2023中考英语总复习教材同步导学案（学生版）
Units 10~12
重点词汇
1.popular (adj.) 受欢迎的；普遍的 → popularity (n.) 普 及；流行
2.feed (v.) 喂养；饲养 → fed (过去式)
3.farmer (n.) 农民；农场主 → farm (n.) 农场
4.grow (v.) 种植；生长；发育 → grew (过去式)
5.worry (v.) ＆ (n.) 担心；担忧 →worried (adj.) 担心的
6.exciting (adj.) 使人兴奋的； 令人激动的 → excite (v.) 使……兴奋 → excited (adj.) 兴奋的
7.cheap (adj.) 廉价的；便宜的 → cheaply (adv.) 便宜地
8.slow (adj.) 缓慢的；迟缓的 → slowly (adv.) 慢慢地
9.natural (adj.) 自然的 → nature (n.) 大自然
10.visitor (n.) 游客；访问者 → visit (v.) 参观；拜访
11.tired (adj.) 疲倦的；疲惫的 → tiring (adj.) 累人的
12.surprise (n.) 惊奇；惊讶 (v.) 使吃惊 → surprise时 (adj.) 感 到惊讶的 → surprising (adj.) 使人惊讶的
重点短语
1.the number of … ……的数量
2.cut up 切碎
3.bring good luck to … 给……带来好运
4.be short of 缺少；缺乏
5.would like sth. 想要某物
6.would like to do sth. 想要做某事
7.all in all 总的说来
8.show…around 带领……参观
9.not… at all 根本不……
10.run away 跑开
11.shout at… 冲……大声叫嚷
12.shout to… 对……大声喊叫put up 搭起；举起
13.up and down 上上下下;起伏
14.wake … up 把……弄醒
15.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
16.start doing/ to do sth. 开始做某事
17.feel sb. …sth. doing sth. 感觉某人 … 某物正在做某事
重点句型结构
1.The guide taught us how to make a model robot.导游教我们如何制作一个模型机器人。
2.That’s why it’s important to learn a second language. 那就是为什么学一门外语重要啦。
3.When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 我们向帐篷外望去时，看见一条 大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。
考点透析
考点1 The number of的用法
The number of candles is the person’s age.蜡烛的 数量是过生日的人的年龄。
【重点讲解】 the number of … 表示“……的数量”，后接可数 名词的复数形式。 此短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数 形式。 如：
I don’t know the number of the books in the library. 我不知道图书馆里书籍的数量。
The number of people in the village is 3,000. 村庄 里人的数量是 3,000。
【重点拓展】 a number of 意为“许多的；若干的”，相当于 a lot of, many，后接可数名词的复数形式。 此短语修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 如：
There are a number of wild animals in the mountain.山里有许多野生动物。
A number of students in our school enjoy reading. 我们学校里许多同学喜欢阅读
【考点连线】
1．【2021四川遂宁】2. The number of the whales ________ smaller and smaller because of human activities now.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
2.【2020江苏连云港】12.___________ famous Chinese songs, such as The Love Song of Kangding and Jasmine Flowers, were sung during the concert.
A. A number of B. The number of C. A great deal D. a great deal of
考点2 辨析：many，much；a few，few，a little，little
Yeah，but I may be a little late.(Unit 9p50)
用法 许多 有一些／点(表肯定) 几乎没有(表否定)
修饰可数名词 many A few few
修饰不可数名词 much A little little
【考点连线】
1.【2022湖南省郴州】2. —Hurry up, or we will miss the school bus.
—Don’t worry. We have ________ time.
A. few B. little C. a little
2.【2022四川泸州】2. Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second. We have ________ time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
3.【2020江苏无锡】8.— What do we know about the next Olympic Games
— Very ________. The only news is that they won’t cancel it.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
4.【2020 四川凉山中考】—Susan, there is ___________ rice and ___________ noodles at home. Will you go shopping with me
—Sorry, I have to wait for the postman.
