高中英语 外研版（2019）必修三 Unit 1 Period 4 学案
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| 名称 | 高中英语 外研版（2019）必修三 Unit 1 Period 4 学案 |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-04 09:10:54 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Period 4 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
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1.Govern your thoughts when alone, and your tongue when in company.
一人独处慎于思，与人相处慎于言。
2.Depend on your parents at home, and rely on your friends outside.
在家靠父母，出门靠朋友。
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①line n．[C][熟词生义]
诗行；歌词
②remain link. v.仍然是
③excerpt [ek's pt] n．[C]
摘录，节选
④tangled ['t ɡ( )ld]
adj.纠结的；复杂的
⑤web [web] n．[C]蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物
⑥weave [wi v] v．编，织
⑦deceive [dI'si v] v．欺骗
⑧value n．[C]价值观
⑨majority n．大部分，大多数
“a/the majority＋of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。
⑩to...extent到……程度，
在……程度上
justify ['d stIfaI] v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护
say for example that
比如，举例
despite [dI'spaIt] prep.
即使，尽管
frank [fr k] adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的
latter ['l t ] n．后者
the former前者
ask for sb.'s advice
征求某人的建议
go back to回到(原来的话题)
in advance提前，事先
in advance of...(时间上)在……之前
serve [s v] vt.& vi.
(给某人)提供；端上
moreover [m r' v ] adv.
此外，而且
【人物小传】
沃尔特·司各特(Walter Scott)是英国著名的历史小说家和诗人。他生于苏格兰的爱丁堡市，自幼患有小儿麻痹症。他的以苏格兰为背景的诗歌十分有名，而后逐渐转行开始写历史小说，最终成为英国历史文学的一代鼻祖，在他去世后，浪漫主义时代也随之走向结束。
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Little White Lies
[1]Written more than two hundred years ago, these lines① by Walter Scott remain② one of the most well known excerpts③ of Scottish poetry：
Oh, what a tangled④ web⑤ we weave⑥，
When first we practise to deceive⑦！
[1]此处为过去分词短语作让步状语。
We all know that honesty is an important value⑧ and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they've never told a lie Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge [2]that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”： little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth．
[2]此处为that引导的同位语从句，对knowledge进行解释说明。第一个“we tell”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词most of the lies。冒号后的部分是对white lies的解释说明，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词little lies。不定式“to protect others from the truth”在从句中作目的状语。
We've all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don't like. The majority⑨ of us of course don't tell the truth—we lie and say that the food is “delicious”．
[3]Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It's great！”， even if we think it's awful. But to what extent⑩ can we justify telling white lies like these
[3]本句为一个主从复合句。主句为“we say ‘It's great！’”；if 引导条件状语从句，其中包含一个what引导的宾语从句；even if引导让步状语从句。
One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is [4]to try to make others feel better. However, when we lie and say that someone's haircut looks good, or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate, are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others.
[4]此处为不定式短语作表语，make others feel better为 “make＋宾语＋宾补” 结构。
Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement. Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing. You of course say that it's wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you [5]so that they can improve. Or perhaps, they need to know that they should look for a different hobby.
