人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单词课件（26张ppt）
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(共26张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Words and Expressions
1. disaster n. 灾难；灾害
natural disasters
同义词：
2. tornado n. 龙卷风
hurricane
typhoon
breeze
自然灾害
catastrophe
飓风
台风
微风
3. drought n. 旱灾
例句：Drought and famines have killed up to two million people during the last 18 years.
4. landslide (landfall) n. 崩塌；滑坡
其他含义：
词汇拓展：
famine n. 饥荒
serious/severe drought
严重干旱
“一方占绝对优势的选举”
压倒性优势的选举胜利
a landslide victory
5. slide v. 滑行；滑动 (slid; slid)
“快捷而悄声地移动” = slip
例句：She slid out while no one was looking.
“降低；衰落”
例句：They were sliding towards bankruptcy.
词汇拓展：
bankruptcy n. 破产
bankrupt adj. 破产的
6. flood n. 洪水；大量 v. 淹没；大量涌入
a flood of/floods of 大量
a flood of complaints 大量投诉
a flood of refugees 大量难民
in floods of tears 泪流满面
flood in/into 大量涌入 (=pour in/into)
flood…with… 使……充满……
be flooded with… 被……淹没；挤满；充满
7. volcanic eruption 火山喷发
volcano n. 火山
erupt v. (火山) 爆发
erupt into 突然发生；爆发
例句：My father just erupted into fury.
词汇拓展：
fury n. 暴怒 = rage
(extreme anger)
8. magnitude n. (地)震级，重大，重要性
例句：We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.
9. rescue n. & v. 营救；救援
rescue worker 救援人员
come to one's rescue 救援某人
rescue…from… 把……从……中救出来
在回家的路上，汤姆把一只猫从河里救了出来。
Tom rescued a cat from the river on his way home.
我正感到惊讶，你为我解了围。
You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
10. damage v. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失
damages n. 损害赔偿金
be badly damaged 严重受损
do/cause damage to… 对……造成损害
damage one's health/fame 损害某人的健康/名誉
显而易见，多年来，人类已经严重地破坏了自己的家园。
Obviously, humans/human beings have done great damage to their home over the years.
11. destroy v. 摧毁，毁灭 (destroying, destroyed)
destruction n. 破坏
destructive adj. 破坏性的
这栋建筑物被大火彻底摧毁了。
The building was completely destroyed by a big fire.
12. evacuate v. 疏散；转移；撤离
evacuation n.
evacuate from… 从……撤离
13. death n. 死亡
the death of all my plans 计划破灭
极端的天气导致我所有的计划破灭。
The extreme weather caused the death of all my plans.
at door's death 病危；生命危在旦夕
do sth. to death 做烦了/听厌了
frighten/scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死
dead adj. 死的；过时的；已废弃的；筋疲力尽
dying adj. 临终的，垂死的
deadly adj. 致命的；致死的 adv. 极其；非常
die v. 死亡，消失 (dying, died, died)
die of/from… 因……而死 die of/from cancer 死于癌症
die away 逐渐减弱；逐渐消失
die off 相继死去
die out 灭绝
他们的笑声逐渐消失了。
The sound of their laughter died away.
因栖息地受到破坏，这一物种已濒于灭绝。
The species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
14. affect v. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
effect n. 影响 affection n.感情；喜爱
be deeply affected by… 被……深深打动
have an effect on/upon… 对……有影响
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 生效；开始起作用
读后续写之感动心理描写：
观众被这个感人的故事深深打动，眼里涌出了泪水。
The audience were deeply affected by the moving/touching story, with tears welling up in their eyes.
15. shelter n. 避难所，庇护 v. 保护，躲避
under the shelter of… 在……的庇护下
shelter from… 躲避……
shelter/protect… from… 保护……免受……
我们在一处门廊里躲雨。
We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.
