2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练-夹叙夹议文完形填空（word版附答案解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练-夹叙夹议文完形填空（word版附答案解析） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 37.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-01 12:29:10 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——夹叙夹议文
文体解读
夹叙夹议文类的完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起该者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。.这类文章的组织方式一般有以下三种结构：事例一观点；观点一事例；观点一事例一观点。
[典例]
2019 年全国卷Ⅰ的完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文，难度较大，文章介绍了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染状况以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。作者认为，乞力马扎罗山安宁的环境并没有因为络绎不绝的游客而被破坏。文章虽然长，难理解，但学生若能抓住每段的中心词，便能概括出每段的中心意思，从而得出文章的主旨大意。如下图：
第一段的中心词是 damage，暗示乞力马扎罗山的环 境已经被污染；第二段的中心词是 skeptical，说明作者对 于既有的观点持怀疑态度；第三段的中心词是 change，说 明作者亲自登山体验后发现该山的环境已经有了很大的改观；第四段的中心词是 experience，暗示本段主要讲述作者在登山过程中的体验，亲身经历了五种生态系统；第五段的中心词是 deserve its reputation，作者明确给出结论“I found the opposite to be true.”，说明作者认为该山在当地机构的努力治理下已经发生了很大的变化，并不像人 们认为的那样。我们可以把文章进一步划分为三个部分：篇首——乞力马扎罗山的污染问题；篇中——对上述问题提出质疑，并进行验证、说明；篇尾——得出结论。
精练必刷题：
1
（2021·天津）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely ____1____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't ____4____.
I didn't ____5____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. ____6____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ____7____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough ____8____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____9____ between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____10_____ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _____11_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _____12_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____13_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song _____14_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____15_____. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _____16_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to _____17_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything _____18_____ the first time and that good things come with continual _____19_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____20_____.
1. A. mature B. different C. content D. normal
2. A. disliked B. preferred C. replaced D. abandoned
3. A. writer B. leader C. painter D. performer
4. A. get along B. drop by C. show off D. check in
5. A. try B. mind C. enjoy D. delay
6. A. In particular B. In vain C. In return D. In theory
7. A. humorous B. ordinary C. competitive D. grateful
8. A. above B. below C. near D. without
9. A. issue B. contrast C. agreement D. balance
10. A. struggled B. expected C. promised D. decided
11. A. began B. allowed C. stopped D. continued
12. A. hated B. experienced C. accepted D. wanted
13. A. help B. invite C. join D. admire
14. A. gracefully B. suddenly C. fiercely D. cautiously
15. A. limit B. sentence C. mistake D. philosophy
16. A. rude B. angry C. surprised D. excited
17. A. lose B. share C. reduce D. maintain
18. A. wrong B. right C. back D. down
19. A. luck B. absence C. effort D. fear
20. A. fight B. noise C. quiet D. safety
2
（2021·全国卷 ）Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___21___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___22___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___23___. We had a woman patient who was ___24___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___25___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___26___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___27___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___28___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___29___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____30_____ at her recovery. As she was _____31_____ she was eager to say _____32_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____33_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____34_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____35_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____36_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____37_____ I had. I take that as a _____38_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____39_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____40_____ and should be rewarded.
21. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
22. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
23. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
24. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
25. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
26. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
27. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
28. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
29. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
30. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
31. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
32. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
33. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
34. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
35. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
36. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
37. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
38. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
39. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
40. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
3
（2021·浙江）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____41____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____42____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____43____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____44____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____45____and like-minded that it was very____46____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____47____. We had to____48____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____49____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____50____a stairway out of rock. This____51____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____52____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____53____of knowing that my____54____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____55____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____56____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____57____part of my tent.
____58____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____59____. I think I am much____60____for having taken part in the project.
41. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
42. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
44. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
45. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
46. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
47. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
48. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
49. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
50. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
51. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
52. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
53. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
54. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
55. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
56. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
57. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
58. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
59. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
60. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
4
(2020年，江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 61 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 62 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 63 of knowing that his life was to change 64 . The class experiment that day was to 65 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 66 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 67 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 68 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 69 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 70 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 71 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 72 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 73 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 74 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 75 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 76 Wilson made to preventing the 77 .
