(共74张PPT)
【2023高考夺分宝典】
(通用版)
英语二轮复习
(专题五)
数词
考点解读
【考纲要求】
数词在英语中用法广泛、应用活跃,看似简单,实际运用并不简单,有很多需要注意的地方。需要重点掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、不定数量词、约数量词等表达方法;注意日期、时刻、年龄等表达形式及基数词和序数词用法上的辨析。数词的考查常与其他知识点结合进行。注意掌握数词的构词法以及各类数词的基本用法。
考点解读
【考察热点】
冠词的考察热点:主要是基数词与序数词。
数词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。另外,从近几年的全国英语高考试题看,数词的考察热点基本上是通过听力部分或者写作部分考察的。所以,考生需要会读、会写、能听懂。
1.基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词。如:one,two,three,four,five …
2.序数词 表示顺序的词称为序数词。如:first,second,third,fourth,fifth …
3.数词特殊表示法 如:dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million,zero(0),plus(+),minus(—),multiplied by(×),divided by(÷),percent(%)。
考点梳理
1. 基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词
1)从1—10:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.
2)从 11—19:eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen.
注意:除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen为特殊形式外
fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式
后添加后缀-teen构成。
3)从 21—99:整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”。如:21 twenty-one;76 seventy-six
考点梳理
1. 基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词
4)百位数:个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。如:101 a hundred and one,320 three hundred and twenty,648 six hundred and forty-eight。
5)千位数以上:从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“ ,”从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加 thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加 million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four
5,237,166,234 five billion, two hundred and thirty-seven million,
one hundred and sixty-six thousand, two hundred and thirty-four
考点梳理
2. 序数词 表示顺序的词称为序数词
1)从第一至第十九:除了one — first, two — second, three — third, five— fifth,eight — eighth,nine — ninth,twelve — twelfth为特殊形式外,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如:six — sixth,nineteen — nineteenth。
2) 从第二十至第九十九:整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。如:twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth;表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。如:thirty-first 第三十一;fifty-sixth 第五十六;seventy-third 第七十三;ninety-ninth 第九十九。
考点梳理
2. 序数词 表示顺序的词称为序数词
3)第一百以上多位序数词:由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式。如:
one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一
one thousand, three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十
4)序数词的缩写形式:有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。
first——lst; second——2nd; third——3rd;
fourth——4th; sixth——6th; twentieth——20th;
twenty-third——23rd。其中 lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,
其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。
考点梳理
3. 序数词可用基数词替代
在很多情况下,序数词可以用基数词代替序数词表示顺序
如:the second part = Part two (第二部分)
the first chapter = Chapter one (第一章)
the fourth section = Section four (第四节)
记忆方法:一、二、三,单独记;八去t,九除e,ve要用f替,整十基数变序数,先把ty变成tie;要是遇到两位数,十位基数个位序,th最后加上去。
前三个词变化特殊:one→first,two→second,three→third
八去t,九去e后再加-th:eight→eighth,nine→ninth
ve要用f替:five→fifth,twelve→twelfth,
五、十二把ve换成f再加-th:twenty→twentieth,
thirty→thirtieth... :整十先把词尾y改为ie再加-th。
两位数时:十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,如:twenty-first。
考点梳理
4. 数词特殊表示法
1) dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等数词前面有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时,不加-s:
a few hundred meters 几百米;
several million people 数百万人;
two thousand teachers 两千位老师。
2)表示“几百”“几千”“几百万”等不确切数目时,用-s of:
hundreds of books 几百本书
thousands of workers 几千个工人
There are hundreds of people in the hall.
大厅里有数以百计的人。
Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day
每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马俑博物馆。
考点梳理
4. 数词特殊表示法
3) 英语中没有万,十万,千万,亿这样的单位数词
ten thousand 十千(1000×10=10,000),即一万。
试比较:
thousand 1,000
million 1000,000
thousand million (英) 1000,000,000
或者 billion (美) 1000,000,000
fifty-six thousand 56,000
six hundred million 600,000,000
nine and six billion 96,000,000,000
4)小数中“0”的读法
nought(英);zero(美),也可读作字母o的读音:
0.08 (nought)point nought eight=(zero)point zero eight
9.07 nine point o seven
考点梳理
5) 百分数表示法
百分数中的百分号 % 读作percent。
6% 读作:six percent
0.6% 读作:(nought)point six percent
500% 读作:five hundred percent
12.34% 读作:twelve point three four percent
6)加减乘除读法
6+5=11 Six plus five is eleven 或 Six and five is eleven.
