北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 5Humans and nature Lesson 3 Race to The Pole 翻译 讲解课件（56张））

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Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Lesson 3 Race to the Pole
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Lesson 3 Race to the Pole
To read and talk about the difficulties that explorers face and the preparations for them
To read for deep understanding
To learn to read for the implied（暗示的） meaning of sentences
Learning Objectives
Antarctica (南极) — the coldest and driest continent on the Earth, 90% of which is made of ice; it’s inhabited（居住） by penguins（企鹅）
How much do you know about Antarctica（南极洲）
南极洲是围绕南极的大陆，地球七大洲之一。南极大陆几乎全被冰川覆盖。整个大陆只有少数地方无长年冰雪覆盖，动 植物能够生存。全境为平均海拔2350米的大高原，是世界上平均海拔最高的洲。 南极洲每年分寒、暖两季，4月一10月是寒季，11月—3月是暖季。在南极圈内暖季有极昼现象，寒季则有极夜现象，并 有绚丽的极光出现在南极圈附近。南极洲蕴藏的矿物有22余种，生活的动物有企鹅、海象、海狮、信天翁等。
背景小贴士
Antarctica (南极) — the coldest and driest continent on the Earth, 90% of which is made of ice; it’s inhabited by penguins
1. What kinds of challenges do you think explorers may face
2. What preparations do they need to make
......
Challenges explorers may face
Extreme weather
food
water
transportation
other dangers
map
food
compass
ski
(滑雪板)
sledge (雪橇)
A team of dogs
tents
(帐篷)
warm clothes
A competition to see who is the fastest.
Race to the Pole
L to R: Wilson, Evans,
Scott, Oates and Bowers
The captain of each expedition（探险队）
Captain Scott
Roald Amundsen
1.罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校 (Captain Robert Falcon Scott),英国海 军军官和极地探险家。1900年他第 一次到南极探险。1910年，斯科特从 英国出发，重返南极，他这次的目标 是要到达南极点。但他发现这次他 有一个竞争者：罗尔德·阿蒙森。斯 科特的五人探险队于1912年1月17 日到达南极点，但阿蒙森比他们早到 了35天。在返程的途中，他们遭遇极 强的寒冷低温，五人先后遇难。后来 他被英国国王追封为骑士。 今天位于南极地区的阿蒙森一斯科 特站是以他和他的竞争者命名的。
2.罗尔德·阿蒙森(Roald Amundsen), 挪威极地探险家。他在探险史上获得 了两个“第一”：第一个航行于西北航 道；第一个到达南极点。
人物小传
2. Here is an account of two teams’ journeys to the South ole. Read the text
Race to The Pole
奔向南极的比赛
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey to Antarctica. While he was on the way to Antarctica, he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south, too. Then the race to the South Pole began!
1910年6月1日，罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校离开了伦敦，开始了去南极洲的行程。在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要去南极洲。于是，奔向南极的赛跑就开始了！
During the polar summer of 1910—1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.
在1910—1911年的极地的夏季，两支队伍都建了食品储备点，为来年的旅程做准备。极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待春天的到来。
本句为完全倒装句，谓语动词came位于主语之前。正常语序为: The total darkness of the polar winter came then.
考点提炼:副词提前引起的完全倒装
当here,there,now,then,in,out,down,up,off,away等表示地点、时间和方位的 副词位于句首，谓语动词是be,come,go,be,lie,stand等，且主语是名词时，句子用 完全倒装结构（即谓语部分全部移至主语之前）。其中谓语动词多用一般现在时或 者一般过去时，而不用进行时态。
◆Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。
◆There rose before us the great pyramid.雄伟的金字塔矗立在我们面前。
◆In came the teacher,with a book in his hand.老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
◆Away flew the bird,鸟飞走了。
◆Up went the rocket into the air,火箭升空了。
特别提醒
在上述情况中，若主语是代词，句子不用完全倒装结构。
◆一Where is the key' 钥匙在哪儿？
◆一Here it is.在这里。
Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September, 1911. He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because of this, he made rapid progress. Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. After a while, Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.