[5]此处为so that引导的目的状语从句。Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news. If you've had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”？ If the latter ， don't you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings Wouldn't it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice ？
[6]Going back to Walter Scott's lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance . Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served [7]every time you visit. Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his “wonderful” singing How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad Moreover ， how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you
[6]此处为现在分词短语作时间状语。
[7]此处为名词短语every time引导的时间状语从句。
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小小的善意谎言
沃尔特·司各特在两百多年前写下的这些诗句(至今)仍是苏格兰诗歌中最为著名的节选之一：
哦，我们一旦开始进行欺骗，就编织了一张多么错综复杂的网啊！
我们都知道诚实是一种重要的价值观，说谎是错误的，但谁能诚实地说他们从来没有说过谎呢？或许我们会这样安慰自己，我们说的大多数谎言都是善意的谎言：我们为了保护他人免受真相的伤害而说的小谎。
我们肯定都有过这样的经历，有人为我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭菜。大部分人当然不会讲实话，而是谎称食物很美味。
或者，要是朋友问我们觉得他们的新发型怎么样，即使我们觉得糟糕，我们(还是)会说“真好看！”。但是，我们能在多大程度上证明善意的谎言都像这些一样有道理呢？
(人们)说善意的谎言的主要原因之一就是尽量让他人感觉好一些。可是，当我们撒谎说某人的发型好看，或对心底讨厌的饭菜表示喜欢时，我们真的是想改善他人的处境吗？或许实际上我们撒谎是为了让我们自己避免承受别人的失望和愤怒。
(人们)说善意的谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励。比如，你的朋友问你他的歌唱得如何，你当然会说很棒，尽管你心里暗自认为你的猫能唱得更好。停下来思考一下，或许你的朋友想要从你身上得到一些诚恳的意见，这样他们才能改进。或者，也许他们需要知道他们应该寻找不同的爱好。
最后，当我们想保护别人不受坏消息影响时，我们也可能会说善意的谎言。如果你经历了糟糕的一天，你会告诉你的父母，或者你会隐藏你的眼泪，谎称你的这一天很好吗？如果是后者，难道你不认为你的父母想听你倾诉，并理解你的感受吗？尊重他们对你的关心，向他们寻求建议不是更好吗？
回到沃尔特·司各特的诗句，我们或许会发现哪怕是善意的谎言也会造成我们无法预料的结果。可能你称之为美味的那顿饭会在你每次去拜访的时候被端上来。朋友若发现你说他歌唱得不错是撒谎之后，还会再相信你的意见吗？如果你只分享好消息，对坏消息闭口不提，你怎么能期待别人能够真正理解你的情绪呢？此外，如果你发现你最亲近的人一直都对你隐瞒真相，你会怎么想？
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Ⅰ.Read the text and fill in the blanks.
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答案：1.honesty 2.lying 3.awful 4.to try to make others feel better 5.to give encouragement 6.protect others from bad news 7.results 8.emotions
Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answer to each question.
1．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic of the whole passage.
B．To deepen the understanding of white lies.
C．To remind the readers of the damage of white lies.
D．To analyze why people like telling white lies.
2．Why do we say the food is “delicious” although we don't like it
A．To show respect for the host.
B．To give encouragement.
C．To try to make others feel better.
D．To protect others from bad news.
3．In which example is a white lie used to give encouragement
A．Your haircut looks good.
B．The meal you cooked is delicious.
C．You sing a wonderful song.
D．My day is fine. Don't worry.
4．What does the passage mainly discuss
A．The functions of white lies.
B．The reasons and results of white lies.
C．What white lies are about.
D．What white lies may bring us.
答案：1－4.ACCB
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Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her. 她的成功证明了老师对她的信任是正确的。
2．burst into tears 突然大哭起来
3．I don't like skating; moreover,__the ice is too thin.
我不喜欢滑冰；而且，这冰也太薄了。
4．I can't tell the twins apart．
我分不出这一对双胞胎中谁是谁。
5．jump over the fence 跳过篱笆
Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地；直率地
2．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立；自主
Ⅲ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they've never told__a__lie(说谎)
2．You do not need to take too many clothes, but do bring sunglasses to protect your eyes from(保护……免受) direct sunlight.
3．To__what__extent(在多大程度上) does the learners' first language influence their English writing
4．You will be at an advantage if you have thought about the interview questions in__advance(提前)．
5．How would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from(向……隐瞒……) you
Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．even if引导让步状语从句
Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It's great！”， even__if__we__think__it's__awful(即使我们觉得糟糕)．
2．so that 引导目的状语从句
Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so__that__they__can__improve(这样他们才能改进)．
3．every time＋时间状语从句
Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every__time__you__visit(你每次去拜访的时候)．
4．the＋比较级，the＋比较级
The__more__independent(越独立) you are, the__better(越好) your life will be.
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[词汇知识过关]
INCLUDEPICTURE"圈1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT protect...from/against... 保护……免受……
(教材P8)Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”： little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.