11-6=5 Eleven minus six is five. 或 Six from eleven is five.
4×5=20 Four multiplied by five is twenty.
或: Four times five is twenty.
20÷4=5 Twenty divided by four is five.
或: Four into twenty goes five.
考点梳理
7)分数表示法
整数与分数之间须用and或者over连接:
4 1/2 four and a half
9 2/5 nine and two fifths
43/97 forty-three over ninety-seven
分数用作前置定语时,分母要用单数形式:
a one-third mile 1/3英里
a three-quarter majority 3/4的多数
考点梳理
4. 数词句法功能
1)复数形式的用法
基数词一般是单数形式,但下列情况,常用复数:
(1)与of短语连用表示概数,不能与具体数目连用,如:
scores of people 指许多人。
(2)表示三三两两时:
They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两地到达了。
They went to the theatre in twos and threes.
他们三三两两地来到了剧院。
考点梳理
4. 数词句法功能
(3)表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示。
dozens of ages 几十岁
He became a professor in his thirties.
他三十多岁时成为了教授。
She died of lung cancer in forties.
四十来岁时死于肺癌。
It was in the 1960s.那是在二十世纪六十年代。
(4)在乘法运算的一种表示法里,如:
3 * 5 = 15 ---- Three fives is (are) fifteen.
考点梳理
4. 数词句法功能
2)基数词的使用位置
(1)位于another,all之后:
Can you have another two cakes 你还能吃2块蛋糕吗?
The boy lost all the five pencils last week.
这孩子上周把5枝铅笔全丢了。
(2)位于such和more之前:
I can finish reading two such books in two days.
两天里我能读完这样的两本书。
Please give me one more apple to eat. 请再给我一个苹果吃。
(3)可置于last,next,other之前或之后:
His last two books are written in English.
他的后两本书是用英语写的。
考点梳理
4. 数词句法功能
3)基数词可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语。
作主语:
It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.
据说13是个不吉利的数字。
Three of them will play football.
他们中有三人要去踢足球。
作表语:序数词前的定冠词常省去。
I am eighteen. 我18岁。
Two and two is four. 二加二等于四。
作宾语:
It is worth three hundred. 这件东西值300。
The city has a population of three million.
这个城市有三百万人口。
考点梳理
4. 数词句法功能
3)基数词可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语。
作定语:
There are only three boys in the class. 班上只有3名男生。
Ten people will come to the party. 十个人要来参加聚会。
作同位语:
Are you two coming 你们俩来吗?
They ten will go abroad. 他们十个人将出国。
4)倍数表达法
(1)倍数 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than,用…times表示。
The girl is ten times cleverer than her brother.
(2)表示“是……两倍数”,用twice。
My room is twice as large as yours.
考点梳理
(3)倍数 + as + 形容词 / 副词 / 名词 + as
His apartment is three times as large as that of mine.
Americans eat twice as much protein as they actually need every day.
My aunt is as old age as I am. 我姑姑年龄比我大一倍。
(4)倍数 + 名词
The volume of the Sun is about 1,300,000 times that of the earth.
太阳的体积约为地球的一百三十万倍。
(5)动词+倍数,用-fold或基数词加times表示。
The value of the stock has increased two-fold since we bought it.
自从我们买进股票以来,股票的价值增加了两倍。
Productivity is increased three fold. 生产效率提高了两倍。
(6)用double(翻一番),triple(三倍于),again等词表示倍数。
This coat cost me as much again as the coat I have just bought.