Wilson received several international 78 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 79 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 80 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
61.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
62.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
63.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
64.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
65.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
66.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
67.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
68.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
69.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
70.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
71.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
72.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
73.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
74.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
75.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
76.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
77.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
78.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
79.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
80.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——夹叙夹议文文体解解析部分
夹叙夹议文类的完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起该者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。.这类文章的组织方式一般有以下三种结构：事例一观点；观点一事例；观点一事例一观点。
[典例]
2019 年全国卷Ⅰ的完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文，难度较大，文章介绍了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染状况以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。作者认为，乞力马扎罗山安宁的环境并没有因为络绎不绝的游客而被破坏。文章虽然长，难理解，但学生若能抓住每段的中心词，便能概括出每段的中心意思，从而得出文章的主旨大意。如下图：
第一段的中心词是 damage，暗示乞力马扎罗山的环 境已经被污染；第二段的中心词是 skeptical，说明作者对 于既有的观点持怀疑态度；第三段的中心词是 change，说 明作者亲自登山体验后发现该山的环境已经有了很大的改观；第四段的中心词是 experience，暗示本段主要讲述作者在登山过程中的体验，亲身经历了五种生态系统；第五段的中心词是 deserve its reputation，作者明确给出结论“I found the opposite to be true.”，说明作者认为该山在当地机构的努力治理下已经发生了很大的变化，并不像人 们认为的那样。我们可以把文章进一步划分为三个部分：篇首——乞力马扎罗山的污染问题；篇中——对上述问题提出质疑，并进行验证、说明；篇尾——得出结论。
精练必刷题：
1
（2021·天津）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely ____1____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't ____4____.
I didn't ____5____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. ____6____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ____7____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough ____8____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____9____ between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____10_____ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _____11_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _____12_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____13_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song _____14_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____15_____. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _____16_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to _____17_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything _____18_____ the first time and that good things come with continual _____19_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____20_____.
1. A. mature B. different C. content D. normal
2. A. disliked B. preferred C. replaced D. abandoned
3. A. writer B. leader C. painter D. performer
4. A. get along B. drop by C. show off D. check in
5. A. try B. mind C. enjoy D. delay
6. A. In particular B. In vain C. In return D. In theory
7. A. humorous B. ordinary C. competitive D. grateful
8. A. above B. below C. near D. without
9. A. issue B. contrast C. agreement D. balance
10. A. struggled B. expected C. promised D. decided
11. A. began B. allowed C. stopped D. continued
12. A. hated B. experienced C. accepted D. wanted
13. A. help B. invite C. join D. admire
14. A. gracefully B. suddenly C. fiercely D. cautiously
15. A. limit B. sentence C. mistake D. philosophy
16. A. rude B. angry C. surprised D. excited
17. A. lose B. share C. reduce D. maintain
18. A. wrong B. right C. back D. down
19. A. luck B. absence C. effort D. fear
20. A. fight B. noise C. quiet D. safety
【答案与解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A. mature成熟的；B. different不同的；C. content满意的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. writer作家；B. leader领导者；C. painter画家；D. performer表演者。根据“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A. try试图，努力；B. mind介意；C. enjoy欣赏，享受；D. delay推迟，延误。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。
6. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In vain徒劳；C. In return作为回报；D. In theory理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A. humorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。
8. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，在……之上；B. below在……下面；C. near在……附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A. struggled奋斗，努力；B. expected预期，盼望；C. promised允诺，许诺；D. decided决定。根据“my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。A. began开始；B. allowed允许，准许；C. stopped停止；D. continued继续。根据下文“my brother ____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A. hated厌恶；B. experienced体验，经历；C. accepted接受；D. wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美地，优雅地；B. suddenly突然；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to ____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A. limit限度；B. sentence句子，判决；C. mistake错误；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。
16. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A. rude粗鲁的；B. angry生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B. share分享；C. reduce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。
18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. luck运气；B. absence缺席；C. effort努力；D. fear害怕，担心。根据上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥为什么喜欢安静了。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C. quiet安静，和平；D. safety安全。根据上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。
2
（2021·全国卷 ）Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___21___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___22___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___23___. We had a woman patient who was ___24___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___25___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___26___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___27___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___28___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___29___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____30_____ at her recovery. As she was _____31_____ she was eager to say _____32_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____33_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____34_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____35_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____36_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____37_____ I had. I take that as a _____38_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____39_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____40_____ and should be rewarded.
21. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
22. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
23. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
24. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
25. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
26. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
27. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
28. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
29. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
30. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
31. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
32. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
33. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
34. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
35. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
36. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
37. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
38. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
39. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
40. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案与解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
23. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
26. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
28. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
3
（2021·浙江）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____41____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____42____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____43____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____44____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____45____and like-minded that it was very____46____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____47____. We had to____48____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____49____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____50____a stairway out of rock. This____51____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____52____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____53____of knowing that my____54____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____55____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____56____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____57____part of my tent.
____58____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____59____. I think I am much____60____for having taken part in the project.
41. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
42. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
44. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
45. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
46. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
47. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
48. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
49. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
50. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
51. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
52. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
53. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
54. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
55. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
56. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
57. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
58. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
59. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
60. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
【答案与解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
56. 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
57. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
58. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
59. 考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
60. 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
4
(2020年，江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 61 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 62 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 63 of knowing that his life was to change 64 . The class experiment that day was to 65 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 66 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 67 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 68 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 69 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 70 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 71 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 72 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 73 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 74 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 75 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 76 Wilson made to preventing the 77 .
Wilson received several international 78 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 79 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 80 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
61.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
62.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
63.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
64.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
65.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
66.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
67.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
68.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
69.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
70.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
71.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
72.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
73.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
74.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
75.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
76.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
77.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
78.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
79.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
80.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
【答案】ACADB CABBD DACDB CACDB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
61.考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
62.考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that...our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
63.考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
64.考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
65.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
66.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
67.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
68.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
69.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
70.考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
71.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents...to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had...their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
72.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
73.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ...Wilson made to preventing the...”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
74.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as ..... He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)... public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
75.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
76.考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
77.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
78.考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
79.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
80.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success...fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the...in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
文体解读
夹叙夹议文类的完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起该者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。.这类文章的组织方式一般有以下三种结构：事例一观点；观点一事例；观点一事例一观点。
[典例]
2019 年全国卷Ⅰ的完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文，难度较大，文章介绍了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染状况以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。作者认为，乞力马扎罗山安宁的环境并没有因为络绎不绝的游客而被破坏。文章虽然长，难理解，但学生若能抓住每段的中心词，便能概括出每段的中心意思，从而得出文章的主旨大意。如下图：
第一段的中心词是 damage，暗示乞力马扎罗山的环 境已经被污染；第二段的中心词是 skeptical，说明作者对 于既有的观点持怀疑态度；第三段的中心词是 change，说 明作者亲自登山体验后发现该山的环境已经有了很大的改观；第四段的中心词是 experience，暗示本段主要讲述作者在登山过程中的体验，亲身经历了五种生态系统；第五段的中心词是 deserve its reputation，作者明确给出结论“I found the opposite to be true.”，说明作者认为该山在当地机构的努力治理下已经发生了很大的变化，并不像人 们认为的那样。我们可以把文章进一步划分为三个部分：篇首——乞力马扎罗山的污染问题；篇中——对上述问题提出质疑，并进行验证、说明；篇尾——得出结论。
精练必刷题：
1
（2021·天津）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely ____1____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't ____4____.
I didn't ____5____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. ____6____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ____7____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough ____8____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____9____ between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____10_____ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _____11_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _____12_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____13_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song _____14_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____15_____. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _____16_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to _____17_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything _____18_____ the first time and that good things come with continual _____19_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____20_____.
