(共19张PPT)
人教版英语选择性必修第一册
Unit1 People of achievement
Period 1 Reading and thinking
Tu YouYou Awarded Noble Prize
Learning objectives
In this class, you will
1. read about the news and find out the event;
2. read and find out the discovery of artemisinin;
3. talk about what greatness means and how it is achieved.
Can you name some Chinese doctors who used herbs(草药) for treatment in ancient times
Hua Tuo was a renowned physician during the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China.
The Book of Later Han records Hua Tuo as the first person in China to use anesthesia(麻醉) during surgery. He used a general anesthetic combining wine with an herbal concoction called mafeisan (麻沸散)
Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty. He wrote a famous book Compendium of Materia Medica(本草纲目), which is a collection of Chinese herbs . It included 2000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters . He visited mountains, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments on himself .
It took him 37 years to finish the book ，which is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
Tu Youyou
Can you name a modern scientist who uses artemisinin as a new treatment for malaria
Lead
Body
Conclusion/Ending
Headline
TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE
6 October 2015
1.Where would you most likely find this passage
A. In a blog. B. In a book.
C. In a letter. D. In a newspaper.
√
Reading activity: read and tick
Para. 1
Para. 3
Para.2
Para.4
Task 1: Match the main ideas with each paragraph.
Fast – reading
B. The honor of the discovery.
Tu’s way to the treatment for malaria.
C. The significance of Tu’s discovery
D. The discovery of the artemisinin.
2.Passages like this are mostly written in ______ and ______.
the active voice/offer many opinions
the first person/talk about feelings
both active and passive voices/mostly contain facts
√
Find descriptive words
Pay attention to the descriptive words in a passage. These will help you form a better impression of the subject described in the passage.
Reading activity: read and tick
This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to TU Youyou (Co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
1. Circle all the numbers;
2. Find two adjectives describing the
discovery of artemisinin.
What do the numbers suggest
good effects of artemisinin;
severe situation because of malaria
when
what
who
why
Para 1
Para 2 & 3
Tu Youyou's life experience
1930
1955
1967
1969
1971
2015
______ on 30 Dec. 1930. Ningbo, China
_________ from Peking University
_______ to be the first researchers
________ the head of the project in Beijing
___________ in discovering artemisinin
was ________ the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine
born
graduated
chosen
became
succeeded
awarded
What was the key to getting a good extract from the wormwood
temperature
What do the numbers suggest
Para.3 : “After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded ....”
Show the hardness of the mission & the great effort Tu's team made
Para 2 & 3
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.”
1. What contributes to Tu Youyou’s discovery
team up with other excellent scientists
get inspiration from TCM;
gain support from the country
professional knowledge
personal characteristics (committed; patient ...)
Para 4
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.”
2. What kind of person is Tu Youyou according to her quote
thinks little of fame and money
selfless
cooperative
modest
Para 4
Tu Youyou Awarded Nobel Prize
The news
The event
Tu Youyou was awarded Nobel Prize.
Road to discovery
Pre-experiment
During experiment
Post-experiment
Significance of the event
fieldwork and literature review
extracting at a low temperature
using dried wormwood leaves
boiling fresh wormwood for liquid
great value of traditional Chinese medicine
testing
Post-reading activity: review with the map
Which is more important
talent or effort
effort
talent
Which is more important,
Chinese medicine or western medicine
Chinese medicine
western
medicine
Combining the two can promote the health in the world. The discovery of artemisinia is an example. Tu’s success shows that TCM needs to embrace modern technologies and laboratory tools.
We need talent to learn quickly and to think sharply.
We should spare no effort to experiment through trial and error.
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value.
——Albert Einstein
努力不是为了功成名就，而是为了成为有价值的人。
Thank you !
Have a nice day!(共11张PPT)
Unit1 People of achievement
Period 1 Reading and thinking
Tu YouYou Awarded Noble Prize
Tu Youyou Awarded Nobel Prize
The news
The event
Tu Youyou was awarded Nobel Prize.
Road to discovery
Pre-experiment
During experiment
Post-experiment
Significance of the event
fieldwork and literature review
extracting at a low temperature
using dried wormwood leaves
boiling fresh wormwood for liquid
great value of traditional Chinese medicine
testing
Review
6 October 2015
This year's Nobel Prize
for Physiology or
Medicine has been
awarded to Tu Youyou
(co-winner), whose
research led to the
discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Tu Youyou Awarded Nobel Prize
have been done
已经被...
现在完成时被动
先行词，人 ，在从句中做定语+名词
本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一)。她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。
同位语，对青蒿素做解释说明
have/has done
已经被拯救
已导致
成千上万的
死于
die v.死
dying adj.垂死挣扎的
dead adj.死的
death n.死亡
已成为
be+done表被动，被认为
adj.至关重要的
Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
adj.坚定的
adj.耐心的
be born in+地点，出生于
毕业于；
从...毕业
with做伴随状语，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法, ，
被选的，过去分词做后置定语
Youyou went to Hainan,
where malaria was more
common, to study malaria
patients. In 1969, she became
the head of the project in
Beijing, and decided to review
ancient Chinese medical texts
to find traditional botanical
treatments for the disease.
非限制性定语从句，where地点状语，屠呦呦奔赴疟疾更为常见的海南研究疟疾患者。
传统植物疗法
Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.
研读
评估
药学属性
先行词，treatment，that做主语引导定语从句，
他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法
青蒿提取物
干青蒿叶
They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work, either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.
