2023中考英语总复习教材同步导学案(教师版)
Units 4~6
重点词汇
1. important (adj.) 重要的 → importance (n.) 重要性
2. luck (n.) 幸运;运气 →lucky (adj.) 幸运的 → unlucky (adj.) 不幸运的 → luckily ad(v.) 幸运地
3. beautiful (adj.) 美丽的;美好的 → beauty (n.) 美;美人
4. Australia (n.) 澳大利亚 →Australian (adj.) 澳大利亚的
5. south (adj.) 南方的 (n.) 南;南方 →southern (adj.) 南方的
6. Africa (n.) 非洲 →African (adj.) 非洲的
7. sleep (v.) & (n.) 睡觉 → sleepy (adj.) 疲倦的 → asleep (adj.) 入睡
8. shy (adj.) 羞怯的;腼腆的 → shyness (n.) 羞怯
9. danger (n.) 危险 → dangerous (adj.) 危险的
10. American (adj.) 美国的;美洲的 (n.) 美国人;美洲人 → America (n.) 美国
重点短语
1. be on time 准时
2. fight with …… 与某人打架
3. too many 太多…… (事 可数名词复数)
4. too much 太多…… (事 不可数名词)
5. much too 太…… (事 形容词)
6. leave sth. in 事 地点 留……在某处
7. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉 … 叫某人做某事
8. think about it 考虑它;想一下
9. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
10. be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
11. remember to do sth. 记住做某事
12. have fun doing 做某事开心
13. be from = come from 来自
14. forget to do 忘记做某事
15. get … be lost 迷路
16. be in great danger 处于危险
17. cut down 砍倒
18. more than 超过 … 多于
19. be made of… 由……制成
20. kill … for … 为了……杀死……
21. wish to do sth. 希望做某事
22. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
23. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
重点句型结构
1.This is a great school, but there are lot of rules.这是一所很棒的学校,但是有很多规则。
2.And we always have to wear the school uniform.并且我们总是不得不穿校服。
3.Don't listen to music in class.不要在课堂上听音乐。
4.Parents and schools make rules to help students. So students must follow the rules.父母和学校制定规则是为了帮助学生。因此学生必须遵守这些规则。
5.Don't arrive late for class. You must be on time.上课不要迟到。你一定要守时。
6.His mom and aunt are making Zongzi. His dad uncle are watching the boat races on TV.他的妈和阿姨在包粽子。他的爸爸和叔权正在看电上的龙舟比赛。
7.Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom's delicious zongzi.朱辉思念他的家人,渴吃到妈妈包的美味的粽子。
8.Zhu Hui likes New York and his host family a lot. but there's still“no place like home'”.朱辉非常喜欢纽约以及他的寄宿家庭,但是“千好万好还是不如自己的家好”。(金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。)
考点透析
考点1 辨析dress,put on ,wear与be in+颜色
And we always have to wear the school uniform.(p20)
词汇 意义及用法 例句
wear 表示穿这个状态,还可表示戴表(花、纪念章等)以及留头发或胡须等 She is wearing a red dress today. 她今天穿着红色的外套。He seldom wears a watch. 他很少戴表。
be in+颜色 表状态 The man in black is a football star.穿黑色衣服的那个人是一位足球明星。
put on “穿上,戴上”,表示穿衣这个动作,宾语是衣帽等,特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽。与to take off (脱去)意义相反。 Put your coat on when you go out. 当你出去时要穿上外套。
dress 后接人(表示动作)“给……穿衣服”。dress oneself 或 get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。be dressed in+衣服(表示状态) She dressed the baby every morning. 她每天早上给婴儿穿衣服。The little boy isn't old enough to dress himself.这孩子太小,还不能自已穿衣服。We must be dressed in uniform at school.在学校我们必须穿制服。
【考点连线】
1.【2021年重庆市(A卷)】52. 天冷时,请穿上暖和的衣服。(完成译句)
Please ________ ________ warm clothes when it’s cold.
【答案】 (1). put (2). on
【解析】穿上put on,用于祈使句中,使用动词原形,故填put;on。
2.【2020湖北武汉】—Which is your uncle
—The big man, smartly dressed _________a suit and tie.
A. on B. with C. for D.in
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。be dressed in+衣服(表示状态)句意:—哪个是你的叔叔?—那个身材魁梧的男人,穿着西装,打着领带。后接衣服,表示状态,用dressed in+衣服。故答案选D。
3.【2020湖南湘西】Look! The girl ___________red is helping an old man cross the road.
A. of B. on C. in
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词的用法。句意:看穿红衣服的女孩正在帮助一位老人过马路。in+颜色,介词短语作后置定语修饰the girl,故答案选C。
考点2辨析too many ,too much与much too
There are too many rules!(p23) 规矩太多了!
考点 意义及用法 示例
too many 意为“大多的”,中心词是many,后面跟可数名词复数 too many students太多的学生
too much 意为”大多的”,中心词是much后面跟不可数多词 too much work大多的工作
much too 意为”非常:大”,中心词是too后面形容词或副词 much too heavy太重
考点3. Keep的用法
At school, I have to wear a school uniform, and I must keep my hair short.(p24)
词性 意义及用法 例句
系动词,意为“保持 keep +adj.保持 I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep awake .我太困了,简直要睡着了。
作实义动词,意为“保持持续不断” keep +sb./sth.+adj.使某人/某物保持 Try your best to keep the children quiet.
