高中英语外研版（2019）必修三 Unit 1 Period 1 学案

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Knowing Me Knowing You
【话题导入】
Childhood Friends
The first time I lost my best friend， I thought it was the end of the world. I don't mean that he died， he just went away， but I still measure all pain by how hurt① I was when Danny left.
I was blessed with② a happy childhood， one that most people would want to have. We lived in a small bungalow (平房) in a tiny village in Scotland and we were a very close family.Our neighbours next door had a son named Danny， and we grew up together.
We spent long summer evenings in the pine forests， digging up③ worms for fishing， and collecting feathers left by the birds in the cages where they had been kept for the hunters. It was here that I discovered that I was allergic④ to the tiny flies which bit me and made my face swell⑤.There were a few walnut trees above the village and we would chase away⑥ the squirrels and wait for them to ripen⑦.Of course， it was too far north for a proper harvest.On windy days we'd slide⑧ down the stony slopes to the loch (海湾) and feel the spray (浪花) of the sea in our faces.
Danny was a good carpenter (木匠)， too， and we made brooms out of branches， which we tried to sell in the village shop. We built a tree house！Once I slipped⑨ on some damp⑩ leaves， fell out， scratched (擦伤) my arms and cut the heel of my foot， he washed my wounds in the stream.He was a very considerate boy for someone so young.My mother simply scolded me for tearing my underwear.
We were on good terms with everyone in the village, and we even gave a salute (敬礼) to the local policeman as he passed on his bicycle.But in our imagination, he was an enemy soldier, and we were two spies looking for secrets.
It was the finest friendship anyone could have, and life seemed perfect.
And then at the age of 14, his parents moved to London，over 400 kilometres away.The pain was acute (剧烈的), and I couldn't forgive Danny for leaving me.I felt he had betrayed me.It was the worst loss I have ever experienced.
I'm now back in touch with Danny, and it's a privilege to call him my friend.We're both much more mature now, and we're still very alike.
But while I'm nostalgic (怀旧的) for the happy time we spent together many years ago, I'm ashamed of my feelings, and I don't want to rewind (倒带) the recording of my life and remember my loss and my pain.
Ⅰ.词海拾贝
①hurt [熟词生义] adj.　　 (感情上)受伤的
②be blessed with sth. 有幸拥有某物
③dig up 挖掘出
④allergic adj. 过敏的
be allergic to... 对……过敏
⑤swell vi. 肿；肿胀
⑥chase away sth. 驱逐某物；把某物赶走
⑦ripen vt. & vi. (使)成熟
⑧slide vt. & vi. (使)滑行；滑动
slide down... 沿着……滑行
⑨slip vi. 滑倒
⑩damp adj. 潮湿的
heel n. [C]脚后跟
scold vt. 责骂；排斥
scold sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事责备某人
spy n. [C]间谍；密探
betray vt. 背叛
be back in touch with... 与……恢复联系
privilege n. 荣幸
mature adj. 成熟的
be ashamed of... 对……感到惭愧/羞愧
Ⅱ.句式分析
We spent long summer evenings in the pine forests，digging up worms for fishing, and collecting feathers left by the birds in the cages where they had been kept for the hunters.
分析：句中的“digging up worms for fishing”及“collecting feathers...hunters”是现在分词短语作伴随状语；“left by the birds in the cages”是过去分词短语作后置定语；where引导定语从句，修饰cages。
翻译：我们在松树林中度过漫长的夏日夜晚，要么是挖钓鱼用的虫子，要么是收集鸟儿掉的羽毛，那些鸟儿曾被关养在笼中，以供打猎之用。
Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Comprehending
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1.A good neighbour is better than a brother far off.　远亲不如近邻。
2.As you salute, you will be saluted.　敬人者，人敬之。
①agony [' ɡ ni] n．[U，C]
痛楚，苦难
agony aunt知心阿姨
②in a mess乱七八糟；陷入困境；混乱，杂乱
③help out帮一把
④be crazy about...对……着迷；热衷于……
⑤let down使失望，辜负
⑥point guard控球后卫
[拓展]power forward大前锋
small forward小前锋
shooting guard得分后卫
center forward中锋
⑦even adv.[熟词生义](引出更精确的说法)甚至可以说；实际上；其实
⑧steam [sti m] n．[U]蒸汽，水蒸气
let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情绪
a steam engine/train蒸汽机/蒸汽火车
the age of steam蒸汽时代
⑨go and do sth.(对某人做了蠢事感到愤怒或烦恼)竟然干出某事；居然干出某事
⑩awkward [' kw d] adj.