这件外套比我刚买的那件外套贵一倍。
The output of coal has doubled. 煤的产量增加了一倍。
考点梳理
4. 数词句法功能
5)小数表示法
小数点左边的数通常按基数词读,若为三位以上的数,也可按编码式读法读出,即将数字单个读出;小数点右边的数通常按编码式读法单个读出。
6.86 six point eight six
14.15 fourteen point one five
345.456 three four five point four five six
或:three hundred and forty-five point four five six
常见的易混淆情况
数词中常见的易混淆情况
1. 确数和约数
(1) “几百”、“几千”类似的确数用法:
“百”、“千”不能用复数形式
数词 + hundred / thousand / million / billion + 名词复数
五百 five hundred
三千 three thousand
两百万 two million
六十亿 six billion
常见的易混淆情况
数词中常见的易混淆情况
1. 确数和约数
(2)当hundred,thousand,million加上s后,成了概数,表示“数百”、“数千”、“数百万”等概念;接of,表示:
“成百的”
“数以千计的
“成千上万的” “亿万的”
hundreds / thousands / millions / billions + of + 名词复数
hundreds of new tall buildings 数以百计的新高楼
thousands of students 数以千计的学生
millions of people 数以百万计的人
常见的易混淆情况
数词中常见的易混淆情况
2. 数词和冠词的关系
(1)一般情况下,序数词前加定冠词the,基数词前不加冠词。
He failed in the first try. 他第一次尝试失败了。
My number is forty-nine. 我的号码是49。
(2)序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,表示“再—”;“又—”(a / an+序数词)。
We'll go over it a second time.我们得再念第二遍。
We've tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?
我们已经试过三遍了,还必须再试一(第四次)次?
The monkey ate a second banana. 这只小猴又吃了一根香蕉。
常见的易混淆情况
数词中常见的易混淆情况
(3)下列情况不用冠词
序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时,不能再用冠词
This is Tom’s second visit to China. 这是汤姆第二次访问中国。
表示比赛或考试的名次时,通常省略定冠词:
He was (the) second in the English exam.
在这次英语考试中他得了第二名。
序数词被用作副词时不用冠词
I have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业完成好。
在某些习语中不用冠词
at first起初;first of all首先;at first sight 乍一看。
常见的易混淆情况
数词中常见的易混淆情况
3. 基数词有时也可以表示顺序,但需要将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后,不加定冠词。
the first lesson——Lesson One
the fifth page——Page 5(five)
the twenty-first room——Room 21(twenty-one)
4. of the + 基数词,表示“范围”
You can choose a toy of the two as a birthday present.
你可以在这两个玩具中选一个作为生日礼物。
5. more在数次中的用法
(1)一般位于数词之后名词前,有时也可置于名词之后。
She has got five more pens. 她还有五支钢笔。
常见的易混淆情况
数词中常见的易混淆情况
5. more在数次中的用法
(2)more除跟数词外,还可与a little,a few,a lot,several等词连用,名词也可以是不可数名词。
I'd like to buy a few more books. 我想再买几本书。
There are many more dictionaries on the desk.
课桌上有许多词典。
Would you like some more tea 再喝点茶好吗
6. dozen的用法
(1) 当它不与具体数字连用时,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时可将dozens of(许多,几十)视为习语。
I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
常见的易混淆情况
6. dozen的用法
(2) 与具体数字连用,不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of。
two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋
three dozen red roses 三打红玫瑰
(3)与 a few,several 等数目不很具体的词连用,加不加复数词尾-s均可,但不加复数词尾-s时,其后介词of可省略;加词尾-s时,其后介词 of不能省略。
several dozen (of) pencils = several dozens of pencils
几打铅笔
(4)它后面的名词受 the,these,those 等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接us,them这样的人称代词,则必须用介词of。
two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋
three dozen of them 它们中的3打
考点举例
一、in one's + 表示几十的基数词(固定短语)
1. Lindu's mother looks young, but actually she is in her ________ .
A. sixties B. sixtieth C. sixty years old D. sixty years
【解析】
句意:林督的妈妈看上去很年轻,但实际上她六十多岁了。“in one's + 表示几十的基数词”是固定短语,意为“大约几十岁”,此处表示在六十到七十之间。故答案为A。
考点举例
一、in one's + 表示几十的基数词(固定短语)
2. It's never too old to learn. He began to learn English in his.
A. the fiftieth B. fiftieth C. fifty D. fifties
【解析】
句意:活到老,学到老。他在五十多岁时开始学英语。短语“in one's + 基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人多少岁的时候”。此处表示“他在五十多岁时……”故答案为D。
