外研版(2019）必修一单元重难点易错题精练 Unit 2Exploring English单元话题语法填空 专项练习（有答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版(2019）必修一单元重难点易错题精练 Unit 2Exploring English单元话题语法填空 专项练习（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-03 07:53:39 | ||
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Unit 2单元话题语法填空专项练习
(名校最新真题)
（2022·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市第八中学校高一阶段练习）语法填空
At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try ____1____ (measure) how long it lasts. Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at ____2____ (many). But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs ____3____ (dramatic) across cultures. ____4____ one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch and also in English found that when silence in conversation stretches ____5____ four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silence of 8.2 seconds—nearly ____6____ (two) as long as in American meetings. In Japan, it ____7____ (recognize) that the best communication is when you don't speak at all. In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different ____8____ (race). When you have a couple of differences, it's hard ____9____ (establish) common understanding unless you talk and there's understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also to some extent _____10_____ London. In contrast, when there's more homogeneity(同种族), perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it's easier to sit in silence than with people you're less well acquainted with.
（2022·河北·大名县第一中学高一开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I always have my own ways to learn English. First, I always read the text in advance so that I can know what I must pay much attention ____11____ in class. To my delight, when my teacher raises a question, I know how to answer more often. And whenever I answer a question correctly, I have _____12_____ strong sense of achievement.
Besides, I always try to take notes in class. Important language points, grammar rules, useful ____13____ (express) and key words are ____14____ we want to write down. After class, I organize the notes so that I can have a ____15____(good) understanding of them. Of course, I will certainly read aloud the notes in the morning.
____16____( develop) my interest in English, after class I ____17____ (wide) read English materials. By this means I can also develop my ability of reading. ____18____ (chat) with my teachers and classmates is also one of my ways to learn English. We often talk in English about different topics concerning friendship, sports, etc. Free expression in English always ____19____ (give) me a sense of pride, ____20____ in turn inspires me to learn English better.
（2022·河北张家口·高一阶段练习）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known ____21____ its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times. There are many ____22____(reason) why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
The history of written Chinese as a language ____23____(base) on pictures dates back to the use of animal bones and shells several thousand years ago ____24____ symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system ____25____(develop) into different forms, as it was time when people were divided geographically, ____26____(result) in varieties of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynatsty. Emperor Qin Shihuang united the seven major states into one country ____27____ then the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
The Chinese writing system has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with ____28____(it) past. People in modern times can read the classical works by ancient Chinese. And as China plays a ____29____(great) role in global affairs than before, Chinese culture is becoming ____30____(increasing) popular with international students, who begin to explore Chinese civilization through this amazing language.
（2022·湖北十堰·高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world is changing. So are the words and characters. New words are born with the world changing and ____31____ (update) itself greatly. Some existing words may develop new meanings and some may fall out of use. There are various ____32____ (reason) for these changes.
Not ____33____ (surprise), technology is responsible for a lot of new words. For example, “blog”, which is a ____34____ (shorten) form of “weblog”, was created due to Internet use. Besides, new ways of communication create new languages. When texting to each other on mobile phones, friends tend to use a ____35____ (convenient) and easier way such as “cu18r” and “lol”. Thirdly, teenagers have made ____36____ great difference to the new meanings of some words. For example, “sick” ____37____ (use) to mean “great” and “Wassup” to mean “Hello”. Fourthly, human beings’ laziness may contribute to some simplified phrases. The last involves globalization (全球化), ____38____ is an effective way of spreading English around the world. Non-native speakers of English are creating ____39____ (they) own form of language named Globish. Will Globish be the most commonly spoken language ____40____ the future one day Only time will tell.
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·高一期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（只填1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
English has several chicken ____41____ (expression) that describe human ____42____ (behave). For example, if you are an early riser, we might say you wake up with the chickens. If you are ____43____ (frighten) of something, you might be called a chicken. And if you run around in a crazy way - or just very busy - you ____44____ (say) to be running around like a chicken with its head ____45____ (cut) off.
But today we are going to explore ____46____ expression: “Your chickens have come home to roost.” with a little more meaning, For a chicken, to roost means to settle down for rest or sleep. But for us, the expression is not at all restful. When our chickens come home to roost it means that our past mistakes or wrongdoings have come back to cause us problems, ____47____ happened with a man named Alex. He was very good ____48____ one thing - lying. He lied to people at work, to every woman he met, to his neighbors and ____49____ to his family. Then one day, he got into serious trouble with the police. He was accused of _____50_____ (steal) from his workplace. And this time, no one came to help. After years of lying to people, his chickens had finally come home to roost. He was on his own.
（2021·四川·成都实外高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cambridge Dictionary has declared “upcycling” as ____51____ (it) Word of the Year 2019. ____52____ word refers to the activity of making new furniture, objects, etc. out of old or ____53____ (use) things or waste materials.
The number of times that “upcycling” has been looked ____54____ on the Cambridge Dictionary website ____55____ (rise) by 181% since December of 2011, ____56____ it was first added to the online dictionary. In the past year alone searches for the word have doubled.
Wendalyn Nichols, Publishing Manager at Cambridge Dictionary Press, believes that the word’s recent popularity is being caused by people’s growing ____57____ (conscious) of climate change and other environmental issues. “____58____ (stop) the gradual process of climate change, let alone changing it ____59____ (absolute), can seem impossible at times. Upcycling is an action a single human being can take _____60_____ (make) a difference,” he said.
Many other words on the shortlist for Word of the Year 2019 all express the same concern with the effects of climate change, including “carbon sink” and “compostable”.
（2022·陕西汉中·高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many factors have made China’s ancient civilization continue all the way through into modern times, one of which has been the Chinese writing system.
Several thousand years ago, the Chinese language ___61___ (base) on pictures. People in ancient times carved some ___62___ (symbol) on animal bones and shells. It was not until the Shang Dynasty that the symbols developed ___63___ a fairly good writing system. Over the years that followed, people ___64___ (usual) lived apart from each other geographically, contributing to a wide variety of dialects and characters. Therefore, the system developed into different forms. ___65___, Emperor Qinshihuang, who united the seven states into one country, demanded that the writing system should be unified. It ___66___ (be) really an important move because that meant people could communicate with each other wherever they lived. Besides, thanks to it, people in modem times can read classic works ___67___ (write) in Chinese.
The Chinese have a high regard for the writing system, which serves as a great way ___68___ (connect) China’s present with its past. As China is playing ___69___ increasingly important role in the world at present, many foreign students are learning this ____70____ (amaze) language for the appreciation of its culture.
（2022·山东省郓城第一中学高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the Internet has guaranteed the place of English as the most used language, Chinese still holds the top position as the most used mother tongue. Since Shang dynasty, Chinese people ___71___ (use) a complete system of characters. One of the great advantages of using one single writing system is that people ___72___ speak different dialects can understand each other’s writing. Therefore, communication can go on ___73___ many troubles. People in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan still write traditional Chinese characters, while people on China’s mainland use ___74___ (simplify) Chinese characters, but it does not pose much ___75___ (difficult) in recognizing the characters. Some scholars believe that Chinese characters are one of the important ___76___ (factor) that keep South and North China unbroken for ___77___ very long time. Some scholars even consider Chinese characters ___78___ (be) the Fifth Great Invention of Ancient China, alongside the other Four Great Inventions, which are paper, the compass, gunpowder and movable typography (活版印刷术). Though pronunciation marks are ___79___ (slight) different, Chinese characters ___80___ (adopt) in other languages in ancient time, which indicates China`s cultural influence on these countries since ancient times, especially during the Tang(618—907) and the Song(960—1279) dynasties.
