【小升初语法】第8讲：数词（一）有答案
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小升初语法第8讲：数词（一）
知识点讲解与考题精练（有答案）
数词是表示数目多少或顺序多少的词，分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词是基数词，如one, two, three等；表示顺序的数词是序数词，如first, second等。
【知识点1】基数词
基数词表示数量的多少
one apple 一个苹果 ten rabbits 十只兔子
基数词写法和读法
1～12是独立的数词，需逐个记忆
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
13～19在3～9词尾加后缀-teen, 其中13,15,18变化不规则
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
20～90的整十位数在词尾加后缀-ty
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
21～99由十位数和个位数合起来构成的两位数词,需在中间加连字符"-"，如：
21 twenty-one; 32 thirty-two; 95 ninety-five;
(5) 三位以上的数词, 在十位数与百位数之间加and; 若有个位数, 且十位数为零,则在个位数与百位数之间加and，如：
230 (two hundred and thirty); 108 ( one hundred and eight);
(6) 另外，表示“万”的词英语中没有，如1万可用10千来表示：ten thousand; 30万可用three hundred thousand来表示。
100 1,000 1,000,000 1,000,000,000
a/one hundred a/one thousand a/one million a/one billion
注意：
百、千等基数词在表示准确数目时不可用复数，如：
one hundred two hundred nine hundred one thousand ten thousand
100 200 900 1,000 10,000
100以上的表达一定不能漏了and
120 one hundred and twenty
205 two hundred and five
394 three hundred and ninety-four
1000以上的规则为：
1,200 one thousand and two hundred
1,294 one thousand two hundred and ninety-four
1,002 one thousand and two
英语里也没有“亿”的说法，因此就用
one hundred million 表示一亿
如果在hundred, thousand后面加了“s”，则表示约数。一般与“of”连用。
Thousands of students are in the playground. 成千上万名学生在操场上。
【知识点2】序数词
序数词表示排列的顺序，简单说就是第一、第二、第三。它的缩写形式为数词加序数词的最后两个字母，如：first--1st; second--2nd; third--3rd; thirty-first--31st。
基数词变序数词的规则
第1至第19一般是在基数词后加th，如：six--sixth; 但变化特殊的有：
one two three eight five nine twelve
first second third eighth fifth ninth twelfth
逢十的twenty, thirty...ninety, 分别改为ieth
twenty--twentieth; ninety--ninetieth
表示第几十几或第几百几十几，只需将个位数改为序数词
数字 基数词 序数词
56 fifty-six fifty-sixth
631 six hundred and thirty-one six hundred and thirty-first
序数词与冠词
序数词前一般要加定冠词the
It’s the third time I’ve been here. 这是我第三次来这里。
My birthday is on the third of May. 我的生日在5月3日。
表示在原有的基础上增加，即“又一，再一”时，用不定冠词
Shall I ask her a second time 我还要问她一次吗？
下列4种情况不用冠词
① 序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时，不能再用冠词
This is Tom’s second visit to China. 这是汤姆第二次访问中国。
② 表示比赛或考试的名次时，通常省略定冠词
He was (the) second in the English exam. 在这次英语老师中他得了第二名。
③ 序数词被用作副词时不用冠词
I have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业完成好。
④ 在某些习语中不用冠词
at first 起初 first of all首先 at first sight乍一看
【真题解析】
1. ( ) The desk is about ________.
A. 1.2 meter long
B. 1.2 meters long
C. 1.2 long meter
解析：句意为：这个桌子大概1.2米长。英语表达长度的方法是“基数词＋单位词＋形容词”。由1.2可知meter用meters，故选B。
【答案】 B
2. ( ) There are ________ floors in this building.
A.twenty B.twentieth
C.the twentieth D.twelfth
解析：句意为：这座建筑物有二十层。该句表达的是楼层的数量，故用基数词，选项B，C，D是序数词。
【答案】 A
3.( ) Now，class! Please turn to Page ________and look at the pictures.
A. fifth B. the fifth
C. the five D. five
解析：句意为：同学们，现在请翻到第五页看图片。英语中“第几页”要用“Page＋基数词”这样的固定结构来表示，故只有选项D符合。
【答案】 D
二、序数词
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
My father's birthday is on the ________ (three) of September.
解析：句意为：我爸爸的生日在九月三号。表达“几月几号”常用“the＋序数词＋of＋月份”。故用three的序数词third。
【答案】 third
2.( ) I think ________ lesson is the most difficult in this book.