或许我们会这样安慰自己，我们说的大多数谎言都是善意的谎言：我们为了保护他人免受真相的伤害而说的小谎。
protection n． 保护，防卫
under the protection of... 在……的保护下
①Physical exercise can protect you against heart disease.
体育锻炼可以预防心脏病。
②Players must wear kneecap to protect them from injury.
运动员们必须戴上护膝以保护自己不受伤。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)We will spare no expense to protect our surroundings from being__polluted(pollute)．
(2)The witness was delivered to court under the protection of the police.
[写美]——完成句子
(3)对我们大家来说，环境保护是最重要的事。
Environmental__protection is the most important thing for all of us.
INCLUDEPICTURE"圈2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT to...extent 到……程度，在……程度上
(教材P9)But to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these？ 但是，我们能在多大程度上证明善意的谎言都像这些一样有道理呢？
to what extent 在多大程度上
to some/a certain extent 在某种程度上
to a large/great extent 在很大程度上
①We all to some extent remember the good time and forget the bad.
我们在某种程度上都会记住美好的时光，而忘掉不愉快的时光。
②He had changed to such a large extent that I no longer recognized him.
他变化很大，我都认不出他来了。
[写美]——完成句子
(1)To__what__extent(在多大程度上) does this task I'm doing help me achieve my goals
(2)Forest fires can affect climate and weather to__a__large/great__extent(在很大程度上), besides causing severe damage to valuable trees.
(3)Although pressure, to__some/a__certain__extent(在某种程度上), can provide motivation, too much pressure has a serious negative effect.
INCLUDEPICTURE"圈3.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT tear n．眼泪，泪水 v．(tore；torn)撕破；撕掉
(教材P9)If you've had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”？
如果你经历了糟糕的一天，你会告诉你的父母，或者你会隐藏你的眼泪，谎称你的这一天很好吗？
(1)burst into tears(＝burst out crying)
突然大哭起来
hold back the tears 忍住眼泪
move sb. to tears 令人感动得流泪
in tears 哭着，流泪
(2)tear down 拆除，拆掉
tear up(＝tear...into pieces) 撕毁，撕碎
tear...in two＝tear...into halves
把……撕成两半
①Her eyes were filled with tears when she heard the moving story.
当她听到这个感人的故事时，她双眼噙满泪水。
②You have to be very careful with this old book because the paper tears easily.
你对这本旧书要格外小心，因为它的纸张很容易撕破。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)She tore(tear) the letter in to pieces and threw it in the bin.
(2)He burst into tears(tear) when he knew that his company suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
(3)a.He tore up the letter as soon as he had read it.
b．The government has released an announcement that old buildings should be torn down．
c．Why did you tear the clothes into halves when I had advised you to cut it with scissors
[写美]——完成句子
(4)He couldn't hold__back__his__tears(忍住他的眼泪) when seeing the terrifying scene.
(5)It was such a sad film that we were__moved__to__tears(被感动得流泪)．
(6)During the time when he told the story, we were all listening in__tears(流着泪)．
INCLUDEPICTURE"圈4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT hide v．(hid；hidden)隐藏
(教材P9)Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you
此外，如果你发现你最亲近的人一直都对你隐瞒真相，你会怎么想？
(1)hide sth. from sb. 对某人隐瞒某事
hide sth.in/under/behind... 把某物隐藏在……
里面/下面/后面
(2)hiding adj. 躲藏的
hidden adj. 秘密的；隐秘的
①Sunglasses make someone appear mysterious，because they hide the eyes.
墨镜让人看上去很神秘，因为它们遮住了眼睛。
②(湖北卷)He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.
他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来隐藏身份。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)You'd better hide your private matters from strangers.
(2)(浙江卷)My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding(hide) place I couldn't find.
[写美]——完成句子/句式升级
(3)(普通表达)Because everyone's face was__hidden__behind__the__mask(藏在面具的后面), it's hard to tell who they really are.
(4)(高级表达)With__everyone's__face__hidden__behind__the__mask,__it's hard to tell who they really are.(with复合结构)
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hiding和hidden作定语时意思不同：a hiding place意为“藏身处”；a hidden place意为“一个秘密的地方/隐秘的地方”。
[经典句式过关]
every time＋时间状语从句
(教材P9)Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit.