（2022·湖南师大附中高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is known for its brilliant civilization that ____81____(continue) since the ancient times despite the many ups and downs in its history. It is ____82____(wide) accepted that one of the reasons has been the Chinese writing system.
Several thousand years ago written Chinese was only symbols ____83____(carve) on animal bones or shells. During the Shang Dynasty, these symbols became a well-developed writing system in a ____84____(various) of forms. This, however, changed in the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qin Shihuang united the seven major states into one unified country ____85____ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was ____86____ great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
Written Chinese also serves as a vital way ____87____(connect) China’s present with its past. People in modern times can learn about the ancient Chinese by reading their classic works or ____88____(appreciate) Chinese calligraphy.
Today, with China playing ____89____ greater role in global affairs, the Chinese writing system has established _____90_____(it) as a window through which more and more international students can access China’s culture and history.
（2022·宁夏·青铜峡市宁朔中学高一阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
I always have my own ways to learn English. First, I always read the text in advance so that I can know what I must pay much attention ____91____ in class. To my delight, when my teacher raises a question, I know how to answer more often. And whenever I answer a question ____92____ (correct), I have a strong sense of achievement.
Besides, I always try to take notes in class. Important language points, grammar rules, useful ____93____ (express) and key words are ____94____ we want to write down. After class, I organize the notes so that I can have a better ____95____ (understand) of them. Of course, I will certainly read aloud the notes in the morning.
To develop my interest in English, after class I ____96____ (wide) read English materials. By this means I can also develop my ability of reading. ____97____ (chat) with my teachers and classmates is also one of my ways to learn English. We often talk ____98____ English about different topics concerning friendship, sports, etc. Free expression in English always ____99____ (give) me a sense of pride, _____100_____ in turn inspires me to learn English better.
参考答案：
1．to measure
2．most
3．dramatically
4．What
5．to
6．twice
7．is recognized
8．races
9．to establish
10．to
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化对沉默的不同看法。
1．
考查非谓语动词。句意：下次见面时，等待谈话中的停顿，并试着衡量停顿持续了多长时间。try to do尝试做某事。故填to measure。
2．
考查短语。句意：在说英语的人当中，可能最多只有一两秒钟。at most最多。故填most。
3．
考查副词。句意：虽然这种模式可能是普遍的，但我们对沉默的意识在不同文化中有很大的不同。修饰动词differ，用副词形式。故填dramatically。
4．
考查名词性从句。句意：在一种文化中被认为令人困惑或尴尬的停顿，可能在其他人看来是反思的宝贵时刻，是对上一位发言者发言的尊重。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
5．
考查介词。句意：荷兰语和英语的研究发现，当谈话中的沉默时间延长到四秒时，人们就会开始感到不安。stretch to延伸到……。故填to。
6．
考查倍数。句意：相反，另一项关于商务会议的研究发现，日本人喜欢8.2秒的沉默时间——几乎是美国人会议时间的两倍。倍数 + as +形容词 +as。故填twice。
7．
考查固定句型。句意：在日本，人们认为最好的交流方式是完全不说话。it is recognized that…公认为……。故填is recognized。
8．
考查名词的数。句意：在美国，它可能起源于殖民时期的美国，作为许多不同种族的交汇处。many修饰名词复数形式。故填races。
9．
考查非谓语动词。句意：当你们有一些分歧时，除非你们交谈，否则很难建立共同的理解，这是一种可以理解的焦虑，除非人们口头上致力于建立共同的生活。It is +形容词+ to do sth。做某事是……的，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式结构。故填to establish。
10．
考查介词。句意：这在一定程度上也适用于伦敦。apply to适用于。故填to。
11．to
12．a
13．expressions
14．what
15．better
16．To develop
17．widely
18．Chatting
19．gives
20．which
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己的一些学习英语的方法。
11．
考查介词。句意：首先，我总是提前阅读课文，这样我就能知道我在课堂上必须非常注意什么。固定短语pay attention to(注意)，其中to是介词。这是一个由连接代词what引导的宾语从句，其中what在从句中要作介词to的宾语。故填to。
12．
考查冠词。句意：每当我正确地回答了一个问题，我都会有一种强烈的成就感。此处用不定冠词a表示“一种”，放在名词sense前，构成短语a strong sense of achievement(一种强烈的成就感)，表泛指。故填a。
13．
考查名词。句意：重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的表达和关键词都是我们想要写下来的。此处用可数名词expression(表达)的复数形式expressions与名词points，rules和words并列，作句子的主语。故填expressions。
14．
考查连接代词。句意：重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的表达和关键词都是我们想要写下来的。此处用连接代词what引导表语从句，在从句中作write down的宾语。故填what。
15．
考查形容词。句意：下课后，我就会整理好这些笔记，以便我能更好地理解它们。此处用形容词的比较级better修饰名词understanding，是与整理好笔记之前相比，所以用比较级。故填better。
16．
考查不定式。句意：为了培养我对英语的兴趣，下课后我广泛阅读英语材料。此处用不定式To develop作目的状语，与这句话的主语I之间在逻辑上是主动关系。故填To develop。
17．
考查副词。句意：为了培养我对英语的兴趣，下课后我广泛地阅读英语材料。此处用副词widely(广泛地)作状语，修饰谓语动词read。故填widely。
18．
考查动名词。句意：和老师和同学聊天也是我学习英语的方法之一。此处用动名词短语Chatting with my teachers and classmates在句中作主语。故填Chatting。
19．
考查时态。句意：自由的英语表达总是给我一种自豪感，这反过来激励我更好地学习英语。此处是谓语动词，本句说的是一般事实，要用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词expression，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式gives。故填gives。
20．
考查关系代词。句意：自由的英语表达总是给我一种自豪感，这反过来激励我更好地学习英语。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which代替前边整个句子，在从句中作主语。故填which。
21．for
22．reasons
23．based
24．when
25．has developed
26．resulting
27．and
28．its
29．greater
30．increasingly
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的书写体系发展历程及影响。
21．
考查介词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名，这种文明一直绵延至现代。短语be known for是固定词组，意为“因……而闻名”符合句意。故填for。
22．
考查名词。句意：这个成为可能有很多理由，而其中的一个理由是中国的书写系统。many修饰可数名词复数。故填reasons。
23．
考查非谓语动词。句意：汉字作为以图形为基础的语言，其历史可以追溯到几千年前中国古人在动物骨头或者贝壳上刻字的时候。空处base on作定语修饰language且base与language之间为动宾关系。故填based。
24．
考查定语从句。句意：汉字作为以图形为基础的语言，其历史可以追溯到几千年前中国古人在动物骨头或者贝壳上刻字的时候。分析句子结构可知，先行词为several thousand years ago，先行词在从句中作时间状语。故填when。
25．
考查动词时态。句意：多年来，这种系统发展成了多个不同的形式，由于当时人们在地理上相互分隔开来，因此导致各种不同版本的方言和书写形式的出现。由Over the years可知空格处的时态为现在完成时，the system为数主语且与develop之间为主动关系。故填has developed。
26．
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空格处是作结果状语，动词ing形式作状语表示正常自然的结果。故填resulting。
27．
考查连词。句意：然而，在秦始皇的统治下，情况发生了变化。秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个国家，之后汉语书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。分析句子结构可知，空格前后是两个并列的句子，连词and连接两个并列分句。故填and。
28．
考查代词。句意：中国的书写系统已成为链接中国的过去与现在的重要纽带。分析句子结构可知，空后past为名词词性，用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。
29．
考查形容词比较级。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥的作用越来越大，中国文化越来越受到国际学生的欢迎，他们开始通过这门神奇的语言探索中国文明。由空后than before可知空处用形容词修饰比较级。故填greater。
30．
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，要用副词修饰形容词popular。故填increasingly。
31．updating
32．reasons
