2023年高考英语议论文完形填空精讲精练（word版附答案解析）
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语议论文完形填空精讲精练（word版附答案解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-01 12:04:04 | ||
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2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——议论文
技法指导
议论文是一种通过剖析事物、论述事理、提出主张、发表见解的文体。它一般由论点、论据和结论三个要素组成。而议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题—分析问题—解决问题。考生在做题时要通读全文，从首（尾）句入手，抓住作者的论点。 另外，在解题过程中要综合考虑，逐项填空。
精练必刷题：
（
（2022·上海市建平中学高三阶段练习）I imagine a young man, a senior in high school. His academic performance is good enough. However, just as his parents are about to send the ___1___ check to a college where he has been accepted, the young man admits that he doesn’t want to go to college. He wants to work, to earn a living, to be out on his own.
Children have to build their own lives. But parents don’t want them to commit errors that will make it harder to build those lives. How should children and their parents think about this ___2___
College is often discussed as a(n) ___3___ in the future: You pay up front so you can benefit abundantly for the rest of your life. The financial benefits of a college education over the past decades indeed look great. However, past performance won’t necessarily ensure future returns. To make the plots more ___4___, from 1989 to 2016, college tuition went up by 98 percent. This has led to a lot of student-loan debt.
It may be worth the cost for some kids who want to go into a field that requires a college degree, but others don’t know what they want to do after college, so for them college is like buying an expensive ___5___ for future employment. Still, it’s worth noting that in 2019, just 66 percent of college graduates were in jobs requiring a college degree. What’s more, as of 2010, only 27 percent were in jobs related to their college major.
Perhaps you don’t primarily use ___6___ analysis to make decision about your life or your child’s. But everyone wants to be happy, and wants their child to be happy as well. So let’s look at the ___7___ effects of college.
Some scholars have found that, when controlling for other factors in life such as income and religious faith, education by itself has no independent explanatory ___8___ over happiness. Some actually believe that education is negatively linked to happiness, and hypothesize that some college attendees exchange life satisfaction for their academic ___9___. And there’s all that student debt to consider. According to a Gallup study, student debt is negatively correlated with financial and physical health and sense of purpose, and is ___10___ low well-being on these dimensions for as long as 25 years after graduation.
___11___, the only thing we can say with assurance is, “It depends.” On what On the unique ___12___ of each person. A child’s gifts, circumstances, and career ambitions all affect whether college is the right choice. Most of all, it depends on what they want to do. As a longtime academic, I can assure you that the No. 1 ___13___ of a failure to thrive in college is not wanting to be there in the first place.
That may be obvious to would-be students, but to many of their parents it isn’t. The college decision is often as much about the parents as it is about their kids. It’s easy to ___14___ our own desires onto our kids -- to try to see our own potential come alive through them.
But it’s a mistake. No one is a start-up enterprise, and there is not just one path to success. The college-for-all fever that has overtaken much of our culture ___15___ gifts that our kids have to develop and share. In fact, building their life with integrity and grit is what all parents could ever ask.
1．A．security B．deposit C．information D．routine
2．A．dilemma B．landscape C．consequence D．disappointment
3．A．shelter B．investment C．prospect D．victory
4．A．evident B．compelling C．complicated D．realistic
5．A．insurance B．scam C．maintenance D．lesson
6．A．trial-error B．question-answer C．cost-benefit D．pros-cons
7．A．health B．society C．happiness D．education
8．A．concern B．power C．favor D．advantage
9．A．prejudice B．panic C．ambition D．unemployment
10．A．applied to B．blamed on C．informed of D．associated with
11．A．However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Furthermore
12．A．fates B．decisions C．attributes D．inputs
13．A．qualification B．coverage C．witness D．predictor
14．A．project B．owe C．adjust D．prefer
15．A．highlights B．justifies C．ignores D．visualizes
（2022·全国·高三专题练习）A friend of mine recently said something nice to me.
“Those sunglasses just don’t ____16____ you,” she told me.
What was nice wasn’t the ____17____into my sunglasses, but my friend’s honesty. She wasn’t being ____18____. She wasn’t trying to hurt me. She really wanted what was best for me, and so she ____19____causing offense to tell me what I needed to hear.
It is rare, this kind of honesty. And it’s getting rarer.
We live in an age when social media is changing our ____20____communications. We post highly considered status updates on Facebook. We “like” the pictures of people we may not like ____21____, and leave comments on other people’s posts that are ____22____ and meaningless.
We are ____23____how to be real with each other.
We chat with a (an) ____24____ who has lipstick on her teeth and we pretend not to notice. We see our friend wearing an awful outfit and reassure her it’s fine. We ignore phone calls, or pretend to be busy, _____25_____telling someone we don’t want to see them. And when we get our feelings hurt, we _____26_____it down, because it’s far less difficult than facing the person who hurts us.
And we also refrain (避免) from being honest about ourselves when we are with friends. Sure, we might write about our emotional problems later, once the _____27_____ is over.
We don’t talk about these problems _____28_____ we’re deep in them, because they’re scary and make us weak. We keep the facade (假象) up and the smiles wide and the Instagram photos nice. And then when things _____29_____-when we end up in hospital, or unemployed-our friends are shocked, because they didn’t see it coming.
We didn’t let them see it coming.
Honesty is difficult, but without it, we can’t connect with each other.
Start small. Let someone know if they have lipstick on their teeth. Tell your friend that no, the outfit isn’t the best, maybe consider something else. Tell your friend _____30_____ that you won’t be at her party, but you wish her all the best. Let your loved ones know when they’ve hurt you, and be prepared to hear the same from them. Be a little more real on social media, for your sake as much as for everyone else’s.
16．A．fit B．suit C．adapt D．attract
17．A．certainty B．anxiety C．worry D．insight
18．A．critical B．practical C．frank D．professional
19．A．minded B．risked C．avoid D．enjoyed
20．A．direct B．interpersonal C．private D．public
21．A．at first B．at once C．at all D．at last
22．A．incorrect B．insincere C．instant D．indifferent
23．A．losing B．caring C．forgetting D．considering
24．A．acquaintance B．stranger C．staff D．foreigner
25．A．more than B．less than C．other than D．rather than
26．A．lay B．eat C．swallow D．set
27．A．story B．crisis C．case D．task
28．A．and B．so C．while D．or
29．A．fall apart B．take apart C．break apart D．draw apart
30．A．frankly B．regretfully C．briefly D．exactly
（2022·河南·开封市基础教育教研室三模）Beijing normally doesn’t have much snow in winter, so artificial snow is being used at venues for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, with the quality of the white snow drawing ____31____ from many athletes, and even officials. Artificial snow gives the courses a better and more ____32____ quality.
“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever ____33____ on,” American freestyle skier Ashley Caldwell said at a ____34____ conference. After receiving ____35____ from many athletes through the training period and first days of ____36____, Kit McConnell, sports director of the International Olympic Committee, said the participants ____37____ the artificial snow is outstanding. “The focus is on doing this in a sustainable way, and also ____38____ the athletes have an outstanding field of play on which to ____39____ at the Olympic level,” McConnell said.
Russi, chairman of the International Ski Federation’s alpine committee, also a former Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer and one of the course _____40_____ of the Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Center in Beijing, told China Central Television: “I think for the skiers the course we designed is just like paradise.” “Although sometimes _____41_____ with natural snow, artificial snow has _____42_____ been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years,” he added.
On November 7, during the _____43_____ for the Games, Chongli District in Zhangjiakou _____44_____ its first snowfall this winter. But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was _____45_____ up, because it would be more _____46_____ to use natural snow as it _____47_____ more easily and brings safety risks.
