人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Vocabulary单词讲解(2)课件(47张ppt)
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(共47张PPT)
Book 4 unit1
SCIENCE FICTION
vocabulary (2)
suppose/supposing/assuming/
provided/providing + that句子…:
假如; 假定
【上结构that 前的词均是连词】
★1)Supposing that she doesn’t come,
we will still go.
★2)Supposing he is absent,
what shall we do
(pay/afford)bus/taxi/train(railway/rail)/
air fares (to...) :
公共汽车费/出租汽车费/火车票价/飞机票价fee: n. 服务费; 酬金; 咨询费;
报名费; 会费
22. fare [fe (r)]: n. 车费; 船费; 飞机/火车/公共汽车/出租车票价
常用搭配
同义词
monthly : adv. & adj.每月一次的;
每月=every month
n. 月刊
daily: adv. 每天; 天天 = every day
adj. 每天的; 每日的
n. 日报
23. weekly [ wi kli]: adj. 每周的adv. 每周= every week
n. 周刊
相关词
The truck is checked on a regular basis.
on a regular/permanent/part-time/
temporary basis:
以定期/永久/兼职/临时性方式
according (to) …: 根据; 按照
24. on a ... basis: 根据; 以…的方式(基准)
例句
常用搭配
同义词
25. calculate [ k lkjule t]: vt. 计算; 核算; 预测
calculation n.计算，估算，算计
calculator n.计算器
同源词
chairman:
n. 男主席; 男董事长; 男委员长
president [ prez d nt]: n. 国家主席;
总统; 校长; 院长; 董事长; 行长
26. chairwoman [ t e w m n]: n. 女主席; 女董事长; 女委员长
同义词
kilogram/kilo [ k l ɡr m]/[ ki: l ]
n. 千克; 公斤
ton [t n]: n. 吨
pound: n. 磅
(1 pound = 0.454 kilograms )
by the gram/kilogram/ton:
以克/千克/吨为单位
by weight: 以重量为单位
27. gramme/ɡram [ɡr m] : n. 克(重量单位)
相关词
常用搭配
flower [ fla (r)]: n. 花
28. flour [ fla (r)]: n. 面粉; (谷物磨成的)粉
形近词
stadium : n. 体育场; 运动场
sportsground : n. 操场; 运动场
playground: n. 游乐场; 操场
gym[d m]: n.健身房; 体育馆
29. venue [ venju ]: n. 活动场地(如音乐厅/会场等)
相关词
30. salesman [ se lzm n]:
n. 售货员; 推销员
saleswoman: n. 女售货员; 女推销员
相关词
foreign [ f r n]:
adj. 外国的; 外来的; 陌生的
foreigner [ f r n ]: n. 外国人
an alien environment: 陌生的环境
an alien culture: 异域文化
31. alien [ e li n]: n. 外星人(生物); 外国人
adj. 陌生的; 外星的; 外国的
常用搭配
同义词
You must weigh up the pros and cons
of city and country life.
32. (the) pros and cons: [pr z] [k nz] 事物的利与弊;
支持与反对
例句
a blurred image/picture(photo)/ memory:
模糊的形象/照片/记忆
33. blurred [bl d]: adj. 模糊不清的; 难以区分的
常用搭配
be senior/junior to sb:
比…年长/年幼; 比...级别高/低
34. (be) superior to...:比…更好; 更胜一筹
In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
课文
例句
常用搭配
In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
在科幻小说中，机器人经常(比人类)更胜一筹，(在各方面)占上风。
36. take over: 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
take over from ...: 占上风; 取而代之
take over... from ...: 接管; 接手
课文
例句
常用搭配
action [ k n]: n. 行动; 活动; 动作
take action(s) (to do…) : 采取行动做什么
37. inaction [ n k n]: n. 无行动; 不采取措施
常用搭配
同源词
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
机器人必须服从人类的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。
38. conflict with: 与…冲突或抵触
课文
例句
The farmers laboured /worked all day in the fields.
39. labour/labor [ le b (r)]: n. 劳动(者); 体力劳动 (U.)
vi. 奋斗; 努力工作
International Labour Day劳动节
例句
常用搭配
I gave it a last check, and sat myself in the leather seat.