1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一个动身。他用几队狗拉雪橇，所有的队员都在滑雪板上行进。因此，他进展很快。11月1日，斯科特动身，但很快就出现了问题。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。过了一阵子，斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推雪橇。
动词不定式做后置定语
考点提炼 ："the+序数词(+名词)+动词不定式（短语）"结构
"the first / the second / the third/…(+名词)"后常跟不定式（短语）作后置定语。
◆He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.他是第一位获得这个奖项的中国公 民。（全国Ⅲ卷）
◆The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting.雪还在融化时，梅花 是第一个开花的。（全国Ⅱ卷）
归纳拓展: "形容词最高级/the last/the only/.(+名词)"后也常跟不定式（短 语)作后置定语。 ◆He was the best man to do the job.他是做这份工作的最佳人选。
◆She is always the first to come and the last to leave.她总是第一个来，最后一个走。 ◆She is the only student to be absent from school today.她是今天唯一一个没来上学的 学生。
Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December, 1911 and put a Norwegian flag there. Then he prepared for the return journey. Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January, 1912, ten days ahead of their planned schedule.
1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达极点，在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他准备返回。1912年1月25日，阿蒙森和他的团队提前10天安全抵达了他们出发的基地。
Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January, 1912.
1912年1月17日，斯科特和四名队员终于到达了极点。
They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote in his diary:
当看到挪威国旗时，他们非常震惊。斯科特在日记中写道：
“Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing—and goodbye to most of our dreams.”
“好吧，我们现在已经失去了我们奋斗的目标，而且必须要面对800 英里的艰苦行进——并且要跟我们大多数人的梦想说再见。”
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The men were soon very tired and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their hopeless situation:
他们的回程是探险史上最糟糕的旅程之一。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气非常糟糕。斯科特开始意识到他们的处境令人绝望：
“We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”
“我们很高兴，但每个人内心里的感受我只能猜到。大家早上鞋子穿得越来越慢。”
However, on their way back they found time to lock for rocks. They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way with them. Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent cf Antarctica was covered by plants.
然而，在回去的路上，他们还花时间去寻找了岩石。他们一路上带着二十公斤的石头。后来，通过这些石块可以证实，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。
Then disaster came. Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall. The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. Scott recorded his death:
然后灾难来了。埃德加·埃文斯得了一种可怕的疾病，重重地跌倒后去世了。下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。斯科特记下了他的死亡：
“He said, ‘I am just going outside and may be some time.’... We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far.”
“他说，‘我要出去一下，可能会待上一会儿。’我们知道可怜的奥茨正走向死亡，尽管我们曾试图阻止他，但我们都知道这是一个勇敢的人、一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望能以同样的精神挺到最后，我们也确实快走到最后了。”
Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases. But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen:
斯科特上校和两名队员继续向前，到达距离食品储备点不足11英里的地方，但随后爆发了一场可怕的风暴，他们无法离开帐篷。在他生命的最后几个小时，斯科特花时间写下一些文字。 他写了一封充满悲伤的信给妻子凯瑟琳：
“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey. What stories you would have for the boy ... but what a price to pay.”
“关于这次旅行我有太多太多的事情想告诉你。很多你愿意给孩子讲的故事……但付出了多大的代价啊。”
Scott’s diary also told the story of their end:
斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局：
“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can’t be far. It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more.”
“我们越来越虚弱，终点可能不远了。非常遗憾，但我想我无法继续写下去了。”
The news of Scott’s death shocked the world. Even Amundsen was moved by Scott’s death saying “Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything that makes a man”. Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.
斯科特死亡的消息震惊了全世界。甚至阿蒙森也被斯科特的离世所触动，他说：“斯科特上校将永载史册，因为他诚实、真诚、勇敢，并拥有一个男人该有的一切。”斯科特没能赢得极点比赛，但斯科特和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为了英雄。
3. Read again and complete the information about the two teams and make comparisons.
Scott's team Amundsen's team
Nationality of the two teams
Before the journey
Journey to the destination
Arrival at the destination
The return journey
Scott's team Amundsen's team
Nationality of the two teams
British
Norwegian
Read again and complete the information about the two teams and make comparisons.
Scott's team Amundsen's team
Before the journey
They organised food bases.
They organised food bases.
Read again and complete the information about the two teams and make comparisons.
Scott's team Amundsen's team
Journey to the destination
Two sledges broke down, the horses had difficulties with the cold. Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.