33．surprisingly
34．shortened
35．more convenient
36．a
37．is used
38．which
39．their
40．in
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了词汇变化的几个原因。
31．
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界的变化和自身的更新，新词应运而生。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，update与逻辑主语the world之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填updating。
32．
考查名词复数。句意：这些变化有各种各样的原因。空前various表示“各种各样的”，后接可数名词的复数形式。故填reasons。
33．
考查副词。句意：不足为奇的是，科技造就了许多新词。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，作状语。故填surprisingly。
34．
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，“blog”是“weblog”的缩写，是由于互联网的使用而创建的。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，shorten与逻辑主语form之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填shortened。
35．
考查形容词比较级。句意：在手机上互相发短信时，朋友们倾向于使用更方便、更简单的方式，如“cu18r”和“lol”。空处与easier并列，作定语修饰名词way，空处表示“更方便的”，应用形容词的比较级形式more convenient。故填more convenient。
36．
考查冠词。句意：第三，青少年对一些单词的新义产生了很大的影响。make a difference为固定短语，表示“有影响”。故填a。
37．
考查动词语态。句意：例如，“sick”表示“great”，而“Wassup”表示“Hello”。句子描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，use与主语sick之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“sick”表示sick这个单词，是单数，be动词应用is。故填is used。
38．
考查定语从句。句意：最后一个涉及全球化，这是在世界各地传播英语的有效方式。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是globalization，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
39．
考查代词。句意：非英语母语者正在创造他们自己的语言形式，名为Globish。one’s own表示“某人自己的”，根据前文的speakers可知，one’s应用形容词物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。
40．
考查介词。句意：将来有一天，全球语会成为最常用的语言吗？in the future为固定短语，表示“在未来”。故填in。
41．expressions
42．behavior
43．frightened
44．are said
45．cut
46．an
47．which
48．at
49．even
50．stealing
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语中与“鸡”有关的一些表达。
41．
考查名词的数。句意：英语中有几个关于鸡的表达来描述人类的行为。名词expression为可数名词，根据形容词several可知，用名词的复数形式。故填expressions。
42．
考查名词。句意：英语中有几个关于鸡的表达来描述人类的行为。形容词human后接名词形式作动词，根据句意此处用作不可数名词。故填behavior。
43．
考查形容词。句意：如果你害怕某事，你可能会被称为胆小鬼。be frightened of害怕，表示人的感受，用-ed形式形容词，frightened“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。
44．
考查时态和语态。句意：如果你以一种疯狂的方式跑来跑去——或者只是非常忙——你就被说成是像一只没头的苍蝇似的跑来跑去。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语you与say之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语you是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填are said。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你以一种疯狂的方式跑来跑去——或者只是非常忙——你就被说成是像一只没头的鸡一样跑来跑去。介词with后宾语its head与cut之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填cut。
46．
考查冠词。句意：但是今天我们要学习的表达是：“Your chickens have come home to roost。”名词expression为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
47．
考查定语从句。句意：“chicken come home to roost”意思是我们过去犯过的错误或做过的坏事又回来给我们带来麻烦，一个名叫亚历克斯的男人就发生了这种情况。指代前面一件事，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
48．
考查介词。句意：他很擅长一件事——撒谎。be good at擅长。故填at。
49．
考查副词。句意：他对同事撒谎，对他遇到的每个女人撒谎，对邻居撒谎，甚至对家人撒谎。结合句意可知，用副词even，表示“甚至”，用来加强语气。故填even。
50．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他被指控在工作场所偷东西。介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填stealing。
51．its
52．The
53．used
54．up
55．has risen
56．when
57．consciousness
58．Stopping
59．absolutely
60．to make
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“升级回收”为剑桥字典年度单词的原因以及意义。
51．
考查代词。句意：《剑桥词典》宣布“升级回收”为2019年年度词汇。空处指的是剑桥词典的年度词汇，用形容词性物主代词修饰Word。故填its。
52．
考查冠词。句意：这个词指的是用旧的或用过的东西或废料制作新的家具、物品等的活动。空这里特指upcycling这个词，所以用定冠词the。故填The。
53．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词指的是用旧的或用过的东西或废料制作新的家具、物品等的活动。名词things与use之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，表示“使用过的”。故填used。
54．
考查副词。句意：自2011年12月“升级回收”一词首次被收录到在线词典以来，该词在剑桥词典网站上的查询次数上升了181%。短语look up查询。故填up。
55．
考查动词时态。句意：自2011年12月“升级回收”一词首次被收录到在线词典以来，该词在剑桥词典网站上的查询次数上升了181%。根据时间状语since December of 2011可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“the number”单数，所以用has。故填has risen。
56．
考查定语从句。句意：自2011年12月“升级回收”一词首次被收录到在线词典以来，该词在剑桥词典网站上的查询次数上升了181%。句中先行词为December of 2011在，在非限定性定语从句中担当时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。
57．
考查名词。句意：《剑桥词典》出版社的出版经理Wendalyn Nichols认为，这个词最近的流行是由于人们对气候变化和其他环境问题的意识日益增强。根据空前的growing以及空后的of可知，空处为名词形式。故填consciousness。
58．
考查非谓语动词。句意：停止气候变化的渐进过程，更不用说彻底改变它，有时似乎是不可能的。句中缺少主语，所以用动名词形式作主语。故填Stopping。
59．
考查副词。句意：“停止气候变化的渐进过程，更不用说彻底改变它，有时似乎是不可能的。修饰动词用副词形式。故填absolutely。
60．
考查非谓语动词。句意：升级回收是一个人可以改变世界的行动。用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to make。
61．was based
62．symbols
63．into
64．usually
65．However
66．was
67．written
68．to connect
69．an
70．amazing
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的文字系统，其演变过程以及重要作用。
61．
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：几千年前，汉语是以图画为基础的。根据时间状语Several thousand years ago可知，时态为一般过去时；主语the Chinese language为单数，和动词base之间存在被动语态，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was based。
62．
考查名词的数。句意：古时候的人们在动物的骨头和贝壳上雕刻一些符号。根据空前的some可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填symbols。
63．
考查介词。句意：直到商朝，这些符号才发展成为一种相当好的文字系统。develop into发展成为。故填into。
64．
考查副词。句意：在接下来的几年里，人们通常在地理位置上彼此远离，形成了各种各样的方言和汉字。作状语用副词形式，修饰整个句子。故填usually。
65．
考查副词。句意：然而，统一了七个国家的秦始皇要求统一文字系统。上文“Therefore, the system developed into different forms.”文字系统发展成许多种类；和下文“Emperor Qinshihuang, who united the seven states into one country, demanded that the writing system should be unified.”秦始皇要求统一文字系统，两者之间存在转折关系，应用副词however位于句首，且首字母大写。故填However。
66．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这真的是一个重要的举措，因为这意味着人们无论住在哪里都可以相互交流。根据从句中的meant可知，空处为一般过去时，主语是it，所以用单数形式。故填was。
67．
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，由于它，现代的人们可以阅读用汉字写的经典作品。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。被修饰词works与write之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填written。
68．
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人非常重视文字系统，它是连接中国现在和过去的一个很好的方式。a way to do sth.做某事的方式。故填to connect。
69．
考查冠词。句意：随着中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多外国学生正在学习这门令人惊叹的语言，以欣赏它的文化。名词role为可数名词，泛指。且increasingly发音为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
70．
考查形容词。句意：随着中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多外国学生正在学习这门令人惊叹的语言，以欣赏它的文化。修饰名词language，指物，所以用-ing形式形容词。故填amazing。
71．have been using##have used
72．who##that
73．without
74．simplified
75．difficulty
76．factors
77．a
78．to be
79．slightly
80．were adopted
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉字的地位及作用，旨在增加学生对中国汉字的自豪感。
71．
