(共56张PPT)
Section A (3a-4c)
Unit 6
When was it invented
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
by accident, nearly, ruler, boil, remain, smell, saint,
national, take place, doubt, without doubt, fridge,
low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden,
all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument
Key sentences:
1.—When was tea brought to Korea
— It was brought to Korea during
the 6th and 7th centuries.
Learn some Reading Skills
Warming up
Let’s enjoy a video.
Lead in
It’s about the tea culture in China.
Lu Yu.
2. Who is the writer of Cha Jing
1. What is the video about
Answer the questions according to the video.
What’s the most traditional drink in China
Tea has a long history.
Tea was first drunk nearly
5, 000 years ago.
boiling drinking water
leaves
It smells pleasant.
It tastes delicious and …
Pre-reading
Who was tea invented by
It was invented by the Chinese ruler called Shen Nong．
Shen Nong
How was it invented
boiling water over an open fire
fell into …and remained…
produced a nice smell
tasted the brown water —tea
It was invented by accident.
Reading
3a
Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
How tea spread to other countries
How tea was invented by accident
偶然；意外地
While-reading
3. Who is called “the saint of tea”
___________________________________
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. When was tea first drunk
___________________________________
2. How was tea invented
___________________________________
It was first drunk about 5,000 years ago.
3b
It was invented by accident.
Lu Yu.
n. 圣人，圣徒
4. What is Cha Jing about
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
_____
5. When was tea brought to other countries ____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
Tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. It was brought to England at around 1660.
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the first paragraph.
Tea (after water), the most popular drink in the world ___________ (invent) by accident. It is believed that tea _________ (drink) 5,000 years ago. It ______ (say) that a Chinese ruler ______ (call) Shen Nong was the first ________ (discover) tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong __________ (boil) drinking water
was invented
was drunk
is said
called
to discover
was boiling
n. 统治者，支配者
v. 煮沸，烧开
Post-reading
over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant ____ (fall) into the water and
remained there for some time. It ________
v. 保持不变
(produce) a nice smell so he ______ (taste)
n. 气味
the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks ____________ (invent).
fell
produced
was invented
tasted
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the second paragraph.
Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, ____________ (mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing a few thousand years later. The book describes how tea plants ___________ and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves ______________ (produce) and what kinds of water _________ (use).
mentioned
were grown
were produced
were used
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the third paragraph.
People believed that tea _____________ (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea _____________ (not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries ______ (take) place in the 19th century.
was brought
didn’t appear
took
This ________ (help) to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese ____ (be)
without doubt the ones who best
毫无疑问；的确
__________ (understand) the nature of tea.
helped
are
understand
1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was _________ by accident.
2. Tea was first ________ by Shen Nong 5,000 years ago.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
invent, drink, bring, produce, trade
invented
drunk
3c
3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
4. Tea was ________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
5. Tea is now ______ between many different countries.
traded
produced
brought
invent, drink, bring, produce, trade
1. by accident 偶然；意外地
Language points
e.g. The little girl knocked the glass
by accident.
小女孩不小心碰落了玻璃杯。
e.g. The new nation needed a
modern-minded ruler.
这个新兴国家需要一位现代头脑的统治者。
2. ruler n. 统治者；支配者
3. boil v. 煮沸；烧开
e.g. Boil the potato for 20 minutes.
把土豆煮20分钟。
rule (统治) + (e)r → ruler 统治者
4. remain v. 保持不变；剩余
e.g. Only a few leaves remained on the tree.
树上仅剩下几片叶子。
① 作连系动词，后跟名词、形容词、不定
式、分词等做表语。指保持某种状态。
e.g. Peter became a manager, but Mike
remained a worker.
彼得成为了经理，可迈克仍是工人。
② 作不及物动词，意为“剩余”。
e.g. The apples give off a sweet smell.
苹果发出非常甜的味道。
5. smell n. 气味
v. 发出气味；闻到
e.g. I can smell some nice noodle soup.
我能闻到香喷喷的面汤味。
6. national adj. 国家的; 民族的
e.g. Li Na, without doubt, is the
best tennis player in China.
毫无疑问，李娜是中国最优秀的网球运动员。
nation (国家) + al → national
e.g. The group of dancers wore
national dress.
那群跳舞演员穿着民族服装。
7. without doubt 毫无疑问；的确
8. take place 发生；出现
① 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；
常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。
e.g. Her sister’s marriage took place at
8:00 today.
她姐姐的婚礼今天八点举行。
② 辨析：happen则常指偶然发生的事情
e.g. I happened to see Peter on my way to the museum.
在去博物馆的路上我碰巧遇到皮特。
9. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen
Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现
了茶可以饮用。
It is said that…是个常见句式，表示“据
说……”, that后面接完整的句子。
e.g. It is said that thirteen is an unlucky
number in many Western countries.