你要尽量使孩子们保持安静。
keep sb./sth. doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事 The police keep the traffic moving.
警察使交通畅通无阻。
keep on doing sth.持续做某事 Why do you keep on looking at me like this 你为什么老是这样看着我
keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事 We should keep children from playing games too much.我们应防止孩子们过分玩游戏。
【考点连线】
1. 【2022黑龙江省牡丹江、鸡西地区】8. —When we are in danger, we should _________ .
— You are right. We must do it with thinking twice.
A. keep our cool B. let down C. kick off
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:——当我们处于危险中时,我们应该保持冷静。——你说得对。我们必须三思而后行。keep our cool保持冷静;let down使失望;kick off踢开,开球;根据“You are right. We must do it with thinking twice.”可知,处于危险中时要保持冷静,故选A。
2.【2021年江苏省淮安市】64. 我们最好不要对盲盒着迷,否则我们会不停地买。
We had better not __________ blind boxes, or we _________ them.
【答案】 ①. be crazy about ②. will keep on buying
【解析】be crazy about doing sth“痴迷于做某事”,had better是情态动词,后接动词原形;keep on doing sth“持续做某事”,buy“买”,分析句子可知,此处是含or的并列复合句,此处使用一般将来时,强调结果,所以使用will keep on buying 。故填be crazy about;will keep on buying。
3.【2021年十堰市】59. 老师经常告诉学生遇到紧急情况要保持冷静。
The students are often told _______________________ by teachers when facing emergencies.
【答案】to keep cool/to keep calm/to stay calm/to be calm
【解析】保持冷静keep cool/calm或stay/be calm,sb be told to do sth“某人被告知要做某事”,故填to keep cool/to keep calm/to stay calm/to be calm。
考点4. 辨析wish与hope
Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom’s delicious Zongzi.(p35) 朱辉想念他的家人,而且还希望吃到他妈妈做的美 味的粽子。
考点 意义 常用搭配
wish 后的从句常指难以实现的愿望 wish sb to do sth.希望某人做某事
hope 后的从句常表示可以实现的愿望 hope to do sth.希望做某事I hope (that) she likes the flowers. 我希望她喜欢这些花。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】13. —I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A. find out B. to find out C. finding out
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——我经常看电视上的脱口秀。——我喜欢看新闻。我希望了解世界各地发生了什么。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”,故选B。
2.【2022云南昆明】12. Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades on your new journey!
A. cutting B. to cut C. getting D. to get
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语。句意:男孩女孩们,祝你们好运,在新的征程上取得好成绩!wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”,是固定短语,用不定式作宾补,故选D。
3.【2022四川广元】4. The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:长城非常有名,许多旅行者都想去参观。固定短语wish to do sth“希望做某事”,故选C。
4.【2020天津】33. I’ve just watched a TV programme about space. I hope on the moon one day.
A. walk B. walked C. walking D. to walk
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。hope to do希望去做某事。
5.【2020 重庆市】6. They hope ________the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. to win D. winning
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们希望赢这场篮球比赛。句中谓语动词是hope,意为“希望”,常用于句型hope to do sth.“希望去做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式。故选C。
考点5 forget的用法
People say that “an elephant never forgets”. 人们说 “大象从不会忘事”。
用法 意义 例句
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事情 还没有做) Don’t forget to close the door. 不 要 忘 记 关 门 。 (门还没有关)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事情已经 做了) I forgot closing the door. 我忘记关了门。 (门已经 关了)
remember to do sth 表示“记住”将要做某事 Please remember to water the plants while I’m away. 我不在时,请记住浇花。
remember doing sth 表示“记得”曾经做过某事 She remembers seeing him there. 她记得曾在那儿见过他。
【重点拓展】 forget 可表示“忘记带某物”,当表示“把某物忘 在某处”时应用 leave, leave sth. at … in sp. 把某物遗忘 在某地。 如:
I leave my homework at home. 我把作业忘在家了。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省贵港】7. — Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.
— Don’t worry, mom. I will.
A. wear B. wears C. to wear D. wearing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——艾米,出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。——别担心,妈妈。我会的。forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”;forget doing sth“忘记做过某事”。根据“don’t forget...your mask (口罩) when you go out”可知,提醒不要忘记戴口罩,故选C。
2.【2022海南省】15. —Peter always remembers ________ the light off when he leaves the room.
—That’s great. It’s a good way to save energy.
A. shut B. shutting C. to shut
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——彼得离开房间时总是记得去关灯。——那太棒了。 这是节省能源的好方法。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”;remember doing sth.“记着已经做过的事”。根据“when he leaves the room.”可知,此处是指记得要去关灯,表示记得要做的事情。故选C。
3.【2022湖南省郴州】6. Remember ________ the light when you leave the classroom.
A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当你离开教室时,记得关灯。remember to do sth“记得做某事(还未做)”;remember doing sth“记得做某事(已做)”。结合语境可知关灯的动作还未发生,应用不定式,故选B。
4.【2022广西省玉林】6. —Safety comes first! Everyone should stop the kids from ________ in the lake or river.
—Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the school rules.
A. swim; to follow B. swim; following
C. swimming; following D. swimming; to follow
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——安全第一! 每个人都应该阻止孩子们在湖里或河里游泳。——生命是宝贵的。 孩子们必须记住遵守校规。stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”,动名词作宾语,排除AB;remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”,remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”;根据“Kids must remember...the school rules”可知是记得要遵守规则,故此处用动词不定式作宾语,排除C。故选D。
考点6 be made of 与 be made from区别
be made of 与 be made from 有区别:两者均表示“由…制成”,但前者通常表示在制成品中还看得出原材料,而后者则通常表示在制成品中看不出原材料:
The chair is made of wood. 这椅子是用木头做的。
Some paper is made from wood. 有些纸是用木头做的。
【考点连线】
1.【2021江苏镇江】2. All the cups over there are made ________ glass except the green one.
A. of B. in C. by D. with
【答案】A
【解析】句意:除了那个绿色的杯子,那边所有的杯子都是玻璃做的。
考查介词辨析。be made of用……制作;be made in在……制作;be made by被……制作;be made with用……制成。根据“All the cups over there are made…”可知,此处强调看得出原材料,用be made of,故选A。
2.【2021 山东枣庄市】45. The top of the house in the garden is made _________ _________ glass and it’s very beautiful.
花园里房子的屋顶是由玻璃做成的,它非常漂亮。
【答案】 (1). up (2). of
【解析】题中有两个空,“由……做成的”译为be made up of。故填up of。
考点7 辨析:other, the other, others 与 the others
词(组) 含义 用法
other 另外的 +复数名词,表示除去一部分以外的另一部分,但不是剩下的全部。
如果前面有any,则可与单数名词连用。
others 另一些 =other+复数名词,不修饰名词。表示除去一部分以后的另一些,但不是剩下的全部。
the other 两者中的另一个 +单数可数名词,常与one连用,构成one...,the other...。
两部分中的另外一部分 +复数名词,表示“其余的全部”。
the others 其余一些 =the other+名词,不修饰名词,表示“其余的全部”。
another 又一,再一 +单数名词,表示“又一,再一”。
另一个 既可单独使用,其后也可接名词。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省贺州】3. There are two apples on the table. One is red and ________ is green.
A. the other B. another C. others D. the others
【答案】A
【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意:桌子上有两个苹果。 一个是红色的,另一个是绿色的。the other指两者中的另一个,常用于“One...the other...”结构;another泛指另外一个,后跟可数名词单数;others复数,相当于other+名词复数,代指其他的人或物;the others= the other+名词复数。根据“One is red...”可知,此处符合“one...the other...”结构,意为“一个……另一个……”。故选A。
2.【2022内蒙古省包头】12. Some animals move from one place to ________ at certain times of the year.
A. another B. other C. the other D. others
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意:有些动物在一年中的特定时间从一个地方搬到另一个地方。 another三者及以上的另一个;other其他的;the other两者中的另一个;others其他人/物。根据“Some animals move from one place to...at certain times of the year.”可知,此处是从一个地方到另一个地方,不止两者,故选A。
3.【2021年长春市】13. My cousin keeps two pets. One is a lovely cat and ___________ is a beautiful bird.
A. other B. others C. the other D. another
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意:我表弟养了两只宠物。一只是可爱的猫,另一只是美丽的鸟。other其它的,后接复数名词;others其他的人或物;the other另一个(两者之间);another另一个(三者或三者以上)。根据“two pets”及“One”可知,此处指两者之中的另一个,故选C。
语法突破
考点一现在进行时
构成 用法 例句
am/is/are+ doing (动词现在分词) 表示说话时或目前正在进行的动作,也可以表示现阶段或一段时间内正在发生的事情,常与now,at present,at this moment,these days等连用。 She is washing her clothes.她正在洗她的衣服。They are studying hard this term.他们这学期学习一直很努力。
进行式可与always,usually, all the time等连用,表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感彩。 Our knowledge of the universe is growing all the time.我们对宇宙的了解一直在增长。Why are you always asking such a stupid question 你为什么经常问这样一个愚蠢的问题?
注意:当时间状语为now,these days等或当句子中含有look, listen, can you see, can’t you see之类的暗示词时,要使用现在进行时。
现在进行时巧学妙记
【考点连线】
1.【2022北京】7. The workers _________ the community center now.
A. cleaned B. were cleaning C. will clean D. are cleaning
【答案】D
【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:工人们现在正在打扫社区中心。根据“now”可知句子要用现在进行时,其结构是“be(am/is/are) doing”。故选D。
2.【2022江西】2. —Sssh! Be quiet. I’m on the phone.
—Who ________ you ________ to, mom
A. do, speak B. are, speaking C. will, speak D. have, spoken
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——嘘!保持安静。我在打电话。——妈妈,你正在跟谁说话?根据“I’m on the phone”可知,询问正在跟谁说话,用现在进行时be doing的结构,故选B。
3.【2022湖北黄冈】4. —Hello! May I speak to Kate
—Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-pong outside.