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从商朝开始，中国人一直在使用一个完整的汉字系统。根据“Since Shang dynasty”可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，或者动作从过去持续到现在并且还将继续下去；且主语“Chinese people”和use二者之间是主动关系，主语是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have been using/have used。
72．
考查定语从句。句意：使用单一的书写系统的最大优势之一是说不同方言的人可以理解彼此的书写（内容）。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，用 who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
73．
考查介词。句意：因此，交流不会有很大的难度。结合句子结构和句意，此处应用介词without连接，表示“没有”。故填 without。
74．
考查形容词。句意：香港、澳门和台湾地区的人们仍使用传统的汉字，而中国大陆的人们则使用简体汉字。修饰名词短语“Chinese characters”应用形容词，simplified“简化的”符合题意。故填simplified。
75．
考查词名词。句意：香港、澳门和台湾地区的人们仍使用传统的汉字，而中国大陆的人们则使用简体汉字，但是（使用简体字的人）在识别这些（传统）汉字的方面并没有太大的困难。作动词pose的宾语应用difficult的名词形式，difficulty“困难”符合题意，此处为抽象概念，不可数。故填difficulty。
76．
考查名词的单复数。句意：一些学者认为，汉字是使中国南北方在很长一段时间内保持统一的重要因素之一。factor“因素”是可数名词，one of +可数名词复数，意为“......中之一”，所以此处应用factor的复数形式。故填factors。
77．
考查冠词。句意：一些学者认为，汉字是使中国南北方在很长一段时间内保持统一的重要因素之一。固定搭配 for a long time 意为“很长一段时间内”。故填a。
78．
考查非谓语动词。句意：有的学者甚至将汉字视为和造纸术、指南针、火药和活字印刷术这四大发明并列的第五大发明。固定搭配 consider…to be 意为“把……视为”，不定式作宾补。故填to be。
79．
考查副词。句意：尽管汉字的读音略有不同，但中国汉字在古代也在其他语言中被使用。此处应用副词修饰形容词“different”，副词slightly意为“稍微”。故填slightly。
80．
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管汉字的读音略有不同，但中国汉字在古代也在其他语言中被使用。根据“in ancient time”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语“Chinese characters”与动词 adopt 之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态；又因主语为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填were adopted。
81．has continued
82．widely
83．carved
84．variety
85．where##so##and
86．of
87．to connect
88．appreciating
89．a
90．itself
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文字的历史，及其现实意义。
81．
考查时态的主谓一致。句意：中国以其灿烂的文明而闻名于世，尽管历史上经历了许多风风雨雨，但它一直延续至今。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句中的谓语，根据时间状语since the ancient times可知，用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，关系代词that，用作从句主语，代替的先行词its brilliant civilization为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has continued。
82．
考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，其中一个原因是中国的文字体系。修饰动词accepted，应用wide的副词形式。故填widely。
83．
考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年前，汉字只是刻在动物骨头或贝壳上的符号。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语，动词carve和所修饰的名词symbols之间为被动关系，应用其过去分词carved作后置定语。故填carved。
84．
考查名词。句意：在商代，这些符号以各种形式成为一种非常发达的书写系统。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填vary的（可数）名词单数形式，a variety of“各种各样的”是固定短语。故填variety。
85．
考查定语从句以及连词。句意：秦始皇统一了七个主要国家，中国的文字系统开始朝一个方向发展。分析句子可知，空格处可以引导定语从句，先行词为one unified country，关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语；前文“Emperor Qin Shihuang united the seven major states into one unified country”和后文“the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.”之间可以看作是因果关系，可用连词so，也可以看作并列关系，可用连词and。故填where/so/ and。
86．
考查介词。句意：那个文字系统对于团结中国人民和文化非常重要。“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，of great importance相当于very important，作表语，符合句意。故填of。
87．
考查非谓语动词。句意：书面汉语也是连接中国现在和过去的重要途径。名词way后可接动词不定式作后置定语，a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方式或方法”，符合句意。故填to connect。
88．
考查非谓语动词。句意：现代人可以通过阅读他们的经典作品或欣赏中国书法来了解中国古代。根据空格前“by reading their classic works or”可知，此处应用appreciate的动名词形式和reading并列，作介词by的宾语。故填appreciating。
89．
考查冠词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，中国文字系统已成为越来越多的国际学生了解中国文化和历史的窗口。play a role in“起作用于”是固定短语，role是可数名词单数，应用不定冠词限定，因所连接的形容词比较级greater发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
90．
考查代词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，中国文字系统已成为越来越多的国际学生了解中国文化和历史的窗口。establish“确立；得到认可”是及物动词，其动作对象就是主语the Chinese writing system自身，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填itself。
91．to
92．correctly
93．expressions
94．what
95．understanding
96．widely
97．Chatting
98．in
99．gives
100．which
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者学习英语的方法。
91．
考查固定搭配。句意：首先，我总是提前阅读课文，这样我就可以知道在课堂上我必须注意什么。根据固定搭配“pay attention to”意为“注意，重视”可知，此空应填介词to。故填to。
92．
考查副词。句意：每当我答对一个问题，我就会有一种强烈的成就感。根据前文的动词answer可知，此空应用correct的副词修饰它，做状语。故填correctly。
93．
考查名词。句意：我们要写下重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的短语和关键词。根据前文的形容词useful可知，此空应填名词；express的名词形式expression在句中的含义为“短语”，结合句意和并列名词points，rules和words可知，应用复数形式。故填expressions。
94．
考查表语从句。句意：我们要写下重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的短语和关键词。分析句子成分可知， are之后为表语从句，从句用what连接，在句中做write down的宾语成分。故填what。
95．
考查名词。句意：课后，我整理笔记，这样我可以更好地理解他们。根据固定搭配“have a better understanding of…”意为“更好的理解……”可知，此空应填understand的名词形式。故填understanding。
96．
考查副词。句意：为了培养我对英语的兴趣，我在课后广泛阅读英语素材。根据后文的read可知，此空应用wide的副词修饰它，做状语。故填widely。
97．
考查非谓语动词。句意：与我的老师和同学聊天也是我学习英语的方式之一。分析句子可知，“ (chat) with my teachers and classmates”在句中作主语，用动名词形式chatting，句首单词首字母大写。故填Chatting。
98．
考查介词。句意：我们经常用英语谈论关于友谊、体育等不同的话题。根据固定搭配“in English”意为“用英语”可知，此空应填介词in。故填in。
99．
考查时态与主谓一致。句意：用英语自由表达总是给我一种自豪感，反过来又激励我更好地学习英语。分析句子成分可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，Free expression in English为句子主语，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填gives。
100．
考查定语从句。句意：用英语自由表达总是给我一种自豪感，反过来又激励我更好地学习英语。分析句子成分可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，a sense of pride为先行词，指物，所以用which来引导，在定语从句中充当主语成分。故填which。
1
(名校最新真题)
（2022·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市第八中学校高一阶段练习）语法填空
At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try ____1____ (measure) how long it lasts. Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at ____2____ (many). But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs ____3____ (dramatic) across cultures. ____4____ one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch and also in English found that when silence in conversation stretches ____5____ four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silence of 8.2 seconds—nearly ____6____ (two) as long as in American meetings. In Japan, it ____7____ (recognize) that the best communication is when you don't speak at all. In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different ____8____ (race). When you have a couple of differences, it's hard ____9____ (establish) common understanding unless you talk and there's understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also to some extent _____10_____ London. In contrast, when there's more homogeneity(同种族), perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it's easier to sit in silence than with people you're less well acquainted with.
