Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy
Grammar and Usage教学设计
科目:英语 课题:Grammar and Usage 课时:1课时
教学目标与核心素养:
知识目标:在语境中探索、学习、理解、总结现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态的意义和用法
能力目标:在口头和书面表达中,能正确地使用被动语态表述现实生活中与体育相关的话题,如:宣传、评价体育中心、谈论校体育运动会等等
情感目标:领悟体育不仅可以强身健体,更有助于培养人们顽强的性格、超越自我的品质、迎接挑战的意志和承担风险
的能力
教学重难点
教学重点:学习现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态的意义和用法
教学难点:现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态在不同的生活、学习场景中的运用
课前准备:多媒体,黑板,粉笔
教学过程:
一、Pre-class
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动:教师让学生阅读P20 part A部分,然后回答下列两个问题。
(1) What's the leaflet about
It's about the facilities and courses of a sports centre, which will soon be open to the public once again.
(2) How can you find more details about the courses
We can find more details about the courses on the website of the sports centre.
学生活动:再次阅读Part A,完成表格。
Passive voice in the present continuous tense The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool...Weight training classes, for example, are being designed …
Passive voice in the present perfect tense Our facilities have been enlarged and redone ……and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment.… our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options …
活动目的:通过活动以及总结,学生大致了解本堂课所学语法知识。
二、While-class
教师活动:介绍现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态,并让学生完成相关练习。
现在进行时的被动语态
1.现在进行时的被动语态的结构:
当把现在进行时的主动语态的句子变为被动语态时,往往在be动词后加上一个being来体现现在进行时,然后再把动词的现在分词形式变成过去分词来表示被动,即:be (am/is/are) + being + done。
肯定结构 be (am/is/are) being done
否定结构 be (am/is/are)+ not + being done
一般疑问结构 be (am/is/are) +主语+being done
特殊疑问结构 特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+being done
2.现在进行时的被动语态的用法:
(1)表示正在进行或发生的被动动作。
(2)表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在进行的被动动作,但这一被动动作在此时不一定正在发生。
(3)表示按计划、安排主语将要承受某个动作。
(4)表示一种经常性或习惯性的被动行为,常与always,forever,continually,constantly等词连用,往往带有赞扬、责备、厌烦及埋怨等感彩。
【注意】
主动语态变被动语态的原则:
“三变”:主语变为by短语,宾语变为主语,谓语由主动变为被动;
“三不变”:原句意思不变,原句时态不变,原句主谓宾以外的成分不变。
They are building nine parks. → Nine parks are being built by them.
现在完成时的被动语态
1.现在完成时的被动语态的构成:
现在完成时的被动语态的结构为has/have been done,使用has been done时主语为单数,使用have been done时主语为复数。
2.现在完成时的被动语态的含义:
现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动动作,它有两层意思:
(1)动作已完成,强调对现在造成的影响或结果。
(2)主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系。
3.现在完成时的被动语态的用法:
(1)用于不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
(2)用于动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时。
(3)用于可以说出动作的执行者,但动作的承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时。
(4)用于动作的执行者不是人时。
(5)用于出于礼貌、委婉而避免提及自己或对方时。
4.现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式:
肯定式 主语+have/has been done
否定式 主语+have/has not been done
一般疑问式 Have/Has+主语+been done
特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done
5.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态:
(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We have built many houses in the past ten years.(主动)
→Many houses have been built in the past ten years.(被动)
(2)带有双宾语的动词,如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留不动。
We have given him a book.(主动)
→He has been given a book.(被动)
→A book has been given to him.(被动)
(3)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾语补足语成为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的,被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I found him lying on the floor.(主动)
→He was found lying on the floor.(被动)
三、After-class
1. 学生活动:学生完成P21活动B1。
(1) The city government is building a new community sports centre.
A new community sports centre is being built (by the city government).
(2) Some workers are painting the walls in the workout rooms.
The walls in the workout rooms are being painted (by some workers).
(3) People have told me the new workout rooms are very modern.
I have been told that the new workout rooms are very modern.
(4) Jenny's PE teacher has asked her to make an exercise plan.
Jenny has been asked to make an exercise plan (by her PE teacher).
(5) The teachers are testing students on their knowledge of fitness.
Students are being tested on their knowledge of fitness (by the teachers).
教师活动:教师指导学生完成B2活动,并校对答案。
参考答案:(1) are being made (2) have been put (3) are being tested (4) have been designed (5)has been built
学生活动:思考What aspects does the review include
It includes the preparations made for the reopening of the Community Sports Centre: new and modern facilities, courses and the coach. It also talks about something that still needs to be done: a basketball court should be built.
活动目的:师生共同回顾文本的内容,帮助学生巩固所学的内容。在此基础上,学生通过小组活动讨论本堂课的一些难点并提出相关问题,以确定学生的掌握程度。
四、Summary
现在进行时的被动语态的基本概述
现在进行时的被动语态的用法
现在进行时的被动语态的注意事项
现在完成时的被动语态的基本概述
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项
作业布置:
完成课后练习
让学生用今天所学的知识造句。
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