考点举例
二、hundred,thousand,million等表示法
3. He has _______ books in his study.
A. several thousands B. some thousands of
C. some thousands D. some thousand of
【解析】
句意:他书房里有成千上万本书。用thousands of表示成千上万。several thousand 作前置定语修饰名词时,不加s。故选择B他书房里有成千上万本书。用thousands of表示成千上万。several thousand 作前置定语修饰名词时,不加s。故选择B。
考点举例
二、hundred,thousand,million等表示法
4. Two _______ died of cardiovascular disease last winter.
A. hundreds old people B. hundred old people
C. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples
【解析】
句意:去年冬天有二百位老人死于心血管疾病。答案A缺少of;C不仅缺少of,people还用了复数形式,D也是people用了复数形式。故选择B。
考点举例
二、hundred,thousand,million等表示法
5. —How many people were invited to the meeting
—About six ________ .
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
【解析】
句意:有多少人被邀请参加会议?大约六百人。表达确数时,hundred,thousand,million等词不加s。所以排除B和D。表示约数时,hundred,thousand,million等词与of连用,必须加s。又排除C。故选择答案A。
考点举例
三、 基数词与序数词
6. There are ________ months in a year. ________ month is December.
A. twelfth;Twelfth B. twelve;Twelve
C. twelfth;the twelfth D. twelve;The twelfth
【解析】
句意:一年中有12个月,第十二个月是December。一年中有12个月中的12用基数词表示数量,第十二个月表示顺序用序数词。故答案为D。
考点举例
三、 基数词与序数词
7. He came out ______ in the track events.
A. first B. one C. the first D. the one
【解析】
句意:他在径赛项目中得了第一名。这里first可以认为是起副词作用,也可以看成是表语或者可以看做一种“取得第一名”的习惯用法。故选择A。
考点举例
四、分数与百分比的表示法
8. There are ________ teachers in our school, ________ of them are women teachers.
A. two hundreds;three fourth B. two hundred;three fourths
C. two hundred;three fourth D. two hundreds;three fourths
【解析】
句意:我们学校有二百多名教师,其中四分之三是女教师。hundred与具体数字连用时使用单数,所以排除A和D。用分数表达时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式,所以又排除了C。故选择答案B。
考点举例
四、分数与百分比的表示法
9. _______of the population here are peasants.
A. 20 percents B. 20 percent
C. the 20 percent D. the 20 percents
【解析】
句意:这里20% 的人口是农民。百分比作修饰语,前面不加冠词,也不用复数形式。故选择B。
考点举例
五、 固定短语
10. Shortly after the accident, _________ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A .dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen
【解析】
句意:事故发生后不久,十几名警察被派往现场维持秩序。当dozen不与具体数字连用时,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时dozens of表示许多,几十。故选择A。
真题再现
1.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
M: I wonder if Suzy will be here by 5 o’clock.
W: Her husband said she left home at 4:30. She should be here
at 5:15.
Q: What time did Suzy leave home
A.4:30. B.5:00. C.5:15.
【答案】A
【解析】注意:听到与数字有关的词语时,一定抓住关键。这段听力中注意5 o’clock,4:30,5:15。播放听力前快速浏览问题:“What time did Suzy leave home ”。根据问题有意识地关注出发时间:“she left home at 4:30” 。所以答案选择A。
真题再现
2.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
1)What percent of the four year schools began as public
agricultural colleges in America
A. About 1/4. B. A. bout 1/24. C. About 1/6.
2)When was the idea of the land grant college developed
A. In 1826.
B. More than 100 years ago.
C. About 200 years ago.
3)What do we know about the international students this
year at the College of Agricultural Sciences
A. There are 5 graduate students altogether.
B. Most of them are from Africa,Asia and Europe.
C. There are 205 international students.
真题再现
2.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
【解析】注意:听数字时注意“more than...”后一般会跟数字,“About ...”后一般会跟数字,“year”前会有数字。
美国有2400多所学院和大学,“there are more than 2,400 American colleges...”,
大约有一百所开始是公立农业学院,“one hundred of these four year schools began as public agricultural colleges...”( 100:2400 =1/24)。
100多年前,Justin Smith Morrill提出的政府赠地学院的构想,“The idea of the land grant college was developed more than 100 years ago by Congressman Justin Smith Morrill of Vermont”。因此,18题选择B;19题选择B;20题选择B。
真题再现
2.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
听力原文:
The United States Department of Education says there are more than 2,400 American colleges and universities. About one hundred of these four year schools began as public agricultural colleges, and continue to teach agriculture. They are called land grant colleges or universities. Federal land grants supported the building of most of the major state universities in the United States. The idea of the land grant college was developed more than 100 years ago by Congressman Justin Smith Morrill of Vermont.