However, there are _____48_____ regarding the environmental hazards of using so much water for snow-making. The snow machines at Beijing 2022 have _____49_____ used renewable energy since the beginning of snow production. “For water from melted snow, we have a reservoir and two lakes which can _____50_____ it so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”
31．A．attention B．praise C．response D．effort
32．A．active B．possible C．stable D．valuable
33．A．played B．skied C．worked D．stood
34．A．press B．term C．firm D．office
35．A．news B．letter C．feedback D．argument
36．A．stay B．break C．attempt D．competition
37．A．complain B．predict C．guess D．believe
38．A．ensuring B．refusing C．leading D．forcing
39．A．finish B．compete C．fetch D．advance
40．A．leader B．director C．athlete D．designer
41．A．mixed B．compared C．finished D．helped
42．A．exactly B．mostly C．partly D．rarely
43．A．ending B．beginning C．preparation D．admission
44．A．gave B．raised C．rose D．saw
45．A．bought B．made C．cleaned D．used
46．A．dangerous B．proper C．secure D．beautiful
47．A．cheers up B．turns down C．falls off D．keeps back
48．A．points B．concerns C．senses D．doubts
49．A．completely B．extremely C．slightly D．fairly
50．A．dry B．clean C．feed D．store
（2022·海南·文昌中学高三阶段练习）I remember my high school English teacher telling me not to apply to Cornell University. My teacher said they wouldn’t accept me and even if they did I wouldn’t be able to ____51____ it through the years. I almost ____52____ but a few days later I came across Ivan Foldfarb, a former teacher, who told me ____53____, “You apply. You can do it” His words made all the ____54____. I put in my application and was ____55____.
Too often we think it’s our ____56____ to help make someone aware of “reality”. We think we must point out how ____57____ the job market is as well as how bad the economy is. This world never lacks “ ____58____ ” and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers who say, “I believe in you. Have the ____59____, and you will have the power to make it happen. We may _____60_____ lots of barriers, but we’ll get the project finished. Even if you fail, it’ll lead to something more _____61_____” I know that every one of us loves working for and with people who _____62_____ the best in us. We love being around people who bring us _____63_____ and uplift us. _____64_____ we’ll always remember the negative people, we will always treasure those who encourage us.
So share encouragement. It _____65_____ and we all need it.
51．A．get B．make C．believe D．catch
52．A．stood by B．pulled through C．drew back D．turned away
53．A．honestly B．proudly C．firmly D．delightedly
54．A．sense B．excuses C．messes D．difference
55．A．permitted B．admitted C．assisted D．approached
56．A．responsibility B．fault C．honour D．schedule
57．A．considerable B．stable C．promising D．crowded
58．A．speakers B．realists C．supporters D．guides
59．A．fondness B．effect C．optimism D．desire
60．A．overcome B．ignore C．create D．meet
61．A．worthwhile B．influential C．uncommon D．complex
62．A．bring up B．bring out C．bring in D．bring down
63．A．challenge B．opportunity C．comfort D．pleasure
64．A．When B．If C．While D．Unless
65．A．spreads B．progresses C．matters D．cares
技法指导
议论文是一种通过剖析事物、论述事理、提出主张、发表见解的文体。它一般由论点、论据和结论三个要素组成。而议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题—分析问题—解决问题。考生在做题时要通读全文，从首（尾）句入手，抓住作者的论点。 另外，在解题过程中要综合考虑，逐项填空。
精练必刷题：
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是大学生是否要去上大学。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，就在他的父母准备把押金支票寄给他所录取的一所大学时，这个年轻人承认他不想上大学。A. security安全；B. deposit存款；C. information信息；D. routine常规。此处表示的是父母准备交学费的时候，结果年轻人不想上大学了。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子和他们的父母应该如何看待这种困境 A. dilemma困境；B. landscape风景；C. consequence结果；D. disappointment失望。根据前文“He wants to work, to earn a living, to be out on his own. ”可知，父母本做好让孩子上大学的准备，结果孩子不愿意去上大学，所以此处指的是困境。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上大学常被认为是对未来的一种投资。A. shelter避难所；B. investment投资；C. prospect前景；D. victory胜利。根据后文“You pay up front so you can benefit abundantly for the rest of your life.”可知，把教育视为一种对未来的投资故选B。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：情节更复杂的是，从1989年到2016年，大学学费上涨了98%。这导致了大量的学生贷款债务。A. evident有证据的，明显的；B. compelling强制的；C. complicated复杂的；D. realistic实际的。根据前文“plot”可知，此处表示情况更复杂的是。故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一些想进入一个需要大学学位的领域的孩子来说，这可能是值得的，但另一些人不知道他们毕业后想做什么，所以对他们来说，大学就像为未来的就业买了一份昂贵的保险。A. insurance保险；B. scam骗局；C. maintenance维持；D. lesson课程，教训 。根据后文“for future employment.”可知，对于很多毕业后想做什么的人来说大学就像为未来的就业买了一份昂贵的保险。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许你在为你或你孩子的生活做决定时并不主要使用成本效益分析。A. trial-error试错法；B. question-answer问答法；C. cost-benefit成本效益；D. pros-cons利和弊。根据前文“College is often discussed as a(n) 3 in the future”可知，家长们在为孩子们作决定的时候不会考虑成本，并没有把上大学看成是投资或者是保险考虑收益。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们看看大学对幸福感的影响。A. health健康；B. society社会；C. happiness幸福；D. education教育。根据前文“wants their child to be happy as well”可知，父母想让孩子们幸福。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学者发现，当控制生活中的其他因素如收入和宗教信仰时，教育本身并没有独立的解释幸福的力量。A. concern关心；B. power力量；C. favor喜爱；D. advantage优势。根据前文“by itself has no independent explanatory”可知，教育本身并没有独立的解释幸福的力量。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人实际上认为教育与幸福负相关，并假设一些大学生用生活满意度来换取学业抱负。A. prejudice偏见；B. panic恐慌；C. ambition野心；D. unemployment失业。根据前文“exchange life satisfaction”可知，一些大学生用生活满意度来换取学业抱负。故选C。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据盖洛普(Gallup)的一项研究，学生债务与财务、身体健康和目标感呈负相关，并且与毕业后长达25年的低幸福感相关。A. applied to应用；B. blamed on负责；C. informed of通知；D. associated with联系。根据前文“student debt is negatively correlated with financial and physical health and sense of purpose”可知，学生债务与财务、身体健康和目标感呈负相关，并且与毕业后长达25年的低幸福感相关。故选D。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们唯一能肯定地说的是:“这要看情况。”取决于什么方面？每个人的独特属性。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. otherwise否则；D. furthermore此外，更新一步。此处表示因果关系。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fates命运；B. decisions决定；C. attributes属性；D. inputs投入。根据后文“each person”可知，此处上大学的意义取决于个人的属性和状况。故选C。
13．考查迷名词词义辨析。句意：我可以向你保证，一个人在大学里无法茁壮成长的首要因素，就是一开始就不想上大学。A. qualification资格；B. coverage覆盖，涵盖；C. witness目击者，见证；D. predictor预示。根据“of a failure”可知，此处表示失败的预示，表明孩子已经不想上大学了。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易把自己的愿望投射到孩子身上——试着通过他们看到自己的潜力。A. project预算，投射；B. owe欠；C. adjust调整；D. prefer偏爱。根据后文“our own desires onto our kids”可知，家长容易把自己的愿望投射到孩子身上。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：席卷我们文化的全民大学热忽视了孩子们必须培养和分享的天赋。A. highlights突显；B. justifies裁决；C. ignores忽视；D. visualizes可视化。根据前文“overtaken much of our culture ”可知，全民大学热忽视了孩子们必须培养和分享的天赋。故选C。
