(共37张PPT)
人教新目标版 九年级全册
Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.
Section A Grammar Focus-4c
Learning objectives
Knowledge objectives:
1. 熟练掌握以下词汇和短语
intelligent,comfortable,salty,inexpensive.
2. 熟练掌握以下句型
1. The music is great because you can dance to it.
2. You can take this CD to a party.
3. Some of the singers don’t sing the words clearly.
Skill objectives:
1. 进行一步巩固学习所学的生词和词组, 熟练掌握that/which/who引导的定语从句的用法。
2.观察并归纳定语从句的用法，培养语法结构分析，从而提升语言综合运用能力。
3. 通过4a和4b练习，进一步巩固知识。
Emotional objectives:
通过学习定语从句，认识到中英语语言上的相似性和差异性。
Thinking quality objectives:
通过语法结构的学习,思考如何运用语法结构帮助我们提高英语的听、说、读、写的能力。
Lead in
Let’s watch a video.
Can you find the Attributive Clauses and write them down
It must be a toy car ________________________________.
This is the house ____________________________.
He is a man __________________________.
1975 is the year ______________.
This house is the place _________________________.
This is the reason ____________________________________.
The Attributive Clause
【定语从句】
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
这一定是一辆可以组装(assemble)的玩具车
Let’s translate！
这栋房子的主人是个俊男。
他的父亲是个仁慈的老人。
1975年是我出生的那一年。
这所房子是我度过童年的地方。
这就是我如此熟悉他们的原因。。
that/which can be assembled【组装】
whose owner is a handsome man
whose father is a kind old man
when I was born
where I spent my childhood
why (for which) I’m so familiar with them
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
What kind of music do you like I love music that/which I can sing along with.
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
What kind of movies do you like I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen like She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
你喜欢什么样的音乐？
我喜欢我可以随着一起唱的音乐。
Xu Fei喜欢什么样的团体？
他更喜欢演奏安静、缓慢的歌曲的团体。
你喜欢什么类型的电影？
我更喜欢给我一些思考的电影。
Carmen喜欢什么样的音乐家？
她喜欢演奏各种音乐的音乐家。
Grammar focus
What kind of music do you like I love music that/which I can sing along with.
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
What kind of movies do you like I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen like She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
Read the sentences belowand find out the Attributive Clauses.
Grammar focus
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)
要想了解定语从句，那首先要知道什么是_____。简单的说，只要是修饰________的词都称为“定语”。那么_______、____、_____、_______________、________、_______、或相当于形容词的_________等都可以担任定语。
定语
名词/代词
定语的位置一般有两种：用在名词之前的叫_________，用在名词之后的叫_________。
形容词
代词
数词
名词或名词所有格
介词短语
不定式
词或短语
前置定语
后置定语
语法概述
如：The black bike is mine.
Have you ever met anyone famous
They made paper flowers.
The boys in the room are in Class 3 Grade 9.
I have something to do.
She bought three books.
She is a nice person to work with.
【形容词作前置定语】
【形容词作后置定语】
【名词作定语】
【介词短语作后置定语】
【不定式作后置定语】
【数词作定语】
【不定式作后置定语】
定语从句的本质就是把一个句子变成______________，用来表达单词作定语和介词短语作定语表达不了的内容。用一个_____做定语，这个句子就叫_________。定语从句位置一般放在被修饰词的____。
“大的形容词”
句子
定语从句
后面
如：This is a book.
This is a good book.
This is a book about cars.
This is a book that my mother bought for me.
【前面添加good作定语】
【后面添加介词短语about cars作定语】
【这时候，添加单个形容词，介词短语已不能实现此表达，后面只能添加一个句子来作定语，这个句子就叫定语从句了】
什么是定语从句呢
定语从句的结构
句子结构：主句（先行词）+ （关系词）定语从句
主句
定语从句
先行词
关系词
I like music that is light.
定语从句的关系词与先行词
1、关系词
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系词常有3个作用：_____________、___________、在定语从句中担当一个_____。
引导定语从句
代替先行词
成分
从属连词 类别 从句中词性 替代对象 备注
who/whom 关系代词 名词 替代人 从句中充当宾语时可省略
which 名词 替代物 that 名词 替代人或物 whose 形容词 替代人或物 表示“人的”或“物的”
when 关系副词 副词 替代时间 均来自“介词+which”的替换，介词短语整体相当于副词
where 副词 替代地点 why 副词 替代原因 2、先行词
被定语从句修饰的_________，在__________。有指人的先行词或指物的先行词，先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
名词或代词
定语从句前
如：I know the boys who/that are playing football.
I know the boys (who/that/whom) you talked about.
This is the pen which/that is liked by me.
This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday.
先行词
先行词
先行词
先行词
关系词
关系词
关系词
关系词
关系代词引导的定语从句
所谓关系代词，即同时具备连词、代词两种身份。连词是用来引导句子的，这是定语从句的标志。代词则是对名词、形容词的概括，在所有关系代词中，只有whose为形容词，其余均为名词。
先行词 主语 宾语 定语 替代对象 备注
人 充当宾语时可省略
物 人/物 / who/that
which/that
that
who
whom/that
which/that
that
whose
whose
替代人
替代物
替代人或物
如： 1. China is a country __________ has a long history.