In the 1990s many people liked to wear black leathers.
feather [ fe (r)]: n. 羽毛
40. leather [ le (r)]: n. 皮革; [pl.]皮衣; 皮外套
例句
形近词
Pull the lever towards you to adjust the speed.
41. lever [ li v (r)][ lev r ]: n. 操纵杆; 杠杆
level [ lev( )l]: n. 水平; 水准
liver [ l v (r)]: n.肝脏; 肝
课文
例句
形近词
I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
a control/display panel:
控制/显示面板
42. panel [ p nl]: n. 控制板; 仪表盘; 专家咨询组
课文
例句
常用搭配
foot (复数feet): n. 英尺
1 foot = 12 inches = 30.48 centimeters
millimeter -- centimeter -- meter -- kilometer
43. inch [ nt ]: n. 英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米)
相关词
forwards/forward: adv. 向前
upwards/upward: adv. 向上
downwards/downward: adv. 向下
eastwards/eastward: adv. 向东
backward(s) and forward(s): 来来回回
44. backwards [ b kw dz]( backward): adv. 向后; 倒着; 往回
形近词
grasp [ɡrɑ sp]: v.抓紧; 抓牢;
理解; 领会
catch: n. 接住; 抓住; 握住;
领会; 听清楚
hold/hang/grip on to…: 紧紧抓住...
catch/get/grab/take/seize hold of...:
抓住; 握住; 拿着
45. grip [ɡr p]: vt. & vi. 紧握; 抓紧
常用搭配
同义词
a hazy afternoon/sky :
雾蒙蒙的下午/天空
a hazy memory/idea :
模糊不清的记忆/概念
confused: adj.糊涂的; 迷惑的
puzzled : adj. 困惑的; 迷惑不解的
46. hazy [ he zi]: adj. 模糊的; 朦胧的; 困惑的
The laboratory went hazy around me.
课文
例句
常用搭配
同义词
nephew [ nefju ]: n. 侄子; 外甥
47. niece [ni s]: n. 侄女; 外甥女
相关词
fetch…from…: 去/从…拿回/拿来
bring: v. 拿来; 带来; 取来
take: v. 拿走; 带走; 取走
carry: v. 拿; 提; 搬; 扛; 背; 抱;
运送; 携带; 佩戴
48. fetch [fet ]: vt. (去)拿来; (去)请来
My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me.
课文
例句
常用搭配
同义词
chief [t i f]: n. 首领; 上司;领袖; 头目; 长官
(复数: chiefs)
49. handkerchief [ h k t f ]: n. 手帕; 纸巾
(复数: -chiefs/-chieves)
相关词
lamp: n. 灯(使用电/油/气)
light: n. 灯; 电灯
switch(turn) on/off a lamp(light) :开/关灯
turn out a lamp(light) : 关灯
50. lamp [l mp]: n. 灯; 台灯
常用搭配
同义词
It turns out that ...: 结果/原来/证明是...
51. turn out: 关掉; 熄灭; 在场;
使朝外; 结果是
Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
课文
例句
常用搭配
at a ... pace: 以...的速度
at a slow/fast pace: 慢速/快速
at a/the speed of…: 以..的速度
52. pace [ pe s]: n. 速度; 步伐; 节奏
vt. & vi. 确定速度; 调整节奏
As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.
课文
例句
常用搭配
reduce [r dju s]: v. 减少; 缩小; 降低
decrease [d kri s]: v. 减少; 降低
decline [d kla n]: v. 减少;下降; 衰落; 衰竭
disappear [ d s p (r)]:v. 消失; 失踪; 灭绝; 消亡
53. fall away: (逐渐)减少; 消失
同义词
divide [d va d]: v.分开; 分割; 除以
divide…into…: 把…分成...
separate …from…:把…和…分开
do division: 做除法
54. division [d v n]: n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)
The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day.
课文
例句
常用搭配
同源词
72 divided by 8 is 9 .
a puff of...: 一缕; 一股; 一阵
run out of puff: 气喘吁吁
55. puff [p f]: n. (烟、气等的)一缕; 少量; 喘息
Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments.
