人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 词汇图文讲解课件(共57张PPT)

(共57张PPT)
必修一
natural disasters
Words and Expressions
1. disasters
2. damage
3. rescue
4. revival
5. reflection
part 1
man-made disasters
对于北京国安足球队来说，那天太糟糕了
We can say that it was a disastrous day for the team Beijing Guo’an.
We can say that it was a disaster for the team Beijing Guo’an
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
man-made disaster 人为灾难
disastrous a. 灾难性的 极其糟糕的
/d zɑ:str s/
crash [kr ] v. 碰撞;撞击; 坠毁
n. 撞车;碰撞; 坠毁
crash into... 碰撞...
air crash 空难
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a man-made disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any man-made disasters
He survived the air crash.
他在空难中幸免于难
part 2
natural disasters
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
tornado [t : ne d ]
n.(-oes/-os) 龙卷风;旋风
typhoon [ta fu:n] 台风
这次台风袭击了亚洲的很多国家。
The typhoon struck/hit many countries in Asia.
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
hurricane [ h r k n] : n. 飓风;
风暴
台风和飓风都是热带气旋
台风：发生在北太平洋西部
飓风：大西洋和北太平洋东部地区
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
drought [dra t ] n.旱灾;久旱
这场旱灾已经使至少两千只动物死亡。
The drought has killed at least two thousand animals.
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
landslide [ l ndsla d]
n. (landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
这场持续十小时的大雨造成了许多滑坡。
The ten-hour heavy rain caused lots of landslides
slide [ sla d] v. 滑;滑动
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
tsunami [tsu: nɑ:mi ] 海啸
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
flood [fl d]
n. 洪水;大量
v.淹没;大量涌入 ;使灌满水
形近词：blood n. 血
a flood of 大量
flood into =crowd into 涌入
be flooded with 挤满了...
大量的学生涌入大厅，大厅里挤满了学生
A flood of students flooded into the hall and the hall was flooded with students.
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.灾难;灾害
a natural disaster 自然灾害
Do you know any natural disasters
volcanic eruption
[v l k n k r p n] 火山喷发
volcano [v l ke n ]: n. 火山
【pl.volcanoes / volcanos 】
erupt [ r pt] v. (火山)爆发;
(岩浆/烟等)喷出
eruption n.爆发
magnitude [ m ɡn tju:d ] n. (地)震级; 重大
这次地震的震级是多少？
What was the magnitude of the earthquake
地震按震级大小的分类情况：
弱震：震级小于3 级的地震。
有感地震：震级等于或大于3级、小于或等于⒋5级的地震。
中强震：震级大于⒋5级,小于6级的地震。
强震：震级等于或大于6 级的地震。
唐山地震：8.2级(24万多死亡) (1976.7.28)
汶川地震：8级(8万7千多死亡) (1908.5.12)
智利地震：9.5级(6千多死亡) (1960.5.22)
智利地震是世界有记录的最大地震。
part 3
damage
strike[stra k] v. 击打;侵袭;突击;打动 n.罢工;罢课; 袭击
(struck, struck/stricken)
趁热打铁
Strike the iron when hot.
A storm _________ the city now.
is striking
The clock will______ two.
strike
strike[stra k] v. 侵袭;突击;击打，打动 n.罢工;罢课; 袭击
(struck, struck/stricken)
be struck by 被……打动
sth strike sb = it strikes sb that…
某人突然想起……
我正在读报纸的时候，突然想到一个好主意。
A good idea struck me when I was reading newspaper.
damage [ d m d ] v. 损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
do/cause damage to… 对…造成损害
damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
这次旱灾已经对庄稼造成了巨大的损害。
The drought has done great damage to the crops.
他的车在事故中被损害得很严重。
His car was _____(bad) damaged in the accident.
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。
As we all know, smoking will damage our health.
badly
destroy [d 'str ] v.摧毁;毁灭
(destroyed/destroying)
destruction n.破坏
destructive a.有破坏性的
这栋建筑被大火彻底摧毁了。
The building was destroyed by fire.
他们已经销毁了所有证据。
They have destroyed all the evidence.
ruin ['ru: n] n./v. 破坏;毁坏
be/lie in ruins严重受损;破败不堪
In less than one minute, a large
city lay . (课文原句)
in ruins
◆ damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和 badly、seriously 等副词搭配
◆ destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和 completely、entirely 等副词搭配；
◆ ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了
趣味记忆
crack [kr k]: n.裂纹;裂缝 v. (使)破裂
as if/though 似乎;好像;仿佛
看起来房子要倒塌了。
It looks as if the house will fall down.
她往锅里打了一个鸡蛋
She cracked an egg into the pan.
brick [br k]: n. 砖;砖块
metal ['metl]: n. 金属
形近词：
medal n.奖章
mental a.精神上的
model n.模特 v.模仿
modern a. 现代的 ; 现代化的
Bricks covered the ground like red autuman leaves, but no wind could blow them away .
bury [ beri ] vt.埋葬;安葬；使沉浸；使专心
埋头/专心于……
bury oneself in sth
be buried in sth
他全身心扑在工作上。
He buries himself in his work.