【答案】
16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是我们生活在一个社交媒体正在改变我们的人际交流的时代，我们正在忘记如何真实地对待彼此，坦诚很难，但是如果缺乏坦诚，我们彼此就无法沟通，因此我们可以从小事做起，学会坦诚。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那副墨镜不适合你。A. fit适合；B. suit适合；C. adapt适应；D. attract吸引。由下一段的“my friend’s honesty”可知，朋友是告诉作者墨镜不适合作者，fit是大小尺寸上适合，suit是款式，风格上适合，因此空格处用suit，故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的不是对墨镜的洞察力，而是我朋友的诚实。A. certainty确定性；B. anxiety焦虑；C. worry担心；D. insight洞悉，了解。由上文“Those sunglasses just don’t ____1____ you”可知，作者朋友说的那句话是基于朋友对墨镜的洞察，故选D。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不是在批评我。A. critical批判的；B. practical实际的；C. frank坦白的；D. professional专业的。由上文“Those sunglasses just don’t ____1____ you”可知，作者朋友说墨镜不适合作者，表面看来是批判，但是作者认为不是，故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她真的是为了我好，所以她冒着冒犯别人的风险告诉我我需要听的。A. minded介意；B. risked冒……的危险；C. avoid避免；D. enjoyed喜欢。由后文“causing offense to tell me what I needed to hear”可知，她冒着冒犯别人的风险告诉作者他需要听的，故选B。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们生活在一个社交媒体正在改变我们人际交流的时代。A. direct直接的；B. interpersonal人际的；C. private私下的；D. public公共的。由后文“communications”可知，此处指的是人际交流，故选B。
21．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们“喜欢”我们可能根本不喜欢的人的照片，并在别人的帖子上留下不真诚和无意义的评论。A. at first起初；B. at once立刻；C. at all（否定句）根本；D. at last最终。由上文“We “like” the pictures of people”可知，like带有引号，表示反话，因此句子表示“我们“喜欢”我们可能根本不喜欢的人的照片”，空格处是“根本”，故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们“喜欢”我们可能根本不喜欢的人的照片，并在别人的帖子上留下不真诚和无意义的评论。A. incorrect不正确的；B. insincere不真诚的；C. instant立刻的；D. indifferent冷淡的。由后文“and meaningless”可知，句子表示“在别人的帖子上留下不真诚和无意义的评论”，故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们正在忘记如何对彼此坦诚。A. losing失去；B. caring关心；C. forgetting忘记；D. considering考虑。由后文“how to be real with each other”及前面的“leave comments on other people’s posts that are ____7____ and meaningless”可知，句子表示“我们正在忘记如何对彼此坦诚”，故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和一个牙齿上有口红的熟人聊天，我们假装没有注意到。A. acquaintance熟人；B. stranger陌生人；C. staff全体员工；D. foreigner外国人。由后文“who has lipstick on her teeth and we pretend not to notice”和“We see our friend wearing an awful outfit and reassure her it’s fine”可知，我们和一个牙齿上有口红的熟人聊天，我们假装没有注意到，故选A。
25．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们忽略电话，或者假装很忙，而不是告诉别人我们不想见他们。A. more than超过；B. less than少于；C. other than除了；D. rather than而不是。由上文“We ignore phone calls, or pretend to be busy”和后文“telling someone we don’t want to see them”可知，句子表示“我们忽略电话，或者假装很忙，而不是告诉别人我们不想见他们”，空格处意为“而不是”，故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的感情受到伤害时，我们会忍气吞声，因为这比面对伤害我们的人要容易得多。A. lay放置；B. eat吃；C. swallow吞下；D. set设置。由后文“it down, because it’s far less difficult than facing the person who hurts us”可知，当我们的感情受到伤害时，我们会忍气吞声，因为这比面对伤害我们的人要容易得多，空格处意为“吞下”，故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，一旦危机结束，我们可能会在之后写下我们的情感问题。A. story故事；B. crisis危机；C. case情况；D. task任务。由后文“We don’t talk about these problems”可知，一旦危机结束，我们可能会在之后写下我们的情感问题，故选B。
28．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们深陷其中时，我们不会谈论这些问题，因为它们让我们害怕，让我们软弱。A. and和；B. so因此；C. while当……的时候；D. or或者。由后文“we’re deep in them, because they’re scary and make us weak”可知，句子表示“当我们深陷其中时，我们不会谈论这些问题”，故选C。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，当事情搞砸了——当我们进了医院，或者失业了——我们的朋友都很震惊，因为他们没有预见到这一切的到来。A. fall apart土崩瓦解；B. take apart拆开；C. break apart使……分裂开；D. draw apart分离。由后文“when we end up in hospital, or unemployed”可知，事情搞砸了，也就是一切都土崩瓦解，故选A。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：坦率地告诉你的朋友，你不会参加她的派对，但你希望她一切都好。A. frankly坦白地；B. regretfully懊悔地；C. briefly简短地；D. exactly确切地。由后文“that you won’t be at her party”可知，句子表示“坦率地告诉你的朋友”，故选A。
【答案】
31．B 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．D 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．D 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述人们对2022年北京冬奥会上使用的人造雪的态度。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：北京冬天通常不会下很多雪，所以北京2022年冬季奥运会的场馆里正在使用人造雪，白雪的质量得到了许多运动员甚至官员的赞扬。A. attention关注；B. praise表扬；C. response回应；D. effort努力。根据下文“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever 3 on”可知，人造雪的质量得到了许多运动员甚至官员的赞扬。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人造雪赋予了赛道更好更稳定的质量。A. active积极的；B. possible可能的；C. stable稳定的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was 15 up, because it would be more 16 to use natural snow as it 17 more easily and brings safety risks.”可知，自然雪很危险，所以反之，人造雪相对来说是比较安全的，即使得赛道有更好更稳定的质量。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是至今为止我曾经滑过的最好的人造雪赛道。A. played玩耍；B. skied滑雪；C. worked工作；D. stood站立。根据下文“American freestyle skier”可知，说这句话的人是一名滑雪运动员，所以他在人造雪赛道上滑雪。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国自由滑雪运动员Ashley Caldwell在新闻发布会上说。A. press新闻；B. term学期；C. firm公司；D. office办公室。根据下文“conference”可知，上文是他在新闻发布会上说的话。press conference“新闻发布会”的意思。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在获得了许多运动员在训练期间和头几天的比赛的反馈之后，国际奥委会体育总监基特·麦康奈尔说，参加的人都相信人造雪非常出色。A. news新闻；B. letter信；C. feedback反馈；D. argument争论。根据下文“from many athletes through the training period and first days of 6 ”可知，运动员使用了之后做出的评价和意见属于反馈。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. stay待；B. break打破；C. attempt试图；D. competition比赛，竞争。根据上文“the training period and first days of”可知，运动员们经过了训练之后就是比赛了。故选D。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. complain抱怨；B. predict预测；C. guess猜测；D. believe相信。根据下文“the artificial snow is outstanding.”可知，这是他们做出的高度的评价，所以是他们相信人造雪是非常出色的。故选D。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重点是以可持续的方式做到这一点，同时确保运动员拥有一个优秀的比赛场地，在这个场地上进行奥林匹克级别的比赛。A. ensuring确保；B. refusing拒绝；C. leading领导；D. forcing逼迫。根据下文“the athletes have an outstanding field of play on which to 9 at the Olympic level”可知，人造雪的作用是要保障运动员拥有一个优秀的比赛场地。故选A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. finish完成；B. compete比赛，竞争；C. fetch去取回；D. advance推进。根据上文“athletes”可知，这个场地是运动员要在上面比赛的地方。故选B。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：国际滑雪联合会高山滑雪委员会主席，前瑞士世界杯高山滑雪赛手，北京延庆国家高山滑雪中心的赛道的设计师之一Russi，告诉中国中央电视台，“我认为我们设计的赛道就像是滑雪者的天堂。”A. leader领导者；B. director导演；C. athlete运动员；D. designer设计师。根据下文“I think for the skiers the course we designed is just like paradise.”可知，Russi是一名设计师。故选D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有时候人造雪会跟天然雪混合，但是在过去的5到10年里，人造雪已经被用在了大部分的比赛中。A. mixed混合；B. compared比较；C. finished完成；D. helped帮助。