A. little; few B. few; little C. a few; little D. few; a little
5.【2020 贵州省黔东南州中考】There is ________milk in the fridge, is there
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
考点3 see sb. … sth. doing sth.结构
When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 我们向帐篷外望去时，看见一条 大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。
结构 意义 例句
see sth./从句 表示“看到”；“明白，理解” She laughed when she saw the expression on his face. 看到他脸上的表情，她笑了。I don’t see what you mean. 我不懂你的意思。
see +疑问词+to do sth. We often write down a word in order to see how to spell it.为弄清一个单词的拼写,我们常把单词写下来。
see sb. …do sth. 表示“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程. 若 see 变为被动语态，则其后的不定式必须带 to。 I often see her play ping-pong on the playground. 我经常看见她在操场上打乒乓球。He was seen to fall.有人看见他摔倒。
see sb. … sth. doing sth. 表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行 I saw her playing the piano. 我看见她正在弹钢琴I saw a dog lying on the floor. 我看见一只狗正躺 在地板上。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江龙东地区】11. I saw Lily ________ when I passed her room.
A. dance B. dancing C. to dance
2.【2021山东枣庄】44. 但是当我们从山顶返回山脚下的时候，我们在花园里看到熊猫兴奋地跑向饲养员了。
But when we went back to the foot of the mountain, we saw pandas ________ _______ to the keepers with excitement in the garden.
考点4 感叹句
What an interesting job they have! 他们的工作多么 有趣啊!
感叹句通常由what或how开头，表示惊讶、赞美、喜悦、愤怒等情感。它的结构是这样的：
以what开头 What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！ What a beautiful birthday present! 多美的生日礼物啊！
What+形容词+可数名词的复数（+主语+谓语）！ What interesting stories! 多么有趣的故事啊！
What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ What fine weather it is! 多么好的天气啊！
以how开头 How+形容词或副词（+主语+谓语）！ How beautiful (a girl) she is! 她是多么美丽的一个女孩！How happily the children are playing! 孩子们玩得多高兴呀！
How+主语+谓语！
【考点连线】
1.【2022重庆市 A卷】7. _________ a fresh spring morning it is!
A. Who B. Why C. What D. How
2.【2022海南省】16. — ________ beautiful poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night is!
—So it is! Du Fu showed his care for farmers in the poem.
A. How B. What a C. What
3.【2022云南昆明】11. —Shenzhou XIV carried three Chinese astronauts into space successfully.
—Wow, ________ exciting news! We are so proud.
A. what B. what a C. what an D. how
4.【2022四川达州】12. —Gu Ailing ________ her dream and won two gold medals in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
—___________excellent girl!
A. achieved; How B. came true; How C. achieved; What an D. came true; What an
5.【2022四川广元】7. —Have you watched Wang Yaping’s science lecture (讲座) from China’s space station
—Yes. ______ interesting it is!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
6.【2022辽宁省朝阳】9. ________ fast technology has progressed over the years!
A. What B. What a C. How D. What an
7.【2022辽宁省盘锦】7. Listen! My grandpa is playing erhu. ________ beautiful music it is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. What an
8.【2022江苏宿迁】4. ________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.
A. What B. How a C. How D. What a
9. 【2022辽宁省营口】10. Listen! _______ news report Betty is giving! Everyone likes it very much.
A. How boring B. How wonderful C. What a wonderful D. What a boring
10.【2022广西省玉林】2. — China is becoming stronger and stronger. More and more foreign people are learning Chinese.
—________ proud we are! We don’t regret being Chinese.
A. What a B. How C. What D. How a
11. 【2022广西省梧州】10.—We picked apples on the farm and had fun yesterday.
—________ wonderful day it was!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
12.【2022贵州黔东南州】11. —_________ crowded Zhenyuan was during holidays!
—Luckily, to solve the problem, the government has provided visitors with a lot of parking convenience since three years ago.
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
13.【2022贵州省铜仁】7．—Maria, we will graduate in a week.
—______! We should keep in touch.
A．How time fly B．What time fly C．How time flies D．What time flies
14.【2022广西省贵港】10. —________ wonderful the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics is!
—So it is.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
15.【2022山东省滨州】10. —________ exciting speech our headmaster gave just now!
—Yeah, it was really an inspiration to us all.