据说在许多西方国家13是个不吉利的数字。
本单元还有一个类似的句式:
It is believed that…，意思是“人们认为……”, 其后同样接完整的句子。
e.g. It is believed that tea was brought to
Korea and Japan during the 6th and
7th centuries.
人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了
朝鲜和日本。
10.《茶经》是我国唐代一部有关茶叶
及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共
分三卷十节，全面叙述了茶叶生产
的历史，源流，生产技术以及饮茶
技艺和茶道原理，享有 “茶叶百科
全书”之美誉。
根据课本内容，完成下列句子。
1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ _____ the zipper ________
2. 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
Grammar Focus
was invented
When was invented
3. 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______
4. 它是由惠特科姆 贾得森发明的。
It ____ ________ ___ Whitcomb Judson.
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？
_____ ______ tea _________ to Korea
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。
It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
was invented by
When was brought
was brought during
Who was by
7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What ___ the hot ice-cream scoop
_____ _____
8. 它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。
It’s _____ ____ ______ really cold
ice-cream.
used for serving
is
used for
9. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _____ ________ _____
Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
invented
was invented by
Grammar
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
We cleaned the classroom yesterday.
我们昨天打扫了教室。
(主动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者)
The classroom was cleaned yesterday.
教室昨天被打扫。
(被动语态，主语the classroom是clean这一动作的承受者)
一、一般过去时被动语态
一般过去时被动语态的结构为“主语+ was /were +及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者).”。如：
Trees were planted last spring.
去年春天种了树。
1. 肯定句：
主语+was / were+及物动词的过去分词+其他.
e.g. Paper was invented by Chinese people two thousand years ago.
纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。
2. 否定句：
主语+ was/were not+及物动词的过
去分词+其他.
e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first.
开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。
e.g. Was this picture drawn by your sister
这幅画是你妹妹画的吗？
3. 一般疑问句：
Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分
词+其他
二、被动语态的用法：
1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
e.g. English is spoken all over the
world. 全世界都在说英语。
2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。
e.g. This dictionary is used by most
students.
这本字典是大多数学生在用的。
1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。
e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather.
→ The meeting was put off because of the weather.
会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。
三、主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，
通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，
指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把
指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接
语前加to或for。
e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday.
I was given an e-dictionary yesterday.
An e-dictionary was given to me
yesterday.
3. 主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。
e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house.
A heavy man was seen to enter the house.
4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。
e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown
布朗先生发生了什么事？
将下列句子变为被动语态。
1. He chose six story books the other day.
Six story books _____ _______ by him the other day.
2. Uncle Lee gave Jack a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully.
Jack _____ _____ a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully.
练一练
was given
were chosen
Exercise
3. A mouse ate half of the cake last night.
Half of the cake _____ _____ by a
mouse last night.
was eaten
将下列句子变为主动语态。
4. Were these machines invented by Edison
_____ Edison _______ these machines
Did invent
5. The post card was sent to Linda by Paul.
Paul _____ the post card ___ Linda.
6. America was discovered by Columbus.
Columbus __________ America.
sent to
discovered
对划线部分提问
7. Shoes with lights were used for seeing in the dark.
_____ ______ shoes with lights ______ for
8. Paper was invented in China almost a thousand years ago.
______ _____ paper _________ in China
used
What were
When was invented
4a
Practice
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
【点拨】原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为sold，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，应将the fridge作主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式。
1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
The fridge was sold at a low price.
【点拨】分析原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语动 词，my camera是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将my camera作句子主语，谓语动词用was stolen的形式。
2. Somebody stole my camera
from my hotel room.
_________________________________
_________________________________
My camera was stolen from my hotel room.
3. Where did you take these photos
__________________________________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
__________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
__________________________________
__________________________________
Where were these photos taken
We were advised not to go out alone.
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
were invited
eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring
were brought
4b
Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
句子主语you与invite之间存在被动关系。
villagers与bring之间存在被动关系
3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell.
4. The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them.
was locked
rang
broke
were told
were eaten
liked
the door与lock之间为被动关系；而we与ring之间则为主动关系；其他各题相同。
The telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson.
was born
was invented
worked
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentence. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
4c
the telephone与invent之间存在被动关系；Mr. Bell与work之间是主动关系。
In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
learned
was invented
was said
is used
Mr. Bell与learn之间为主动关系。
Summary
Learned the story of the invention of tea.
Learned the Active Voice and the Passive Voice (past tense).
Summary
Homework
Memorize the points in 3a.
Retell the story of the invention of tea.
Do the exercises in students’ book.
Homework
Thanks!
