMA Enence是因其重量轻和体积小而得名“掌上语音翻译”，故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Well, MUAMA Enence is able to deliver all those things and a lot more!(好吧，MUAMA Enence能够提供所有这些东西，以及更多！)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个即时翻译设备MUAMA Enence，包括其外观设计、价格和使用性能，所以本文是一篇广告。故选A项。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了了2020年11月7日，第一个完成世界上最难的运动比赛之一——铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者克里斯·尼克奇。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“But he never gave up. He finished the triathlon in 16 hours, 46 minutes and 9 seconds with just 14 minutes to spare before the cut-off time. (但他从未放弃。他以16小时46分9秒的成绩完成了三项全能比赛，离比赛截止时间只剩14分钟了。)”可知，尼克奇没有放弃，坚持到了最后，也完成了比赛。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段前三句“For two years, Nikic trained for the event, using a strategy he developed with his father which they call the ‘1% better each day principle.’ Every day, Nikic and his father would strive to become one percent better. Nikic’s father said it works well for ‘a young man with Down syndrome.’ (两年时间里，尼克奇一直在为这项赛事进行训练，他使用的是他和父亲一起制定的策略，他们称之为‘每天提高1%的原则’。每一天，尼克奇和他的父亲都会努力变得（比前一天）好百分之一。尼克奇的父亲说，它对‘一个患有唐氏综合症的年轻人’很有效。)”可知，这个“每天提高1%的原则”，对于尼克奇这个唐氏综合症患者的健康很有用，尼克奇每天都有进步。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“For two years, Nikic trained for the event, using a strategy he developed with his father which they call the ‘1% better each day principle.’ (两年时间里，尼克奇一直在为这项赛事进行训练，他使用的是他和父亲一起制定的策略，他们称之为‘每天提高1%的原则’。)”可知，为了赛事，坚持2年天天有进步，尼克奇是个有毅力的人。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“On Nov. 7, 2020, Chris Nikic did something incredible. He became the first person with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) to complete one of the toughest athletic competitions in the world—the Ironman triathlon. (2020年11月7日，克里斯·尼克奇做了一件不可思议的事。 他成为了第一个完成世界上最难的运动比赛之一——铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者。)”，以及倒数第三段“Nikic originally started exercising in order to recover from ear surgery and get in shape. Now he has other goals: to live independently and one day have a big house and a nice car and to get married. (尼克奇最初开始锻炼是为了从耳部手术中恢复过来并保持体型。现在他有了其他的目标：独立生活，有一天拥有大房子和好车，然后结婚。)”，最后第二段“Training for the Ironman triathlon has helped make his dream come true. (参加铁人三项的训练帮助他实现了梦想。)”，最后一段“His next goals are to learn how to drive and he has been invited to compete in the US Special Olympics in 2022. (他的下一个目标是学习开车，他已经被邀请参加2022年美国特奥会。)”可知，饱受唐氏综合症困苦的尼克奇，本来参加锻炼只是为了锻炼身体，为了目标，迎难而上，不懈的努力促使他一路都有了梦想。A. Life has ups and downs. (人生有起有落。)；B. All is well that ends well. (结果好，就一切都好)；C. Hardship is the best training. (苦难是最好的训练) ；D. It is never too late to change. (改变永远不嫌晚。)。可知，C项最贴切本文内涵。故选C项。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了疲劳事实上可以被视为一种中毒，人们可以通过活动来让疲惫的身体再次感到精力充沛，但是最好的办法是睡觉。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“When a muscle in our body works, it produces lactic acid. If we remove the lactic acid from a tired muscle, it is able to start working again at once! (当我们体内肌肉工作时，它会产生乳酸。如果我们去除疲劳肌肉中的乳酸，它就能立即开始工作)”可知，当肌肉工作时，会产生乳酸，去除疲劳肌肉中的乳酸后，疲劳的肌肉就能立即开始工作，it指代的是疲劳的肌肉。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“If a dog is made to work until it is exhausted and falls asleep, and its blood is then transfused into another dog, the second dog will instantly become “tired” and fall asleep! If the blood of a wide awake dog is transfused into a tired sleeping dog, the latter will wake up at once, no longer tired!(如果让一只狗一直工作到筋疲力尽并睡着，然后将它的血液输给另一只狗，第二只狗会立即“疲劳”并睡着！如果把一只完全清醒的狗的血输给一只疲惫的睡着的狗，后者会立刻醒来，不再疲倦)”以及第四段“But fatigue is not just a chemical process,(但疲劳不仅仅是一个化学过程)”可知，作者通过介绍实验是为了展示疲劳是一个化学过程。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Very often, the best way to make a tired body part feel fresh again is to make other parts of the body active!