（2022·河北·大名县第一中学高一开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I always have my own ways to learn English. First, I always read the text in advance so that I can know what I must pay much attention ____11____ in class. To my delight, when my teacher raises a question, I know how to answer more often. And whenever I answer a question correctly, I have _____12_____ strong sense of achievement.
Besides, I always try to take notes in class. Important language points, grammar rules, useful ____13____ (express) and key words are ____14____ we want to write down. After class, I organize the notes so that I can have a ____15____(good) understanding of them. Of course, I will certainly read aloud the notes in the morning.
____16____( develop) my interest in English, after class I ____17____ (wide) read English materials. By this means I can also develop my ability of reading. ____18____ (chat) with my teachers and classmates is also one of my ways to learn English. We often talk in English about different topics concerning friendship, sports, etc. Free expression in English always ____19____ (give) me a sense of pride, ____20____ in turn inspires me to learn English better.
（2022·河北张家口·高一阶段练习）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known ____21____ its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times. There are many ____22____(reason) why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
The history of written Chinese as a language ____23____(base) on pictures dates back to the use of animal bones and shells several thousand years ago ____24____ symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system ____25____(develop) into different forms, as it was time when people were divided geographically, ____26____(result) in varieties of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynatsty. Emperor Qin Shihuang united the seven major states into one country ____27____ then the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
The Chinese writing system has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with ____28____(it) past. People in modern times can read the classical works by ancient Chinese. And as China plays a ____29____(great) role in global affairs than before, Chinese culture is becoming ____30____(increasing) popular with international students, who begin to explore Chinese civilization through this amazing language.
（2022·湖北十堰·高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world is changing. So are the words and characters. New words are born with the world changing and ____31____ (update) itself greatly. Some existing words may develop new meanings and some may fall out of use. There are various ____32____ (reason) for these changes.
Not ____33____ (surprise), technology is responsible for a lot of new words. For example, “blog”, which is a ____34____ (shorten) form of “weblog”, was created due to Internet use. Besides, new ways of communication create new languages. When texting to each other on mobile phones, friends tend to use a ____35____ (convenient) and easier way such as “cu18r” and “lol”. Thirdly, teenagers have made ____36____ great difference to the new meanings of some words. For example, “sick” ____37____ (use) to mean “great” and “Wassup” to mean “Hello”. Fourthly, human beings’ laziness may contribute to some simplified phrases. The last involves globalization (全球化), ____38____ is an effective way of spreading English around the world. Non-native speakers of English are creating ____39____ (they) own form of language named Globish. Will Globish be the most commonly spoken language ____40____ the future one day Only time will tell.
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·高一期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（只填1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
English has several chicken ____41____ (expression) that describe human ____42____ (behave). For example, if you are an early riser, we might say you wake up with the chickens. If you are ____43____ (frighten) of something, you might be called a chicken. And if you run around in a crazy way - or just very busy - you ____44____ (say) to be running around like a chicken with its head ____45____ (cut) off.
But today we are going to explore ____46____ expression: “Your chickens have come home to roost.” with a little more meaning, For a chicken, to roost means to settle down for rest or sleep. But for us, the expression is not at all restful. When our chickens come home to roost it means that our past mistakes or wrongdoings have come back to cause us problems, ____47____ happened with a man named Alex. He was very good ____48____ one thing - lying. He lied to people at work, to every woman he met, to his neighbors and ____49____ to his family. Then one day, he got into serious trouble with the police. He was accused of _____50_____ (steal) from his workplace. And this time, no one came to help. After years of lying to people, his chickens had finally come home to roost. He was on his own.
（2021·四川·成都实外高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cambridge Dictionary has declared “upcycling” as ____51____ (it) Word of the Year 2019. ____52____ word refers to the activity of making new furniture, objects, etc. out of old or ____53____ (use) things or waste materials.
The number of times that “upcycling” has been looked ____54____ on the Cambridge Dictionary website ____55____ (rise) by 181% since December of 2011, ____56____ it was first added to the online dictionary. In the past year alone searches for the word have doubled.
Wendalyn Nichols, Publishing Manager at Cambridge Dictionary Press, believes that the word’s recent popularity is being caused by people’s growing ____57____ (conscious) of climate change and other environmental issues. “____58____ (stop) the gradual process of climate change, let alone changing it ____59____ (absolute), can seem impossible at times. Upcycling is an action a single human being can take _____60_____ (make) a difference,” he said.
Many other words on the shortlist for Word of the Year 2019 all express the same concern with the effects of climate change, including “carbon sink” and “compostable”.
（2022·陕西汉中·高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many factors have made China’s ancient civilization continue all the way through into modern times, one of which has been the Chinese writing system.
Several thousand years ago, the Chinese language ___61___ (base) on pictures. People in ancient times carved some ___62___ (symbol) on animal bones and shells. It was not until the Shang Dynasty that the symbols developed ___63___ a fairly good writing system. Over the years that followed, people ___64___ (usual) lived apart from each other geographically, contributing to a wide variety of dialects and characters. Therefore, the system developed into different forms. ___65___, Emperor Qinshihuang, who united the seven states into one country, demanded that the writing system should be unified. It ___66___ (be) really an important move because that meant people could communicate with each other wherever they lived. Besides, thanks to it, people in modem times can read classic works ___67___ (write) in Chinese.
The Chinese have a high regard for the writing system, which serves as a great way ___68___ (connect) China’s present with its past. As China is playing ___69___ increasingly important role in the world at present, many foreign students are learning this ____70____ (amaze) language for the appreciation of its culture.
（2022·山东省郓城第一中学高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the Internet has guaranteed the place of English as the most used language, Chinese still holds the top position as the most used mother tongue. Since Shang dynasty, Chinese people ___71___ (use) a complete system of characters. One of the great advantages of using one single writing system is that people ___72___ speak different dialects can understand each other’s writing. Therefore, communication can go on ___73___ many troubles. People in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan still write traditional Chinese characters, while people on China’s mainland use ___74___ (simplify) Chinese characters, but it does not pose much ___75___ (difficult) in recognizing the characters. Some scholars believe that Chinese characters are one of the important ___76___ (factor) that keep South and North China unbroken for ___77___ very long time. Some scholars even consider Chinese characters ___78___ (be) the Fifth Great Invention of Ancient China, alongside the other Four Great Inventions, which are paper, the compass, gunpowder and movable typography (活版印刷术). Though pronunciation marks are ___79___ (slight) different, Chinese characters ___80___ (adopt) in other languages in ancient time, which indicates China`s cultural influence on these countries since ancient times, especially during the Tang(618—907) and the Song(960—1279) dynasties.