1. A. mature B. different C. content D. normal
2. A. disliked B. preferred C. replaced D. abandoned
3. A. writer B. leader C. painter D. performer
4. A. get along B. drop by C. show off D. check in
5. A. try B. mind C. enjoy D. delay
6. A. In particular B. In vain C. In return D. In theory
7. A. humorous B. ordinary C. competitive D. grateful
8. A. above B. below C. near D. without
9. A. issue B. contrast C. agreement D. balance
10. A. struggled B. expected C. promised D. decided
11. A. began B. allowed C. stopped D. continued
12. A. hated B. experienced C. accepted D. wanted
13. A. help B. invite C. join D. admire
14. A. gracefully B. suddenly C. fiercely D. cautiously
15. A. limit B. sentence C. mistake D. philosophy
16. A. rude B. angry C. surprised D. excited
17. A. lose B. share C. reduce D. maintain
18. A. wrong B. right C. back D. down
19. A. luck B. absence C. effort D. fear
20. A. fight B. noise C. quiet D. safety
2
（2021·全国卷 ）Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___21___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___22___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___23___. We had a woman patient who was ___24___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___25___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___26___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___27___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___28___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___29___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____30_____ at her recovery. As she was _____31_____ she was eager to say _____32_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____33_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____34_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____35_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____36_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____37_____ I had. I take that as a _____38_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____39_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____40_____ and should be rewarded.
21. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
22. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
23. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
24. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
25. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
26. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
27. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
28. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
29. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
30. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
31. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
32. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
33. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
34. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
35. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
36. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
37. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
38. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
39. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
40. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
3
（2021·浙江）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____41____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____42____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____43____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____44____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____45____and like-minded that it was very____46____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____47____. We had to____48____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____49____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____50____a stairway out of rock. This____51____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____52____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____53____of knowing that my____54____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____55____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____56____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____57____part of my tent.
____58____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____59____. I think I am much____60____for having taken part in the project.
41. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
42. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
44. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
45. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
46. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
47. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
48. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
49. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
50. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
51. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
52. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
53. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
54. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
55. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
56. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
57. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
58. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
59. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
60. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
4
(2020年，江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 61 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 62 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 63 of knowing that his life was to change 64 . The class experiment that day was to 65 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 66 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 67 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 68 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 69 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 70 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 71 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 72 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 73 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 74 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 75 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 76 Wilson made to preventing the 77 .
Wilson received several international 78 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 79 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 80 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
61.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
62.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
63.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
64.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
65.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
66.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
67.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
68.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
69.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
70.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
71.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
72.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
73.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
74.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
75.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
76.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
77.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
78.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
79.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
80.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——夹叙夹议文文体解解析部分
夹叙夹议文类的完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起该者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。.这类文章的组织方式一般有以下三种结构：事例一观点；观点一事例；观点一事例一观点。
[典例]
2019 年全国卷Ⅰ的完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文，难度较大，文章介绍了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染状况以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。作者认为，乞力马扎罗山安宁的环境并没有因为络绎不绝的游客而被破坏。文章虽然长，难理解，但学生若能抓住每段的中心词，便能概括出每段的中心意思，从而得出文章的主旨大意。如下图：
第一段的中心词是 damage，暗示乞力马扎罗山的环 境已经被污染；第二段的中心词是 skeptical，说明作者对 于既有的观点持怀疑态度；第三段的中心词是 change，说 明作者亲自登山体验后发现该山的环境已经有了很大的改观；第四段的中心词是 experience，暗示本段主要讲述作者在登山过程中的体验，亲身经历了五种生态系统；第五段的中心词是 deserve its reputation，作者明确给出结论“I found the opposite to be true.”，说明作者认为该山在当地机构的努力治理下已经发生了很大的变化，并不像人 们认为的那样。我们可以把文章进一步划分为三个部分：篇首——乞力马扎罗山的污染问题；篇中——对上述问题提出质疑，并进行验证、说明；篇尾——得出结论。
精练必刷题：
1
（2021·天津）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely ____1____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't ____4____.
I didn't ____5____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. ____6____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ____7____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough ____8____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____9____ between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____10_____ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _____11_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _____12_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____13_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song _____14_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____15_____. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _____16_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to _____17_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything _____18_____ the first time and that good things come with continual _____19_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____20_____.