水煎青蒿叶
屠呦呦并不认输。
分析
偶然地
by accident
conclude 谓语动词+that宾语从句
认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性
Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
物质先行词，that定语从句
她发现了一种有效物质。
一种有效物质
坚持 on介词+doing
make sure确保，动词短语
+that宾语从句
被测试
这种被称为青蒿素的药物
use 和she是主动关系，using
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,“The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed
an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.”
hear v.that宾语从句，当获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，
“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队以及全国人民。这项成功印证了传统中医的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。”
Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015 for her research, _______ led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin ________(save) a large number of lives since it was discovered. After _________(graduate) from university, Tu Youyou worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In 1967, Tu Youyou _________(choose) as a researcher of a team of scientists with ___ purpose of discovering a new treatment for malaria.
has saved
graduating
was chosen
the
which
They ________(evaluate) 280.000 plants and tested 380 dstinct ancient Chinese medical _________(treat). One medical text suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu Youyou analysed the medical texts again, and ___ chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way. Soon she found a substance that worked by _______(boil) the sweet wormwood at a lower temperature. The team's hard work ________(eventual) paid off in 971. Tu Youyou thought the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort and the Nobel Prize was an honor for China's scientific research.
evaluated
treatments
boiling
eventually(共26张PPT)
薄荷味的夏天
Unit 1 People of achievement
Period 1: Words and Expression Lesson 1
Knowledge objectives:
·The students will be able to know the meaning and usage of the following words.
1.Crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的
2.Vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
3.Commit vt. 承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）;
vi. 忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）
4.Academic adj. 学业的；学术的
5.Objective n. 目标；目的; adj. 客观的
单词识记
Crucial
Vital
Commit
Academic
Objective
n. 目标；目的; adj. 客观的
adj. 学业的；学术的
vt. 承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）;vi. 忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）
adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
adj. 至关重要的；关键性的
巩固练习
巩固练习
6.Botanical adj. 植物学的
7.Evaluate vt. 评价；评估
8.Property n. 性质；特征；财产
9.Distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的
10.Boil vt.＆vi（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开; n. 沸腾；沸点
巩固练习
单词识记
巩固练习
单词识记
adj. 植物学的
vt. 评价；评估
n. 性质；特征；财产
adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的
vt.＆vi（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开; n. 沸腾；沸点
6.Botanical
7.Evaluate
8.Property
9.Distinct
10.Boil
巩固练习
单词识记
11. Liquid
12. Obtain
13. Acknowledge
14. Defeat
15. Analyse
16. Apparently
17. Substance
n. 液体; 液体的；adj.液态的
vt.（尤指经努力）获得；贏得;vi. （规章、习俗等）存在；流行
adv. 显而易见；看来；显然
vt. 分析
vt. 承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢
n. 物质；物品；事实根据
n.失败；挫败;vt. 击败；战胜
Game time
Apparently
Substance
Analyse
Defeat
Acknowledge
Obtain
Liquid
巩固练习
单词测试
巩固练习
单词识记
1. Physiology n. 生理学；生理机能
2. Artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素
3. Malaria n. 疟疾
4. Academy n. （艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院
5. Extract n. 提取物；摘录; adj. 提取；提炼；摘录;
6. Wormwood n. 蒿；洋艾
7. Penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
8. Flee vt./vi. （fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑
巩固练习
单词测试
Physiology
Artemisinin
Malaria
Academy
Extract
Wormwood
Penicillin
Flee
n. 生理学；生理机能
n. [药]青蒿素
n. 疟疾
n. （艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院
n. 提取物；摘录; adj. 提取；提炼；摘录;
n. 蒿；洋艾
n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
vt./vi. （fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑
巩固练习
单词识记
18. Insist vi. ＆vt. 坚持；坚决要求
19. insist on 坚决要求
20. Scientific adj. 科学（上）的；关于科学的
21. Mostly adv. 主要地；一般地
22. wear and tear （正常使用造成的）磨损；损耗
23. Conclusion n. 结论；推论
24. Circumstance n. [usually pl].条件；环境；状况
Game time
Circumstance
Conclusion
wear and tear
Mostly
Scientific
insist on
Insist
Blowing bubbles
点击空白处出现一个单词泡泡 ，
让学生读，学生读出后点击这个泡泡。
该单词消失，再点空白处出现下一个单词。
巩固练习
单词测试
巩固练习
单词识记
Novelist n. 小说家
Novel n. （长篇）小说
Flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应;vi. 流；流动
Chart n. 图表;vt. 记录；制订计划
Found vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在
Infer vt. 推断；推定
Politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客
Numerous adj. 众多的；许多的
巩固练习
单词测试
Politician
Infer
Numerous
Chart
Flow
Novel
Novelist
Flow
巩固练习
单词识记
Theory n. 理论；学说
Relativity n. 相对论；相对性
Formula n. 公式；方程式；配方
Genius n. （pl. genuses)天才；天资；天赋
Gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的
Patent n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利;adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的
Passion n. 酷爱；激情
Doctorate n. 博士学位
巩固练习
单词测试
Relativity
Gentle
Patent
Doctorate
Genius
Passion
Which one is missing？
Theory
Formula
请以最快的速度找出哪个单词消失了！
Game time
巩固练习
单词识记
Extraordinary adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
Gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
Photoelectric adj. 光电的
come to power （开始）掌权；上台
Institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗
Institute n.(教育、专业等）机构；机构建筑
Consequence n. 结果；后果
take up a position 担任；任职
巩固练习
单词测试
take up a position
Institution
come to power
Photoelectric
Gradually
Consequence
Extraordinary
Institute
Game time
巩固练习
单词识记
Moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭
Peculiarity n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质
Encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到;n. 邂逅；遭遇
Professor n. 教授
Mourn vt. ＆vi. 哀悼；忧伤
巩固练习
单词测试
Mourn
Encounter
Moustache
Professor
Peculiarity
踩地雷
Remarkable adv. 非凡的；显著的
Device n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器
Sum vi. 总结；概括;n. 金额；款项；总数；总和
sum up 总结；概括
Draft n. 草稿；草案;vt. 起草；草拟
Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖
巩固练习
单词识记
巩固练习
单词测试
Remarkable
Device
Sum
sum up
Draft
Nobel Prize
单词测试
physiology
distinct
obtain
property
objective
extract
artemisinin
academic
botanical
vital
malaria
evaluate
commit
crucial
boil
Homework
本节课所学单词一个五遍;
朗读文章第一至第三自然段发送音频
Thank you !