（2022·湖南师大附中高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is known for its brilliant civilization that ____81____(continue) since the ancient times despite the many ups and downs in its history. It is ____82____(wide) accepted that one of the reasons has been the Chinese writing system.
Several thousand years ago written Chinese was only symbols ____83____(carve) on animal bones or shells. During the Shang Dynasty, these symbols became a well-developed writing system in a ____84____(various) of forms. This, however, changed in the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qin Shihuang united the seven major states into one unified country ____85____ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was ____86____ great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
Written Chinese also serves as a vital way ____87____(connect) China’s present with its past. People in modern times can learn about the ancient Chinese by reading their classic works or ____88____(appreciate) Chinese calligraphy.
Today, with China playing ____89____ greater role in global affairs, the Chinese writing system has established _____90_____(it) as a window through which more and more international students can access China’s culture and history.
（2022·宁夏·青铜峡市宁朔中学高一阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
I always have my own ways to learn English. First, I always read the text in advance so that I can know what I must pay much attention ____91____ in class. To my delight, when my teacher raises a question, I know how to answer more often. And whenever I answer a question ____92____ (correct), I have a strong sense of achievement.
Besides, I always try to take notes in class. Important language points, grammar rules, useful ____93____ (express) and key words are ____94____ we want to write down. After class, I organize the notes so that I can have a better ____95____ (understand) of them. Of course, I will certainly read aloud the notes in the morning.
To develop my interest in English, after class I ____96____ (wide) read English materials. By this means I can also develop my ability of reading. ____97____ (chat) with my teachers and classmates is also one of my ways to learn English. We often talk ____98____ English about different topics concerning friendship, sports, etc. Free expression in English always ____99____ (give) me a sense of pride, _____100_____ in turn inspires me to learn English better.
参考答案：
1．to measure
2．most
3．dramatically
4．What
5．to
6．twice
7．is recognized
8．races
9．to establish
10．to
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化对沉默的不同看法。
1．
考查非谓语动词。句意：下次见面时，等待谈话中的停顿，并试着衡量停顿持续了多长时间。try to do尝试做某事。故填to measure。
2．
考查短语。句意：在说英语的人当中，可能最多只有一两秒钟。at most最多。故填most。
3．
考查副词。句意：虽然这种模式可能是普遍的，但我们对沉默的意识在不同文化中有很大的不同。修饰动词differ，用副词形式。故填dramatically。
4．
考查名词性从句。句意：在一种文化中被认为令人困惑或尴尬的停顿，可能在其他人看来是反思的宝贵时刻，是对上一位发言者发言的尊重。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
5．
考查介词。句意：荷兰语和英语的研究发现，当谈话中的沉默时间延长到四秒时，人们就会开始感到不安。stretch to延伸到……。故填to。
6．
考查倍数。句意：相反，另一项关于商务会议的研究发现，日本人喜欢8.2秒的沉默时间——几乎是美国人会议时间的两倍。倍数 + as +形容词 +as。故填twice。
7．
考查固定句型。句意：在日本，人们认为最好的交流方式是完全不说话。it is recognized that…公认为……。故填is recognized。
8．
考查名词的数。句意：在美国，它可能起源于殖民时期的美国，作为许多不同种族的交汇处。many修饰名词复数形式。故填races。
9．
考查非谓语动词。句意：当你们有一些分歧时，除非你们交谈，否则很难建立共同的理解，这是一种可以理解的焦虑，除非人们口头上致力于建立共同的生活。It is +形容词+ to do sth。做某事是……的，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式结构。故填to establish。
10．
考查介词。句意：这在一定程度上也适用于伦敦。apply to适用于。故填to。
11．to
12．a
13．expressions
14．what
15．better
16．To develop
17．widely
18．Chatting
19．gives
20．which
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己的一些学习英语的方法。
11．
考查介词。句意：首先，我总是提前阅读课文，这样我就能知道我在课堂上必须非常注意什么。固定短语pay attention to(注意)，其中to是介词。这是一个由连接代词what引导的宾语从句，其中what在从句中要作介词to的宾语。故填to。
12．
考查冠词。句意：每当我正确地回答了一个问题，我都会有一种强烈的成就感。此处用不定冠词a表示“一种”，放在名词sense前，构成短语a strong sense of achievement(一种强烈的成就感)，表泛指。故填a。
13．
考查名词。句意：重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的表达和关键词都是我们想要写下来的。此处用可数名词expression(表达)的复数形式expressions与名词points，rules和words并列，作句子的主语。故填expressions。
14．
考查连接代词。句意：重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的表达和关键词都是我们想要写下来的。此处用连接代词what引导表语从句，在从句中作write down的宾语。故填what。
15．
考查形容词。句意：下课后，我就会整理好这些笔记，以便我能更好地理解它们。此处用形容词的比较级better修饰名词understanding，是与整理好笔记之前相比，所以用比较级。故填better。
16．
考查不定式。句意：为了培养我对英语的兴趣，下课后我广泛阅读英语材料。此处用不定式To develop作目的状语，与这句话的主语I之间在逻辑上是主动关系。故填To develop。
17．
考查副词。句意：为了培养我对英语的兴趣，下课后我广泛地阅读英语材料。此处用副词widely(广泛地)作状语，修饰谓语动词read。故填widely。
18．
考查动名词。句意：和老师和同学聊天也是我学习英语的方法之一。此处用动名词短语Chatting with my teachers and classmates在句中作主语。故填Chatting。
19．
考查时态。句意：自由的英语表达总是给我一种自豪感，这反过来激励我更好地学习英语。此处是谓语动词，本句说的是一般事实，要用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词expression，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式gives。故填gives。
20．
考查关系代词。句意：自由的英语表达总是给我一种自豪感，这反过来激励我更好地学习英语。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which代替前边整个句子，在从句中作主语。故填which。
21．for
22．reasons
23．based
24．when
25．has developed
26．resulting
27．and
28．its
29．greater
30．increasingly
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的书写体系发展历程及影响。
21．
考查介词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名，这种文明一直绵延至现代。短语be known for是固定词组，意为“因……而闻名”符合句意。故填for。
22．
考查名词。句意：这个成为可能有很多理由，而其中的一个理由是中国的书写系统。many修饰可数名词复数。故填reasons。
23．
考查非谓语动词。句意：汉字作为以图形为基础的语言，其历史可以追溯到几千年前中国古人在动物骨头或者贝壳上刻字的时候。空处base on作定语修饰language且base与language之间为动宾关系。故填based。
24．
考查定语从句。句意：汉字作为以图形为基础的语言，其历史可以追溯到几千年前中国古人在动物骨头或者贝壳上刻字的时候。分析句子结构可知，先行词为several thousand years ago，先行词在从句中作时间状语。故填when。
25．
考查动词时态。句意：多年来，这种系统发展成了多个不同的形式，由于当时人们在地理上相互分隔开来，因此导致各种不同版本的方言和书写形式的出现。由Over the years可知空格处的时态为现在完成时，the system为数主语且与develop之间为主动关系。故填has developed。
26．
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空格处是作结果状语，动词ing形式作状语表示正常自然的结果。故填resulting。
27．
考查连词。句意：然而，在秦始皇的统治下，情况发生了变化。秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个国家，之后汉语书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。分析句子结构可知，空格前后是两个并列的句子，连词and连接两个并列分句。故填and。