课文
例句
常用搭配
urge sb to do...:
敦促/催促/力劝某人做什么
urge that 句子: 强烈要求
56. urge [ d ]: n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动
vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！
课文
例句
常用搭配
desire, suggest, propose, recommend, order/instruct/command, demand, request, require, ask, urge(强烈要求), insist(坚决要求), advocate(主张)等接that宾语从句时, 从句用 should do/be 结构, should可省。
randomly: adv. 随机; 随意; 未加计划地
at random: 随意; 随机; 胡乱
常用搭配
同源词
58. random [ r nd m]: adj. 随机的; 不可思议的
minimum: adj. 最小的; 最低的; 最低限度的
n. 最低限度; 最小值; 最少量
相关词
59. maximum [ m ks m m]: adj. 最大极限的
n. 最大量; 最大限度
But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!
explosion n. 爆炸，爆破，爆裂声
explosive adj. 爆炸性的; 爆发性的 n.炸药; 爆炸物
go off: 爆炸;走火;离开
blow up: 爆炸; 炸毁
bomb [b m]: n. 炸弹
课文
例句
同义词
同源词
60. explode [ k spl d]:vi. & vt. 爆炸; 爆破
With a sudden jolt, the Time Machine was flipped on its
side, and I was thrown through the air.
shake (shook – shaken): v. 摇动; 抖动; (使)颤动; 摇头
tremble: v. 颤抖; 哆嗦; 抖动;
战栗; 颤动; 轻轻摇晃
同义词
61. jolt [d lt]: n . 震动; 摇晃; 颠簸
vt. & vi. (使)震动; 摇晃
课文
例句
The plane/truck/jeep flipped and crashed.
例句
62. flip [fl p]: vt. & vi. (使)快速翻转;
(用手指)轻抛
I was stunned for a moment, and then heard
the sound of thunder.
stunned: adj. 震惊的; 惊愕的
stunning: adj. 令人震惊的/惊愕的
faint [fe nt]: v./n. 昏厥
dizzy [ d zi]:adj.头晕目眩的; 眩晕的
v. 使头晕眼花; 使发昏
同义词
同源词
63. stun [st n]: vt. 使震惊; 使昏迷
课文
例句
I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine.
muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的
课文
例句
64. mud [m d]: n. 泥; 泥浆
同源词
statement: n.说法; 声明; 陈述
state: v. 陈述; 说明; 声明
同源词
65. overstatement [ v ste tm nt]: n. 夸大; 夸张
谢谢观看
Book 4 unit1
SCIENCE FICTION
vocabulary (2)
suppose/supposing/assuming/
provided/providing + that句子…:
假如; 假定
【上结构that 前的词均是连词】
★1)Supposing that she doesn’t come,
we will still go.
★2)Supposing he is absent,
what shall we do
(pay/afford)bus/taxi/train(railway/rail)/
air fares (to...) :
公共汽车费/出租汽车费/火车票价/飞机票价fee: n. 服务费; 酬金; 咨询费;
报名费; 会费
22. fare [fe (r)]: n. 车费; 船费; 飞机/火车/公共汽车/出租车票价
常用搭配
同义词
monthly : adv. & adj.每月一次的;
每月=every month
n. 月刊
daily: adv. 每天; 天天 = every day
adj. 每天的; 每日的
n. 日报
23. weekly [ wi kli]: adj. 每周的adv. 每周= every week
n. 周刊
相关词
The truck is checked on a regular basis.
on a regular/permanent/part-time/
temporary basis:
以定期/永久/兼职/临时性方式
according (to) …: 根据; 按照
24. on a ... basis: 根据; 以…的方式(基准)
例句
常用搭配
同义词
25. calculate [ k lkjule t]: vt. 计算; 核算; 预测
calculation n.计算，估算，算计
calculator n.计算器
同源词
chairman:
n. 男主席; 男董事长; 男委员长
president [ prez d nt]: n. 国家主席;
总统; 校长; 院长; 董事长; 行长
26. chairwoman [ t e w m n]: n. 女主席; 女董事长; 女委员长
同义词
kilogram/kilo [ k l ɡr m]/[ ki: l ]
n. 千克; 公斤
ton [t n]: n. 吨
pound: n. 磅
(1 pound = 0.454 kilograms )
by the gram/kilogram/ton:
以克/千克/吨为单位
by weight: 以重量为单位
27. gramme/ɡram [ɡr m] : n. 克(重量单位)
相关词
常用搭配
flower [ fla (r)]: n. 花
28. flour [ fla (r)]: n. 面粉; (谷物磨成的)粉
形近词
stadium : n. 体育场; 运动场
sportsground : n. 操场; 运动场
playground: n. 游乐场; 操场
gym[d m]: n.健身房; 体育馆
29. venue [ venju ]: n. 活动场地(如音乐厅/会场等)
相关词
30. salesman [ se lzm n]:
n. 售货员; 推销员
saleswoman: n. 女售货员; 女推销员
相关词
foreign [ f r n]:
adj. 外国的; 外来的; 陌生的
foreigner [ f r n ]: n. 外国人
an alien environment: 陌生的环境
an alien culture: 异域文化
31. alien [ e li n]: n. 外星人(生物); 外国人
adj. 陌生的; 外星的; 外国的
常用搭配
同义词
You must weigh up the pros and cons
of city and country life.