可能你称之为美味的那顿饭会在你每次去拜访的时候被端上来。
句中every time引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。
名词词组用作连词而且能引导时间状语从句的还有：
(1)each time 每次……时候
(2)(the) last time/(the) next time
上次/下次……时
(3)the＋序数词(first/second/...)＋time
第……次
(4)the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)
一……就……
(5)the day/the week/the year 那一天/那一周/那一年
①Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.
每次我有麻烦的时候，他都会来帮我。
②I think of the happy hours we spent together every time I see these photos.
每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。
[写美]——词汇升级/完成句子/句型转换
(1)(普通表达)I was so familiar with him that I recognised his voice as soon as I picked up the phone.
(高级表达)I was so familiar with him that I recognised his voice the__moment/the__instant/the__minute I picked up the phone.
(2)你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。
You are welcome to come back any__time__you__want__to．
(3)下次来的时候，一定记着把你的儿子带这来。
Next__time__you__come,__do remember to bring your son here.
(4)When I saw him for the first time, he was playing basketball.
→He was playing basketball the__first__time I saw him.
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(1)every time、each time、any time前不用冠词，(the) next time、(the) last time中的冠词可以省略。
(2)the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Would you like to help me take apart(拆开) the machine
2．When they heard the bad news that their only son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears(眼泪)．
3．Bicycling is a good exercise; moreover(而且), it is easy to learn.
4．The number of independent(独立的) firms in this country has decreased from 198 to 96 since last year.
5．To be frank(坦率的), I don't like hiking; it is not my cup of tea.
6．She was unable to justify(为……辩护) her action of leaving the important document in her car.
Ⅱ.选词填空
tell a lie, protect...from..., to some extent, tell the truth, in advance, hide...from...
1．The body has natural defence mechanisms (机制) to protect it from disease.
2．To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in__advance and got up very early.
3．Being addicted to the Internet, as many adolescents do, will to__some__extent have a negative effect on their mental and physical health.
4．What surprised me was that she tried to hide the truth from me.
5．You should not tell__a__lie and say you have five years of experience when you really have two.
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21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com/" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Period 4 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
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1.Govern your thoughts when alone, and your tongue when in company.
一人独处慎于思，与人相处慎于言。
2.Depend on your parents at home, and rely on your friends outside.
在家靠父母，出门靠朋友。
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①line n．[C][熟词生义]
诗行；歌词
②remain link. v.仍然是
③excerpt [ek's pt] n．[C]
摘录，节选
④tangled ['t ɡ( )ld]
adj.纠结的；复杂的
⑤web [web] n．[C]蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物
⑥weave [wi v] v．编，织
⑦deceive [dI'si v] v．欺骗
⑧value n．[C]价值观
⑨majority n．大部分，大多数
“a/the majority＋of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。
⑩to...extent到……程度，
在……程度上
justify ['d stIfaI] v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护
say for example that
比如，举例
despite [dI'spaIt] prep.
即使，尽管
frank [fr k] adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的
latter ['l t ] n．后者
the former前者
ask for sb.'s advice
征求某人的建议
go back to回到(原来的话题)
in advance提前，事先
in advance of...(时间上)在……之前
serve [s v] vt.& vi.
(给某人)提供；端上
moreover [m r' v ] adv.