28．
考查代词。句意：中国的书写系统已成为链接中国的过去与现在的重要纽带。分析句子结构可知，空后past为名词词性，用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。
29．
考查形容词比较级。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥的作用越来越大，中国文化越来越受到国际学生的欢迎，他们开始通过这门神奇的语言探索中国文明。由空后than before可知空处用形容词修饰比较级。故填greater。
30．
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，要用副词修饰形容词popular。故填increasingly。
31．updating
32．reasons
33．surprisingly
34．shortened
35．more convenient
36．a
37．is used
38．which
39．their
40．in
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了词汇变化的几个原因。
31．
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界的变化和自身的更新，新词应运而生。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，update与逻辑主语the world之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填updating。
32．
考查名词复数。句意：这些变化有各种各样的原因。空前various表示“各种各样的”，后接可数名词的复数形式。故填reasons。
33．
考查副词。句意：不足为奇的是，科技造就了许多新词。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，作状语。故填surprisingly。
34．
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，“blog”是“weblog”的缩写，是由于互联网的使用而创建的。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，shorten与逻辑主语form之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填shortened。
35．
考查形容词比较级。句意：在手机上互相发短信时，朋友们倾向于使用更方便、更简单的方式，如“cu18r”和“lol”。空处与easier并列，作定语修饰名词way，空处表示“更方便的”，应用形容词的比较级形式more convenient。故填more convenient。
36．
考查冠词。句意：第三，青少年对一些单词的新义产生了很大的影响。make a difference为固定短语，表示“有影响”。故填a。
37．
考查动词语态。句意：例如，“sick”表示“great”，而“Wassup”表示“Hello”。句子描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，use与主语sick之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“sick”表示sick这个单词，是单数，be动词应用is。故填is used。
38．
考查定语从句。句意：最后一个涉及全球化，这是在世界各地传播英语的有效方式。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是globalization，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
39．
考查代词。句意：非英语母语者正在创造他们自己的语言形式，名为Globish。one’s own表示“某人自己的”，根据前文的speakers可知，one’s应用形容词物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。
40．
考查介词。句意：将来有一天，全球语会成为最常用的语言吗？in the future为固定短语，表示“在未来”。故填in。
41．expressions
42．behavior
43．frightened
44．are said
45．cut
46．an
47．which
48．at
49．even
50．stealing
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语中与“鸡”有关的一些表达。
41．
考查名词的数。句意：英语中有几个关于鸡的表达来描述人类的行为。名词expression为可数名词，根据形容词several可知，用名词的复数形式。故填expressions。
42．
考查名词。句意：英语中有几个关于鸡的表达来描述人类的行为。形容词human后接名词形式作动词，根据句意此处用作不可数名词。故填behavior。
43．
考查形容词。句意：如果你害怕某事，你可能会被称为胆小鬼。be frightened of害怕，表示人的感受，用-ed形式形容词，frightened“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。
44．
考查时态和语态。句意：如果你以一种疯狂的方式跑来跑去——或者只是非常忙——你就被说成是像一只没头的苍蝇似的跑来跑去。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语you与say之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语you是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填are said。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你以一种疯狂的方式跑来跑去——或者只是非常忙——你就被说成是像一只没头的鸡一样跑来跑去。介词with后宾语its head与cut之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填cut。
46．
考查冠词。句意：但是今天我们要学习的表达是：“Your chickens have come home to roost。”名词expression为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
47．
考查定语从句。句意：“chicken come home to roost”意思是我们过去犯过的错误或做过的坏事又回来给我们带来麻烦，一个名叫亚历克斯的男人就发生了这种情况。指代前面一件事，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
48．
考查介词。句意：他很擅长一件事——撒谎。be good at擅长。故填at。
49．
考查副词。句意：他对同事撒谎，对他遇到的每个女人撒谎，对邻居撒谎，甚至对家人撒谎。结合句意可知，用副词even，表示“甚至”，用来加强语气。故填even。
50．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他被指控在工作场所偷东西。介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填stealing。
51．its
52．The
53．used
54．up
55．has risen
56．when
57．consciousness
58．Stopping
59．absolutely
60．to make
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“升级回收”为剑桥字典年度单词的原因以及意义。
51．
考查代词。句意：《剑桥词典》宣布“升级回收”为2019年年度词汇。空处指的是剑桥词典的年度词汇，用形容词性物主代词修饰Word。故填its。
52．
考查冠词。句意：这个词指的是用旧的或用过的东西或废料制作新的家具、物品等的活动。空这里特指upcycling这个词，所以用定冠词the。故填The。
53．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词指的是用旧的或用过的东西或废料制作新的家具、物品等的活动。名词things与use之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，表示“使用过的”。故填used。
54．
考查副词。句意：自2011年12月“升级回收”一词首次被收录到在线词典以来，该词在剑桥词典网站上的查询次数上升了181%。短语look up查询。故填up。
55．
考查动词时态。句意：自2011年12月“升级回收”一词首次被收录到在线词典以来，该词在剑桥词典网站上的查询次数上升了181%。根据时间状语since December of 2011可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“the number”单数，所以用has。故填has risen。
56．
考查定语从句。句意：自2011年12月“升级回收”一词首次被收录到在线词典以来，该词在剑桥词典网站上的查询次数上升了181%。句中先行词为December of 2011在，在非限定性定语从句中担当时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。
57．
考查名词。句意：《剑桥词典》出版社的出版经理Wendalyn Nichols认为，这个词最近的流行是由于人们对气候变化和其他环境问题的意识日益增强。根据空前的growing以及空后的of可知，空处为名词形式。故填consciousness。
58．
考查非谓语动词。句意：停止气候变化的渐进过程，更不用说彻底改变它，有时似乎是不可能的。句中缺少主语，所以用动名词形式作主语。故填Stopping。
59．
考查副词。句意：“停止气候变化的渐进过程，更不用说彻底改变它，有时似乎是不可能的。修饰动词用副词形式。故填absolutely。
60．
考查非谓语动词。句意：升级回收是一个人可以改变世界的行动。用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to make。
61．was based
62．symbols
63．into
64．usually
65．However
66．was
67．written
68．to connect
69．an
70．amazing
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的文字系统，其演变过程以及重要作用。
61．
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：几千年前，汉语是以图画为基础的。根据时间状语Several thousand years ago可知，时态为一般过去时；主语the Chinese language为单数，和动词base之间存在被动语态，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was based。
62．
考查名词的数。句意：古时候的人们在动物的骨头和贝壳上雕刻一些符号。根据空前的some可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填symbols。
63．
考查介词。句意：直到商朝，这些符号才发展成为一种相当好的文字系统。develop into发展成为。故填into。
64．
考查副词。句意：在接下来的几年里，人们通常在地理位置上彼此远离，形成了各种各样的方言和汉字。作状语用副词形式，修饰整个句子。故填usually。
65．
考查副词。句意：然而，统一了七个国家的秦始皇要求统一文字系统。上文“Therefore, the system developed into different forms.”文字系统发展成许多种类；和下文“Emperor Qinshihuang, who united the seven states into one country, demanded that the writing system should be unified.”秦始皇要求统一文字系统，两者之间存在转折关系，应用副词however位于句首，且首字母大写。故填However。
66．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这真的是一个重要的举措，因为这意味着人们无论住在哪里都可以相互交流。根据从句中的meant可知，空处为一般过去时，主语是it，所以用单数形式。故填was。
67．
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，由于它，现代的人们可以阅读用汉字写的经典作品。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。被修饰词works与write之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填written。