32. (the) pros and cons: [pr z] [k nz] 事物的利与弊;
支持与反对
例句
a blurred image/picture(photo)/ memory:
模糊的形象/照片/记忆
33. blurred [bl d]: adj. 模糊不清的; 难以区分的
常用搭配
be senior/junior to sb:
比…年长/年幼; 比...级别高/低
34. (be) superior to...:比…更好; 更胜一筹
In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
课文
例句
常用搭配
In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
在科幻小说中，机器人经常(比人类)更胜一筹，(在各方面)占上风。
36. take over: 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
take over from ...: 占上风; 取而代之
take over... from ...: 接管; 接手
课文
例句
常用搭配
action [ k n]: n. 行动; 活动; 动作
take action(s) (to do…) : 采取行动做什么
37. inaction [ n k n]: n. 无行动; 不采取措施
常用搭配
同源词
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
机器人必须服从人类的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。
38. conflict with: 与…冲突或抵触
课文
例句
The farmers laboured /worked all day in the fields.
39. labour/labor [ le b (r)]: n. 劳动(者); 体力劳动 (U.)
vi. 奋斗; 努力工作
International Labour Day劳动节
例句
常用搭配
I gave it a last check, and sat myself in the leather seat.
In the 1990s many people liked to wear black leathers.
feather [ fe (r)]: n. 羽毛
40. leather [ le (r)]: n. 皮革; [pl.]皮衣; 皮外套
例句
形近词
Pull the lever towards you to adjust the speed.
41. lever [ li v (r)][ lev r ]: n. 操纵杆; 杠杆
level [ lev( )l]: n. 水平; 水准
liver [ l v (r)]: n.肝脏; 肝
课文
例句
形近词
I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
a control/display panel:
控制/显示面板
42. panel [ p nl]: n. 控制板; 仪表盘; 专家咨询组
课文
例句
常用搭配
foot (复数feet): n. 英尺
1 foot = 12 inches = 30.48 centimeters
millimeter -- centimeter -- meter -- kilometer
43. inch [ nt ]: n. 英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米)
相关词
forwards/forward: adv. 向前
upwards/upward: adv. 向上
downwards/downward: adv. 向下
eastwards/eastward: adv. 向东
backward(s) and forward(s): 来来回回
44. backwards [ b kw dz]( backward): adv. 向后; 倒着; 往回
形近词
grasp [ɡrɑ sp]: v.抓紧; 抓牢;
理解; 领会
catch: n. 接住; 抓住; 握住;
领会; 听清楚
hold/hang/grip on to…: 紧紧抓住...
catch/get/grab/take/seize hold of...:
抓住; 握住; 拿着
45. grip [ɡr p]: vt. & vi. 紧握; 抓紧
常用搭配
同义词
a hazy afternoon/sky :
雾蒙蒙的下午/天空
a hazy memory/idea :
模糊不清的记忆/概念
confused: adj.糊涂的; 迷惑的
puzzled : adj. 困惑的; 迷惑不解的
46. hazy [ he zi]: adj. 模糊的; 朦胧的; 困惑的
The laboratory went hazy around me.
课文
例句
常用搭配
同义词
nephew [ nefju ]: n. 侄子; 外甥
47. niece [ni s]: n. 侄女; 外甥女
相关词
fetch…from…: 去/从…拿回/拿来
bring: v. 拿来; 带来; 取来
take: v. 拿走; 带走; 取走
carry: v. 拿; 提; 搬; 扛; 背; 抱;
运送; 携带; 佩戴
48. fetch [fet ]: vt. (去)拿来; (去)请来
My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me.