16. ruin n. & v. 破坏，毁坏
in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
be/lie in ruins 成为废墟，毁灭
ruin one's future 毁掉某人的前途
ruin one's plan 破坏某人的计划
17. shock n. 震惊；休克 v. (使)震惊
in shock 震惊地；吃惊地
to one's shock 令某人吃惊的是
be shocked at/by… 对……吃惊
be a great shock to sb. 使某人大为震惊
It is shocking that…… 令某人吃惊的是
简震惊地发现她在树林中迷路了，她忍不住哭了起来。
Jane was shocked to find that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying.
18. trap n. 陷阱；险境 v. 使落入险境/陷入圈套
trapping; trapped
be trapped/stuck in… 被困在……里；陷入……
trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事
set a trap for… 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入陷阱/圈套
警察设圈套使他讲出实情。
The police trapped him into telling the truth.
19. bury v. 埋葬；安葬
bury one's face/head in one's hands 双手捂脸/抱头
bury oneself in (doing) sth. = be buried in (doing) sth.
“埋头于/专心于……”
同义短语：
(1) concentrate on (2) focus on (3) be absorbed in
(4) be lost in (5) devote oneself to/be devoted to
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
20. breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
breathe deeply 深呼吸
breath n. 呼吸
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
take a deep breath 深呼吸
take one's breath away 令人惊叹
宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。
He held his breath while the results were read out.
21. effort n. 努力；艰难的额尝试
make effrots/an effort to do sth. 努力/尽力做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
effortless adj. 不费力的，容易的
without effort 毫不费力
with joint effort 共同努力
in an effort to do sth 为了做成某事；努力做某事
如果我被接受为你的助教，我将努力履行我的职责。
If I am accepted as your teaching assistant, I will spare no effort to perform my duties.
22. suffer v. 遭受；蒙受；(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
suffering n. 痛苦；苦恼 sufferer n. 受难者；患病者
suffer + n. (抽象的损害、痛苦等)
suffer from + n. (具体的不幸、痛苦，如战争、灾害、疾病等)
suffer pain/loss/failure/hardship 遭受痛苦/损失/失败/困难
患重感冒 suffer from a bad cold
头疼/牙疼 suffer from a headache/toothache
例句：坚强的人能忍受痛苦。
A tough man can tolerate suffering.
23. supply n. 供应；补给；补给品 v. 供应；补给
in short supply 供应不足
supply and demand 供求关系
medical supplies 医疗用品
supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
“给某人提供某物”的其他表达：
provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
24. survive v. 生存；幸存；艰难渡过
survival n. 生存；幸存 survivor n. 幸存者
survive on… = live on… 靠……存活
survive sb. by… 比某人多活……
例句：The company managed to survive the crisis.
公司设法渡过了危机。
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
25. calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的；v. 使平静，使镇静
keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇静
calm…down 使……平静下来
26. aid n. & v. 帮助，援助
in aid of… 为了帮助……
with the aid/help of… 在……的帮助下
aid/help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
aid/help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
例句：我们已经帮他提前完成了询问。
We have aided him to finish the inquiry ahead of time.
27. on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
in hand 在手头；在进行中
at hand 在手边；即将到来
by hand 手工；亲手交付；由专人递送
hand in hand 手拉手
at first hand 第一手，亲自
on the one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面……
hand in 上交，提交 hand out 分发
hand over 交出，移交 hand on 留给；传递下去
28. sweep v. 打扫；清扫 (swept;swept)
sweep up 打扫；清扫
sweep away 消灭；彻底消除
sweep aside 对……置之不理；不理会
sweep out 打扫干净
sweep over/back 突然袭来
例句：往事突然又浮现在脑海中。
Memories came sweeping back.
29. strike v. 击打，侵袭，罢工 (struck, struck/striken)
be/go on strike 罢工
strike sb. as… 给某人……印象；使某人觉得……
be struck on/with/by… 被……打动/迷住
It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that… 某人突然想到……
例句：我突然意识到我们可能做出了错误的决定。
It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
30. deliver v. 递送；传达；发表；接生
deliver/address/give a speech 发表演讲
deliver a baby 接生
deliver sth. to sb. 把某物运送给某人
delivery n. 递送；分娩；演讲方式
on delivery 到货时
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Words and Expressions
1. disaster n. 灾难；灾害
natural disasters
同义词：
2. tornado n. 龙卷风
hurricane
typhoon
breeze
自然灾害
catastrophe
飓风
台风
微风
3. drought n. 旱灾
例句：Drought and famines have killed up to two million people during the last 18 years.