A.first B.one
C.the first D.the one
解析：句意为：我认为第一课是这本书中最难的。由句意可知用序数词，故排除选项B，D。序数词常与冠词the 连用。故选C。
【答案】 C
【考题精练】
一、写出下列基数词所对应的序数词。
two nine
twelve eight
thirteen twenty
5 11
18 21
33 59
写出下列序数词所对应的基数词。
first third
fifteenth thirtieth
forty-second ninety-ninth
用括号内所给数词的正确形式填空.
1.We are in Class________（3）.
2.We have________（12）months of the year. December is the _____________（12）one.
3.This is my________（1）bag.
4.My birthday is Dec.________（21）.
5.I have________（3）books. I like my________（3）book.
单项选择。
( )1.March is month of the year.
A: a three B: the third C: a third
( )2.The class begins at (8:05).
A: five to eight B: eight five C: five eight
( )3.Eight plus eight is .
A: sixteen B: sixty-four C: one
( )4.He is an boy.
A: eight years B: eight-year-old C: eight-years-old
( )5.The wall is .
A: four meters long B: four meter long C: four-meter long
( )6.He lives in .
A: 310 room B: room 310 C: Room 310
( )7.This is my time to play the piano.
A: at second B: two C: second
( )8.The Day of the week is Sunday.
A: first B: one C: oneth
( )9.There are days in a year.
A: three hundreds sixty-five
B: three hundred and sixty-five
C: three hundred and sixty five
( )10.Jack is in .
A:Three Class, One Grade
B: Class Three, Grade One
C: Grade One, Class Three
( )11.Please turn to .
A: Page Two B: Page second
( )12.There are months in a year. December is the month of the year..
A: twelve， twelve B: twelve， twelfth C: twelfth， twelve
( )13.Snow was born .
A: on March 16th 1998 B: on March 1998, 16th C: on 1998, March 16th
( )14.What’s the date today It’s .
A: Friday B: cloudy C: June 4th
( )15.There are minutes in an hour.
A: sixty B: sixtieth C: sixteen D: six
( )16.“How many teachers are there in your university ” “ .”
A: Two hundreds and forty-three B: Two hundred and forty-third
C: Two hundreds and forty-third D: Two hundred and forty-three
( )17.There are English books for us students in the school library.
A: four hundreds and five B: four hundreds five
C: four hundred and five D: four hundred five
( )18.“456” must be read and written in English as .
A: four, five and six B: four hundred and fifty six
C: three hundreds and fifty-six D: four hundred and fifty-six
( )19.May 23 reads .
A: May the twenty-third B: the twenty-third May
C: May the twenty-three D: the twenty-three of May
( )20.By the end of 1993, the peasants had planted trees in their village.
A: two hundreds of B: hundred of
C: two hundreds D: hundreds of
( )21 is Teachers’ Day in China.
A: Tenth September B: September the tenth
C: The of September D:The September tenth
( )22.I am in .
A: Grade 1 Class 3 B: Class 3, Grade 1
C: 3 Class,1 Grade D:Class 3 Grade 1
( )23. children watched the monkey playing with each other in the zoo.
A: About two hundreds B: Hundreds of
C: About two hundred of D: Hundred of
( )24.There are nearly two students in our school now.
A: thousands B: thousands of
C: thousand D: thousand of
( )25. class begins at eight in the morning.