课文
例句
常用搭配
同义词
chief [t i f]: n. 首领; 上司;领袖; 头目; 长官
(复数: chiefs)
49. handkerchief [ h k t f ]: n. 手帕; 纸巾
(复数: -chiefs/-chieves)
相关词
lamp: n. 灯(使用电/油/气)
light: n. 灯; 电灯
switch(turn) on/off a lamp(light) :开/关灯
turn out a lamp(light) : 关灯
50. lamp [l mp]: n. 灯; 台灯
常用搭配
同义词
It turns out that ...: 结果/原来/证明是...
51. turn out: 关掉; 熄灭; 在场;
使朝外; 结果是
Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
课文
例句
常用搭配
at a ... pace: 以...的速度
at a slow/fast pace: 慢速/快速
at a/the speed of…: 以..的速度
52. pace [ pe s]: n. 速度; 步伐; 节奏
vt. & vi. 确定速度; 调整节奏
As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.
课文
例句
常用搭配
reduce [r dju s]: v. 减少; 缩小; 降低
decrease [d kri s]: v. 减少; 降低
decline [d kla n]: v. 减少;下降; 衰落; 衰竭
disappear [ d s p (r)]:v. 消失; 失踪; 灭绝; 消亡
53. fall away: (逐渐)减少; 消失
同义词
divide [d va d]: v.分开; 分割; 除以
divide…into…: 把…分成...
separate …from…:把…和…分开
do division: 做除法
54. division [d v n]: n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)
The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day.
课文
例句
常用搭配
同源词
72 divided by 8 is 9 .
a puff of...: 一缕; 一股; 一阵
run out of puff: 气喘吁吁
55. puff [p f]: n. (烟、气等的)一缕; 少量; 喘息
Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments.
课文
例句
常用搭配
urge sb to do...:
敦促/催促/力劝某人做什么
urge that 句子: 强烈要求
56. urge [ d ]: n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动
vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！
课文
例句
常用搭配
desire, suggest, propose, recommend, order/instruct/command, demand, request, require, ask, urge(强烈要求), insist(坚决要求), advocate(主张)等接that宾语从句时, 从句用 should do/be 结构, should可省。
randomly: adv. 随机; 随意; 未加计划地
at random: 随意; 随机; 胡乱
常用搭配
同源词
58. random [ r nd m]: adj. 随机的; 不可思议的
minimum: adj. 最小的; 最低的; 最低限度的
n. 最低限度; 最小值; 最少量
相关词
59. maximum [ m ks m m]: adj. 最大极限的
n. 最大量; 最大限度
But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!
explosion n. 爆炸，爆破，爆裂声
explosive adj. 爆炸性的; 爆发性的 n.炸药; 爆炸物
go off: 爆炸;走火;离开
blow up: 爆炸; 炸毁
bomb [b m]: n. 炸弹
课文
例句
同义词
同源词
60. explode [ k spl d]:vi. & vt. 爆炸; 爆破
With a sudden jolt, the Time Machine was flipped on its
side, and I was thrown through the air.
shake (shook – shaken): v. 摇动; 抖动; (使)颤动; 摇头
tremble: v. 颤抖; 哆嗦; 抖动;
战栗; 颤动; 轻轻摇晃
同义词
61. jolt [d lt]: n . 震动; 摇晃; 颠簸
vt. & vi. (使)震动; 摇晃
课文
例句
The plane/truck/jeep flipped and crashed.
例句
62. flip [fl p]: vt. & vi. (使)快速翻转;
(用手指)轻抛
I was stunned for a moment, and then heard
the sound of thunder.
stunned: adj. 震惊的; 惊愕的
stunning: adj. 令人震惊的/惊愕的
faint [fe nt]: v./n. 昏厥
dizzy [ d zi]:adj.头晕目眩的; 眩晕的
v. 使头晕眼花; 使发昏
同义词
同源词
63. stun [st n]: vt. 使震惊; 使昏迷
课文
例句
I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine.
muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的
课文
例句
64. mud [m d]: n. 泥; 泥浆
同源词
statement: n.说法; 声明; 陈述
state: v. 陈述; 说明; 声明
同源词
65. overstatement [ v ste tm nt]: n. 夸大; 夸张
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