4. landslide (landfall) n. 崩塌；滑坡
其他含义：
词汇拓展：
famine n. 饥荒
serious/severe drought
严重干旱
“一方占绝对优势的选举”
压倒性优势的选举胜利
a landslide victory
5. slide v. 滑行；滑动 (slid; slid)
“快捷而悄声地移动” = slip
例句：She slid out while no one was looking.
“降低；衰落”
例句：They were sliding towards bankruptcy.
词汇拓展：
bankruptcy n. 破产
bankrupt adj. 破产的
6. flood n. 洪水；大量 v. 淹没；大量涌入
a flood of/floods of 大量
a flood of complaints 大量投诉
a flood of refugees 大量难民
in floods of tears 泪流满面
flood in/into 大量涌入 (=pour in/into)
flood…with… 使……充满……
be flooded with… 被……淹没；挤满；充满
7. volcanic eruption 火山喷发
volcano n. 火山
erupt v. (火山) 爆发
erupt into 突然发生；爆发
例句：My father just erupted into fury.
词汇拓展：
fury n. 暴怒 = rage
(extreme anger)
8. magnitude n. (地)震级，重大，重要性
例句：We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.
9. rescue n. & v. 营救；救援
rescue worker 救援人员
come to one's rescue 救援某人
rescue…from… 把……从……中救出来
在回家的路上，汤姆把一只猫从河里救了出来。
Tom rescued a cat from the river on his way home.
我正感到惊讶，你为我解了围。
You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
10. damage v. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失
damages n. 损害赔偿金
be badly damaged 严重受损
do/cause damage to… 对……造成损害
damage one's health/fame 损害某人的健康/名誉
显而易见，多年来，人类已经严重地破坏了自己的家园。
Obviously, humans/human beings have done great damage to their home over the years.
11. destroy v. 摧毁，毁灭 (destroying, destroyed)
destruction n. 破坏
destructive adj. 破坏性的
这栋建筑物被大火彻底摧毁了。
The building was completely destroyed by a big fire.
12. evacuate v. 疏散；转移；撤离
evacuation n.
evacuate from… 从……撤离
13. death n. 死亡
the death of all my plans 计划破灭
极端的天气导致我所有的计划破灭。
The extreme weather caused the death of all my plans.
at door's death 病危；生命危在旦夕
do sth. to death 做烦了/听厌了
frighten/scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死
dead adj. 死的；过时的；已废弃的；筋疲力尽
dying adj. 临终的，垂死的
deadly adj. 致命的；致死的 adv. 极其；非常
die v. 死亡，消失 (dying, died, died)
die of/from… 因……而死 die of/from cancer 死于癌症
die away 逐渐减弱；逐渐消失
die off 相继死去
die out 灭绝
他们的笑声逐渐消失了。
The sound of their laughter died away.
因栖息地受到破坏，这一物种已濒于灭绝。
The species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
14. affect v. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
effect n. 影响 affection n.感情；喜爱
be deeply affected by… 被……深深打动
have an effect on/upon… 对……有影响
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 生效；开始起作用
读后续写之感动心理描写：
观众被这个感人的故事深深打动，眼里涌出了泪水。
The audience were deeply affected by the moving/touching story, with tears welling up in their eyes.
15. shelter n. 避难所，庇护 v. 保护，躲避
under the shelter of… 在……的庇护下
shelter from… 躲避……
shelter/protect… from… 保护……免受……
我们在一处门廊里躲雨。
We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.