He is buried in his work.
他掩面而泣。
He buried his face in his hands and wept.
trap [tr p] n. 险境;陷阱 v. 使落入险境;使陷入圈套
昨晚她被困在着火的房子里。
She was trapped in the burning house last night.
fall into a trap 落入圈套
trap sb into doing sth 诱使某人干什么
be/become trapped in… 陷入…; 被困在…中
suffer [ s f (r)] vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病/痛苦/悲伤等)受苦
suffer from... 因…而痛苦;患有(疾病等)
suffer pains/losses/damage/defeat/hunger/cold/trouble
经历/遭受……
她可能患有心脏病。
She is likely to suffer from heart disease.
他在选举中遭受了失败。
He suffered a defeat in the election.
suffering n.折磨；苦难
sufferer n.受难者
death [deθ] n. 死;死亡
die: v. 死亡
dead: adj. 死的
deadly: a. 致命的
dying : a. 垂死的 渴望的
pass away: 去世
这次洪涝造成了8人死亡。
The flood caused eight deaths.
猪也渴望自由。
Pigs are dying for freedom./Pigs are dying to be set free.
the dead 死者；逝者 (the+adj. ：表示一类人)
be dying for sth 渴望什么东西
be dying to do sth 渴望干什么
shock [ k] v.(使)震惊 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
他的突然死亡对他的家人来说是极大的震惊。
His sudden death was ____ great shock to his family.
这个消息将震惊整个世界。
The news will shock the whole world.
他对这个消息感到震惊。/ 这个消息令人震惊。
He was shocked ____ the news. / The news is shocking.
a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 处于震惊状态
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
electric shock 电休克
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
a
at
survive [s va v] vt. 幸存;艰难度过；比...活得久 vi.生存;存活
survival [s va v( )l] n. 生存;幸存
survivor [s va v ]: n.幸存者
survive on 靠…生存下来
survive aircrash 空难中幸免于难
空难中他幸免于难不过他被困在了一个孤岛上，所以他必须靠草根生存。
He survived the aircrash and was trapped in a lonely island, so he had to survive on grass roots.
三天过后，他也随着他弟弟去了。
He survived his brother by only 3 days.
空难
侵袭 击打
涌入
destroy
埋头于
in ruins
damage
大量的
对…造成损害
survivor
被困于
flood
part 4
rescue
self-rescue
rescue [ reskju: ] n./v. 营救;救援
come to sb’s rescue = rescue sb 救援某人
rescue … from… 把…从…中救出来
self-rescue 自救
rescuer 救援人员
那个士兵把这个婴儿从洪水中救出来。
The soldier rescued the baby from the flood.
aid [e d]: n.援助;帮助;救援物资 v. (formal)帮助;援助
aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
aid sb in sth 帮助某人某事
in aid of 为了帮助……
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
first aid 急救
他经常帮助妈妈打扫房间
He often aids his mother _______ the room.
kit [k t] n. 成套工具;成套设备
first aid kit 急救箱
to clean
calm [ kɑ:m ] adj.风平浪静的；镇静的;沉着的；无风的；
v. 使平静;使镇静
keep/stay calm 保持冷静
calm ...down 使镇定下来；平静下来
calmness n. 镇定；平静
不论发生什么，都要保持冷静
Stay calm no matter what happens.
Calm yourself down whatever happens.
tap [t p]: v. 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍 （拟声词） n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
tapwater n.自来水
tap on/at... 轻敲...
knock on/at... 敲...
他轻轻地敲了敲办公室的门，走了进去。
He _____ on/at the office door gently and went in.
她 关闭了所有水龙头。
_______________________
tapped
She turned off all the taps.
pipe [pa p] n. 管子;管道
whistle [ w sl ] v.吹口哨;发出笛声
n. 哨子(声);呼啸声
你可以敲击管子或打口哨来寻求帮助。
You can tap on the pipe or whistle to call for help.
wave [we v] n. 海浪; 波浪;地震波、电波等
v. 挥手; 招手
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
wave at sb 向某人招手
give sb a wave 向某人招手
你可以挥动任何你可以够得到的东西来寻求帮助。
You can wave anything you can get to call for help.
part 5
rescue
helicopter [ hel k pt (r) ] n. 直升机
deliver [d l v (r)] v.递送;传达;发表
总统将发表关于新冠疫情的演讲。
The president will deliver a speech about Covid-19.
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说
deliver sth to sb 将……递送给……
supply [s pla ] n.供应(量);补给; [pl.] 补给品 v. 供应;供给
water/power supply 水、电的供应
in short supply 短缺
a good supply of… …的充足供应
supply sb with sth = supply sth. to sb 向某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb
= offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
我们将给穷人提供足够的食物。
We will supply enough d food to poor people.