根据下文“with natural snow, artificial snow has 12 been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years”可知，人造雪是和天然的雪混合在一起使用的。故选A。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. exactly准确的说；B. mostly大部分；C. partly部分；D. rarely几乎不。根据上文“Although”可知，2个小分句之间是转折的关系，所以是虽然混合在一起，但是人造雪已经被用在了大部分的比赛中。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月7日，在为比赛的准备期间，张家口的崇礼县看到了今年冬天的第一场雪。A. ending结尾；B. beginning开始；C. preparation准备；D. admission允许。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was 15 up”可知，下的天然雪被铲掉了，说明还没有到比赛时间，应该是比赛前的准备期间。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. gave给；B. raised提升；C. rose升起；D. saw看见。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was 15 up”可知，那里下了20厘米厚的自然雪。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是20厘米厚的雪被清理干净了，因为使用天然雪会更危险，因为它更容易掉落，并带来安全风险。A. bought买；B. made做；C. cleaned打扫干净；D. used使用。根据下文“because it would be more 16 to use natural snow as it 17 more easily and brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪更危险，所以被打扫干净了。故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. dangerous危险的；B. proper恰当的；C. secure安全的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪更危险。故选A。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. cheers up欢呼；B. turns down关小，拒绝；C. falls off掉落；D. keeps back退后。根据下文“brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪危险的原因是它容易掉落。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有人担心造雪用水过多会对环境造成危害。A. points点，意义；B. concerns担心；C. senses感觉；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“environmental hazards”可知，有环境危害，所以人们会有担心。故选B。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：北京2022年的造雪机从造雪开始就完全使用可再生能源。A. completely完全地；B. extremely极其；C. slightly稍微；D. fairly相当。根据下文“For water from melted snow, we have a reservoir and two lakes which can 20 it so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”可知，造雪机从造雪开始就完全使用可再生能源。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于从融雪中提取的水，我们有一个水库和两个湖，可以储存水，这样水就可以用于农业、灌溉、旅游和园林绿化。A. dry烘干；B. clean打扫干净；C. feed喂养；D. store储存。根据下文“so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”可知，这些水被储存起来，用于农业、灌溉、旅游和园林绿化。故选D。
【答案】
51．B 52．C 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．D 60．D 61．A 62．B 63．D 64．C 65．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己申请读康奈尔大学的经历告诉我们，当有人说我们不行时，我们需要有人告诉我们“你能行”，我们需要鼓励，也应该积极地鼓励他人。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老师说他们不会接受我，即使他们接受了，我也无法熬过这几年。A. get得到；B. make使成功；C. believe相信；D. catch抓住。根据上文中的“My teacher said they wouldn’t accept me”可知，作者的老师认为就算这所大学录取了作者，作者也无法成功毕业。make it表示“获得成功”，故选B。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我差点就退缩了，但几天后，我遇到了以前当老师的Ivan Foldfarb，他坚定地告诉我。A. stood by袖手旁观；B. pulled through渡过难关；C. drew back退却；D. turned away转过脸。由上文“they wouldn’t accept me and even if they did I wouldn’t be able to ____1____ it through the years”可知，英语老师的话让作者感到灰心，以至于作者几乎要退缩。故选C。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我差点就退缩了，但几天后，我遇到了以前当老师的Ivan Foldfarb，他坚定地告诉我。A. honestly真诚地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. firmly坚定地；D. delightedly高兴地。根据下文中的“You apply. You can do it”和“I put in my application”可知，作者以前的老师坚定地（firmly）说了这些话。故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话使一切变得不同。A. sense感觉；B. excuses借口；C. messes混乱；D. difference不同。根据下文的“I put in my application”可知，这位老师的话对作者影响很大。make all the difference意为“关系重大，大不相同”。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提交了申请，被录取了。A. permitted允许；B. admitted接收（入学）；C. assisted帮助；D. approached接近。根据上文的““You apply. You can do it” His words made all the ____4____. I put in my application and”可知，作者成功被录取（admitted）了。故选B。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常认为帮助别人认识到“现实”是我们的责任。A. responsibility责任；B. fault过错；C. honour荣誉；D. schedule安排表。由后文的“We think we must point out how ____7____ the job market is as well as how bad the economy is”可知，此处表示我们经常认为自己有责任（responsibility）帮助别人认识现实。故选A。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们认为我们必须指出就业市场是多么拥挤，以及经济是多么糟糕。A. considerable相当大的；B. stable稳定的；C. promising有前途的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据空后的“as well as how bad the economy is”可知，经济不好，就业市场也不容乐观。crowded“拥挤的”形象地描述了就业市场竞争的激烈。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个世界从不缺少“现实主义者”和悲观主义者。A. speakers演讲者；B. realists现实主义者；C. supporters支持者；D. guides向导。根据上文中的“reality”和空后的“and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers”可知，这个世界从不缺少“现实主义者（realists）”和悲观主义者。故选B。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了愿望，你就有能力让它发生。A. fondness喜欢；B. effect影响；C. optimism乐观主义；D. desire渴望。此处是鼓励者说的话，再结合后面的“have the power to make it happen”可知，desire“愿望，渴望”符合语境。故选D。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会遇到很多障碍，但我们会完成这个项目的A. overcome克服；B. ignore忽视；C. create创造；D. meet遇见。根据空后的“but we’ll get the project finished”可知，此处表示我们可能会遇到（meet）很多阻碍。故选D。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使你失败了，它也会带来更有价值的东西。A. worthwhile有价值的；B. influential有影响力的；C. uncommon不常见的；D. complex复杂的。根据“Even if you fail”可知，此处表示就算你失败了，你也能得到更有价值的东西。故选A。
62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我们每个人都喜欢和能激发出我们最好一面的人一起工作。A. bring up养大；B. bring out使显示；C. bring in引进；D. bring down降低。由后文的“the best in us”和“We love being around people who bring us _____13_____ and uplift us”可知，此处表示能够激发出我们最好的一面的人，空格处是“使显示”，故选B。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢和能带给我们快乐和鼓舞我们的人在一起。A. challenge挑战；B. opportunity机会；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure快乐。由后文的“uplift us.”可知，句子表示“我们喜欢和能带给我们快乐和鼓舞我们的人在一起”，因此空格处是“快乐”，故选D。
64．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们会永远记住那些消极的人，我们会永远珍惜那些鼓励我们的人。A. When当……的时候；B. If如果；C. While尽管；D. Unless除非。由后文的“we’ll always remember the negative people”和“we will always treasure those who encourage us”可知，句子表示“尽管我们总会记得那些消极的人，但是我们也总会珍视鼓励我们的人”，故选C。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很重要，我们都需要它。A. spreads传播；B. progresses进步；C. matters重要；D. cares在意。根据下文中的“and we all need it”可知， 此处表示鼓励很重要。故选C。
技法指导
议论文是一种通过剖析事物、论述事理、提出主张、发表见解的文体。它一般由论点、论据和结论三个要素组成。而议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题—分析问题—解决问题。考生在做题时要通读全文，从首（尾）句入手，抓住作者的论点。 另外，在解题过程中要综合考虑，逐项填空。
精练必刷题：
（
（2022·上海市建平中学高三阶段练习）I imagine a young man, a senior in high school. His academic performance is good enough. However, just as his parents are about to send the ___1___ check to a college where he has been accepted, the young man admits that he doesn’t want to go to college. He wants to work, to earn a living, to be out on his own.