A. How B. What C. How an D. What an
考点5 so…that…与so that的辨析
But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我太累了， 所以早早就睡着了。
结构 意义及用法 例句
so … that… 意为“如此，以至于”，引导结果状语从句 She was so busy that she ha时 no time to rest. 她是如此的忙，以至于她没有时间休息。
so that … 意为“以便，为了”引导目的状语从句 Be quick! So that you can be on time for the class. 为了你能准时上学，请快点儿。
【注意】so … that … 后跟一个否定句时可以与 too … to … (太……而不能)结构互相转换。 如：
He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他年龄 太小了而不能去上学。
【考点连线】
1.【2022四川成都】9. Mary has learned a lot about the history of Sichuan _______ she can be a tour guide.
A. even if B. as soon as C. so that
2.【2022四川省自贡】9. —This math exercise is ________ difficult ________ I can’t work it out.
—Come on! Use your head and you will find a way.
A. such; that B. so; which C. so; that
3.【2022黑龙江绥化】16. —The big stone is ________ heavy ________ I can’t carry it alone.
—Don’t worry. I will help you.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to
4.【2021年江苏省宿迁市】5. Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A. so that B. when C. till D. after
5.【2021四川遂宁】6. Our headmaster asks us to watch news every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world.
A. so that B. even though C. in order to D. instead of
6.【2020 山东滨州市 】—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
7.【2020湖南郴州】3.We should protect the environment ________ we can make a better world to live in.
A so that B. even though C. as soon as
8.【2020湖南岳阳】4.The movie Nezha is__________ educational ________ I want to see it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
9【2021年重庆市(A卷)】53. 重庆如此美丽, 以至于每年都有成千上万的人来参观。（完成译句）
Chongqing is ________ beautiful ________ thousands of tourists visit it every year.
10.【2021年重庆市（B卷）】53. 地震后，医护人员工作太忙，没有得到充分的休息。（完成译句）
After the earthquake, doctors and nurses were ________ busy ________ take enough rest.
语法突破
考点一一般过去时
构成 用法 例句
主语+was/ were或动词的过去式) 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, a few days ago, just now, in 1980等时间状语连用 My sister finished high school two weeks ago.我的姐姐两周前高中毕业了。
表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作 He missed his parents so much and he often felt lonely and unhappy.他很想念他的父母，并且他经常感到孤独和难过。
一般过去时巧学妙记
【考点连线】
1.【2022吉林省】4. —Helen, why didn’t you come to the party yesterday
—Oh, I ________ for the speech competition.
A. prepares B. prepared C. will prepare
2.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】11. WangYaping, the female（女性的）Chinese space walker, ________ her first space walk in November, 2021.
A. has begun B. begins C. began
3.【2022江苏省徐州】9. —Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A. has he left B. was he leaving C. did he leave D. will he leave
4.【2022湖北省江汉油田、潜江、天门、仙桃】11. Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A. misses B. missed C. was missing D. has missed
5.【2022黑龙江省牡丹江、鸡西地区】2. —Mike is from America but speaks perfect Chinese.
—So he does. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ college.
A. is attending B. has attended C. attended
动词一般过去时，过去时间做标记；
表示过去发生事，谓语要用过去式；
否定句很简单，主语之后didn't添；
疑问构成也简单，主语前面did添；
还有一点不能忘，后面谓语现原形。
172023中考英语总复习教材同步导学案（教师版）
Units 10~12
重点词汇
1.popular (adj.) 受欢迎的；普遍的 → popularity (n.) 普 及；流行
2.feed (v.) 喂养；饲养 → fed (过去式)
3.farmer (n.) 农民；农场主 → farm (n.) 农场
4.grow (v.) 种植；生长；发育 → grew (过去式)
5.worry (v.) ＆ (n.) 担心；担忧 →worried (adj.) 担心的
6.exciting (adj.) 使人兴奋的； 令人激动的 → excite (v.) 使……兴奋 → excited (adj.) 兴奋的
7.cheap (adj.) 廉价的；便宜的 → cheaply (adv.) 便宜地
8.slow (adj.) 缓慢的；迟缓的 → slowly (adv.) 慢慢地
9.natural (adj.) 自然的 → nature (n.) 大自然
10.visitor (n.) 游客；访问者 → visit (v.) 参观；拜访
11.tired (adj.) 疲倦的；疲惫的 → tiring (adj.) 累人的
12.surprise (n.) 惊奇；惊讶 (v.) 使吃惊 → surprise时 (adj.) 感 到惊讶的 → surprising (adj.) 使人惊讶的