真题再现
2.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
听力原文:
In 1862, he wrote bills to create such a college in each state. Almost 200 international students are studying this year in the College of Agricultural Sciences at Penn State. All but five are graduate students. University officials say most international students in the College of Agricultural Sciences are from Africa, Asia and Europe. They are studying animal science, plant science, economics, and food science。
真题再现
3.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
M: It’s been raining since Monday, but the weather report says that tomorrow will be clear and sunny. Thank goodness, we can at last say goodbye to the rain.
W: That’s really good news. You know I always play football on Saturday, and I like to play in good weather.
Q: How long has the rain lasted
A.5 days. B.6 days. C.7 days.
【答案】A
【解析】从星期一到说话时(根据下文可知说话时是星期五)一直下雨:“It’s been raining since Monday”(since自从.....时候开始);明天将会晴天“tomorrow will be clear and sunny”;因为明天是(星期六)。所以说话时是星期五,雨持续下了5天。“I always play football on Saturday(星期六)”我总是在星期六踢足球。故选答案A。
真题再现
4.(2022年高考 哈工大附中英语听力模拟试卷)
M: I wonder if Suzy will be here by 5 o’clock.
W: Her husband said she left home at 4:30. She should be
here at 5:15.
Q: What time did Suzy leave home
A. 4:30. B. 5:00. C. 5:15.
【答案】A
【解析】根据“What time did Suzy leave home”,苏西什么时候离开家的这个问题注意听力材料中的前后关系。女士问的是5点前能否到;男士回答:4:30离开家的,应该在5:15到。
注意:听到与数字有关的词语时,抓住关键,避免混淆。这段听力中涉及到 5 o’clock;left home at 4:30;should be here at 5:15。问题中问的是“last time”。所以选择A。
真题再现
5.(2021年高考英语真题试卷,新高考Ⅰ卷,听力部分第6段对话的第二个问题)
How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time
A.$20. B.$25. C.$50.
【答案】B
【解析】“How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time ” Gomez上次花了多少钱看球赛?根据“Last time I paid 25”上次我花了25美元(注意读音:twenty-five dollars)故选B。
(后附:听力原文)
真题再现
5.(2021年高考英语真题试卷,新高考Ⅰ卷,听力部分第6段对话的第二个问题)
听力原文:
W: Are you a football fan, Gomez
M: Yes, I go to the stadium whenever there's a good game, and if I can't get a ticket, I watch the game on TV. That way, they are less exciting, though.
W: Is the ticket expensive
M: It depends. It usually costs about 20 to 50 dollars. Last time I paid 25.
W: That's not very expensive. Maybe we can go together some time.
M: Great! It'll be more fun to watch a game with a friend.
真题再现
5.(2021年高考英语真题试卷,新高考Ⅰ卷,听力部分第6段对话的第二个问题)
How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time
A.$20. B.$25. C.$50.
温馨提示:
根据“Last time I paid 25”上次我花了25美元(注意读音:twenty-five dollars)故选B。
注意:听到与数字有关的词语时,抓住关键。这段听力中涉及到20、50、25(twenty, fifty, twenty-five),问题中问的是“last time”。所以,在做听力练习的时候,抓住关键词语,避免混淆。
真题再现
6.(2021年高考英语真题试卷,新高考Ⅰ卷,听力部分第9段对话的第三个问题)
What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning
A. At 7:40. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:20.
【答案】A
【解析】问题问的是:“What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning ” Michael明天早上什么时候离开所在地?根据“No problem. It takes twenty minutes to reach your place, so I'll set off at 7:40. ”没问题,到你家要20(发音:twenty)分钟,我要在7:40(发音:seven forty)出发,故选A。
真题再现
6.(2021年高考英语真题试卷,新高考Ⅰ卷,听力部分第9段对话的第三个问题)
听力原文:
M: Sure. When shall I be at your place
W: Well, what about eight o'clock From my place to Shelton, we have to drive through the Quarters, so we'd better leave early to avoid the traffic.
