北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature Lesson 3 Race to the pole 课件（22张PPT）

(共22张PPT)
UNIT 5 Humans And Nature
Lesson 3 Race to The Pole
UNIT 5 Humans And Nature
Lesson 3 Race to The Pole
语法
常见后缀
在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀，使之变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫作派生法。词缀有前缀和后缀两种。一般情况下，加前缀改变词义，加后缀改变词性。我们通常可以根据后缀判断出一个词的词性。
1.-(t)ion,-ation -(t)ion和-ation表示”状态，动作过程，行为"，常与动词结合构成名词。
例词：action, expression, graduation, education, starvation, introduction等。
【典例1】(2O20·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空节选)Chinese New Year is a_________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案解析】celebration。不定冠词a后面应接可数名词单数，所以填celebration。
【典例2】(2019·浙江语法填空节选)Other American studies showed no_________ (connect ) between uniforms and school performance.
【答案解析】connection/connections。根据no可知，空处要用connect的名词形式。connection表示"联系，关联"，为可数名词，故 填connection/connections.。
2.-ness
-ness表示"性质，状态"，常与形容词结合构成名词。例词：happiness, sadness, fitness, illness, kindness等。
【典例】(2019·北京语法填空改编)Earth Day,marked on22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public______________ (aware) about environmental protection.
【答案解析】awareness。由空前的public可知，此处应填名词。awareness表示"意识"，为不可数名词。
3.-ful和-less -ful和-less表示相反的意义。
-ful表示"充满……的，有…性质的"，
-less表示"无…的，不…的"。
-ful和-less常与 名词或动词结合构成形容词。
例词：
-ful构成的形容词：useful, harmful, hopeful, careful, helpful, meaningful, forgetful, thankful, fearful, beautiful等。
-less构成的形容词：useless, harmless, hopeless, careless, helpless, meaningless, homeless等。
【典例1】(2020·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空节选)Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花)：The(beauty)long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾)make fantastic decorations. 【答案解析】beautiful。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches,所以填形容词beautiful。
【典例2】(2018·江苏完形填空改编)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became_________(home) due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been used up to pay lawyers'fees.
【答案解析】homelesse。根据第二句话可知，Winn夫妇花光了积蓄来支付律师费用，可推出空处应用形容词homeless,表示"无家 可归的”。
4. -ly既可与名词结合构成形容词，表示……品质的；每……。"；又可与形容词结合构成副词，表示……地状态，程度，方 式"。
例词： -ly构成的形容词：friendly,lovely,lively,daily,weekly等。
-y构成的副词：extremely,slowly,happily,carefully等。 注意：daily,weekly等也可作副词。
【典例11(2020·全国Ⅲ卷语法填空节选)As the small boat moved____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案解析I gently。空处修饰谓语moved,故用副词gently。
【典例2】(2020·浙江1月读后续写改编))All that week,Poppy didn''t seem interested in her dinner,her favorite toy,or even in her ___________ (day)walk.
【答案解析】daily。此处应用形容词修饰空后的名词walk,故填daily,表示”每日的"。
课本39页 FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:SUFFIXES
7 Complete the Word Builder.Then use the correct form of the words in the Word Builder to complete the sentences below.
-tion
-tion
-less
-ful
-ness
-ly
preparation
situation
hopful / hopeless
cheerful
exploration
anxiousness
sadness
prepare
situate
hope
cheer
explore
anxious
sad
1 Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring during the Antarctic winter of 1911.
2 Amundsen got to the South Pole before Scott because he had done more__________________ before leaving for the Pole.
3 Scott and his team got into a difficult _________because their sledges broke down.
preparation
situation
4 Scott's team tried to stay ____________despite of all the difficulties they faced.
5 Scott experienced a great sense of ___________after realising that all of his efforts to reach the South Pole were for nothing.
cheerful
sadness
6. Scott wrote about their _______________situation in his diary.
7 The bad weather increases the danger of their ______________
hopeless
exploration