68．
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人非常重视文字系统，它是连接中国现在和过去的一个很好的方式。a way to do sth.做某事的方式。故填to connect。
69．
考查冠词。句意：随着中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多外国学生正在学习这门令人惊叹的语言，以欣赏它的文化。名词role为可数名词，泛指。且increasingly发音为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
70．
考查形容词。句意：随着中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多外国学生正在学习这门令人惊叹的语言，以欣赏它的文化。修饰名词language，指物，所以用-ing形式形容词。故填amazing。
71．have been using##have used
72．who##that
73．without
74．simplified
75．difficulty
76．factors
77．a
78．to be
79．slightly
80．were adopted
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉字的地位及作用，旨在增加学生对中国汉字的自豪感。
71．
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从商朝开始，中国人一直在使用一个完整的汉字系统。根据“Since Shang dynasty”可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，或者动作从过去持续到现在并且还将继续下去；且主语“Chinese people”和use二者之间是主动关系，主语是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have been using/have used。
72．
考查定语从句。句意：使用单一的书写系统的最大优势之一是说不同方言的人可以理解彼此的书写（内容）。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，用 who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
73．
考查介词。句意：因此，交流不会有很大的难度。结合句子结构和句意，此处应用介词without连接，表示“没有”。故填 without。
74．
考查形容词。句意：香港、澳门和台湾地区的人们仍使用传统的汉字，而中国大陆的人们则使用简体汉字。修饰名词短语“Chinese characters”应用形容词，simplified“简化的”符合题意。故填simplified。
75．
考查词名词。句意：香港、澳门和台湾地区的人们仍使用传统的汉字，而中国大陆的人们则使用简体汉字，但是（使用简体字的人）在识别这些（传统）汉字的方面并没有太大的困难。作动词pose的宾语应用difficult的名词形式，difficulty“困难”符合题意，此处为抽象概念，不可数。故填difficulty。
76．
考查名词的单复数。句意：一些学者认为，汉字是使中国南北方在很长一段时间内保持统一的重要因素之一。factor“因素”是可数名词，one of +可数名词复数，意为“......中之一”，所以此处应用factor的复数形式。故填factors。
77．
考查冠词。句意：一些学者认为，汉字是使中国南北方在很长一段时间内保持统一的重要因素之一。固定搭配 for a long time 意为“很长一段时间内”。故填a。
78．
考查非谓语动词。句意：有的学者甚至将汉字视为和造纸术、指南针、火药和活字印刷术这四大发明并列的第五大发明。固定搭配 consider…to be 意为“把……视为”，不定式作宾补。故填to be。
79．
考查副词。句意：尽管汉字的读音略有不同，但中国汉字在古代也在其他语言中被使用。此处应用副词修饰形容词“different”，副词slightly意为“稍微”。故填slightly。
80．
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管汉字的读音略有不同，但中国汉字在古代也在其他语言中被使用。根据“in ancient time”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语“Chinese characters”与动词 adopt 之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态；又因主语为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填were adopted。
81．has continued
82．widely
83．carved
84．variety
85．where##so##and
86．of
87．to connect
88．appreciating
89．a
90．itself
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文字的历史，及其现实意义。
81．
考查时态的主谓一致。句意：中国以其灿烂的文明而闻名于世，尽管历史上经历了许多风风雨雨，但它一直延续至今。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句中的谓语，根据时间状语since the ancient times可知，用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，关系代词that，用作从句主语，代替的先行词its brilliant civilization为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has continued。
82．
考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，其中一个原因是中国的文字体系。修饰动词accepted，应用wide的副词形式。故填widely。
83．
考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年前，汉字只是刻在动物骨头或贝壳上的符号。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语，动词carve和所修饰的名词symbols之间为被动关系，应用其过去分词carved作后置定语。故填carved。
84．
考查名词。句意：在商代，这些符号以各种形式成为一种非常发达的书写系统。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填vary的（可数）名词单数形式，a variety of“各种各样的”是固定短语。故填variety。
85．
考查定语从句以及连词。句意：秦始皇统一了七个主要国家，中国的文字系统开始朝一个方向发展。分析句子可知，空格处可以引导定语从句，先行词为one unified country，关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语；前文“Emperor Qin Shihuang united the seven major states into one unified country”和后文“the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.”之间可以看作是因果关系，可用连词so，也可以看作并列关系，可用连词and。故填where/so/ and。
86．
考查介词。句意：那个文字系统对于团结中国人民和文化非常重要。“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，of great importance相当于very important，作表语，符合句意。故填of。
87．
考查非谓语动词。句意：书面汉语也是连接中国现在和过去的重要途径。名词way后可接动词不定式作后置定语，a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方式或方法”，符合句意。故填to connect。
88．
考查非谓语动词。句意：现代人可以通过阅读他们的经典作品或欣赏中国书法来了解中国古代。根据空格前“by reading their classic works or”可知，此处应用appreciate的动名词形式和reading并列，作介词by的宾语。故填appreciating。
89．
考查冠词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，中国文字系统已成为越来越多的国际学生了解中国文化和历史的窗口。play a role in“起作用于”是固定短语，role是可数名词单数，应用不定冠词限定，因所连接的形容词比较级greater发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
90．
考查代词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，中国文字系统已成为越来越多的国际学生了解中国文化和历史的窗口。establish“确立；得到认可”是及物动词，其动作对象就是主语the Chinese writing system自身，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填itself。
91．to
92．correctly
93．expressions
94．what
95．understanding
96．widely
97．Chatting
98．in
99．gives
100．which
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者学习英语的方法。
91．
考查固定搭配。句意：首先，我总是提前阅读课文，这样我就可以知道在课堂上我必须注意什么。根据固定搭配“pay attention to”意为“注意，重视”可知，此空应填介词to。故填to。
92．
考查副词。句意：每当我答对一个问题，我就会有一种强烈的成就感。根据前文的动词answer可知，此空应用correct的副词修饰它，做状语。故填correctly。
93．
考查名词。句意：我们要写下重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的短语和关键词。根据前文的形容词useful可知，此空应填名词；express的名词形式expression在句中的含义为“短语”，结合句意和并列名词points，rules和words可知，应用复数形式。故填expressions。
94．
考查表语从句。句意：我们要写下重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的短语和关键词。分析句子成分可知， are之后为表语从句，从句用what连接，在句中做write down的宾语成分。故填what。
95．
考查名词。句意：课后，我整理笔记，这样我可以更好地理解他们。根据固定搭配“have a better understanding of…”意为“更好的理解……”可知，此空应填understand的名词形式。故填understanding。
96．
考查副词。句意：为了培养我对英语的兴趣，我在课后广泛阅读英语素材。根据后文的read可知，此空应用wide的副词修饰它，做状语。故填widely。
97．
考查非谓语动词。句意：与我的老师和同学聊天也是我学习英语的方式之一。分析句子可知，“ (chat) with my teachers and classmates”在句中作主语，用动名词形式chatting，句首单词首字母大写。故填Chatting。
98．
考查介词。句意：我们经常用英语谈论关于友谊、体育等不同的话题。根据固定搭配“in English”意为“用英语”可知，此空应填介词in。故填in。
99．
考查时态与主谓一致。句意：用英语自由表达总是给我一种自豪感，反过来又激励我更好地学习英语。分析句子成分可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，Free expression in English为句子主语，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填gives。
100．
考查定语从句。句意：用英语自由表达总是给我一种自豪感，反过来又激励我更好地学习英语。分析句子成分可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，a sense of pride为先行词，指物，所以用which来引导，在定语从句中充当主语成分。故填which。
1