A. is playing B. plays C. played D. will play
【答案】A
【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:——你好!我可以和凯特说话吗?——对不起,她不在。她在外面打乒乓球。根据“Sorry, she isn’t in.”可知,阐述正在发生的事,用现在进行时,结构为“be+现在分词”。故选A。
4.【2022江苏泰州】5. COVID-19(新冠肺炎) ________ the world, and many people’s life changes a lot.
A. influenced B. is influencing C. is influenced D. was influenced
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:新冠肺炎正在影响世界,许多人的生活发生了很大变化。新冠肺炎影响世界是正在发生的,用现在进行时,故选B。
5.【2022辽宁省本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛】12. —Why is Kate absent from class
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A. was attending B. attended C. is attending D. attends
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——凯特为什么没来上课?——哦,她正在参加会议。根据“Why is Kate absent from class ”可知,凯特没上课是因为此时她正在参加一个会议,应用现在进行时,结构:be doing。故选C。
6.【2022湖南省郴州】5. — Is your father at home, Jill
— No. He ________ his car outside.
A. was washing B. will wash C. is washing
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——你父亲在家吗,吉尔?——不。他正在外面洗车。根据“Is your father at home, Jill ”可知此处是回答父亲正在做的事情,应用现在进行时,故选C。
7.【2022云南昆明】3. —China’s high-speed railway technology ________ the world now.
—That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A. led B. was leading C. is leading D. will lead
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:——中国的高速铁路技术目前处于世界领先地位。——这是真的。在过去几年中,它发展迅速。结合“now”可知,句子应用现在进行时,结构为an/is/are doing。故选C。
8.【2022内蒙古省包头】11. —You look pretty busy. What’s up
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A. prepare B. have prepared C. are preparing D. were preparing
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:——你看起来非常忙碌。怎么了?——我们正在准备这个星期五晚上的办公室聚会。大约有三十个人参加,我是组织者。根据“You look pretty busy”可知,句子表达正在忙碌的事情,用现在进行时,表达“准备”,动词用“are preparing”。故选C。
9.【2022山东省菏泽】23.—Nanjing Road is very crowded these days. —The workers ______ it. It is said that it _____soon.
A.repair;finishes
B.have repaired;will finish
C.are repairing;will be finished
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:—南京路这几天很拥挤。—工人们正在修理。据说很快就完工了。第一个空格是需要填入现在进行时,因为有时间标志词these days,第二个空格主语it指的就是Nanjing Road 和谓语动词repair之间是被动关系。而且soon表示是一般将来时。两个空格结合在一起C是正确答案。故答案选C。
10.【2022广西省梧州】8.—Wow! The music sounds wonderful!
—Yes. Jessie ________ the violin in the next room.
A. plays B. played C.is playing D. was playing
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——哇!音乐听起来很棒!——是的。 杰西正在隔壁房间拉小提琴。根据“Wow! The music sounds wonderful!”可知,拉小提琴的动作正在进行,需用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故选C。
考点二:祈使句
句式 示例
祈使句的肯定形式 (Please+)动词原形/be+其他 Speak a little more slowly, please! 请讲慢一点。Pour the milk into the blender! 将牛奶倒入搅拌器!
Let十宾语十动词原形十其他 Let's have another try.咱们再试一次吧!
祈使句的否定形式 Don’t+动词原形十其他 Don't arrive late for class.上课不要迟到。
Let+宾语十not十动词原形十其他 Let the boy not draw here.让那个男孩不要在这儿画画。
No+名词/动名词 No parking! 禁止停车!No litter! 禁止扔垃圾!
【考点连线】
1.【2022四川广元】5. — ______ silent, please! You are in the library.
—I’m sorry, madam.
A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping D. Kept
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:——请保持沉默!你在图书馆。——对不起,女士。根据“silent, please! ”可知此处是祈使句,祈使句句首用动词原形,故选A。
2.【2022四川省遂宁】4. —Sam, ________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous.
—Sorry, Ms. Black.
A. do B. don’t C. not D. doesn’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查祈使句的否定形式。句意:——萨姆,不要在走廊里跑。非常危险。——抱歉,布莱克女士。祈使句的否定结构:don’t+动词原形,故选B。
3.【2021年大连市】8. ________ at people when you talk. This is a polite way of communication in China.
A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Looked
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:说话的时候看着别人。在中国,这是一种礼貌的交流方式。
分析句子结构可知,此处是祈使句结构作主句部分,应用动词原形开头,故选A。
4.【2020湖北省咸宁】5.—My aim is to go to Wuhan University for further study.
—Work hard, ___________ you can make it.
A. if B. so C. and D. unless
【答案】C
【解析】考查“祈使句,and/or+陈述句”结构。句意:——我的目标是去武汉大学继续深造。——努力学习,那么你就会做到的。if如果;so所以;and并且;unless除非。分析句子可知,此处构成“祈使句,and/or+陈述句”结构,强调如果做到了祈使句表示的事情,就会有后面句子表示的结果,所以使用and。故选C。
5.【2020 凉山州】When I want to go out to play with my friends, my mother always says, “____________ at home. Don’t waste your time.”