Children have to build their own lives. But parents don’t want them to commit errors that will make it harder to build those lives. How should children and their parents think about this ___2___
College is often discussed as a(n) ___3___ in the future: You pay up front so you can benefit abundantly for the rest of your life. The financial benefits of a college education over the past decades indeed look great. However, past performance won’t necessarily ensure future returns. To make the plots more ___4___, from 1989 to 2016, college tuition went up by 98 percent. This has led to a lot of student-loan debt.
It may be worth the cost for some kids who want to go into a field that requires a college degree, but others don’t know what they want to do after college, so for them college is like buying an expensive ___5___ for future employment. Still, it’s worth noting that in 2019, just 66 percent of college graduates were in jobs requiring a college degree. What’s more, as of 2010, only 27 percent were in jobs related to their college major.
Perhaps you don’t primarily use ___6___ analysis to make decision about your life or your child’s. But everyone wants to be happy, and wants their child to be happy as well. So let’s look at the ___7___ effects of college.
Some scholars have found that, when controlling for other factors in life such as income and religious faith, education by itself has no independent explanatory ___8___ over happiness. Some actually believe that education is negatively linked to happiness, and hypothesize that some college attendees exchange life satisfaction for their academic ___9___. And there’s all that student debt to consider. According to a Gallup study, student debt is negatively correlated with financial and physical health and sense of purpose, and is ___10___ low well-being on these dimensions for as long as 25 years after graduation.
___11___, the only thing we can say with assurance is, “It depends.” On what On the unique ___12___ of each person. A child’s gifts, circumstances, and career ambitions all affect whether college is the right choice. Most of all, it depends on what they want to do. As a longtime academic, I can assure you that the No. 1 ___13___ of a failure to thrive in college is not wanting to be there in the first place.
That may be obvious to would-be students, but to many of their parents it isn’t. The college decision is often as much about the parents as it is about their kids. It’s easy to ___14___ our own desires onto our kids -- to try to see our own potential come alive through them.
But it’s a mistake. No one is a start-up enterprise, and there is not just one path to success. The college-for-all fever that has overtaken much of our culture ___15___ gifts that our kids have to develop and share. In fact, building their life with integrity and grit is what all parents could ever ask.
1．A．security B．deposit C．information D．routine
2．A．dilemma B．landscape C．consequence D．disappointment
3．A．shelter B．investment C．prospect D．victory
4．A．evident B．compelling C．complicated D．realistic
5．A．insurance B．scam C．maintenance D．lesson
6．A．trial-error B．question-answer C．cost-benefit D．pros-cons
7．A．health B．society C．happiness D．education
8．A．concern B．power C．favor D．advantage
9．A．prejudice B．panic C．ambition D．unemployment
10．A．applied to B．blamed on C．informed of D．associated with
11．A．However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Furthermore
12．A．fates B．decisions C．attributes D．inputs
13．A．qualification B．coverage C．witness D．predictor
14．A．project B．owe C．adjust D．prefer
15．A．highlights B．justifies C．ignores D．visualizes
（2022·全国·高三专题练习）A friend of mine recently said something nice to me.
“Those sunglasses just don’t ____16____ you,” she told me.
What was nice wasn’t the ____17____into my sunglasses, but my friend’s honesty. She wasn’t being ____18____. She wasn’t trying to hurt me. She really wanted what was best for me, and so she ____19____causing offense to tell me what I needed to hear.
It is rare, this kind of honesty. And it’s getting rarer.
We live in an age when social media is changing our ____20____communications. We post highly considered status updates on Facebook. We “like” the pictures of people we may not like ____21____, and leave comments on other people’s posts that are ____22____ and meaningless.
We are ____23____how to be real with each other.
We chat with a (an) ____24____ who has lipstick on her teeth and we pretend not to notice. We see our friend wearing an awful outfit and reassure her it’s fine. We ignore phone calls, or pretend to be busy, _____25_____telling someone we don’t want to see them. And when we get our feelings hurt, we _____26_____it down, because it’s far less difficult than facing the person who hurts us.
And we also refrain (避免) from being honest about ourselves when we are with friends. Sure, we might write about our emotional problems later, once the _____27_____ is over.
We don’t talk about these problems _____28_____ we’re deep in them, because they’re scary and make us weak. We keep the facade (假象) up and the smiles wide and the Instagram photos nice. And then when things _____29_____-when we end up in hospital, or unemployed-our friends are shocked, because they didn’t see it coming.
We didn’t let them see it coming.
Honesty is difficult, but without it, we can’t connect with each other.
Start small. Let someone know if they have lipstick on their teeth. Tell your friend that no, the outfit isn’t the best, maybe consider something else. Tell your friend _____30_____ that you won’t be at her party, but you wish her all the best. Let your loved ones know when they’ve hurt you, and be prepared to hear the same from them. Be a little more real on social media, for your sake as much as for everyone else’s.
16．A．fit B．suit C．adapt D．attract
17．A．certainty B．anxiety C．worry D．insight
18．A．critical B．practical C．frank D．professional
19．A．minded B．risked C．avoid D．enjoyed
20．A．direct B．interpersonal C．private D．public
21．A．at first B．at once C．at all D．at last
22．A．incorrect B．insincere C．instant D．indifferent
23．A．losing B．caring C．forgetting D．considering
24．A．acquaintance B．stranger C．staff D．foreigner
25．A．more than B．less than C．other than D．rather than
26．A．lay B．eat C．swallow D．set
27．A．story B．crisis C．case D．task
28．A．and B．so C．while D．or
29．A．fall apart B．take apart C．break apart D．draw apart
30．A．frankly B．regretfully C．briefly D．exactly
（2022·河南·开封市基础教育教研室三模）Beijing normally doesn’t have much snow in winter, so artificial snow is being used at venues for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, with the quality of the white snow drawing ____31____ from many athletes, and even officials. Artificial snow gives the courses a better and more ____32____ quality.
“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever ____33____ on,” American freestyle skier Ashley Caldwell said at a ____34____ conference. After receiving ____35____ from many athletes through the training period and first days of ____36____, Kit McConnell, sports director of the International Olympic Committee, said the participants ____37____ the artificial snow is outstanding. “The focus is on doing this in a sustainable way, and also ____38____ the athletes have an outstanding field of play on which to ____39____ at the Olympic level,” McConnell said.
Russi, chairman of the International Ski Federation’s alpine committee, also a former Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer and one of the course _____40_____ of the Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Center in Beijing, told China Central Television: “I think for the skiers the course we designed is just like paradise.” “Although sometimes _____41_____ with natural snow, artificial snow has _____42_____ been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years,” he added.
On November 7, during the _____43_____ for the Games, Chongli District in Zhangjiakou _____44_____ its first snowfall this winter. But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was _____45_____ up, because it would be more _____46_____ to use natural snow as it _____47_____ more easily and brings safety risks.