M: Okay. No problem. It takes twenty minutes to reach your place, so I'll set off at 7:40. By the way, do you also need me to drive you home tomorrow afternoon
W: No. John will be back then. And he'll get me home. Thank you, Michael.
M: That's Okay. See you tomorrow.
同步训练
1.He cut the cake ______ .
A. in halves B. in half C. into halves D. into hal
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他把这块蛋糕切成同样大小的两半。in half表示“分成一样大小的两半”。也可以说cut sth. in two;A、C、D的表达方式都不正确。故选择B。
同步训练
2.Now, Let’s turn to page ________ and look at the ________ picture in Lesson Three.
A. twentieth;one B. twenty;one
C. twenties;first D. twenty;first
【答案】D
【解析】句意:请打开书翻到第20页,先来看一下第三课的第一幅图片。表示顺序用序数词,但通常也可以用基数词代替序数词来表示顺序,注意其表达方式不同,序数词前要加定冠词,用基数词表顺序时,要把页、章、节等放在基数词前面,所以,The second page = page 2;picture one = the first picture。故选择D。
同步训练
3. Nearly ________ of the earth ________ covered by sea.
A. three fourth; is B. three fourths; is
C. three fourth; are D. three fourths; are
【答案】B
【解析】句意:地球将近四分之三被海洋所覆盖。在分数中,分子用基数词、分母用序数词来表示;分子大于一时,分母用复数形式(加s)。把主语指的那部分看作一个整体,因此谓语动词用单数。符合上述要求的只有B,其他三项均不合题意。故选择B。
同步训练
4.________ of the city was covered with the heavy smog.
A. Two-third B. Two-thirds C. Two-three D. Two-threes
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这座城市的三分之二被浓雾笼罩着。分数的表达方式为:分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于一时,分母用复数形式。故选B。
同步训练
5.It was in ______ when he was already in ______ that he went to Yanan.
A. the 1940s,the 40s B. the 1940s,his forties
C. 1940's,his forties D. the 1940's,his 40s
【答案】B
【解析】句意:那是20世纪40年代,在他40多岁的时候去的延安。“在20世纪40年代”,必须有定冠词the。此外,年代后要加's或s。“他已经40多岁了”要用in his forties,故选择B。
同步训练
6. It's _______ walk from here to my school.
A. two-hours B. two hours
C. two-hour D. a two-hour
【答案】D
【解析】句意:从这里到学校步行两个小时。在表数量的合成词中,名词部分为单数,排除A和B。“walk”作为名词,常与不定冠词连用,如:a two-year-old boy,two-hour修饰walk,作为一个整体,前面加不定冠词泛指。所以再排除C。故选择D。
同步训练
7.I have asked him three times. I wonder if I can ask him ________ time.
A. four B. fourth C. the fourth D. a fourth
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我已经问过他三次了,我不知道我能不能再问他一次。序数词前面加不定冠词表示“又一次”。故选择答案D。
同步训练
8.He went to the market and bought _______ eggs and some meat.
A. several dozen of B. several dozen
C. several dozens D. several dozens of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他去市场买了几十个鸡蛋和一些肉。dozen与several,many连用时,复数不加s。dozens of表示几十(数量很多),在修饰有these,the等词限定的名词时,可用dozen of的形式。如:three dozen of these eggs。故选择B。
同步训练
9.Mo Yan has published ________ novels, of which some are very popular among Chinese readers, Red Sorghum, for example.
A. a dozen of B. a dozen C. dozen of D. dozens of
【答案】D
【解析】句意:莫言已经出版了几十本小说,其中一些小说在中国读者中很受欢迎,比如《红高粱》。a dozen of =12;dozens of novels=几十(句子中表示几十本);在修饰有these,the等词限定的名词时,可用dozen of的形式。当dozen不与具体数字连用,要加复数词尾-s,后接介词of。根据事实分析莫言出版的小说不仅仅是12本,故选择D。
同步训练
10.You'll have to spend _______writing your report here.
A. one day or two days B. one day or two
C. a day or two D. two days or one
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你得花一两天时间在这里写报告。只有C项为正确的表达方式,或者也可以写成“one or two days”。再如:one hour and a half或one and a half hours。故选择C。
同步训练
11. The price of such material was reduced _______ .
A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent
C. at 18 percent D. for 18 percent
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这种材料的价格降低了18% 。表增加或减少的数量的百分比用by + 百分数表示。故选择A。
同步训练
12.They sold ______ boxes of such sweets last week.