(很多时候，让疲惫的身体部位再次感到精力充沛的最好方法是让身体的其他部位活跃起来！)”可知，走了一段路之后，活动身体的其他部位，即做上肢运动，可以使你恢复精神。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fatigue can actually be considered a kind of poisoning.(疲劳实际上可以被视为一种中毒)”、第五段“Very often, the best way to make a tired body part feel fresh again is to make other parts of the body active!(很多时候，让疲惫的身体部位再次感到精力充沛的最好方法是让身体的其他部位活跃起来！)”以及“But, if you are totally exhausted, the best thing to do is sleep!(但是，如果你完全筋疲力尽，最好的办法就是睡觉！)”可知，本文主要介绍了疲劳事实上可以被视为一种中毒，人们可以通过活动来让疲惫的身体再次感到精力充沛，但是最好的办法是睡觉，推测文章可能出自报纸的健康部分。故选B项。
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在新冠疫情期间，由于封控导致人们出现了孤独感，Dattilo和他的研究团队通过研究发现，做一些具有挑战性和技巧性的活动可以使人达到愉悦的境界，从而进入一种叫做“心流”的状态，减少孤独感。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Together with an international team of researchers, Dattilo studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings during the pandemic.(Dattilo与一个国际研究团队一起研究了疫情期间如何减少孤独感，增加积极情绪)”可知，这项研究的是研究如何减少孤独感。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Flow can be achieved by doing activities that we value and that require us to concentrate fully to use our skills. (心流以通过做我们重视的活动来实现，这些活动需要我们全神贯注地使用我们的技能)”可知，“心流”状态的关键是全神贯注。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you have artistic skills, for example, playing the piano or painting can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you are.(如果你有艺术技能，例如，弹钢琴或绘画可以导致心流。滑雪、写作和讲故事也可以，这取决于你是谁)”并结合选项可知，写故事可以帮助学生进入心流状态。故选D项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语前一句“Loneliness is associated with depression and other mental health challenges.(孤独与抑郁和其他心理健康挑战有关)”可知，孤独可能导致消极的心理状态，结合划线短语后“healthy activities and challenge(健康的活动和挑战)”可知，人们应是倾向于享受健康的活动和挑战之中，thrive on意为“享受其中，以……为乐”。故选A项。
山东省淄博市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了五星级黄石之旅的具体细节和注意事项。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Tour snapshot部分中的“Taking Covid-19 safety measures: Click here (采取新冠肺炎安全措施：点击此处)”可知，这篇文章可能来自一个网站。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This tour’s main focus is on the wide variety of wildlife, Yellowstone’s rich historic landscapes as well as the fascinating prospect formed by the Yellowstone Supervolcano for over millions of years. (本次游览的重点是种类繁多的野生动物、黄石公园丰富的历史景观以及黄石超级火山数百万年来形成的迷人前景)”可知，关于这次旅行我们能知道它突出了野生动物、历史景观和火山景观。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Total fees: $300 per adult (age 13-99); 40% discount (age 1-12) (总费用：每位成人300美元（13-99岁）；40%折扣（1-12岁）)”可知，你应该为预订做的事情是为每个孩子支付300×(1-40%)=180美元。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国书法界的耀眼巨星苏轼及他的书法理论。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Calligraphy, in the DNA of Chinese culture, has been inherited(继承) by Chinese people from ancient times to the present, showing no signs of fading even today.(书法，在中国文化的DNA中，从古至今被中国人传承，即使在今天也没有褪色的迹象。)”可知书法是中国文化不可或缺的一部分，所以作者提到DNA就是为了强调书法在中国文化中的重要性。故选D项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“His second theoretical belief was to capture the spirit of previous masters(他的第二个理论信念是汲取前人的精神)”以及“In learning from Yan Zhenqing, a great calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, Su Shi succeeded in capturing Yan’s spirit even though he ignored his calligraphic form.(苏轼在学习唐代大书法家颜真卿的过程中，尽管苏轼忽略了颜真卿的书法形式却成功地捕捉到了他的精神。)”可知苏轼认为在学习前人的书法时主张要善于捕捉前人通过书法所传递的精神，而不是简单地刻意模仿。故此处的划线部分rigidly imitating意思与A项Inflexibly copying意思相近。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The great significance of Su Shi’s calligraphy lies in his advocacy of yi(self-expression), which became a feature of Song calligraphy.(苏轼书法的重大意义在于他对“意”的倡导，这成为宋代书法的一个特点。)”可知，苏轼赞同通过“意”理论来表达情感和思想。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Among these artistic superstars, Su Shi stands out as one of the brightest.