However, there are _____48_____ regarding the environmental hazards of using so much water for snow-making. The snow machines at Beijing 2022 have _____49_____ used renewable energy since the beginning of snow production. “For water from melted snow, we have a reservoir and two lakes which can _____50_____ it so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”
31．A．attention B．praise C．response D．effort
32．A．active B．possible C．stable D．valuable
33．A．played B．skied C．worked D．stood
34．A．press B．term C．firm D．office
35．A．news B．letter C．feedback D．argument
36．A．stay B．break C．attempt D．competition
37．A．complain B．predict C．guess D．believe
38．A．ensuring B．refusing C．leading D．forcing
39．A．finish B．compete C．fetch D．advance
40．A．leader B．director C．athlete D．designer
41．A．mixed B．compared C．finished D．helped
42．A．exactly B．mostly C．partly D．rarely
43．A．ending B．beginning C．preparation D．admission
44．A．gave B．raised C．rose D．saw
45．A．bought B．made C．cleaned D．used
46．A．dangerous B．proper C．secure D．beautiful
47．A．cheers up B．turns down C．falls off D．keeps back
48．A．points B．concerns C．senses D．doubts
49．A．completely B．extremely C．slightly D．fairly
50．A．dry B．clean C．feed D．store
（2022·海南·文昌中学高三阶段练习）I remember my high school English teacher telling me not to apply to Cornell University. My teacher said they wouldn’t accept me and even if they did I wouldn’t be able to ____51____ it through the years. I almost ____52____ but a few days later I came across Ivan Foldfarb, a former teacher, who told me ____53____, “You apply. You can do it” His words made all the ____54____. I put in my application and was ____55____.
Too often we think it’s our ____56____ to help make someone aware of “reality”. We think we must point out how ____57____ the job market is as well as how bad the economy is. This world never lacks “ ____58____ ” and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers who say, “I believe in you. Have the ____59____, and you will have the power to make it happen. We may _____60_____ lots of barriers, but we’ll get the project finished. Even if you fail, it’ll lead to something more _____61_____” I know that every one of us loves working for and with people who _____62_____ the best in us. We love being around people who bring us _____63_____ and uplift us. _____64_____ we’ll always remember the negative people, we will always treasure those who encourage us.
So share encouragement. It _____65_____ and we all need it.
51．A．get B．make C．believe D．catch
52．A．stood by B．pulled through C．drew back D．turned away
53．A．honestly B．proudly C．firmly D．delightedly
54．A．sense B．excuses C．messes D．difference
55．A．permitted B．admitted C．assisted D．approached
56．A．responsibility B．fault C．honour D．schedule
57．A．considerable B．stable C．promising D．crowded
58．A．speakers B．realists C．supporters D．guides
59．A．fondness B．effect C．optimism D．desire
60．A．overcome B．ignore C．create D．meet
61．A．worthwhile B．influential C．uncommon D．complex
62．A．bring up B．bring out C．bring in D．bring down
63．A．challenge B．opportunity C．comfort D．pleasure
64．A．When B．If C．While D．Unless
65．A．spreads B．progresses C．matters D．cares
技法指导
议论文是一种通过剖析事物、论述事理、提出主张、发表见解的文体。它一般由论点、论据和结论三个要素组成。而议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题—分析问题—解决问题。考生在做题时要通读全文，从首（尾）句入手，抓住作者的论点。 另外，在解题过程中要综合考虑，逐项填空。
精练必刷题：
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是大学生是否要去上大学。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，就在他的父母准备把押金支票寄给他所录取的一所大学时，这个年轻人承认他不想上大学。A. security安全；B. deposit存款；C. information信息；D. routine常规。此处表示的是父母准备交学费的时候，结果年轻人不想上大学了。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子和他们的父母应该如何看待这种困境 A. dilemma困境；B. landscape风景；C. consequence结果；D. disappointment失望。根据前文“He wants to work, to earn a living, to be out on his own. ”可知，父母本做好让孩子上大学的准备，结果孩子不愿意去上大学，所以此处指的是困境。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上大学常被认为是对未来的一种投资。A. shelter避难所；B. investment投资；C. prospect前景；D. victory胜利。根据后文“You pay up front so you can benefit abundantly for the rest of your life.”可知，把教育视为一种对未来的投资故选B。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：情节更复杂的是，从1989年到2016年，大学学费上涨了98%。这导致了大量的学生贷款债务。A. evident有证据的，明显的；B. compelling强制的；C. complicated复杂的；D. realistic实际的。根据前文“plot”可知，此处表示情况更复杂的是。故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一些想进入一个需要大学学位的领域的孩子来说，这可能是值得的，但另一些人不知道他们毕业后想做什么，所以对他们来说，大学就像为未来的就业买了一份昂贵的保险。A. insurance保险；B. scam骗局；C. maintenance维持；D. lesson课程，教训 。根据后文“for future employment.”可知，对于很多毕业后想做什么的人来说大学就像为未来的就业买了一份昂贵的保险。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许你在为你或你孩子的生活做决定时并不主要使用成本效益分析。A. trial-error试错法；B. question-answer问答法；C. cost-benefit成本效益；D. pros-cons利和弊。根据前文“College is often discussed as a(n) 3 in the future”可知，家长们在为孩子们作决定的时候不会考虑成本，并没有把上大学看成是投资或者是保险考虑收益。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们看看大学对幸福感的影响。A. health健康；B. society社会；C. happiness幸福；D. education教育。根据前文“wants their child to be happy as well”可知，父母想让孩子们幸福。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学者发现，当控制生活中的其他因素如收入和宗教信仰时，教育本身并没有独立的解释幸福的力量。A. concern关心；B. power力量；C. favor喜爱；D. advantage优势。根据前文“by itself has no independent explanatory”可知，教育本身并没有独立的解释幸福的力量。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人实际上认为教育与幸福负相关，并假设一些大学生用生活满意度来换取学业抱负。A. prejudice偏见；B. panic恐慌；C. ambition野心；D. unemployment失业。根据前文“exchange life satisfaction”可知，一些大学生用生活满意度来换取学业抱负。故选C。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据盖洛普(Gallup)的一项研究，学生债务与财务、身体健康和目标感呈负相关，并且与毕业后长达25年的低幸福感相关。A. applied to应用；B. blamed on负责；C. informed of通知；D. associated with联系。根据前文“student debt is negatively correlated with financial and physical health and sense of purpose”可知，学生债务与财务、身体健康和目标感呈负相关，并且与毕业后长达25年的低幸福感相关。故选D。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们唯一能肯定地说的是:“这要看情况。”取决于什么方面？每个人的独特属性。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. otherwise否则；D. furthermore此外，更新一步。此处表示因果关系。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fates命运；B. decisions决定；C. attributes属性；D. inputs投入。根据后文“each person”可知，此处上大学的意义取决于个人的属性和状况。故选C。