A. four dozen B. four dozens
C. four dozens of D. four dozen
【答案】A
【解析】句意:上个星期他们卖了四打这样的糖果。“dozen”与数词或many,several等词连用时,复数不加s。故B、C两项不选。dozen与数词连用做定语,一般也不加of。故选择A。
同步训练
13.He was only in__ at the time.
A. his 20's B. the 20's C. his twenties D. the twenties
【答案】D
【解析】句意:那时他才二十几岁。表示“几十”的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄,本句为"二十多岁"。故选择C。
同步训练
14.The two great men wrote those letters in _______ .
A. 1870's B. 1879s C. the 1870s D. the 1870
【答案】C
【解析】句意:两位伟人在19世纪70年代写了这些信。定冠词the和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。故选择C。
同步训练
15.On National day ______ people take part in all kinds of celebration.
A. hundreds of millions of B. millions of hundred of
C. hundreds millions of D. millions hundreds of
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在国庆节上,数亿人参加各种庆祝活动。tens of thousands of(小数在前,大数在后)thousands and thousands of(两数一样大)。所以用hundreds of millions of。故选择A。
同步训练
16.He has lived at ______ for 30 years.
A. No. 101 Heping Street B. 101 Heping Street
C. Heping Street 101 D. Heping street No. 101
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他在和平街101号住了30年。居住的门牌号用介词at + 号数 + 街道名。故选择B。
同步训练
17.South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth__ water.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】句意:赤道以南,地球表面的81%是水。不可数的名词的百分比用单数;可数名词的百分比则用复数。C项时态不对。故选择A。
同步训练
18.It's about ______, the thickness of a human hair.
A. two-fifteenth B. two-fifteenths
C. two fifteen D. two fifteens
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这大约是十五分之二,一个人头发的厚度。分数做定语,分子用基数词,分母为序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数,本题中,其它表达方式均不正确。故选择B。
同步训练
19.It was in 1939 that ______ broke out.
A. World War Second B. the World War Second
C. Second World War D. World War II
【答案】D
【解析】句意:第二次世界大战是在1939爆发的。序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还可以是The Second World War的形式;World War II = The Second World。故选择D。
同步训练
20. The earth is nearly _______ the moon.
A. 50 time the size of B. 50 times the size of
C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:地球的大小几乎是月球的50倍。times表示倍数,如:two times the size of表示是……的两倍的大小,还可以用two times as large/big as。另外,two times the size of = twice the size of。类似的用法有twice the height(depth,width,weight)of。故选择B。
同步训练
21.______of the land in that district _______covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth,is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
【答案】C
【解析】句意:那个地区五分之二的土地被树木和草覆盖着。分数做主语,关键是看它代指的是什么名词的比例,分数后面加了“of + 名词”做句子主语时,如果of后面是可数名词单数形式,则谓语动词也用单数形式;如果of后面是可数名词复数形式,则谓语动词也用复数形式。分数的分母用基数词,分子用序数词,分子大于一时,分母+s。故选择C。
同步训练
22.______ people were sent there to help fight against the flood.
A. Three scores of B. Three score of
C. Three score D. Three scores
【答案】B
【解析】句意:有60人被派去帮助抗洪。three score of people(score 的具体数量是20),three score of sth. (sth.主要指一些代词和表示数量的名词,如,people,them,teachers等等)。而scores of sth. 是很多的意思。如scores of people很多人。score做定语修饰名词用a/three score of,不用复数形式。故选择B。
同步训练
23. It took me ______ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.
A. a half dozen B. half a dozen
C. haft dozens D. half dozen
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我花了六天才画完了一匹漂亮的马。“半打(6个)”的表达方式一定要用“half a dozen”。故选择B。
同步训练
24.Mr. Smith asked me to buy several ______eggs for the dinner.
A. dozen B. dozens C. of dozens D. dozens o
【答案】A
【解析】句意:句意:史米斯先生让我买几打鸡蛋当晚餐。dozen与数词或several,many连用时,复数不加s;排除B、C、D。故选择A。
Let’s end of this part
Thank you !