16. ruin n. & v. 破坏，毁坏
in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
be/lie in ruins 成为废墟，毁灭
ruin one's future 毁掉某人的前途
ruin one's plan 破坏某人的计划
17. shock n. 震惊；休克 v. (使)震惊
in shock 震惊地；吃惊地
to one's shock 令某人吃惊的是
be shocked at/by… 对……吃惊
be a great shock to sb. 使某人大为震惊
It is shocking that…… 令某人吃惊的是
简震惊地发现她在树林中迷路了，她忍不住哭了起来。
Jane was shocked to find that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying.
18. trap n. 陷阱；险境 v. 使落入险境/陷入圈套
trapping; trapped
be trapped/stuck in… 被困在……里；陷入……
trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事
set a trap for… 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入陷阱/圈套
警察设圈套使他讲出实情。
The police trapped him into telling the truth.
19. bury v. 埋葬；安葬
bury one's face/head in one's hands 双手捂脸/抱头
bury oneself in (doing) sth. = be buried in (doing) sth.
“埋头于/专心于……”
同义短语：
(1) concentrate on (2) focus on (3) be absorbed in
(4) be lost in (5) devote oneself to/be devoted to
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
20. breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
breathe deeply 深呼吸
breath n. 呼吸
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
take a deep breath 深呼吸
take one's breath away 令人惊叹
宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。
He held his breath while the results were read out.
21. effort n. 努力；艰难的额尝试
make effrots/an effort to do sth. 努力/尽力做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
effortless adj. 不费力的，容易的
without effort 毫不费力
with joint effort 共同努力
in an effort to do sth 为了做成某事；努力做某事
如果我被接受为你的助教，我将努力履行我的职责。
If I am accepted as your teaching assistant, I will spare no effort to perform my duties.
22. suffer v. 遭受；蒙受；(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
suffering n. 痛苦；苦恼 sufferer n. 受难者；患病者
suffer + n. (抽象的损害、痛苦等)
suffer from + n. (具体的不幸、痛苦，如战争、灾害、疾病等)
suffer pain/loss/failure/hardship 遭受痛苦/损失/失败/困难
患重感冒 suffer from a bad cold
头疼/牙疼 suffer from a headache/toothache
例句：坚强的人能忍受痛苦。
A tough man can tolerate suffering.
23. supply n. 供应；补给；补给品 v. 供应；补给
in short supply 供应不足
supply and demand 供求关系
medical supplies 医疗用品
supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
“给某人提供某物”的其他表达：
provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
24. survive v. 生存；幸存；艰难渡过
survival n. 生存；幸存 survivor n. 幸存者
survive on… = live on… 靠……存活
survive sb. by… 比某人多活……
例句：The company managed to survive the crisis.
公司设法渡过了危机。
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
25. calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的；v. 使平静，使镇静
keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇静
calm…down 使……平静下来
26. aid n. & v. 帮助，援助
in aid of… 为了帮助……
with the aid/help of… 在……的帮助下
aid/help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
aid/help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
例句：我们已经帮他提前完成了询问。
We have aided him to finish the inquiry ahead of time.
27. on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
in hand 在手头；在进行中
at hand 在手边；即将到来
by hand 手工；亲手交付；由专人递送
hand in hand 手拉手
at first hand 第一手，亲自
on the one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面……
hand in 上交，提交 hand out 分发
hand over 交出，移交 hand on 留给；传递下去
28. sweep v. 打扫；清扫 (swept;swept)
sweep up 打扫；清扫
sweep away 消灭；彻底消除
sweep aside 对……置之不理；不理会
sweep out 打扫干净
sweep over/back 突然袭来
例句：往事突然又浮现在脑海中。
Memories came sweeping back.
29. strike v. 击打，侵袭，罢工 (struck, struck/striken)
be/go on strike 罢工
strike sb. as… 给某人……印象；使某人觉得……
be struck on/with/by… 被……打动/迷住
It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that… 某人突然想到……
例句：我突然意识到我们可能做出了错误的决定。
It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
30. deliver v. 递送；传达；发表；接生
deliver/address/give a speech 发表演讲
deliver a baby 接生
deliver sth. to sb. 把某物运送给某人
delivery n. 递送；分娩；演讲方式
on delivery 到货时