See you next time!(共24张PPT)
Unit 1 People of achievement
Period 3: Discover useful structures
Knowledge objectives:
·In this class, you will
1. To practice the vocabulary.
2. To learn to use non-restrictive relative clauses.
3. To make sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.
Reviwe
Game Times
crucial
vital
vt.承诺；保证
evaluate
失败；挫败
acknowledge
obtain
boil
adj.清晰的；清楚的；
孔雀开屏
点击孔雀，出现第一根羽毛，读上面的单词。
并点击一下出现下一根羽毛。以此类推。
vt.分析
conclusion
apparently
Lead-in
Read the following sentences and underline the relative clauses.
1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
Lead-in
Read the following sentences and underline the relative clauses.
3. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
Grammar rules
定语从句（relative clauses）：在复合句中修饰限定名词或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的_____或_____叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面, 由_________或_________引导。
名词
代词
关系代词
关系副词
例. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Grammar rules
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who, whom, which, that, whose, as
where, when, why
关系词的作用：
① 引导作用(引导定语从句)
② 替代作用(替代先行词)
③ 在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
例:Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
Grammar rules
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词
人 主 who/that
宾 who/whom/that/省略
定 whose(=of whom)
物 主 that/which
宾 that/which/省略
定 whose(=of which)
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系副词
时间名词 时间状语 when
地点名词 地点状语 where
reason 原因状语 why
Exercises
1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
3. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
Grammar rules
The classification of Attributive Clause
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句
Grammar rules
限制性定语从句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系，缺少了它作为先行词的名词（词組），便不能明确表示其所指对象。（不可省略）
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句和它的先行词之间联系比较松散，它不是先行词不可缺少的部分，只是提供些补充说明。如果省略了个非限制性关系从句，并不影响先行词的所指意义。（可省略）
Grammar rules
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上
意义上
作用上
翻译上
关系词
无逗号
去掉从句，主句意思不完整不明确
去掉从句，主句意思仍然完整清楚
修饰限定
只修饰一个名词或代词
补充说明
可修饰一个词，也可修饰整个句子
译为“……的”
常译成与主句并列的句子
作宾语时可省略
关系词一般不可省略
不能用that, why引导
The differences
有逗号
Exercises
1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
3. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
Grammar rules
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
引
导
词的作用
Exercises
1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
3. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
作定语=whose
宾语
地点名词作状语
表语
Exercises
Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses. How do the sentences flow differently？
1. We were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there.
We were very impressed by the old man, who was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where(=in Germany) Hitler was in power.
the old man
Germany
there
He
Exercises
Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses. How do the sentences flow differently？
3. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
4. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J.K. Rowling. It inspired us a lot.
There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite novelist, J.K. Rowling, which inspired us a lot.
Grammar rules
Exercises
①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。
She is always working hard，____ everyone can see.
②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。
The book，______ I bought yesterday, is very instructive.
③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。
______ everyone can see, she is honest.
= She is honest，_______ everyone can see.
④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
______ we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health.
⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。
Tom suddenly fell ill，_______ made us very sad.
as
which
As
as
As
which
Exercises
Fill in the blanks with relative pronouns or adverbs.
20. (2020·全国新课标III)In ancient China lived an artist， 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
21. (2020·全国新课标I)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 ． it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
22. (2020·全国新高考I山东卷)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum 39. opened in 1759.
23. (2019·新课标II卷·语法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
24. (2019·新课标III卷·语法填空)They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.
whose
where
which/that
where
who
Summary
1. 整理本节课所学知识点，要求内容完整，重难点清晰
2. 预习本单元写作部分内容，搞清楚本单元写作类型及需要注意的地方
Homework
Thank you !
See you next time!(共25张PPT)
LOREM IPSUM DOLOR
Unit 1 People of achievement
Period 2: Reading and thinking
Tu YouYou Awarded Noble Prize
Knowledge objectives:
·In this class, you will
1. read about the news and find out the event;
2. read and find out the discovery of artemisinin;
3. talk about what greatness means and how it is achieved.
巩固练习
单词测试
Relativity
Gentle
Patent
Doctorate
Genius
Passion
Which one is missing？
Theory
Formula
请以最快的速度找出哪个单词消失了！
Game time
·Can you name some Chinese doctors who used herbs(草药) for treatment in ancient times
Lead-in
Lead-in
Hua Tuo was a renowned physician during the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China.