1. A. mature B. different C. content D. normal
2. A. disliked B. preferred C. replaced D. abandoned
3. A. writer B. leader C. painter D. performer
4. A. get along B. drop by C. show off D. check in
5. A. try B. mind C. enjoy D. delay
6. A. In particular B. In vain C. In return D. In theory
7. A. humorous B. ordinary C. competitive D. grateful
8. A. above B. below C. near D. without
9. A. issue B. contrast C. agreement D. balance
10. A. struggled B. expected C. promised D. decided
11. A. began B. allowed C. stopped D. continued
12. A. hated B. experienced C. accepted D. wanted
13. A. help B. invite C. join D. admire
14. A. gracefully B. suddenly C. fiercely D. cautiously
15. A. limit B. sentence C. mistake D. philosophy
16. A. rude B. angry C. surprised D. excited
17. A. lose B. share C. reduce D. maintain
18. A. wrong B. right C. back D. down
19. A. luck B. absence C. effort D. fear
20. A. fight B. noise C. quiet D. safety
【答案与解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A. mature成熟的；B. different不同的；C. content满意的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. writer作家；B. leader领导者；C. painter画家；D. performer表演者。根据“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A. try试图，努力；B. mind介意；C. enjoy欣赏，享受；D. delay推迟，延误。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。
6. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In vain徒劳；C. In return作为回报；D. In theory理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A. humorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。
8. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，在……之上；B. below在……下面；C. near在……附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A. struggled奋斗，努力；B. expected预期，盼望；C. promised允诺，许诺；D. decided决定。根据“my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。A. began开始；B. allowed允许，准许；C. stopped停止；D. continued继续。根据下文“my brother ____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A. hated厌恶；B. experienced体验，经历；C. accepted接受；D. wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美地，优雅地；B. suddenly突然；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to ____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A. limit限度；B. sentence句子，判决；C. mistake错误；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。
16. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A. rude粗鲁的；B. angry生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B. share分享；C. reduce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。
18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. luck运气；B. absence缺席；C. effort努力；D. fear害怕，担心。根据上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥为什么喜欢安静了。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C. quiet安静，和平；D. safety安全。根据上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。
2
（2021·全国卷 ）Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___21___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___22___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___23___. We had a woman patient who was ___24___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___25___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___26___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___27___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___28___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___29___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____30_____ at her recovery. As she was _____31_____ she was eager to say _____32_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____33_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____34_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____35_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____36_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____37_____ I had. I take that as a _____38_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____39_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____40_____ and should be rewarded.
21. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
22. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
23. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
24. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
25. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
26. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
27. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
28. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
29. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
30. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
31. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
32. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
33. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
34. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
35. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
36. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
37. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
38. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
39. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
40. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案与解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
23. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
26. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
28. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
3
（2021·浙江）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____41____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____42____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____43____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____44____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____45____and like-minded that it was very____46____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____47____. We had to____48____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____49____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____50____a stairway out of rock. This____51____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____52____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____53____of knowing that my____54____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____55____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____56____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____57____part of my tent.
____58____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____59____. I think I am much____60____for having taken part in the project.
41. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
42. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
44. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
45. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
46. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
47. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
48. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
49. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
50. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
51. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
52. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
53. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
54. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
55. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
56. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
57. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
58. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
59. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
60. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
【答案与解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
56. 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
57. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
58. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
59. 考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
60. 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
4
(2020年，江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 61 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 62 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 63 of knowing that his life was to change 64 . The class experiment that day was to 65 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 66 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 67 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 68 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 69 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 70 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 71 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 72 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 73 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 74 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 75 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 76 Wilson made to preventing the 77 .
Wilson received several international 78 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 79 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 80 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
61.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
62.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
63.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
64.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
65.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
66.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
67.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
68.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
69.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
70.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
71.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
72.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
73.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
74.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
75.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
76.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
77.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
78.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
79.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
80.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
【答案】ACADB CABBD DACDB CACDB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
61.考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
62.考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that...our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
63.考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
64.考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
65.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
66.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
67.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
68.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
69.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
70.考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
71.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents...to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had...their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
72.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
73.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ...Wilson made to preventing the...”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
74.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as ..... He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)... public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
75.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
76.考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
77.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
78.考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
79.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
80.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success...fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the...in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。