重点短语
1.the number of … ……的数量
2.cut up 切碎
3.bring good luck to … 给……带来好运
4.be short of 缺少；缺乏
5.would like sth. 想要某物
6.would like to do sth. 想要做某事
7.all in all 总的说来
8.show…around 带领……参观
9.not… at all 根本不……
10.run away 跑开
11.shout at… 冲……大声叫嚷
12.shout to… 对……大声喊叫put up 搭起；举起
13.up and down 上上下下;起伏
14.wake … up 把……弄醒
15.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
16.start doing/ to do sth. 开始做某事
17.feel sb. …sth. doing sth. 感觉某人 … 某物正在做某事
重点句型结构
1.The guide taught us how to make a model robot.导游教我们如何制作一个模型机器人。
2.That’s why it’s important to learn a second language. 那就是为什么学一门外语重要啦。
3.When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 我们向帐篷外望去时，看见一条 大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。
考点透析
考点1 The number of的用法
The number of candles is the person’s age.蜡烛的 数量是过生日的人的年龄。
【重点讲解】 the number of … 表示“……的数量”，后接可数 名词的复数形式。 此短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数 形式。 如：
I don’t know the number of the books in the library. 我不知道图书馆里书籍的数量。
The number of people in the village is 3,000. 村庄 里人的数量是 3,000。
【重点拓展】 a number of 意为“许多的；若干的”，相当于 a lot of, many，后接可数名词的复数形式。 此短语修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 如：
There are a number of wild animals in the mountain.山里有许多野生动物。
A number of students in our school enjoy reading. 我们学校里许多同学喜欢阅读
【考点连线】
1．【2021四川遂宁】2. The number of the whales ________ smaller and smaller because of human activities now.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：由于现今人类的活动，鲸鱼的数量越来越少。was/were是，be动词的过去式；is是，be动词单数形式；are是，be动词复数形式；由“now”可知，句子应用一般现在时，排除A/B选项；the number of+复数名词表示“……的数量”，谓语动词要用单数形式，be动词应用is，故选C。
2.【2020江苏连云港】12.___________ famous Chinese songs, such as The Love Song of Kangding and Jasmine Flowers, were sung during the concert.
A. A number of B. The number of C. A great deal D. a great deal of
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词短语。句意：音乐会期间唱了许多著名的中国歌曲，如《康定情歌》和《茉莉花》。A number of一些，后接可数名词或不可数名词；The number of ……的数量，动词用三单形式；A great deal大量，后不接名词；a great deal of大量的，后接不可数名词。根据后面的were可知，此处不是表达“……的数量”，故排除B；根据句意及后面的such as The Love Song of Kangding and Jasmine Flowers可知，空处是表达“大量的”；根据空后的songs可知，空处应该用修饰可数名词的a number of。故选A。
考点2 辨析：many，much；a few，few，a little，little
Yeah，but I may be a little late.(Unit 9p50)
用法 许多 有一些／点(表肯定) 几乎没有(表否定)
修饰可数名词 many A few few
修饰不可数名词 much A little little
【考点连线】
1.【2022湖南省郴州】2. —Hurry up, or we will miss the school bus.
—Don’t worry. We have ________ time.
A. few B. little C. a little
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——快点，否则我们就错过校车了。——不要担心。我们还有时间。few没有多少，修饰可数名词；little没有多少，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。time是不可数名词，排除A选项。根据“Don’t worry”可知，还有时间，所以告诉对方别担心，此空应填表示肯定意义的代词，故选C。
2.【2022四川泸州】2. Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second. We have ________ time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：快点，苏梅！毕业典礼马上就要开始了。我们剩下的时间不多了。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。空后“time”表示“时间”，不可数名词，排除选项A和B；根据前两句“Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second.”可知毕业典礼就要开始了，没有多少时间了，所以这里用little表示“否定含义”。故选C。
3.【2020江苏无锡】8.— What do we know about the next Olympic Games
— Very ________. The only news is that they won’t cancel it.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：——关于下一届奥运会，我们能知道的消息有多少？ ——很少。唯一的消息是他们不会取消。a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a little一些，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据The only news is that they won’t cancel it可知，空格处表否定形式，A、C选项可排除。news为不可数名词，故应用little，故选D。
4.【2020 四川凉山中考】—Susan, there is ___________ rice and ___________ noodles at home. Will you go shopping with me
—Sorry, I have to wait for the postman.