The Book of Later Han records Hua Tuo as the first person in China to use anesthesia(麻醉) during surgery. He used a general anesthetic combining wine with an herbal concoction called mafeisan (麻沸散).
Lead-in
Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty. He wrote a famous book Compendium of Materia Medica(本草纲目), which is a collection of Chinese herbs . It included 2000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters . He visited mountains, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments on himself .
It took him 37 years to finish the book ，which is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
Can you name a modern scientist who uses artemisinin
as a new treatment for malaria
Lead-in
Tu Youyou, born in 1930 in Ningbo, has been a pharmacologist at the China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science since 1965, engaging in research of the combination of TCM and WM.
TCM: traditional Chinese medicine
WM: western medicine
Tu Youyou
Lead-in
3. The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria is regarded as a breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century.
4. For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in clinical medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
1. Her name is taken from the Book Of Songs（诗经）
2. Tu Youyou won Nobel Prize for the discovery of Artemisinin(青蒿素).
Headline/Title
Date
body
Conclusion/Ending
Fast – reading
Reading activity
1.Where would you most likely find this passage
A. In a blog. B. In a book.
C. In a letter. D. In a newspaper.
TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE
6 October 2015
√
2.Passages like this are mostly written in ______ and ______.
the active voice/offer many opinions
the first person/talk about feelings
both active and passive voices/mostly contain facts
Reading activity
TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE
6 October 2015
Find descriptive words
Pay attention to the descriptive words in a passage. These will help you form a better impression of the subject described in the passage.
√
While – reading
This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved (hundreds of thousands of ) lives. and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the worid get malaria each year, and about 600， 000 die from it, Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100.000 lives a year in Africa alone.
1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.
The significance of Tu’s discovery.
para.1
成千上万的
Reading activity
3. Find two adjectives describing the discovery of artemisinin.
2. What do the numbers suggest
good effects of artemisinin;
severe situation because of malaria
crucial
vital
While – reading
1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.
Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930， and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
para.2-1
Personal profile and early work experience.
1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.
In 1969， she became the head of the project in Beijing and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2， 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
para.2-2
Tu’s way to the treatment for malaria.
While – reading
While – reading
One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.
para.3-1
1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.
Hard work leading to the discovery of the artemisinin.
While – reading
1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.
Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
para.3-2
The discovery of the artemisinin.
Reading activity
4. Find out what happened to Tu in the following years.
Born in Ningbo, China
Graduated from Peking University Medical School
Chosen to be the first researchers to discover a new treatment for malaria.
Became the head of the project in Beijing
The team finally succeeded in 1971. Tested the medicine on themselves and later on patients. The medicine became a standard treatment for malaria.
Awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine.
Reading activity
What was the key to getting a good extract from the wormwood
temperature
5. What do the numbers suggest
Para.3 : “After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded ....”
Show the hardness of the mission & the great effort Tu's team made
While – reading
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, "The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
para.4
The honor of the discovery.
1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.
Fast – reading
Reading activity
2. What kind of person is Tu Youyou according to her quote
thinks little of fame and money
selfless
cooperative
modest
Which is more important for making a great discovery，talent or effort
effort
talent
We need talent to learn quickly and to think sharply.
We should spare no effort to experiment through trial and error.
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
Reading activity
Summary
The news
The event
Tu Youyou was awarded Nobel Prize.
Road to discovery
Pre-experiment
During experiment
Post-experiment
Significance of the event
fieldwork and literature review
extracting at a low temperature
using dried wormwood leaves
boiling fresh wormwood for liquid
great value of traditional Chinese medicine
testing
·Review with the map
Tu Youyou Awarded Nobel Prize
Homework
本节课所学单词一个五遍;
朗读文章第一至第三自然段发送音频
Thank you !
See you next day!(共28张PPT)
Unit 1 People of achievement
Period 2: Reading and thinking
Tu YouYou Awarded Noble Prize
Review
The news
The event
Tu Youyou was awarded Nobel Prize.
Road to discovery
Pre-experiment
During experiment
Post-experiment
Significance of the event
fieldwork and literature review
extracting at a low temperature
using dried wormwood leaves
boiling fresh wormwood for liquid
great value of traditional Chinese medicine
testing
·Review with the map
Tu Youyou Awarded Nobel Prize
单词测试
physiology
distinct
obtain
property
objective
extract
artemisinin
academic
botanical
vital
malaria
evaluate
commit
crucial
boil
1. This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives.
Language points
have been done 已经被...
现在完成时的被动
have/has done
已经...
先行词，人 ，在从句中做定语 +名词
引导词，在句子中引导定语从句
同位语
成千上万的
巩固练习
单词精讲
1. crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 = vital = significant = important
crucially adv. 关键地；至关重要地
短语： be crucial to/for 对...是至关重要的
It is crucial that...(should) do ...是至关重要的
① It is crucial that the problem _______________________ immediately.
关键是要马上处理这一问题。
② The support of our fans _________________our winning the Super Cup.
球迷的支持对我们赢得超级杯非常关键。
(should) be solved
is crucial to/for
2. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. and is thought to save 100.000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Language points
be+done表被动，被认为
Be thought to do sth = It is/was thought that...