此外，而且
【人物小传】
沃尔特·司各特(Walter Scott)是英国著名的历史小说家和诗人。他生于苏格兰的爱丁堡市，自幼患有小儿麻痹症。他的以苏格兰为背景的诗歌十分有名，而后逐渐转行开始写历史小说，最终成为英国历史文学的一代鼻祖，在他去世后，浪漫主义时代也随之走向结束。
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Little White Lies
[1]Written more than two hundred years ago, these lines① by Walter Scott remain② one of the most well known excerpts③ of Scottish poetry：
Oh, what a tangled④ web⑤ we weave⑥，
When first we practise to deceive⑦！
[1]此处为过去分词短语作让步状语。
We all know that honesty is an important value⑧ and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they've never told a lie Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge [2]that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”： little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth．
[2]此处为that引导的同位语从句，对knowledge进行解释说明。第一个“we tell”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词most of the lies。冒号后的部分是对white lies的解释说明，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词little lies。不定式“to protect others from the truth”在从句中作目的状语。
We've all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don't like. The majority⑨ of us of course don't tell the truth—we lie and say that the food is “delicious”．
[3]Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It's great！”， even if we think it's awful. But to what extent⑩ can we justify telling white lies like these
[3]本句为一个主从复合句。主句为“we say ‘It's great！’”；if 引导条件状语从句，其中包含一个what引导的宾语从句；even if引导让步状语从句。
One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is [4]to try to make others feel better. However, when we lie and say that someone's haircut looks good, or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate, are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others.
[4]此处为不定式短语作表语，make others feel better为 “make＋宾语＋宾补” 结构。
Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement. Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing. You of course say that it's wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you [5]so that they can improve. Or perhaps, they need to know that they should look for a different hobby.
[5]此处为so that引导的目的状语从句。Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news. If you've had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”？ If the latter ， don't you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings Wouldn't it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice ？
[6]Going back to Walter Scott's lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance . Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served [7]every time you visit. Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his “wonderful” singing How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad Moreover ， how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you
[6]此处为现在分词短语作时间状语。
[7]此处为名词短语every time引导的时间状语从句。
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小小的善意谎言
沃尔特·司各特在两百多年前写下的这些诗句(至今)仍是苏格兰诗歌中最为著名的节选之一：
哦，我们一旦开始进行欺骗，就编织了一张多么错综复杂的网啊！
我们都知道诚实是一种重要的价值观，说谎是错误的，但谁能诚实地说他们从来没有说过谎呢？或许我们会这样安慰自己，我们说的大多数谎言都是善意的谎言：我们为了保护他人免受真相的伤害而说的小谎。
我们肯定都有过这样的经历，有人为我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭菜。大部分人当然不会讲实话，而是谎称食物很美味。
或者，要是朋友问我们觉得他们的新发型怎么样，即使我们觉得糟糕，我们(还是)会说“真好看！”。但是，我们能在多大程度上证明善意的谎言都像这些一样有道理呢？
(人们)说善意的谎言的主要原因之一就是尽量让他人感觉好一些。可是，当我们撒谎说某人的发型好看，或对心底讨厌的饭菜表示喜欢时，我们真的是想改善他人的处境吗？或许实际上我们撒谎是为了让我们自己避免承受别人的失望和愤怒。
(人们)说善意的谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励。比如，你的朋友问你他的歌唱得如何，你当然会说很棒，尽管你心里暗自认为你的猫能唱得更好。停下来思考一下，或许你的朋友想要从你身上得到一些诚恳的意见，这样他们才能改进。或者，也许他们需要知道他们应该寻找不同的爱好。
最后，当我们想保护别人不受坏消息影响时，我们也可能会说善意的谎言。如果你经历了糟糕的一天，你会告诉你的父母，或者你会隐藏你的眼泪，谎称你的这一天很好吗？如果是后者，难道你不认为你的父母想听你倾诉，并理解你的感受吗？尊重他们对你的关心，向他们寻求建议不是更好吗？
回到沃尔特·司各特的诗句，我们或许会发现哪怕是善意的谎言也会造成我们无法预料的结果。可能你称之为美味的那顿饭会在你每次去拜访的时候被端上来。朋友若发现你说他歌唱得不错是撒谎之后，还会再相信你的意见吗？如果你只分享好消息，对坏消息闭口不提，你怎么能期待别人能够真正理解你的情绪呢？此外，如果你发现你最亲近的人一直都对你隐瞒真相，你会怎么想？
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Ⅰ.Read the text and fill in the blanks.
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答案：1.honesty 2.lying 3.awful 4.to try to make others feel better 5.to give encouragement 6.protect others from bad news 7.results 8.emotions
Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answer to each question.
1．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic of the whole passage.