A: One B: The one C: First D:The first
参考答案
一、
second
ninth
twelfth
eighth
thirteenth
twentieth
fifth
eleventh
eighteenth
twenty-first
thirty-three
fifty-ninth
二、
one
three
fifteen
thirty
forty-two
ninety-nine
三、1.three 2.twelve, twelfth 3.first 4.twenty-one 5.three, third
四、1-5 BBABA 6-10 CCABB
11-15 ABACA 16-20 DCDAD 21-25 BBBCD
其实基数词变序数词口诀，如：
基数词变序数词口诀：一、二、三，单独记；八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie；要是遇到两位数，十位基数个位序，th最后加上去。
解析说明：one，two，three序数词分别是first，second，third，需单独记忆。
从第四开始，基数词变为序数词都要加th。
eight变为序数词的时候少个t不加只加h；nine变为序数词要去掉e再加th。
ve结尾的单词five和twelve变为序数词时要把ve改为f，再加th。
y结尾的单词即整十数的单词要把y变为ie，再加th。
如果把几十几的数变为序数词，只把个位上的数变为序数词就可以。
有些数字在变化时易混淆，一定要牢记这些特别容易混淆的词
four 4 fourteen 14 forty 40 fourth 第四
nine 9 nineteen 19 ninety 90 ninth 第九
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
小升初语法第8讲：数词（一）
知识点讲解与考题精练（有答案）
数词是表示数目多少或顺序多少的词，分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词是基数词，如one, two, three等；表示顺序的数词是序数词，如first, second等。
【知识点1】基数词
基数词表示数量的多少
one apple 一个苹果 ten rabbits 十只兔子
基数词写法和读法
1～12是独立的数词，需逐个记忆
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
13～19在3～9词尾加后缀-teen, 其中13,15,18变化不规则
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
20～90的整十位数在词尾加后缀-ty
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
21～99由十位数和个位数合起来构成的两位数词,需在中间加连字符"-"，如：
21 twenty-one; 32 thirty-two; 95 ninety-five;
(5) 三位以上的数词, 在十位数与百位数之间加and; 若有个位数, 且十位数为零,则在个位数与百位数之间加and，如：
230 (two hundred and thirty); 108 ( one hundred and eight);
(6) 另外，表示“万”的词英语中没有，如1万可用10千来表示：ten thousand; 30万可用three hundred thousand来表示。
100 1,000 1,000,000 1,000,000,000
a/one hundred a/one thousand a/one million a/one billion
注意：
百、千等基数词在表示准确数目时不可用复数，如：
one hundred two hundred nine hundred one thousand ten thousand
100 200 900 1,000 10,000
100以上的表达一定不能漏了and
120 one hundred and twenty
205 two hundred and five
394 three hundred and ninety-four
1000以上的规则为：
1,200 one thousand and two hundred
1,294 one thousand two hundred and ninety-four
1,002 one thousand and two
英语里也没有“亿”的说法，因此就用
one hundred million 表示一亿
如果在hundred, thousand后面加了“s”，则表示约数。一般与“of”连用。
Thousands of students are in the playground. 成千上万名学生在操场上。
【知识点2】序数词
序数词表示排列的顺序，简单说就是第一、第二、第三。它的缩写形式为数词加序数词的最后两个字母，如：first--1st; second--2nd; third--3rd; thirty-first--31st。
基数词变序数词的规则
第1至第19一般是在基数词后加th，如：six--sixth; 但变化特殊的有：
one two three eight five nine twelve
first second third eighth fifth ninth twelfth
逢十的twenty, thirty...ninety, 分别改为ieth
twenty--twentieth; ninety--ninetieth
表示第几十几或第几百几十几，只需将个位数改为序数词
数字 基数词 序数词
56 fifty-six fifty-sixth
631 six hundred and thirty-one six hundred and thirty-first
序数词与冠词
序数词前一般要加定冠词the
It’s the third time I’ve been here. 这是我第三次来这里。
My birthday is on the third of May. 我的生日在5月3日。
表示在原有的基础上增加，即“又一，再一”时，用不定冠词
Shall I ask her a second time 我还要问她一次吗？
下列4种情况不用冠词
① 序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时，不能再用冠词
This is Tom’s second visit to China. 这是汤姆第二次访问中国。
② 表示比赛或考试的名次时，通常省略定冠词
He was (the) second in the English exam. 在这次英语老师中他得了第二名。
③ 序数词被用作副词时不用冠词
I have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业完成好。
④ 在某些习语中不用冠词
at first 起初 first of all首先 at first sight乍一看
【真题解析】
1. ( ) The desk is about ________.
A. 1.2 meter long
B. 1.2 meters long
C. 1.2 long meter
解析：句意为：这个桌子大概1.2米长。英语表达长度的方法是“基数词＋单位词＋形容词”。由1.2可知meter用meters，故选B。
【答案】 B
2. ( ) There are ________ floors in this building.
A.twenty B.twentieth
C.the twentieth D.twelfth
解析：句意为：这座建筑物有二十层。该句表达的是楼层的数量，故用基数词，选项B，C，D是序数词。
【答案】 A
3.( ) Now，class! Please turn to Page ________and look at the pictures.
A. fifth B. the fifth
C. the five D. five
解析：句意为：同学们，现在请翻到第五页看图片。英语中“第几页”要用“Page＋基数词”这样的固定结构来表示，故只有选项D符合。
【答案】 D
二、序数词
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
My father's birthday is on the ________ (three) of September.
解析：句意为：我爸爸的生日在九月三号。表达“几月几号”常用“the＋序数词＋of＋月份”。故用three的序数词third。
【答案】 third
2.( ) I think ________ lesson is the most difficult in this book.