= It is thought that Artemisinin saves 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
have/has done 已经...
adj.至关重要的
巩固练习
单词精讲
2. vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
vitally adv. 极其;紧要地;生死攸关地
短语：be vital to/for 对……是至关重要的
It is vital to do sth. 做某事是很重要的
It is vital that…(should) do …是十分重要的.(从句用虚拟语气,should可以省略)
① Perseverance _________success. 毅力对于成功是至关重要的.
② It is vital that human beings____________ the rules of nature.
重要的是人类应该服从大自然的规则。
is vital to
(should) obey
Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. On 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
Language points
1．表示在较长的时间里:（周／月份／季节／年份／世纪等）eg. in a week
2．表示在上午、下午或晚上 eg. in the morning
3.“in＋一段时间”表示“多久以后／以内”，常与将来时连用。eg. in half an hour；
1.表示在具体的某一天（如日期、生日、节日或星期几）eg：on May 4th 1919；on Teachers’Day；2.表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上 eg：on Sunday afternoon；
be born in+地点，出生于
adj.坚定的
毕业于；从...毕业
巩固练习
单词精讲
3. commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入
committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
commitment n.承诺,保证；（对工作或某活动）献身；奉献
短语： be committed to sth./doing sth. 承诺/致力于（做）某事
commit oneself doing sth./to do sth. 承诺做某事
①Both sides ______________________ settle the dispute peacefully.
双方承诺和平解决争端。
②The President __________________reforming health care.
总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。
committed themselves to
is committed to
Language points
In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
连接并列复合句
with做伴随状语;表示目的
过去分词做后置定语,修饰the first researchers
巩固练习
单词精讲
4. objective adj. 客观的 n.目标;目的
object n.物体；宾语 v.不同意；不赞成；反对
短语: (do sth)with the objective of doing sth. 旨在做某事
achieve/meet one's objective 实现某人的目标
set an objective for sb./sth. 为...确定目标
eg. The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of (discovery) a new treatment for malaria.
中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍。
discovering
Language points
In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
先行词
where地点状语，引导非限制性定语从句
Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties .
药学属性
巩固练习
单词精讲
5. evaluate vt.评价；评估 evaluation n. 评估；估算
短语: make an evaluation of 对...进行评估
①The school has only been open for six months, so it’s hard to __________________.
这所学校才开了六个月，所以很难评价它的成功。
② Afterwards, they _____________________the health care system.
后来，他们对医疗保健制度进行了评价。
evaluate its success
made an evaluation of
Language points
From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
先行词
做主语引导定语从句
译：他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法
巩固练习
单词精讲
7. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的
distinctive adj. （特征、性格或外表）独特的，特别的
distinction n. 区别, 差别; 特性; 优秀；杰出；卓越
短语： be distinct/different from...与...不同
make a distinction between A and B 区别对待A和B
It is distinct that... 很明显...
①The learning needs of the two groups _______________each other.
这两个组的学习需求是有区别的。
②Philosophers did not use to _______________between arts and science
哲学家过去习惯不把人文科学与自然科学区别开来。
are distinct from
make a distinction
Language points
They then tried boiling fresh wormwood and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.
偶然地
=by accident
屠呦呦并不认输
水煎青蒿叶
conclude 谓语动词+that宾语从句
8. obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行
短语： obtain...from/out of /through...从...中得到
obtain one’s permission 得到某人许可
obtain information 获取信息
①You should from the head teacher before you leave school.
得到校长的许可后，你才能离校。
②Both of these books can ________________the library.
这两本书都可以在图书馆中取得。
obtain the permission
be obtained from
巩固练习
单词精讲
9. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢
acknowledgement n. 承认;感谢
短语： acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认(做了)某事
acknowledge that… 承认……
acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as… 承认某事/某人是……
It is universally/generally acknowledged that………是大家公认的。
① He refused to_____________________, which made mom very annoyed.
他不承认他的错误，这使得他妈妈很生气。
② He __________________________the best pianist in the world.
他是大家公认的世界上最好的钢琴家.
acknowledge his mistake
is universally acknowledged as
巩固练习
单词精讲
10. defeat n. 失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜
短语： a big/bad defeat 大败 suffer (a) defeat 遭受失败
accept/acknowledge defeat接受/承认失败
① I’ve tried to solve the problem, but______________.
我已经尝试去解决这个问题了 ，但它还是打败了我。
② No matter what happened, they refused to___________________.
无论发生什么，他们拒绝承认失败。
it defeatd me
acknowledge defeat
巩固练习
单词精讲
Language points
Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
make sure确保，
动词短语+that宾语从句
Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said...
介词upon＋动词 ing形式”构成介词短语，用作时间状语，译作“在……的时候；当……时；一……就……”；that在这里 引导宾语从句
11. insist vi.& vt. 坚持; 坚决要求
短语：insist on/upon doing sth. 坚决要求做某事
insist (that) + (should) do坚决要求;坚决主张(从句用虚拟语气)
insist (that) 坚持说;坚持认为(从句用陈述语气)
①She was stubborn and insisted that the work ________________ahead of schedule. 她很固执，坚持要求工作要提前完成。
②My sister insisted that___________________.
我妹妹坚持说她是正确的。
(should) be finished
she was right
巩固练习
单词精讲
Exercise
1. Winning this contract is crucial the success of the company.
2. It is vital to (keep) an accurate record of every transaction.
3. Giving up my job to go back to full－time education was a big (commit)，but now I know it was the best decision I had ever made.