2. This is the book _________ my mother bought me yesterday.
3. The man _______ is standing by the door is her brother.
4. I like the boy ______________ I met at the party.
5. This is my classmate _______ father works in a factory.
6. We study in a classroom _______ windows face to the south.
【结论】
1. 观察例句1看出，country先行词为_____, 且关系词在从句中担任 ______ 成分，所以选用关系词___________。
2. 观察例句2看出，book先行词为____, 且关系词在从句中担任 _____成分，所以选用关系词___________, 也可以全部______。
3. 观察例句3看出，man先行词为____, 且关系词在从句中担任 _____成分，所以选用关系词___________。
4. 观察例句4看出，boy先行词为____, 且关系词在从句中担任 _____成分，所以选用关系词_______________, 也可以全部______。
5. 观察例句5看出，classmate先行词为____, 观察例句6看出，classroom先行词为____,且关系词都在从句中担任 _____成分，所以选用关系词_________。
物
人
主语
宾语
省略
which/that
which/that
物
which/that
which/that
主语
who/that
who/that
人
宾语
who/whom/that
省略
who/whom/that
人
物
定语
whose
whose
whose
总结：关系代词的用法
充当句子成分 被修饰的先行词
who
whom
that
which
whose
主语、宾语
宾语
主语、宾语、表语
主语、宾语
定语
指人的词
指人的词
指人或物的词
指物的词
指人或物的词
只能用that，不用which的情况
先行词中既有人又有物。
He talked about the teachers and schools ______ he visited.
that
先行词为不定代词, 或被它们修饰时。
主句是which/who开头的疑问句。
先行词被两个定语从句修饰。
先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或被两者修饰。
先行词被 the only/the very/all/any/little/few/no等修饰。
Everything ______ we have seen in China is moving.
Which is the bike ______ you lost
He is the student who can jump highest ______ I have ever seen.
The first place ______ they visited in London was Big Ben.
This is the very dictionary ______ he will buy.
that
that
that
that
that
只能用which，不用that的情况
关系代词前有介词且指事物时
先行词本身就是that时
引导非限制性定语从句时
I don’t like that ______ he did.
What is that ______ is on the ground
Football, ______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
This is the house in ______ they live last year.
This is the city in ______ Tom lives.
which
which
which
which
which
定语从句的构成
如：I have a friend. My friend likes Internet stars. (改写为定语从句)
一找：I have a friend. My friend likes Internet stars.
二删：I have a friend. My friend likes Internet stars.
三替：I have a friend. who/that likes Internet stars.
四放：I have a friend who/that likes Internet stars.
(My friend充当主语)
(指人，充当主语)
一找：找两句中相同的成分
二删：删除其中一个相同部分
三替：用关系词替代删除的部分
四放：将关系词放在从句前，将整个从句放到先行词后面。
如：I prefer the music. I can dance to the music. (改写为定语从句)
一找：
二删：
三替：
四放：
I prefer the music. I can dance to the music.
I prefer the music. I can dance to that/which.
I prefer the music. I can dance to the music.
I prefer the music (that/which) I can dance to.
(the book充当定语)
(指物，充当宾语)
如：I’d like to buy the book. The book’s cover is red. (改写为定语从句)
一找：
二删：
三替：
四放：
I’d like to buy the book. The book’s cover is red.
I’d like to buy the book. The book’s cover is red.
I’d like to buy the book. whose cover is red.
I’d like to buy the book whose cover is red.
(the music充当to的宾语)
(指物，充当定语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词同时具备__________两种身份。连词是用来连接_____的，这是定语从句的标志。副词则说明它在从句中充当_____，when/where/why三个关系副词分别指代_________、_________、_________。
连词、副词
句子
状语
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
关系副词 先行词 从句中词性 从句中充当的成分 替代对象 备注
where 表示地点的名词 副词 地点状语 替代时间 来自“in which”的替换，介词短语整体相当于副词
when 表示时间的名词 副词 时间状语 替代地点 why reason 副词 原因状语 替代原因 1、when引导的定语从句
when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常为time, day, week等表示时间的名词。此时常可用on which，in which，during which等替代。
如：I will never forget the day. I met you on the day. （改为定语从句）
一找：I will never forget the day. I met you on the day.
二删：I will never forget the day. I met you on the day.
三替：I will never forget the day. I met you on which.
四放：I will never forget the day on which I met you.
(the day充当on的宾语)
故可演变成：I will never forget the day when I met you. ( on which=when)
“介词+名词”可以视为一个副词：介词+关系代词=关系副词(when/where /why)，都可以写为“介词+which”的形式。
(on which充当状语)
2、where引导的定语从句
where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。它的先行词常为place, house, country等表示地点的名词。此时常可用in which，at which等替代。
如：This is the town. I spend my childhood in the town.（改写为定语从句）
一找：This is the town. I spend my childhood in the town.