He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because of this, he made rapid progress.
Read again and complete the information about the two teams and make comparisons.
Scott's team Amundsen's team
Arrival at the destination
Scott arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 Janauary, 1912, and was disheartened.
Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December, 1911 and put a Norwegian flag there. Then he prepared for the return journey.
Read again and complete the information about the two teams and make comparisons.
Scott's team Amundsen's team
The return journey
Men were very tired and were running out of food.
The weather conditions were terrible.
They brought rocks back for scientific evaluation. All members died.
Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January, 1912, ten days ahead of their planned schedule.
Read again and complete the information about the two teams and make comparisons.
What happened on Scott's return journey
How does he feel at each period
the South Pole
food bases
events
feelings
4. Read and answer.
What happened on Scott's return journey
The men were soon very tired and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible.
However, on their way back they found time to look for rocks. They carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them.
Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.
The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.
Scott and two of his team members carried on but then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent. They finally died.
the South Pole
food bases
events
within eleven miles
the South Pole
food bases
The men were soon very tired and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their hopeless situation: “... We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”
hopeless and helpless
feelings
the South Pole
food bases
However, on their way back they found time to look for rocks. They carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them. Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.
determined and devoted
feelings
the South Pole
food bases
Then disaster came. Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall. The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.
sad
feelings
the South Pole
food bases
Scott recorded his death: “He said, ‘I am just going outside and I may be some time.' We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far.”
courageous
feelings
the South Pole
food bases
Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases. But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen: “I could tell you lots and lots about this journey. What stories you would have for the boy … but what a price to pay.”
full of sadness
completely hopeless
sorry
feelings
5. Read the underlined sentences from Scott's diary and letter. Work out the implied meaning of the sentences. Write your inferences below.
Sometimes things are not stated directly in the text. To understand what is meant, we need to read between the lines. This is called “making inferences”.
Read the sentence / paragraph carefully.
Read the lines before and after it.
Use your logic and knowledge to understand the implied meaning of the text.
Making inferences
“Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing —— and goodbye to most of our dreams.”
“Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing —— and goodbye to most of our dreams.”
They lost the reason for the journey.
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The men were soon very tired and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their hopeless situation:
“... We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The men were soon very tired and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their hopeless situation:
“... We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”
The men were getting weaker.
The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. Scott recorded his death:
“He said, ‘I am just going outside and may be some time.' We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far.”
He is going to walk into the cold and die away from the team.
The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. Scott recorded his death:
“He said, ‘I am just going outside and may be some time.' We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far.”
Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen:
“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey. What stories you would have for the boy… but what a price to pay.”
The journey cost the men their lives.
Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen:
“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey. What stories you would have for the boy… but what a price to pay.”
Would you say that Scott and his team were losers or heros Why or why not
They showed true determination and good characters.
Their spirit will always inpire others.
Scott’s team had always kept their goals in mind.
Facing difficult situations, they still showed great courage and strong will.
What they have done is helpful for human exploration.
6. Group Work Think And Share
中国南极科考站 1984年11月20日，中国派出南极考察队首次赴南极考 察与建站，开启了中国人南极探险的旅程。 中国南极科考站包括中国南极长城站、中国南极中山站、 中国南极昆仑站和中国南极泰山站，以及在建的中国南极罗 斯海新站。
1.长城站：常年科考站。1985年中国在南极建立了第一 个科学考察站—长城站。长城站所在的乔治王岛，是南极地 区科学考察站分布最为密集的区域，周围分布有智利、阿根廷、 波兰、巴西、乌拉圭等国家的科学考察站。
2.中山站：常年科考站。中山站建立于1989年，是以中国民主革命的伟大先驱孙中山先生的名字命名的。
3.昆仑站：目前为度夏科考站。昆仑站于2009年胜利建成，是南极内陆冰盖最高点上的科学考察站。
4.泰山站：主要在南极夏天使用。泰山站于2014年正式建成开站。其名称寓意坚实、稳固、庄严、国泰民安等，代表了中华民族巍然屹立于世界民族之林含义。泰山站建成后可实现部分设备在冬季无人值守情况下连续运行。
5.罗斯海新站：中国第五个南极科考站。2018年，罗斯海新站在恩克斯堡岛正式选址奠基，预计2022年建成。
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