4. Most crimes (commit) by young men.
5. The President is committed to (reform) health care.
to/for
It is vital to do sth. 做……很重要
keep
commitment
are committed
reforming
Exercise
6. She insisted coming with us.
7. At school he was thought to have an attitude problem.(同义替换)
上学时他被认为态度有问题。
8. Diamonds were once thought (have)magical powers.
9. This will be the best novel of its kind ever (write)．
10. Who were the so called guests (invite) to your party last night
＝It was thought that he had an attitude problem at school.
on
to have
written
invited
Exercise
Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015 for her research, _______ led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin ________(save) a large number of lives since it was discovered. After _________(graduate) from university, Tu Youyou worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In 1967, Tu Youyou _________(choose) as a researcher of a team of scientists with ___ purpose of discovering a new treatment for malaria.
which
has saved
graduating
was chosen
the
Exercise
They ________(evaluate) 280.000 plants and tested 380 dstinct ancient Chinese medical _________(treat). One medical text suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu Youyou analysed the medical texts again, and chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way. Soon she found a substance that worked by _______(boil) the sweet wormwood at a lower temperature. The team's hard work ________(eventual) paid off in 971. Tu Youyou thought the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort and the Nobel Prize was an honor for China's scientific research.
evaluated
treatments
boiling
eventually
by
Summary
Homework
默写本节课所测试单词;
整理本节课所学相关知识点
Thank you !
See you next day!(共27张PPT)
Unit1. People of Achievemet
words and phrases 选修一
有成就的人们
Group1
biology n. 生物
commitment n.
A Q U A M A N
commit
vital
crucial
commit
vital
至关重要的
artemisinin
cricial
commit oneself
to do
必不可少的
malaria
有触发器
commit
vital
commit oneself to do
malaria
crucial
commit
artemisinin
physiology
evaluation n.
distinction n.区别；卓越
Group2
subjective adj.主观的
academic results 考试分数
复数： properties
first
floor
目标
teachers' office
distinct
extract
property
评价
性质；财产
研究员
academic
academy
botanical
objective
academic
distinct
property
objective
botanical
植物学的
学业的
评价；评估
evaluate
清晰的
botanical
boiled adj.煮开的 boiled eggs 煮熟的鸡蛋
boiling adj.正在沸腾的
apparent adj. ...的
solid 固体
gas 气体
acknowledgement n.
analysis n.
Group3
victory 胜利
defeat sb.打败某人
obtain
boil
acknowledge
analyse
liquid
wormwood
boiling
显然的
分析
defeat
obtain
science n.科学
secientist n.科学家
most adj.
conclude vt.得出结论
Group4
insist that sb should(可省略) do sth
坚持某人做某事
insist on
mostly
conclusion
scientific
substance
insist
wear and tear
conclusion
主要地；
一般地
结论
磨损
subtan
ce
insist
on
11111111
Group5
cash flow 现金流
fiction 小说
foundation n.根基；建立
flow chart
flee
novel
circumstance
found
情况
novelist
建立
novel
flow chart
found
flee
infer from 从...推断
inference n.
politic n.政治
political adj.政治的
Group7
theories 复数
relative n.亲戚
Missing game
politician
theory
relativity
patent
genius
gentle
infer from
政治家
推断
天才
patent
relativity
theory
绅士的
nume
rous
gradual adj.
Group8
bachelor 学士
master 硕士
institute
institution
extra
ordinary
passion
come to
power
doctorate
gradually
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
机构
掌权
不同寻
常的
public
gradua
lly
passion
professional adj.专业的
n.专家
Group9
professor
remarkable
draft
mourn
consequence
take up a position
device
encounter
sum up
总结
邂逅
remarkable
草稿
方法；技巧
总结
draft
教授
sum up
mostache
教授
peculiarity
mourn
device
encounter(共12张PPT)
Unit 1 People of achievement
Period 4: Reading and Writing
Game Times
Mine sweeping
扫雷游戏
单词下埋着6颗雷，学生选择单词并读出，
如果单词下没有雷则可得分，如果有，则不得分。
Grammar rules
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
2
found
gradually
come to power
sum up
other than
gentle
change one's mind
care about
get lost
remarkable
serve as
manage to do
get stuck
with the objective of
lead to
consequence
circumstance
pay attention to
flee
take up
Writing
Write an introduction about someone you admire
Writing
如何写一篇人物简介
榜样总是给我们力量, 那么, 我们如何对榜样做人物简介呢 人物介绍是高中生基础写作任务中常见的一种话题类型。它涉及人的出生、家庭背景、教育、生平经历、成就和评价等。同学们要注意其文体应该是记叙文, 同时还要注意人称和时态的合理使用。
Writing
请根据以下材料, 写一篇介绍我国明代(Ming Dynasty)医学家(medical scientist)李时珍的文章。
出生年代: 1518 著作: 《本草纲目》
内容: 中草药(herbs)总集, 包含近2 000种中草药, 数百万字(characters)
写作经历: 访民间, 走群山, 尝百草, 亲身做实验
成书时间: 1578年, 历时37年
评价: 对我国医学(medicine)发展做出了重大贡献
Writing
Beginning
General introduction
● background
● age
medical scientist
Ming Dynasty
born in 1518
Body
Achievement
Details and examples
Use specific details
Give examples
Ben Cao Gang Mu
visited mountains
called on ordinary people
tasted herbs
Ending
Difficulty and Contribution
37 years to finish the task
make a great contribution
Writing
1. 李时珍是中国明朝时期的一个著名医学家。
Li Shizhen ____________a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty.