B．To deepen the understanding of white lies.
C．To remind the readers of the damage of white lies.
D．To analyze why people like telling white lies.
2．Why do we say the food is “delicious” although we don't like it
A．To show respect for the host.
B．To give encouragement.
C．To try to make others feel better.
D．To protect others from bad news.
3．In which example is a white lie used to give encouragement
A．Your haircut looks good.
B．The meal you cooked is delicious.
C．You sing a wonderful song.
D．My day is fine. Don't worry.
4．What does the passage mainly discuss
A．The functions of white lies.
B．The reasons and results of white lies.
C．What white lies are about.
D．What white lies may bring us.
答案：1－4.ACCB
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Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her. 她的成功证明了老师对她的信任是正确的。
2．burst into tears 突然大哭起来
3．I don't like skating; moreover,__the ice is too thin.
我不喜欢滑冰；而且，这冰也太薄了。
4．I can't tell the twins apart．
我分不出这一对双胞胎中谁是谁。
5．jump over the fence 跳过篱笆
Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地；直率地
2．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立；自主
Ⅲ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they've never told__a__lie(说谎)
2．You do not need to take too many clothes, but do bring sunglasses to protect your eyes from(保护……免受) direct sunlight.
3．To__what__extent(在多大程度上) does the learners' first language influence their English writing
4．You will be at an advantage if you have thought about the interview questions in__advance(提前)．
5．How would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from(向……隐瞒……) you
Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．even if引导让步状语从句
Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It's great！”， even__if__we__think__it's__awful(即使我们觉得糟糕)．
2．so that 引导目的状语从句
Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so__that__they__can__improve(这样他们才能改进)．
3．every time＋时间状语从句
Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every__time__you__visit(你每次去拜访的时候)．
4．the＋比较级，the＋比较级
The__more__independent(越独立) you are, the__better(越好) your life will be.
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[词汇知识过关]
INCLUDEPICTURE"圈1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT protect...from/against... 保护……免受……
(教材P8)Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”： little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.
或许我们会这样安慰自己，我们说的大多数谎言都是善意的谎言：我们为了保护他人免受真相的伤害而说的小谎。
protection n． 保护，防卫
under the protection of... 在……的保护下
①Physical exercise can protect you against heart disease.
体育锻炼可以预防心脏病。
②Players must wear kneecap to protect them from injury.
运动员们必须戴上护膝以保护自己不受伤。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)We will spare no expense to protect our surroundings from being__polluted(pollute)．
(2)The witness was delivered to court under the protection of the police.
[写美]——完成句子
(3)对我们大家来说，环境保护是最重要的事。
Environmental__protection is the most important thing for all of us.
INCLUDEPICTURE"圈2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT to...extent 到……程度，在……程度上
(教材P9)But to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these？ 但是，我们能在多大程度上证明善意的谎言都像这些一样有道理呢？
to what extent 在多大程度上
to some/a certain extent 在某种程度上
to a large/great extent 在很大程度上
①We all to some extent remember the good time and forget the bad.
我们在某种程度上都会记住美好的时光，而忘掉不愉快的时光。
②He had changed to such a large extent that I no longer recognized him.
他变化很大，我都认不出他来了。
[写美]——完成句子
(1)To__what__extent(在多大程度上) does this task I'm doing help me achieve my goals
(2)Forest fires can affect climate and weather to__a__large/great__extent(在很大程度上), besides causing severe damage to valuable trees.
(3)Although pressure, to__some/a__certain__extent(在某种程度上), can provide motivation, too much pressure has a serious negative effect.
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(教材P9)If you've had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”？
如果你经历了糟糕的一天，你会告诉你的父母，或者你会隐藏你的眼泪，谎称你的这一天很好吗？
(1)burst into tears(＝burst out crying)
突然大哭起来
hold back the tears 忍住眼泪
move sb. to tears 令人感动得流泪
in tears 哭着，流泪
(2)tear down 拆除，拆掉
tear up(＝tear...into pieces) 撕毁，撕碎
tear...in two＝tear...into halves
把……撕成两半
①Her eyes were filled with tears when she heard the moving story.