A. Stay B. Stays C. To stay D. Staying
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:当我想和朋友一起出去玩时,妈妈总是说:“待在家里。 不要浪费时间。”stay 动词原形;stays 动词第三人称单数;to stay 动词不定式;staying 动名词/现在分词。根据语境,此处是表示命令、要求的句子,应用祈使句,动词原形开头。故选A。
考点三 情态动词must与have to辨析
情态动词 意义及用法 例句
must 表示义务、命令或必要,意为“必须”,强调主观看法;mustn’t 意为“一定不要;禁止” We must be on time for class.我们必须准时上课。You mustn’t smoke in the classroom. 你不得在教室里吸烟。
在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn't或don't have to。
have to 意为“不得不”,强调客观需要 We have to be quiet in the library.我们必须在图书馆里保持安静。
注意:must只用于谈论现在或将来;在谈论过去发生的事情用had to。
【考点连线】
1.【2022河北】6. —Do I have to hand in my report now
—Of course, you ________. We’re going to discuss it.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:——我必须现在交报告吗?——当然,你必须这样做。我们要讨论一下。can能;can’t不能;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“Do I have to hand in my report now ”可知,句中含有have to“不得不,必须”,此处为肯定回答,使用must。故选C。
2.【2022湖北武汉】12. —Alex, come down to play football.
—I can’t. Mom said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing anything else.
A. had to B. will C. used to D. can
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:——Alex,下来踢足球吧。——我不能去。妈妈说我在做其他事情之前必须先打扫我的卧室。 had to不得不;will将;used to do过去常常做某事;can能够。根据“Mom said I… clean my bedroom before doing anything else”可知,妈妈要求做其他事情之前必须先打扫卧室,故选A。
3.【2022辽宁省朝阳】5. —Dad, must I become a doctor like you when I finish university in the future
—No, you________. You can make your own decision and do whatever you like.
A. don’t have to B. can’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】考查must一般疑问句的回答。句意:——爸爸,我将来大学毕业后一定要像你一样当医生吗?——不,你不必这么做。你可以自己做决定,做任何你喜欢的事。must引导的一般疑问句否定回答为:No, you needn’t/don’t have to,所以A选项正确,故选A。
4.【2022江苏连云港】9. The public sign in the library means people ________ smoke there.
A. could B. must C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:图书馆的这个公共标志意味着人们不能在那里吸烟。 could可以;must必须;couldn’t不可以;mustn’t禁止。根据常识可知,图片这个标志是禁止吸烟,故选D。
5.【2022江苏宿迁】7. —All of us ________ follow the traffic rules when going out.
—Exactly! Safety comes first.
A. might B. must C. may D. could
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意:——外出时,我们所有人都必须遵守交通规则。 ——确实!安全第一。might可能;must必须;may可能;could可能。根据“All of us … follow the traffic rules when going out”可知,此处指必须遵守交通规则,故选B。
6.【2022江苏省无锡】5. We should learn some basic life skills since we ________ depend on ourselves some day.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:既然有一天我们必须要依靠自己,我们就应该学习一些基本的生活技能。can可以;can’t不会,不可以;must必须;mustn’t不能,不可以。根据“depend on ourselves some day”可知将来有一天我们必须要依靠自己。“必须”用情态动词must。故选C。
7.【2022江苏省徐州】11. —Can we play games here
—Better not. If you ________, please go to the open space there.
A. must B. can C. may D. will
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:——我们可以在这里玩游戏吗?——最好不要。如果必须的话,请去那里的空地。must必须;can能够;may可以;will将要。根据“Better not.”可推测,此处是指如果一定要玩,到那边的空地去。must“必须”符合语境。故选A。
8.【2022湖北省荆州】4. —Mike, I can’t stop playing computer games.
—For your eyes, my dear friend, I’m afraid you ________ .
A. could B. may C. would D. have to
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:——Mike,我不能停止玩电脑游戏。——为了你的眼睛,我亲爱的朋友,我恐怕你不得不停止玩电脑游戏。could能够;may可能;would会;have to不得不。根据“For your eyes”可知为了你的眼睛,你不得不停下来。故选D。
9.【2022贵州省毕节】3.Students ________ play with fire in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous.
A.mustn’t B.must C.couldn’t D.could
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意:学生们不得在教室里玩火。这很危险。mustn’t禁止;must必须;couldn’t不能;could可以。根据“It’s quite dangerous.”和常识可知,学生在教室里应是禁止玩火。故选A。
10【2022广西省河池】10.As we know, sixteen-year-olds ________ drive a car in our country.