2. 他出生于1518年。
He ___________1518.
was known as
was born in
Known as a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was born in 1518.
Writing
3. 他写了一本叫作《本草纲目》的书。
He wrote a book which _______Ben Cao Gang Mu.
4. 《本草纲目》是一本中国中草药总集, 其中包含了2 000多种中草药, 数百万字。
Ben Cao Gang Mu is a collection of Chinese herbs ______ _______over 2, 000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters.
is called
includes
He wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu, which is a collection of Chinese herbs including over 2,000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters.
which
Writing
Known as a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was born in 1518. He wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu, which is a collection of Chinese herbs including over 2, 000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters. In order to finish the task, he visited mountains, called on ordinary people, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments by himself. It took him 37 years to finish the task, and his book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
Writing
你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“My Hero”的讨论活动。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍你心中的英雄。要点包括：
1. 他/她的职业；
2. 他/她可称为hero的理由；
3. 你对hero的理解。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出。
Good afternoon, everyone_________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you!
Thank you !
See you next time!(共23张PPT)
阅读理解
目录
CONTENTS
PART ONE
PART TWO
阅读理解在高考中的地位
阅读理解常考题型
PART THREE
PART FOUR
阅读理解做题方法
阅读理解相关练习
01
阅读理解在高考中的地位
地位
1. 纵观历年的高考真题，阅读理解在英语试卷中都是考查的重中之重，占据着非常重要的地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。因此，掌摨好阅读理解的技巧和解题策略是每位学生在高中阶段必须学会的一门必修课，也是在英语考试中得高分的关键。
2. 学习任何语言都需要大量的阅读，英语也不例外。英语学习能者，一般说来，都读过数量相当的书；就是说，只有书读得比较多的人，才能真正地学好英语。国家课程标准中《英语课程标准》指出，高中英语教学应该着型培养以下几方面的能力：在人际交往中得体地使用英语的能力；用英语获取和处理信息的能力：用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力以及批判性思维能力. 在英语教学的四大基木技能中，“读”是其中的一个重要的技能。“读”对学生的综合能力要求高，也非常能够检验出学生真正接收到的英语知识，因此，阅读教学是难度很大也很重要的一块教学内容。
02
阅读理解常考题型
常考题型
·高考英语常见的九种阅读理解题型：
1.例证题 2. 指代题
3.词汇题（▲隐蔽型词汇题） 4.句子理解题
5.主旨大意题 6.作者态度题
7.判断题 8.细节理解题
9.推断题
·重点题型中的几个问题
1.词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义
2.句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。
3.推理题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。
03
阅读理解做题方法
1.例证题：
①例证题的标记。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify时。
②返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。
③搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。
④找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。
⑤例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。（即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。）
要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。
2.指代题：
①返回原文，找出出题的指代词。
②向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)。
③将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。
④将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。
3.词汇题：（“搜索代入”法）
①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。
②确定该词汇的词性
③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适
④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选项，即答案。
注意：
a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。
b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。
c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。
d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。
▲隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。
做题方法
4.句子理解题：
①返回原文找到原句。
②对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。
③一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。
④句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。
思路：对句子微观分析 不行就依据上下文 选择时不要推得过远。
5.推理题：“最近原则”
①标志：learn, infer, imply, inform
②看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。
③依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。
④推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。(原文的某句话变个说法)
注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。
做题方法
6.主旨题：（“串线摘帽”即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。）
①主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title…
②串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。(主要针对自然段少的文章;针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句。找一个和中心句最贴近的)
③小心首段陷阱。
④主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：⑴局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;⑵范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
⑤逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
7.作者态度题：
①标志：attitude
②应精确理解四个选项的含义。
③不要掺杂自己的观点。
④可以寻找文中一些具有感彩的词。如：fortunately, excessively, too many.
⑤举例的方式。
⑥抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。
⑦做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。
8.判断题：
①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。
③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系(做题是要看清题目)。
9.细节题：
看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案
做题方法
1.重点题型中的几个问题：
①词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义
②句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。
③推理题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。
2.正确答案的特征：
①经常与中心思想有关。 ②最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。
③经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。
④从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can, may, might, possible,
not necessarily, some.
⑤经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。
3.错误答案的特征：
第一大层次：
①无中生有(未提及的概念); ②正反混淆(选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);
③所答非所问(虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边)
第二大层次：
①过分绝对; ②扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);③因果倒置;
④常识判断;⑤推得过远;⑥偏离中心;⑦变换词性。
常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现;如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。
注意!
做题方法
#1
#2
#3
结构看总分 a new study shows that
主角找重复 old devices; outdated devices
情感判正误 bad news
做题方法
3. 遇到生词怎么办？
直接涂黑
你不需要认识所有单词！
只需利用你认识的单词读懂文章做对题！
能读懂的句子读慢点，读不懂的句子读快点！
4. 模糊翻译
文章=东西＋关系＋态度
名词：东西
动词：关系（搞）
形容词/副词：态度（好/坯）
2. 看懂文章=看懂这篇文章的主题 =看懂这篇文章在反复解释什么
1. 首要任务: 是看懂文章的 “主题〞（反复解释的东西）
04
阅读理解相关练习
A
Mark Twain left school when he was twelve. He had little school education. In spite of this, he became the most famous writer of his time. He made millions of dollars by writing. His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but he is better known all over the world as Mark Twain, his pen name.