令人尴尬的；使人难堪的
be angry with/at sb.(about/for sth.)(因某事)生某人的气
concentrate vt.& vi.集中(注意力)，聚精会神；专心于
concentrate on...集中注意力于……　
I have to say我不得不说
fault [f lt] n．[U]责任，过错；[C]弱点；故障
understandable adj.合情理的；可以理解的
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
[比较]mean to do sth.打算做某事
resolve [rI'z lv] vt.解决(问题、困难)
resolution n．[U](问题、分歧等的)解决
have a chat with...与……聊天
strategy ['str t d i] n. 计谋，策略；行动计划
move on继续前进
approach vt. [熟词生义]
着手处理
most importantly最为重要的是
more importantly更重要的是
tend to do sth.倾向于做某事
signal ['sIɡn( )l] n. [C]
信号；暗号
take a deep breath深呼吸
calm down镇静下来；平静下来
pull one's weight做好分内事，尽责
raise one's concerns with sb.向某人提出某人的担忧
work out (问题)解决
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Absolute agony①！
Our Agony Aunt answers your questions.
Dear Agony Aunt，
I'm in a total mess② here—hope you can help me out③！
I'm 17, and a member of our school basketball team. I'm crazy about④ basketball, and pretty good at it too, [1]which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. We played well, but I felt [2]the team were let down⑤ by one member, our point guard⑥. The point guard is a key player, but it was [3]like he wasn't even⑦ on the court! [4]Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. I was just letting off steam⑧ really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told⑨ everyone else what I'd said.
[1]此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个主句；该定语从句中含有一个why引导的表语从句，该表语从句又包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。
[2]此处为省略了that的宾语从句，其中our point guard作one member的同位语。team为集合名词，此处强调队伍的成员，故从句谓语用复数形式。
[3]此处like作连词，意为“好像，仿佛”，在此引导表语从句，相当于as if。
[4]此处为过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于“Because I was disappointed by his behaviour”。
This is so totally awkward⑩. I'm really angry with my friend—what should I say to him And should I say anything at all to my teammate
[5]Embarrassed and ashamed, I can't concentrate on anything. Please help!
Ben
[5]此处为形容词短语作原因状语，相当于“Because I am embarrassed and ashamed”。
Dear Ben，
There is an old American saying, “Loose lips sink ships.” This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of trouble.
The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend's. [6]Treated this way, you're sure to feel hurt—we should always be able to trust those closest to us, and it hurts even more when we find we can't.
But I have to say that it's partly your fault ， isn't it You admit that you were “letting off steam”. It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think before we speak.
[7]Here's what you need to do. First, apologise to your teammate. If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I'm sure you do！), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts. So have a chat with your teammate. Tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking.
[7]此处是倒装结构，副词here提前，主语是what引导的主语从句“what you need to do”。　　Then, talk to your friend. Friendship should be one of the greatest things in the world, but sometimes it can be difficult. Again, your strategy is clear communication. Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on . [8]Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
[8]此处为过去分词短语作条件状语，相当于“If your friendship is approached in this way”。
Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly , think about your own behaviour. Don't say too much when you're angry! [9]Filled with anger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. This gives people the wrong signal . Take a deep breath , calm down , and always remember: think first, speak later. If you feel one of your teammates isn't pulling their weight , then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach.
[9]本句中过去分词短语“Filled with anger”作时间状语，相当于“When you are filled with anger”。 whatever引导宾语从句 ，在从句中作主语。
If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything works out .
Good luck!