A.must B.could C.mustn’t D.couldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:众所周知,在我国,16岁的人是不许开车的。must必须,一定;could可能,可以;mustn’t不许,不可以,表禁止;couldn’t不能够。根据“sixteen-year-olds”和“drive a car in our country”可知,16岁的人是不许驾车的。凡是法律法规不许做的事,都是明令禁止的,需要用mustn’t表禁止。故选C。
句子主语在句首,am, is, are跟在后;
现在分词跟着走,其他成分不可丢;
表示动作正进行,句中now时间定;
一般疑问很简单,be动词提到前;
否定句式要注意,be后只把not添。
172023中考英语总复习教材同步导学案(学生版)
Units 4~6
重点词汇
1. important (adj.) 重要的 → importance (n.) 重要性
2. luck (n.) 幸运;运气 →lucky (adj.) 幸运的 → unlucky (adj.) 不幸运的 → luckily ad(v.) 幸运地
3. beautiful (adj.) 美丽的;美好的 → beauty (n.) 美;美人
4. Australia (n.) 澳大利亚 →Australian (adj.) 澳大利亚的
5. south (adj.) 南方的 (n.) 南;南方 →southern (adj.) 南方的
6. Africa (n.) 非洲 →African (adj.) 非洲的
7. sleep (v.) & (n.) 睡觉 → sleepy (adj.) 疲倦的 → asleep (adj.) 入睡
8. shy (adj.) 羞怯的;腼腆的 → shyness (n.) 羞怯
9. danger (n.) 危险 → dangerous (adj.) 危险的
10. American (adj.) 美国的;美洲的 (n.) 美国人;美洲人 → America (n.) 美国
重点短语
1. be on time 准时
2. fight with …… 与某人打架
3. too many 太多…… (事 可数名词复数)
4. too much 太多…… (事 不可数名词)
5. much too 太…… (事 形容词)
6. leave sth. in 事 地点 留……在某处
7. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉 … 叫某人做某事
8. think about it 考虑它;想一下
9. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
10. be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
11. remember to do sth. 记住做某事
12. have fun doing 做某事开心
13. be from = come from 来自
14. forget to do 忘记做某事
15. get … be lost 迷路
16. be in great danger 处于危险
17. cut down 砍倒
18. more than 超过 … 多于
19. be made of… 由……制成
20. kill … for … 为了……杀死……
21. wish to do sth. 希望做某事
22. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
23. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
重点句型结构
1.This is a great school, but there are lot of rules.这是一所很棒的学校,但是有很多规则。
2.And we always have to wear the school uniform.并且我们总是不得不穿校服。
3.Don't listen to music in class.不要在课堂上听音乐。
4.Parents and schools make rules to help students. So students must follow the rules.父母和学校制定规则是为了帮助学生。因此学生必须遵守这些规则。
5.Don't arrive late for class. You must be on time.上课不要迟到。你一定要守时。
6.His mom and aunt are making Zongzi. His dad uncle are watching the boat races on TV.他的妈和阿姨在包粽子。他的爸爸和叔权正在看电上的龙舟比赛。
7.Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom's delicious zongzi.朱辉思念他的家人,渴吃到妈妈包的美味的粽子。
8.Zhu Hui likes New York and his host family a lot. but there's still“no place like home'”.朱辉非常喜欢纽约以及他的寄宿家庭,但是“千好万好还是不如自己的家好”。(金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。)
考点透析
考点1 辨析dress,put on ,wear与be in+颜色
And we always have to wear the school uniform.(p20)
词汇 意义及用法 例句
wear 表示穿这个状态,还可表示戴表(花、纪念章等)以及留头发或胡须等 She is wearing a red dress today. 她今天穿着红色的外套。He seldom wears a watch. 他很少戴表。
be in+颜色 表状态 The man in black is a football star.穿黑色衣服的那个人是一位足球明星。
put on “穿上,戴上”,表示穿衣这个动作,宾语是衣帽等,特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽。与to take off (脱去)意义相反。 Put your coat on when you go out. 当你出去时要穿上外套。
dress 后接人(表示动作)“给……穿衣服”。dress oneself 或 get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。be dressed in+衣服(表示状态) She dressed the baby every morning. 她每天早上给婴儿穿衣服。The little boy isn't old enough to dress himself.这孩子太小,还不能自已穿衣服。We must be dressed in uniform at school.在学校我们必须穿制服。
【考点连线】
1.【2021年重庆市(A卷)】52. 天冷时,请穿上暖和的衣服。(完成译句)
Please ________ ________ warm clothes when it’s cold.
2.【2020湖北武汉】—Which is your uncle
—The big man, smartly dressed _________a suit and tie.
A. on B. with C. for D.in
3.【2020湖南湘西】Look! The girl ___________red is helping an old man cross the road.
A. of B. on C. in
考点2辨析too many ,too much与much too
There are too many rules!(p23) 规矩太多了!
考点 意义及用法 示例
too many 意为“大多的”,中心词是many,后面跟可数名词复数 too many students太多的学生
too much 意为”大多的”,中心词是much后面跟不可数多词 too much work大多的工作
much too 意为”非常:大”,中心词是too后面形容词或副词 much too heavy太重
考点3. Keep的用法
At school, I have to wear a school uniform, and I must keep my hair short.(p24)
词性 意义及用法 例句
系动词,意为“保持 keep +adj.保持 I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep awake .我太困了,简直要睡着了。
作实义动词,意为“保持持续不断” keep +sb./sth.+adj.使某人/某物保持 Try your best to keep the children quiet.
你要尽量使孩子们保持安静。
keep sb./sth. doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事 The police keep the traffic moving.
警察使交通畅通无阻。
keep on doing sth.持续做某事 Why do you keep on looking at me like this 你为什么老是这样看着我
keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事 We should keep children from playing games too much.我们应防止孩子们过分玩游戏。
【考点连线】
1. 【2022黑龙江省牡丹江、鸡西地区】8. —When we are in danger, we should _________ .