当她听到这个感人的故事时，她双眼噙满泪水。
②You have to be very careful with this old book because the paper tears easily.
你对这本旧书要格外小心，因为它的纸张很容易撕破。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)She tore(tear) the letter in to pieces and threw it in the bin.
(2)He burst into tears(tear) when he knew that his company suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
(3)a.He tore up the letter as soon as he had read it.
b．The government has released an announcement that old buildings should be torn down．
c．Why did you tear the clothes into halves when I had advised you to cut it with scissors
[写美]——完成句子
(4)He couldn't hold__back__his__tears(忍住他的眼泪) when seeing the terrifying scene.
(5)It was such a sad film that we were__moved__to__tears(被感动得流泪)．
(6)During the time when he told the story, we were all listening in__tears(流着泪)．
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(教材P9)Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you
此外，如果你发现你最亲近的人一直都对你隐瞒真相，你会怎么想？
(1)hide sth. from sb. 对某人隐瞒某事
hide sth.in/under/behind... 把某物隐藏在……
里面/下面/后面
(2)hiding adj. 躲藏的
hidden adj. 秘密的；隐秘的
①Sunglasses make someone appear mysterious，because they hide the eyes.
墨镜让人看上去很神秘，因为它们遮住了眼睛。
②(湖北卷)He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.
他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来隐藏身份。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)You'd better hide your private matters from strangers.
(2)(浙江卷)My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding(hide) place I couldn't find.
[写美]——完成句子/句式升级
(3)(普通表达)Because everyone's face was__hidden__behind__the__mask(藏在面具的后面), it's hard to tell who they really are.
(4)(高级表达)With__everyone's__face__hidden__behind__the__mask,__it's hard to tell who they really are.(with复合结构)
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hiding和hidden作定语时意思不同：a hiding place意为“藏身处”；a hidden place意为“一个秘密的地方/隐秘的地方”。
[经典句式过关]
every time＋时间状语从句
(教材P9)Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit.
可能你称之为美味的那顿饭会在你每次去拜访的时候被端上来。
句中every time引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。
名词词组用作连词而且能引导时间状语从句的还有：
(1)each time 每次……时候
(2)(the) last time/(the) next time
上次/下次……时
(3)the＋序数词(first/second/...)＋time
第……次
(4)the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)
一……就……
(5)the day/the week/the year 那一天/那一周/那一年
①Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.
每次我有麻烦的时候，他都会来帮我。
②I think of the happy hours we spent together every time I see these photos.
每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。
[写美]——词汇升级/完成句子/句型转换
(1)(普通表达)I was so familiar with him that I recognised his voice as soon as I picked up the phone.
(高级表达)I was so familiar with him that I recognised his voice the__moment/the__instant/the__minute I picked up the phone.
(2)你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。
You are welcome to come back any__time__you__want__to．
(3)下次来的时候，一定记着把你的儿子带这来。
Next__time__you__come,__do remember to bring your son here.
(4)When I saw him for the first time, he was playing basketball.
→He was playing basketball the__first__time I saw him.
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(1)every time、each time、any time前不用冠词，(the) next time、(the) last time中的冠词可以省略。
(2)the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Would you like to help me take apart(拆开) the machine
2．When they heard the bad news that their only son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears(眼泪)．
3．Bicycling is a good exercise; moreover(而且), it is easy to learn.
4．The number of independent(独立的) firms in this country has decreased from 198 to 96 since last year.
5．To be frank(坦率的), I don't like hiking; it is not my cup of tea.
6．She was unable to justify(为……辩护) her action of leaving the important document in her car.
Ⅱ.选词填空
tell a lie, protect...from..., to some extent, tell the truth, in advance, hide...from...
1．The body has natural defence mechanisms (机制) to protect it from disease.
2．To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in__advance and got up very early.
3．Being addicted to the Internet, as many adolescents do, will to__some__extent have a negative effect on their mental and physical health.
4．What surprised me was that she tried to hide the truth from me.
5．You should not tell__a__lie and say you have five years of experience when you really have two.
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