Agony Aunt
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绝对知心！
我们的知心阿姨解答
你的困惑。
亲爱的知心阿姨：
我现在完全是一团糟，希望您能帮帮我！
我17岁，是我们学校篮球队的一员。我非常热爱篮球，也非常擅长打篮球，这或许就是我们输了上场比赛之后我很生气的原因。我们打得很好，但我认为有一个队员——我们的控球后卫让队员们很失望。控球后卫是关键球员，但甚至可以说他好像不在场上！我对他的行为感到失望，就把这些都告诉了我最好的朋友。我真的只是发泄一下情绪，因为我太生气了，但是之后我的朋友居然把我说的话告诉了其他所有人。
这太令人尴尬了。我很生我朋友的气，我该跟他说什么呢？我该不该跟我的队友说点儿什么呢？
我感到既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。请帮帮我！
本
亲爱的本：
美国有句老话：“祸从口出。”意思是说，如果你就某事说得太多，尤其是向自己不太了解的人说，就会造成各种麻烦。
现在的情况要糟糕得多，因为这些话是你最好的朋友说的。(当)被这样对待时，你肯定会感到伤心。我们应该总是能够信任那些与我们最亲近的人；当我们发现我们不能信任他们的时候，会更加伤心。
但我不得不说，这其中有一部分是你的错，不是吗？你承认你是在发泄情绪。在那种情况下这是可以理解的，但我们应该总是先思而后言。
现在你需要做的是：首先，向你的队友道歉。如果你想赢得更多的篮球比赛(我确定你想！)，你们需要一起努力，那意味着(要)清晰地沟通交流和化解冲突。所以跟你的队友(好好)聊聊。直接而坦诚地告诉他，你是未经思考说了那些话。
然后，跟你的朋友谈谈。友谊应该是世界上最伟大的事物之一，但有时(维持)它是很困难的。再一次(强调)，你的策略是清楚的沟通。告诉你的朋友，你对他转述你的话让情况变得更糟糕很生气，但是你想(放下此事)继续向前。以这种方式处理的话，你们的友谊很快就能修复。
第三点，或许也是最重要的一点，想想你自己的行为。生气的时候不要说太多的话！怒气冲冲的时候，你往往会想到什么就说什么。这会给人们(传递)错误的信号。深呼吸，冷静下来，永远记住：先思而后言。如果你觉得哪名队友没有尽职尽责，那就以专业的方式向你的球队教练提出你的担忧。
如果你像考虑你自己的感受一样考虑别人的感受，你很快就会发现所有问题都能解决。
祝你好运！
知心阿姨
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Ⅰ.明主旨大意
What's the best summary of the letters
A．Ben said something bad about his best friend, and Agony Aunt told him to apologise to his friend.
B．Ben was angry that his team was let down by some members, and Agony Aunt told him to take it easy.
C．Ben didn't play well in the match, and Agony Aunt advised him to apologise to his teammates.
D．Ben was in an awkward situation, and Agony Aunt gave him suggestions as to how to deal with his problem.
答案：D
Ⅱ.知层次结构
Passage 1(Ben's problems)
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Passage 2(Agony Aunt's suggestions)
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答案：1.help　2.lost　3.let us down　4.awkward
5．concentrate on　6.Loose　7.Treated　8.fault
9．Apologise　10.behaviour
Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．Why did Ben's team lose the match
A．The members played badly.
B．Ben didn't play well in the match.
C．The point guard was hurt in the match.
D．The point guard performed badly.
2．What put Ben in an awkward situation
A．His team's losing the match.
B．His best friend's telling what he said to others.
C．His not concentrating on studying.
D．His letting off steam.
3．What does Agony Aunt think of Ben's behaviour
A．Favorable.　　　　　　 B．Opposed.
C．Understandable. D．Admirable.
4．What does Agony Aunt advise Ben to do first
A．To apologise to the point guard.
B．To communicate with his best friend.
C．To think about his own behaviour.
D．To ask other teammates to resolve the conflict.
答案：1－4.DBCA
Ⅱ.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else what I'd said.
本句中but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中的because引导原因状语从句；第二个分句中的what引导宾语从句。　
[翻译]　我真的只是发泄一下情绪，因为我太生气了，但是之后我的朋友居然把我说的话告诉了其他所有人。
2．This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of trouble.
本句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句；who引导定语从句。　
[翻译]　意思是说，如果你就某事说得太多，尤其是向自己不太了解的人说，就会造成各种麻烦。
3．Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on.
本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句；making the situation worse为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构；that引导宾语从句。　
[翻译]　告诉你的朋友，你对他转述你的话让情况变得更糟糕很生气，但是你想(放下此事)继续向前。
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