— You are right. We must do it with thinking twice.
A. keep our cool B. let down C. kick off
2.【2021年江苏省淮安市】64. 我们最好不要对盲盒着迷,否则我们会不停地买。
We had better not __________ blind boxes, or we _________ them.
3.【2021年十堰市】59. 老师经常告诉学生遇到紧急情况要保持冷静。
The students are often told _______________________ by teachers when facing emergencies.
考点4. 辨析wish与hope
Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom’s delicious Zongzi.(p35) 朱辉想念他的家人,而且还希望吃到他妈妈做的美 味的粽子。
考点 意义 常用搭配
wish 后的从句常指难以实现的愿望 wish sb to do sth.希望某人做某事
hope 后的从句常表示可以实现的愿望 hope to do sth.希望做某事I hope (that) she likes the flowers. 我希望她喜欢这些花。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】13. —I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A. find out B. to find out C. finding out
2.【2022云南昆明】12. Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades on your new journey!
A. cutting B. to cut C. getting D. to get
3.【2022四川广元】4. The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
4.【2020天津】33. I’ve just watched a TV programme about space. I hope on the moon one day.
A. walk B. walked C. walking D. to walk
5.【2020 重庆市】6. They hope ________the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. to win D. winning
考点5 forget的用法
People say that “an elephant never forgets”. 人们说 “大象从不会忘事”。
用法 意义 例句
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事情 还没有做) Don’t forget to close the door. 不 要 忘 记 关 门 。 (门还没有关)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事情已经 做了) I forgot closing the door. 我忘记关了门。 (门已经 关了)
remember to do sth 表示“记住”将要做某事 Please remember to water the plants while I’m away. 我不在时,请记住浇花。
remember doing sth 表示“记得”曾经做过某事 She remembers seeing him there. 她记得曾在那儿见过他。
【重点拓展】 forget 可表示“忘记带某物”,当表示“把某物忘 在某处”时应用 leave, leave sth. at … in sp. 把某物遗忘 在某地。 如:
I leave my homework at home. 我把作业忘在家了。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省贵港】7. — Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.
— Don’t worry, mom. I will.
A. wear B. wears C. to wear D. wearing
2.【2022海南省】15. —Peter always remembers ________ the light off when he leaves the room.
—That’s great. It’s a good way to save energy.
A. shut B. shutting C. to shut
3.【2022湖南省郴州】6. Remember ________ the light when you leave the classroom.
A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off
4.【2022广西省玉林】6. —Safety comes first! Everyone should stop the kids from ________ in the lake or river.
—Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the school rules.
A. swim; to follow B. swim; following
C. swimming; following D. swimming; to follow
考点6 be made of 与 be made from区别
be made of 与 be made from 有区别:两者均表示“由…制成”,但前者通常表示在制成品中还看得出原材料,而后者则通常表示在制成品中看不出原材料:
The chair is made of wood. 这椅子是用木头做的。
Some paper is made from wood. 有些纸是用木头做的。
【考点连线】
1.【2021江苏镇江】2. All the cups over there are made ________ glass except the green one.
A. of B. in C. by D. with
2.【2021 山东枣庄市】45. 花园里房子的屋顶是由玻璃做成的,它非常漂亮。
The top of the house in the garden is made _________ _________ glass and it’s very beautiful.
考点7 辨析:other, the other, others 与 the others
词(组) 含义 用法
other 另外的 +复数名词,表示除去一部分以外的另一部分,但不是剩下的全部。
如果前面有any,则可与单数名词连用。
others 另一些 =other+复数名词,不修饰名词。表示除去一部分以后的另一些,但不是剩下的全部。
the other 两者中的另一个 +单数可数名词,常与one连用,构成one...,the other...。
两部分中的另外一部分 +复数名词,表示“其余的全部”。
the others 其余一些 =the other+名词,不修饰名词,表示“其余的全部”。
another 又一,再一 +单数名词,表示“又一,再一”。
另一个 既可单独使用,其后也可接名词。
【考点连线】
1.【2022广西省贺州】3. There are two apples on the table. One is red and ________ is green.
A. the other B. another C. others D. the others
2.【2022内蒙古省包头】12. Some animals move from one place to ________ at certain times of the year.
A. another B. other C. the other D. others
3.【2021年长春市】13. My cousin keeps two pets. One is a lovely cat and ___________ is a beautiful bird.
A. other B. others C. the other D. another
语法突破
考点一现在进行时
构成 用法 例句
am/is/are+ doing (动词现在分词) 表示说话时或目前正在进行的动作,也可以表示现阶段或一段时间内正在发生的事情,常与now,at present,at this moment,these days等连用。 She is washing her clothes.她正在洗她的衣服。They are studying hard this term.他们这学期学习一直很努力。
进行式可与always,usually, all the time等连用,表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感彩。 Our knowledge of the universe is growing all the time.我们对宇宙的了解一直在增长。Why are you always asking such a stupid question 你为什么经常问这样一个愚蠢的问题?