(在这些艺术巨星中，苏轼是最耀眼一个。)”以及最后一段“It is safe to say Su Shi will be admired by future generations. It is not only because of his remarkable calligraphy but his personality.(可以肯定地说，苏轼将为后人所敬仰。这不仅是因为他出色的书法，还因为他的个性。)”及文章的第三、四、五和六段都是在讲苏轼的书法理论，所以文章主要是围绕着苏轼这位书法界的耀眼巨星展开的。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传染病猴痘的基本情况以及预防这种传染病的一些应对措施。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Monkeypox is a disease caused by a virus that is a relative of smallpox(天花). As the name suggests, it was first identified in monkeys, and is mainly confined to West and Central Africa. Monkeypox is usually mild, with most people recovering without treatment within 14 to 21 days. Initial symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, and exhaustion.(猴痘是一种由天花的亲属病毒引起的疾病。顾名思义，它最初是在猴子身上被发现的，主要局限于西非和中非。猴痘通常是轻微的，大多数人在不接受治疗的情况下14到21天内恢复。最初的症状包括发烧、头痛、肌肉疼痛、背痛和疲惫)”可知，第一段主要介绍了猴痘名称的来历、发病地区以及症状等情况，即猴痘的基本情况。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, spread can occur via contacting with bodily liquids or getting close enough to others. Touching clothing, bedding or towels used by someone with monkeypox may also be a risk.(然而，传播可以通过接触体液或足够接近他人而发生。触摸猴痘患者使用的衣服、床上用品或毛巾也可能有风险)”可知，接触感染者的衣物可能是得上猴痘的原因。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“A vaccine (疫苗) called Jynneos is approved in the US and Europe for preventing monkeypox and smallpox in people over 18. Those who are old enough to have been vaccinated against smallpox as babies should also have some protection against monkeypox. When it comes to treatments, an antiviral drug is approved in Europe for monkeypox, smallpox and cowpox.(一种名为Jynneos的疫苗在美国和欧洲获得批准，用于预防18岁以上人群的猴痘和天花。 那些在婴儿时期接种过天花疫苗的人也应该对猴痘有一定的保护。在治疗方面，一种抗病毒药物在欧洲被批准用于猴痘、天花和牛痘)”可知，人们认为猴痘是可控的关键是因为已经有了一些相关的应对措施。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is also considerably less transmissible than other infections, like Covid-19, and already has vaccine and treatment options. (它的传染性也比Covid-19等其他传染病低得多，而且已经有了疫苗和治疗选择)”可知，猴痘不像新冠那么致命。故选B项。
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍利用技术进行艺术创作的例子及其优点与不足。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的最后两句“Speaking of influential artists mixing tech and arts, Andy Warhol immediately comes to mind. He was among the first to create digital drawings on an Amiga computer in 1985.”（谈及融合技术与艺术的有影响力的艺术家，我们立马就想到了安迪·沃霍尔。1985年，他率先利用Amiga计算机创作数字画作。）可知，安迪·沃霍尔是最早一批使用数字技术的艺术家。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句“About 95% of art-related events were canceled while 24% of organizations were forced to reduce staff.”（约95%的艺术类活动被取消，24%的艺术组织被迫裁员。）可知，受疫情的影响，绝大部分的艺术类活动被迫取消，近四分之一的艺术组织被迫裁员，说明疫情导致艺术产业变得萧条。故选C项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The artists try to use all kinds of technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robots, sensors and IoT, AR and VR to create. For example, artists Julian Adenauer and Michael Haas created a robot that moves around on a canvas (画布) leaving a colorful trail. This art piece is fixed on the wall of the Berlin Gallery. It is changing every day as the robot keeps moving around, adding color in response to Haas’s idea of creation, ‘the process of creation is ideally endless.’”（艺术家们尝试使用各种技术，如人工智能、机器人、传感器和物联网、增强现实和虚拟现实等，进行创作。例如，艺术家朱利安·阿登纳和迈克尔·哈斯发明了一种机器人，它可以在画布上四处移动，留下一条五颜六色的轨迹。这件艺术品置于柏林美术馆的墙上。随着机器人不停地移动，这件艺术品每天都在变化，为哈斯的创造理念增添了色彩，“创造的过程理想上是无限的。”）可知，第三段讲的是艺术家们尝试利用各种技术来进行创作，并举出朱利安·阿登纳和迈克尔·哈斯所发明的机器人这个例子，来说明高科技如何辅助艺术创作。所以该段主要讲的是高科技如何辅助艺术创作。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句“Despite these obstacles, technology widens our horizons whether we produce or simply enjoy arts. If you have an idea of bettering your studio, museum, or art research with technology, don’t hesitate to reach out.”