13．考查迷名词词义辨析。句意：我可以向你保证，一个人在大学里无法茁壮成长的首要因素，就是一开始就不想上大学。A. qualification资格；B. coverage覆盖，涵盖；C. witness目击者，见证；D. predictor预示。根据“of a failure”可知，此处表示失败的预示，表明孩子已经不想上大学了。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易把自己的愿望投射到孩子身上——试着通过他们看到自己的潜力。A. project预算，投射；B. owe欠；C. adjust调整；D. prefer偏爱。根据后文“our own desires onto our kids”可知，家长容易把自己的愿望投射到孩子身上。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：席卷我们文化的全民大学热忽视了孩子们必须培养和分享的天赋。A. highlights突显；B. justifies裁决；C. ignores忽视；D. visualizes可视化。根据前文“overtaken much of our culture ”可知，全民大学热忽视了孩子们必须培养和分享的天赋。故选C。
【答案】
16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是我们生活在一个社交媒体正在改变我们的人际交流的时代，我们正在忘记如何真实地对待彼此，坦诚很难，但是如果缺乏坦诚，我们彼此就无法沟通，因此我们可以从小事做起，学会坦诚。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那副墨镜不适合你。A. fit适合；B. suit适合；C. adapt适应；D. attract吸引。由下一段的“my friend’s honesty”可知，朋友是告诉作者墨镜不适合作者，fit是大小尺寸上适合，suit是款式，风格上适合，因此空格处用suit，故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的不是对墨镜的洞察力，而是我朋友的诚实。A. certainty确定性；B. anxiety焦虑；C. worry担心；D. insight洞悉，了解。由上文“Those sunglasses just don’t ____1____ you”可知，作者朋友说的那句话是基于朋友对墨镜的洞察，故选D。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不是在批评我。A. critical批判的；B. practical实际的；C. frank坦白的；D. professional专业的。由上文“Those sunglasses just don’t ____1____ you”可知，作者朋友说墨镜不适合作者，表面看来是批判，但是作者认为不是，故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她真的是为了我好，所以她冒着冒犯别人的风险告诉我我需要听的。A. minded介意；B. risked冒……的危险；C. avoid避免；D. enjoyed喜欢。由后文“causing offense to tell me what I needed to hear”可知，她冒着冒犯别人的风险告诉作者他需要听的，故选B。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们生活在一个社交媒体正在改变我们人际交流的时代。A. direct直接的；B. interpersonal人际的；C. private私下的；D. public公共的。由后文“communications”可知，此处指的是人际交流，故选B。
21．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们“喜欢”我们可能根本不喜欢的人的照片，并在别人的帖子上留下不真诚和无意义的评论。A. at first起初；B. at once立刻；C. at all（否定句）根本；D. at last最终。由上文“We “like” the pictures of people”可知，like带有引号，表示反话，因此句子表示“我们“喜欢”我们可能根本不喜欢的人的照片”，空格处是“根本”，故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们“喜欢”我们可能根本不喜欢的人的照片，并在别人的帖子上留下不真诚和无意义的评论。A. incorrect不正确的；B. insincere不真诚的；C. instant立刻的；D. indifferent冷淡的。由后文“and meaningless”可知，句子表示“在别人的帖子上留下不真诚和无意义的评论”，故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们正在忘记如何对彼此坦诚。A. losing失去；B. caring关心；C. forgetting忘记；D. considering考虑。由后文“how to be real with each other”及前面的“leave comments on other people’s posts that are ____7____ and meaningless”可知，句子表示“我们正在忘记如何对彼此坦诚”，故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和一个牙齿上有口红的熟人聊天，我们假装没有注意到。A. acquaintance熟人；B. stranger陌生人；C. staff全体员工；D. foreigner外国人。由后文“who has lipstick on her teeth and we pretend not to notice”和“We see our friend wearing an awful outfit and reassure her it’s fine”可知，我们和一个牙齿上有口红的熟人聊天，我们假装没有注意到，故选A。
25．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们忽略电话，或者假装很忙，而不是告诉别人我们不想见他们。A. more than超过；B. less than少于；C. other than除了；D. rather than而不是。由上文“We ignore phone calls, or pretend to be busy”和后文“telling someone we don’t want to see them”可知，句子表示“我们忽略电话，或者假装很忙，而不是告诉别人我们不想见他们”，空格处意为“而不是”，故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的感情受到伤害时，我们会忍气吞声，因为这比面对伤害我们的人要容易得多。A. lay放置；B. eat吃；C. swallow吞下；D. set设置。由后文“it down, because it’s far less difficult than facing the person who hurts us”可知，当我们的感情受到伤害时，我们会忍气吞声，因为这比面对伤害我们的人要容易得多，空格处意为“吞下”，故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，一旦危机结束，我们可能会在之后写下我们的情感问题。A. story故事；B. crisis危机；C. case情况；D. task任务。由后文“We don’t talk about these problems”可知，一旦危机结束，我们可能会在之后写下我们的情感问题，故选B。
28．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们深陷其中时，我们不会谈论这些问题，因为它们让我们害怕，让我们软弱。A. and和；B. so因此；C. while当……的时候；D. or或者。由后文“we’re deep in them, because they’re scary and make us weak”可知，句子表示“当我们深陷其中时，我们不会谈论这些问题”，故选C。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，当事情搞砸了——当我们进了医院，或者失业了——我们的朋友都很震惊，因为他们没有预见到这一切的到来。A. fall apart土崩瓦解；B. take apart拆开；C. break apart使……分裂开；D. draw apart分离。由后文“when we end up in hospital, or unemployed”可知，事情搞砸了，也就是一切都土崩瓦解，故选A。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：坦率地告诉你的朋友，你不会参加她的派对，但你希望她一切都好。A. frankly坦白地；B. regretfully懊悔地；C. briefly简短地；D. exactly确切地。由后文“that you won’t be at her party”可知，句子表示“坦率地告诉你的朋友”，故选A。
【答案】
31．B 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．D 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．D 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述人们对2022年北京冬奥会上使用的人造雪的态度。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：北京冬天通常不会下很多雪，所以北京2022年冬季奥运会的场馆里正在使用人造雪，白雪的质量得到了许多运动员甚至官员的赞扬。A. attention关注；B. praise表扬；C. response回应；D. effort努力。根据下文“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever 3 on”可知，人造雪的质量得到了许多运动员甚至官员的赞扬。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人造雪赋予了赛道更好更稳定的质量。A. active积极的；B. possible可能的；C. stable稳定的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was 15 up, because it would be more 16 to use natural snow as it 17 more easily and brings safety risks.”可知，自然雪很危险，所以反之，人造雪相对来说是比较安全的，即使得赛道有更好更稳定的质量。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是至今为止我曾经滑过的最好的人造雪赛道。A. played玩耍；B. skied滑雪；C. worked工作；D. stood站立。根据下文“American freestyle skier”可知，说这句话的人是一名滑雪运动员，所以他在人造雪赛道上滑雪。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国自由滑雪运动员Ashley Caldwell在新闻发布会上说。A. press新闻；B. term学期；C. firm公司；D. office办公室。根据下文“conference”可知，上文是他在新闻发布会上说的话。press conference“新闻发布会”的意思。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在获得了许多运动员在训练期间和头几天的比赛的反馈之后，国际奥委会体育总监基特·麦康奈尔说，参加的人都相信人造雪非常出色。A. news新闻；B. letter信；C. feedback反馈；D. argument争论。根据下文“from many athletes through the training period and first days of 6 ”可知，运动员使用了之后做出的评价和意见属于反馈。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. stay待；B. break打破；C. attempt试图；D. competition比赛，竞争。根据上文“the training period and first days of”可知，运动员们经过了训练之后就是比赛了。故选D。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. complain抱怨；B. predict预测；C. guess猜测；D. believe相信。根据下文“the artificial snow is outstanding.”可知，这是他们做出的高度的评价，所以是他们相信人造雪是非常出色的。故选D。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重点是以可持续的方式做到这一点，同时确保运动员拥有一个优秀的比赛场地，在这个场地上进行奥林匹克级别的比赛。A. ensuring确保；B. refusing拒绝；C. leading领导；D. forcing逼迫。根据下文“the athletes have an outstanding field of play on which to 9 at the Olympic level”可知，人造雪的作用是要保障运动员拥有一个优秀的比赛场地。故选A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. finish完成；B. compete比赛，竞争；C. fetch去取回；D. advance推进。根据上文“athletes”可知，这个场地是运动员要在上面比赛的地方。故选B。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：国际滑雪联合会高山滑雪委员会主席，前瑞士世界杯高山滑雪赛手，北京延庆国家高山滑雪中心的赛道的设计师之一Russi，告诉中国中央电视台，“我认为我们设计的赛道就像是滑雪者的天堂。”