句1=
句2=
We will provide enough food to poor people.
We will provide poor people with enough food
power [ pa (r) ] n.电力供应;力量;控制力
能力ability/capacity
权力 职权
控制力 影响力
列强
电量 电力供应
力量
have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力
beyond one’s power 力所不能及
This bettary could power an electric car for 600 miles on a single charge
powerful adj.强有力的
shelter [' elt ] n.避难处;居所;庇护
v.保护;掩蔽 ;躲避(风/雨/危险)
shelter/protect ...from... 保护...免受...
shelter from…… 躲避……
1. Trees can shelter fields from cold wind.
翻译：
2. 政府为受灾群众搭建临时帐篷以躲避寒冷的风雨。
The government put up some temporary tents to
______ ______ ______ cold wind and rain .
树木可以保护田地不受冷风侵袭。
from
shelter
them
emergency [i m :d nsi] n. 突发事件;紧急情况
你可以通过紧急出口疏散被困的群众。
You can evacuate the trapped people through the emergency exit .
emergency exit 紧急出口
evacuate [ v kjue t]
v. 疏散;撤出;撤离
sweep [swi:p] v. 打扫;清扫;
---在系列比赛中）获得全部胜利，
囊括各项冠军
( swept---swept)
我们每天下午都扫地。
We sweep the floor every afternoon.
New Jersey swept Detroit last season.
在上个赛季，新泽西队全胜底特律队。
sweep away: 消灭;彻底消除
weep v.哭泣
+
s -----sweep擦
helicopter
tap
避难所
给...提供
权利
急救
做演讲
保持镇定
whistle
sweep
救援某人
wave
part 6
revival
revive [r va v]: v.复活;(使)苏醒
revival [ r va vl] n. 振兴;复苏
形近词：revise v.修改;修订;复习
经济正开始复苏。
The economy is beginning to revive.
闲话词根vit, viv, vig=life 生命
vitamin: n. 维他命, 维生素
vivid: a. 生动的
survive: v. 幸存(于); 比…长命 [ sur-超过]
revive: v. 复活 [re=again]
vital: a. 生死攸关的
revive 侧重于人从接近死亡的昏迷休克的状态恢复过来。
survive 指经过比较大的灾难后仍旧活了下来，侧重于“继续生存”
breathe [ bri: ]: v.呼吸
breath [breθ] n.呼吸
take a (deep) breath 呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
breathless a.上气不接下气的
breathlessly ad.上气不接下气地
breathtaking a.美得令人窒息的
被困男子感觉呼吸困难
The man trapped feel it hard to breathe .
part 7
reflection
summary [ s m ri ] n. 总结;概括;概要
In summary 总之
The book is a summary of human knowledge。
-----Shakespeare;
书籍是人类知识的总结
summarize [ s m raiz ] v. 总结;概括;概要
unify [ ju:n fa ] v. 统一;(使)成一体（侧重于使...统一、使一体化）
新领袖希望把国家统一起来。
The new leader hopes to unify the country.
unite [ju na t] n. 团结
（侧重于联合）
united [ju na t d] a.联合的 统一的
union[ ju ni n] n.联合会
习大大定能团结各方力量解放台湾统一祖国的。
Chairman Xi will definitely unite all forces to liberate TaiWan to unify the country.
wisdom [ w zd m] n. 智慧;才智
wise adj.明智的; 英明的
wisely ad. 明智地 英明地
智者总是用智慧解决问题。
A wise man always cope with the matters with wisdom.
effort ['ef t ]: n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
make efforts/ an effort to do... 努力做……
make no effort to do... 没努力做……
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
= make every effort to do sth
=do all/everyting one can to do sth .
=do whatever one can to do sth .
我们中国政府会不遗余力地歼灭新冠疫情。
Our Chinese government will _______________ defeat the Covid-19 epidemic .
spare no effort to/make effors to/do whatever we can to/...
affect [ fekt] v. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 感染;深深打动
effect n.作用，影响
have an/no effect on/upon... 对...有/无影响
be affected by 被……打动；受……影响
affection n. 感情; 喜爱; 爱情; 钟爱;
affectionate a.充满深情的;表示关爱的
观众被这个感人的故事深深地打动了。
The audience were deeply affected by the moving story.
孩子需要疼爱和关怀
Children need lots of love and affection.
他对老朋友感情深
1.He has a deep affection for his old friend
2.He is very affectionate towards his old friend .
context [ k ntekst ] n. 上下文;语境;背景
你能从上下文猜出这个词的意思吗？
Can you guess the meaning of the word from the context
length [le θ] n.长;长度
long adj. 长的
lengthen: v. 变长
strong -- strength -- strengthen
percent [p sent]: n. 百分之…
70 percent of children like playing computer games.
affect
联合会
钟爱
effect
加长
使统一
明智的
智慧才智
summary
长度
努力
context
thank you！