A.first B.one
C.the first D.the one
解析：句意为：我认为第一课是这本书中最难的。由句意可知用序数词，故排除选项B，D。序数词常与冠词the 连用。故选C。
【答案】 C
【考题精练】
一、写出下列基数词所对应的序数词。
two nine
twelve eight
thirteen twenty
5 11
18 21
33 59
写出下列序数词所对应的基数词。
first third
fifteenth thirtieth
forty-second ninety-ninth
用括号内所给数词的正确形式填空.
1.We are in Class________（3）.
2.We have________（12）months of the year. December is the _____________（12）one.
3.This is my________（1）bag.
4.My birthday is Dec.________（21）.
5.I have________（3）books. I like my________（3）book.
单项选择。
( )1.March is month of the year.
A: a three B: the third C: a third
( )2.The class begins at (8:05).
A: five to eight B: eight five C: five eight
( )3.Eight plus eight is .
A: sixteen B: sixty-four C: one
( )4.He is an boy.
A: eight years B: eight-year-old C: eight-years-old
( )5.The wall is .
A: four meters long B: four meter long C: four-meter long
( )6.He lives in .
A: 310 room B: room 310 C: Room 310
( )7.This is my time to play the piano.
A: at second B: two C: second
( )8.The Day of the week is Sunday.
A: first B: one C: oneth
( )9.There are days in a year.
A: three hundreds sixty-five
B: three hundred and sixty-five
C: three hundred and sixty five
( )10.Jack is in .
A:Three Class, One Grade
B: Class Three, Grade One
C: Grade One, Class Three
( )11.Please turn to .
A: Page Two B: Page second
( )12.There are months in a year. December is the month of the year..
A: twelve， twelve B: twelve， twelfth C: twelfth， twelve
( )13.Snow was born .
A: on March 16th 1998 B: on March 1998, 16th C: on 1998, March 16th
( )14.What’s the date today It’s .
A: Friday B: cloudy C: June 4th
( )15.There are minutes in an hour.
A: sixty B: sixtieth C: sixteen D: six
( )16.“How many teachers are there in your university ” “ .”
A: Two hundreds and forty-three B: Two hundred and forty-third
C: Two hundreds and forty-third D: Two hundred and forty-three
( )17.There are English books for us students in the school library.
A: four hundreds and five B: four hundreds five
C: four hundred and five D: four hundred five
( )18.“456” must be read and written in English as .
A: four, five and six B: four hundred and fifty six
C: three hundreds and fifty-six D: four hundred and fifty-six
( )19.May 23 reads .
A: May the twenty-third B: the twenty-third May
C: May the twenty-three D: the twenty-three of May
( )20.By the end of 1993, the peasants had planted trees in their village.
A: two hundreds of B: hundred of
C: two hundreds D: hundreds of
( )21 is Teachers’ Day in China.
A: Tenth September B: September the tenth
C: The of September D:The September tenth
( )22.I am in .
A: Grade 1 Class 3 B: Class 3, Grade 1
C: 3 Class,1 Grade D:Class 3 Grade 1
( )23. children watched the monkey playing with each other in the zoo.
A: About two hundreds B: Hundreds of
C: About two hundred of D: Hundred of
( )24.There are nearly two students in our school now.
A: thousands B: thousands of
C: thousand D: thousand of
( )25. class begins at eight in the morning.
A: One B: The one C: First D:The first
参考答案
一、
second
ninth
twelfth
eighth
thirteenth
twentieth
fifth
eleventh
eighteenth
twenty-first
thirty-three
fifty-ninth
二、
one
three
fifteen
thirty
forty-two
ninety-nine
三、1.three 2.twelve, twelfth 3.first 4.twenty-one 5.three, third
四、1-5 BBABA 6-10 CCABB
11-15 ABACA 16-20 DCDAD 21-25 BBBCD
其实基数词变序数词口诀，如：
基数词变序数词口诀：一、二、三，单独记；八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie；要是遇到两位数，十位基数个位序，th最后加上去。
解析说明：one，two，three序数词分别是first，second，third，需单独记忆。
从第四开始，基数词变为序数词都要加th。
eight变为序数词的时候少个t不加只加h；nine变为序数词要去掉e再加th。
ve结尾的单词five和twelve变为序数词时要把ve改为f，再加th。
y结尾的单词即整十数的单词要把y变为ie，再加th。
如果把几十几的数变为序数词，只把个位上的数变为序数词就可以。
有些数字在变化时易混淆，一定要牢记这些特别容易混淆的词
four 4 fourteen 14 forty 40 fourth 第四
nine 9 nineteen 19 ninety 90 ninth 第九
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)