A. leader领导者；B. director导演；C. athlete运动员；D. designer设计师。根据下文“I think for the skiers the course we designed is just like paradise.”可知，Russi是一名设计师。故选D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有时候人造雪会跟天然雪混合，但是在过去的5到10年里，人造雪已经被用在了大部分的比赛中。A. mixed混合；B. compared比较；C. finished完成；D. helped帮助。根据下文“with natural snow, artificial snow has 12 been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years”可知，人造雪是和天然的雪混合在一起使用的。故选A。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. exactly准确的说；B. mostly大部分；C. partly部分；D. rarely几乎不。根据上文“Although”可知，2个小分句之间是转折的关系，所以是虽然混合在一起，但是人造雪已经被用在了大部分的比赛中。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月7日，在为比赛的准备期间，张家口的崇礼县看到了今年冬天的第一场雪。A. ending结尾；B. beginning开始；C. preparation准备；D. admission允许。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was 15 up”可知，下的天然雪被铲掉了，说明还没有到比赛时间，应该是比赛前的准备期间。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. gave给；B. raised提升；C. rose升起；D. saw看见。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was 15 up”可知，那里下了20厘米厚的自然雪。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是20厘米厚的雪被清理干净了，因为使用天然雪会更危险，因为它更容易掉落，并带来安全风险。A. bought买；B. made做；C. cleaned打扫干净；D. used使用。根据下文“because it would be more 16 to use natural snow as it 17 more easily and brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪更危险，所以被打扫干净了。故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. dangerous危险的；B. proper恰当的；C. secure安全的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪更危险。故选A。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. cheers up欢呼；B. turns down关小，拒绝；C. falls off掉落；D. keeps back退后。根据下文“brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪危险的原因是它容易掉落。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有人担心造雪用水过多会对环境造成危害。A. points点，意义；B. concerns担心；C. senses感觉；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“environmental hazards”可知，有环境危害，所以人们会有担心。故选B。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：北京2022年的造雪机从造雪开始就完全使用可再生能源。A. completely完全地；B. extremely极其；C. slightly稍微；D. fairly相当。根据下文“For water from melted snow, we have a reservoir and two lakes which can 20 it so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”可知，造雪机从造雪开始就完全使用可再生能源。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于从融雪中提取的水，我们有一个水库和两个湖，可以储存水，这样水就可以用于农业、灌溉、旅游和园林绿化。A. dry烘干；B. clean打扫干净；C. feed喂养；D. store储存。根据下文“so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”可知，这些水被储存起来，用于农业、灌溉、旅游和园林绿化。故选D。
【答案】
51．B 52．C 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．D 60．D 61．A 62．B 63．D 64．C 65．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己申请读康奈尔大学的经历告诉我们，当有人说我们不行时，我们需要有人告诉我们“你能行”，我们需要鼓励，也应该积极地鼓励他人。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老师说他们不会接受我，即使他们接受了，我也无法熬过这几年。A. get得到；B. make使成功；C. believe相信；D. catch抓住。根据上文中的“My teacher said they wouldn’t accept me”可知，作者的老师认为就算这所大学录取了作者，作者也无法成功毕业。make it表示“获得成功”，故选B。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我差点就退缩了，但几天后，我遇到了以前当老师的Ivan Foldfarb，他坚定地告诉我。A. stood by袖手旁观；B. pulled through渡过难关；C. drew back退却；D. turned away转过脸。由上文“they wouldn’t accept me and even if they did I wouldn’t be able to ____1____ it through the years”可知，英语老师的话让作者感到灰心，以至于作者几乎要退缩。故选C。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我差点就退缩了，但几天后，我遇到了以前当老师的Ivan Foldfarb，他坚定地告诉我。A. honestly真诚地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. firmly坚定地；D. delightedly高兴地。根据下文中的“You apply. You can do it”和“I put in my application”可知，作者以前的老师坚定地（firmly）说了这些话。故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话使一切变得不同。A. sense感觉；B. excuses借口；C. messes混乱；D. difference不同。根据下文的“I put in my application”可知，这位老师的话对作者影响很大。make all the difference意为“关系重大，大不相同”。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提交了申请，被录取了。A. permitted允许；B. admitted接收（入学）；C. assisted帮助；D. approached接近。根据上文的““You apply. You can do it” His words made all the ____4____. I put in my application and”可知，作者成功被录取（admitted）了。故选B。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常认为帮助别人认识到“现实”是我们的责任。A. responsibility责任；B. fault过错；C. honour荣誉；D. schedule安排表。由后文的“We think we must point out how ____7____ the job market is as well as how bad the economy is”可知，此处表示我们经常认为自己有责任（responsibility）帮助别人认识现实。故选A。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们认为我们必须指出就业市场是多么拥挤，以及经济是多么糟糕。A. considerable相当大的；B. stable稳定的；C. promising有前途的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据空后的“as well as how bad the economy is”可知，经济不好，就业市场也不容乐观。crowded“拥挤的”形象地描述了就业市场竞争的激烈。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个世界从不缺少“现实主义者”和悲观主义者。A. speakers演讲者；B. realists现实主义者；C. supporters支持者；D. guides向导。根据上文中的“reality”和空后的“and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers”可知，这个世界从不缺少“现实主义者（realists）”和悲观主义者。故选B。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了愿望，你就有能力让它发生。A. fondness喜欢；B. effect影响；C. optimism乐观主义；D. desire渴望。此处是鼓励者说的话，再结合后面的“have the power to make it happen”可知，desire“愿望，渴望”符合语境。故选D。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会遇到很多障碍，但我们会完成这个项目的A. overcome克服；B. ignore忽视；C. create创造；D. meet遇见。根据空后的“but we’ll get the project finished”可知，此处表示我们可能会遇到（meet）很多阻碍。故选D。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使你失败了，它也会带来更有价值的东西。A. worthwhile有价值的；B. influential有影响力的；C. uncommon不常见的；D. complex复杂的。根据“Even if you fail”可知，此处表示就算你失败了，你也能得到更有价值的东西。故选A。
62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我们每个人都喜欢和能激发出我们最好一面的人一起工作。A. bring up养大；B. bring out使显示；C. bring in引进；D. bring down降低。由后文的“the best in us”和“We love being around people who bring us _____13_____ and uplift us”可知，此处表示能够激发出我们最好的一面的人，空格处是“使显示”，故选B。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢和能带给我们快乐和鼓舞我们的人在一起。A. challenge挑战；B. opportunity机会；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure快乐。由后文的“uplift us.”可知，句子表示“我们喜欢和能带给我们快乐和鼓舞我们的人在一起”，因此空格处是“快乐”，故选D。
64．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们会永远记住那些消极的人，我们会永远珍惜那些鼓励我们的人。A. When当……的时候；B. If如果；C. While尽管；D. Unless除非。由后文的“we’ll always remember the negative people”和“we will always treasure those who encourage us”可知，句子表示“尽管我们总会记得那些消极的人，但是我们也总会珍视鼓励我们的人”，故选C。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很重要，我们都需要它。A. spreads传播；B. progresses进步；C. matters重要；D. cares在意。根据下文中的“and we all need it”可知， 此处表示鼓励很重要。故选C。