二删：This is the town. I spend my childhood in the town.
三替：This is the town. I spend my childhood in which.
四放：This is the town in which I spend my childhood.
“介词+名词”可以视为一个副词：介词+关系代词=关系副词(when/where /why)，都可以写为“介词+which”的形式。
故可演变成：This is the town where I spend my childhood. (in which=where)
(the town充当in的宾语)
(in which充当状语)
3、why引导的定语从句
why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，它的先行词通常为reason。 此时常可用for which替代。
如：I know the reason. I left you for the reason.（改写为定语从句）
一找：I know the reason. I left you for the reason.
二删：I know the reason. I left you for the reason.
三替：I know the reason. I left you for which.
四放：I know the reason for which I left you.
(the reason充当for的宾语)
(for which充当状语)
“介词+名词”可以视为一个副词：介词+关系代词=关系副词(when/where /why)，都可以写为“介词+which”的形式。
故可演变成：I know the reason why I left you. （for which=why）
定语从句中的主谓一致
是指关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式要与先行词一致的问题。先行词是_____时，从句的谓语动词用_____；先行词是_____时，从句的谓语动词用_____。
单数
复数
单数
复数
如：正在踢足球的那个人是我的体育老师。
The man who ____ playing football is my PE teacher.
is
我喜欢自己写音乐的歌手。
I love singers who _____ their own music.
write
“one of+复数可数名词”充当先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用_____形式；“the only/very/right one of+复数可数名词”充当先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用_____形式。
单数
如：汤姆是获奖学生之一。
Tom is one of the students who _____ awarded.
汤姆是学生中唯一一个获奖的。
Tom is the only one of the students who _____ awarded.
复数
were
was
Exercises
The girl _______________ you saw at the meeting is a good swimmer.
2. The town ___________ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.
3. April 1st is a day ____________ is called April Fools’ Day.
4. The girl ___________ often helps me with my English is from No. 8 Middle School.
5.He is the man __________ is ready to help others.
6. The girl ______________ I spoke to just now is my friend.
7.They are talking about a girl and her cat ______ are in the novel.
who/whom/that
which/that
which/that
who/that
who/that
who/whom/that
that
一、选用that, who, whom 或 which填空。
1. The pot is very expensive. It was used by my mom yesterday.
___________________________________________________________
2. The magazine is mine. You read it this morning.
___________________________________________________________
3. The dog is cute. Tom is looking after it.
___________________________________________________________
4. That is the most interesting film. She has seen the film.
___________________________________________________________
二、将下列各题中的两个句子合并为含有that或which引导的定语从句的复合句。
The pot that/which was used by my mom yesterday is very expensive.
The magazine (that/which) you read this morning is mine.
The dog (that/which) Tom is looking after is cute.
That is the most interesting film (that) she has seen.
4a
Choose words from the different columns to make sentences.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
I/You/He/She/We/ They like(s)/ love(s)/ prefer(s) food/clothes/ people/music/ actors/singers/ movies that/which/ who is/are funny/comfortable/
inexpensive/slow/
sweet/salty/loud/
interesting/intelligent
adj. 聪明的
I
like
love
prefer
food/
music/
clothes/
movies/
people/
actors/
singers
that/which
that/who
is
are
funny/
comfortable/
inexpensive/
slow/sweet/
salty/loud/
interesting/
intelligent
He/She
s
s
s
We/You
/ They
根据表格内容，用定语从句写句子，然后比较你们的句子是否相同。
2) 注意： 先行词是物时用that/which引导， 先行词是人时，用who/that引导。
Practice
Choose words from the different columns to make sentences.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
I like clothes that/which are comfortable.
He loves food that/which is sweet.
She prefers singers who/that are intelligent.
They love movies that/which are interesting.
I/You/He/She/We/ They like(s)/ love(s)/ prefer(s) food/clothes/ people/music/ actors/singers/ movies that/which/ who is/are funny/comfortable/
inexpensive/slow/
sweet/salty/loud/
interesting/intelligent
4b
Read Jennifer’s CD review. Then complete the sentences using that, which or who.
Jennifer
that/ which you can dance to.
that/ which you can take to a party.
who write their own lyrics.
that/ which are too long.
who sing the words clearly.
Say something about Jennifer.
Jennifer enjoys listening to music. Her favorite CD is Dance, Dance, Dance. It’s the kind of music that you can dance to. And it’s a CD which you can take to a party. She likes musicians who write their own lyrics. She doesn’t like the songs which are too long. She likes singers who sing the words clearly.
Group work
4c
Make conversations about the kind of things you like and dislike.
What kind of food do you enjoy
I enjoy food that is sweet.
A: What kind of groups do you like
B: I like groups that wear really cool clothes.
A: That’s not really important to me.
I like groups that can sing.
A: What kind of groups don’t you like
B: I don’t like groups that sing others’ songs. ….
Pair work
Homework
1. Do the exercises in students’ book.
2. Review the grammar.
3. Preview the new words on page 69.
谢谢
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