注意:当时间状语为now,these days等或当句子中含有look, listen, can you see, can’t you see之类的暗示词时,要使用现在进行时。
现在进行时巧学妙记
【考点连线】
1.【2022北京】7. The workers _________ the community center now.
A. cleaned B. were cleaning C. will clean D. are cleaning
2.【2022江西】2. —Sssh! Be quiet. I’m on the phone.
—Who ________ you ________ to, mom
A. do, speak B. are, speaking C. will, speak D. have, spoken
3.【2022湖北黄冈】4. —Hello! May I speak to Kate
—Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-pong outside.
A. is playing B. plays C. played D. will play
4.【2022江苏泰州】5. COVID-19(新冠肺炎) ________ the world, and many people’s life changes a lot.
A. influenced B. is influencing C. is influenced D. was influenced
5.【2022辽宁省本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛】12. —Why is Kate absent from class
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A. was attending B. attended C. is attending D. attends
6.【2022湖南省郴州】5. — Is your father at home, Jill
— No. He ________ his car outside.
A. was washing B. will wash C. is washing
7.【2022云南昆明】3. —China’s high-speed railway technology ________ the world now.
—That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A. led B. was leading C. is leading D. will lead
8.【2022内蒙古省包头】11. —You look pretty busy. What’s up
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A. prepare B. have prepared C. are preparing D. were preparing
9.【2022山东省菏泽】23.—Nanjing Road is very crowded these days. —The workers ______ it. It is said that it _____soon.
A.repair;finishes
B.have repaired;will finish
C.are repairing;will be finished
10.【2022广西省梧州】8.—Wow! The music sounds wonderful!
—Yes. Jessie ________ the violin in the next room.
A. plays B. played C.is playing D. was playing
考点二:祈使句
句式 示例
祈使句的肯定形式 (Please+)动词原形/be+其他 Speak a little more slowly, please! 请讲慢一点。Pour the milk into the blender! 将牛奶倒入搅拌器!
Let十宾语十动词原形十其他 Let's have another try.咱们再试一次吧!
祈使句的否定形式 Don’t+动词原形十其他 Don't arrive late for class.上课不要迟到。
Let+宾语十not十动词原形十其他 Let the boy not draw here.让那个男孩不要在这儿画画。
No+名词/动名词 No parking! 禁止停车!No litter! 禁止扔垃圾!
【考点连线】
1.【2022四川广元】5. — ______ silent, please! You are in the library.
—I’m sorry, madam.
A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping D. Kept
2.【2022四川省遂宁】4. —Sam, ________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous.
—Sorry, Ms. Black.
A. do B. don’t C. not D. doesn’t
3.【2021年大连市】8. ________ at people when you talk. This is a polite way of communication in China.
A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Looked
4.【2020湖北省咸宁】5.—My aim is to go to Wuhan University for further study.
—Work hard, ___________ you can make it.
A. if B. so C. and D. unless
5.【2020 凉山州】When I want to go out to play with my friends, my mother always says, “____________ at home. Don’t waste your time.”
A. Stay B. Stays C. To stay D. Staying
考点三 情态动词must与have to辨析
情态动词 意义及用法 例句
must 表示义务、命令或必要,意为“必须”,强调主观看法;mustn’t 意为“一定不要;禁止” We must be on time for class.我们必须准时上课。You mustn’t smoke in the classroom. 你不得在教室里吸烟。
在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn't或don't have to。
have to 意为“不得不”,强调客观需要 We have to be quiet in the library.我们必须在图书馆里保持安静。
注意:must只用于谈论现在或将来;在谈论过去发生的事情用had to。
【考点连线】
1.【2022河北】6. —Do I have to hand in my report now
—Of course, you ________. We’re going to discuss it.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
2.【2022湖北武汉】12. —Alex, come down to play football.
—I can’t. Mom said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing anything else.
A. had to B. will C. used to D. can
3.【2022辽宁省朝阳】5. —Dad, must I become a doctor like you when I finish university in the future
—No, you________. You can make your own decision and do whatever you like.
A. don’t have to B. can’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
4.【2022江苏连云港】9. The public sign in the library means people ________ smoke there.
A. could B. must C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
5.【2022江苏宿迁】7. —All of us ________ follow the traffic rules when going out.
—Exactly! Safety comes first.
A. might B. must C. may D. could
6.【2022江苏省无锡】5. We should learn some basic life skills since we ________ depend on ourselves some day.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
7.【2022江苏省徐州】11. —Can we play games here
—Better not. If you ________, please go to the open space there.
A. must B. can C. may D. will
8.【2022湖北省荆州】4. —Mike, I can’t stop playing computer games.
—For your eyes, my dear friend, I’m afraid you ________ .
A. could B. may C. would D. have to
9.【2022贵州省毕节】3.Students ________ play with fire in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous.
A.mustn’t B.must C.couldn’t D.could
10【2022广西省河池】10.As we know, sixteen-year-olds ________ drive a car in our country.
A.must B.could C.mustn’t D.couldn’t
句子主语在句首,am, is, are跟在后;
现在分词跟着走,其他成分不可丢;
表示动作正进行,句中now时间定;
一般疑问很简单,be动词提到前;
否定句式要注意,be后只把not添。
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