Mark Twain was born in 1835 and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mother's tender care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbors. He didn't like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home. He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi River. He was nearly drowned nine times.
After his father's death in 1847, Mark Twain began to work for a printer, who only provided him with food and clothing. Then, he worked as a printer, a river boat pilot and later joined the army. But shortly after that he became a miner. During this period, he started to write short stories. Afterwards he became a full time writer.
In 1870, Mark Twain got married. In the years that followed he wrote many books including Tom Sawyer in 1876, and Huckleberry Finn in 1884, which made him famous, and brought him a great fortune.
Unfortunately, Mark Twain got into debts in bad investments(投资)and he had to write large numbers of stories to pay these debts. In 1904, his wife died, and then three of their children passed away.
At the age of 70, his hair was completely white. He bought many white suits and neckties. He wore nothing but white from head to foot until his death on April 21, 1910.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了文坛巨匠马克·吐温的生平事迹和所取得的成就。
1．Mark Twain left school at 12 to________．
A．work as a miner B．write stories C．join the army D．make a living
2．Which of the following about Mark Twain is NOT true
A．He was not a healthy boy. B．He caused much trouble for his parents.
C．He gained lots of money by writing. D．He had a happy childhood but a sad later life.
3．________brought him fame and lots of money.
A．His works B．His investments C．His printing D．His family
4．The best title of this passage is________．
A．Mark Twain's Works B．Mark Twain's Life
C．Mark Twain's Fame D．Mark Twain's Success
D
细节理解题
D
推理判断题
A
细节理解题
B
主旨大意题
B
The Million Pound Bank Note (1953)
Directed by Ronald Neame
Written by Mark Twain (story), Jill Craigie
Genre(类型): Comedy (more)
Plot Outline: Two rich British men offer a penniless American a loan, without telling him that the amount is one million pound, and this in the form of a single bank note.(more)
User Comments: Great fun... you can bank on it! (more)
Cast Overview: Gregory Peck... Henry Adams; Ronald Squire... Oliver Montpelier; Joyce Grenfell... Duchess of Cromarty; A．E.Matthews... Duke of Frognell; Maurice Denham... Mr Reid (more)
Also Known As: Man with a Million (USA)
Runtime: 90 minutes
Country: UK
Language: English
Color: Color (Technicolor)
Sound Mix：Mono (Western Electric Sound System)
Certification: Australia: G/Finland: S/Sweden: Btl/ UK: U/USA: Approved
Trivia(花絮): The story is set in 1903. The one million pound note at the time would be worth about $100，000，000 nowadays or ￡65，000，000. (more)
本文是一篇电影简介。文章对电影《百万英镑》的相关信息，如故事情节、演员等方面进行了简要介绍。
5．Mark Twain set the story The Million Pound Bank Note in the year ________．
A．1953. B．1903.
C．2002. D．1890.
6．The film The Million Pound Bank Note was made in________．
A．the UK B．the USA
C．Australia D．Finland
7．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase in the passage
A．Rely on. B．Look on.
C．Carry on. D．Take on.
8．The passage most probably appears in________．
A．a film poster B．a newspaper
C．a magazine D．a web page
B
A
A
D
细节理解题
细节理解题
词义猜测题
推理判断题
Welcome to Adventure land!
Everyone loves Adventure land! The Parks and Exhibitions were built for you to explore(探索), enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time
The Travel Pavilion
Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.
Visit the Amazon jungle(丛林) village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives, and things they make. You can try making a carpet, making nets, fishing...
The Future Tower
This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we'll be living then. Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!
The Nature Park
This is not really one park but several.
In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers: see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild.Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the Aviary to see...
The Pyramid
This is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping e here for information and ideas too.
9．The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors________．
A．realize the importance of travelling
B．learn something about different places in the world
C．learn how to make things such as fishing nets
D．become familiar with mountain countries
10．If you are interested in knowing about what people's life will be, you may visit________．
A．the Travel Pavilion
B．the Pyramid
C．the Safari Park
D．the Future Tower
11．If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go
A．The Pyramid.
B．The Nature Park.
C．The Future Tower.
D．The Travel Pavilion.
D
I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal, eggs and toast. Others had cakes and candy for lunch, while we had to eat a sandwich. As you can guess, my supper was different from the other kids'. But at least I was not alone in my suffering. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.
My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times. She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing. We had to wear clean clothes every day. Other kids always wore their clothes for days. We reached the height of disgrace because she made our clothes herself, just to save money.
The worst was yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and get up at 7：45 the next morning. So when my friends slept, my mother actually had the courage to break Child Labour Law. She made us work. I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us. Through the years, our friends' report cards had beautiful colors on them, black for passing, red for failing. My mother, however, would merely be content with black marks. None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout.
She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults. Using this as a background, I'm now trying to bring up my three children. I'm filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world.
12．From the passage we can learn that the writer's mother was________．
A．not generous at all B．very strict with her children
C．very mean with money matters D．very cruel to her children
13．Which of the following things did the writer hate to do most
A．Eating differently from other kids. B．Wearing clean clothes made by mother.
C．Going to bed early and getting up early. D．Letting mother know where they were.
14．It can be inferred from the passage that________．
A．the writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studies
B．mother was punished for breaking Child Labour Law
C．all the other kids studied better than the writer
D．the writer's family lived a miserable life
15．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A．Mother practised economy in running her home. B．The writer is very thankful to her mother.
C．The writer is severe with her children when bringing them up. D．The writer has a deep hatred for her mother.
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