A. little; few B. few; little C. a few; little D. few; a little
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——苏珊，家里几乎没有米饭和面条了。你愿意和我一起去购物吗？——对不起，我得等邮递员。考查不定代词。little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a few几个，修饰可数名词复数；根据句意理解可知，第一空修饰是rice，是一个不可数名词，所以应该用a little或者little，而第二空修饰的是noodles，是复数名词，所以应该用a few或者few，再由后句Will you go shopping with me 可知，这里表达的是“几乎没有”，所以应该用little和few修饰，故选A。
5.【2020 贵州省黔东南州中考】There is ________milk in the fridge, is there
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
【答案】C
【解析】句意：冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了，是吗？考查代词辨析。few很少，后跟可数名词；a few一些，几个，后跟可数名词；little几乎没有，很少，后跟不可数名词；a little一点，后跟不可数名词。little和few强调少，表示否定的含义；a little和a few强调有一些，表示肯定的含义。空格后的milk是不可数名词，且本句是反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，由后一句“is there”可知，前半句是否定句形式，故选C。
考点3 see sb. … sth. doing sth.结构
When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 我们向帐篷外望去时，看见一条 大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。
结构 意义 例句
see sth./从句 表示“看到”；“明白，理解” She laughed when she saw the expression on his face. 看到他脸上的表情，她笑了。I don’t see what you mean. 我不懂你的意思。
see +疑问词+to do sth. We often write down a word in order to see how to spell it.为弄清一个单词的拼写,我们常把单词写下来。
see sb. …do sth. 表示“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程. 若 see 变为被动语态，则其后的不定式必须带 to。 I often see her play ping-pong on the playground. 我经常看见她在操场上打乒乓球。He was seen to fall.有人看见他摔倒。
see sb. … sth. doing sth. 表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行 I saw her playing the piano. 我看见她正在弹钢琴I saw a dog lying on the floor. 我看见一只狗正躺 在地板上。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江龙东地区】11. I saw Lily ________ when I passed her room.
A. dance B. dancing C. to dance
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我经过她的房间时，我看到莉莉在跳舞。see sb. do sth.“看见某人做了某事”；see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。根据“when I passed her room.”可知，此处是指看到莉莉正在跳舞。故选B。
2.【2021山东枣庄】44. But when we went back to the foot of the mountain, we saw pandas ________ _______ to the keepers with excitement in the garden.
但是当我们从山顶返回山脚下的时候，我们在花园里看到熊猫兴奋地跑向饲养员了。
【答案】 (1). running (2). over
【解析】跑向某人run over to sb.。根据“But when we went back to the foot of the mountain”可是在返回山脚下的时候看到熊猫正跑向饲养员，see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事，此处用run的现在分词形式running，在句中作宾语补足语。故填running over。
考点4 感叹句
What an interesting job they have! 他们的工作多么 有趣啊!
感叹句通常由what或how开头，表示惊讶、赞美、喜悦、愤怒等情感。它的结构是这样的：
以what开头 What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！ What a beautiful birthday present! 多美的生日礼物啊！
What+形容词+可数名词的复数（+主语+谓语）！ What interesting stories! 多么有趣的故事啊！
What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ What fine weather it is! 多么好的天气啊！
以how开头 How+形容词或副词（+主语+谓语）！ How beautiful (a girl) she is! 她是多么美丽的一个女孩！How happily the children are playing! 孩子们玩得多高兴呀！
How+主语+谓语！
【考点连线】
1.【2022重庆市 A卷】7. _________ a fresh spring morning it is!
A. Who B. Why C. What D. How
【答案】C
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：这是一个多么清新的春天的早晨啊！who谁；why为什么；what多么；how多么。根据“a fresh spring morning it is!”可知，这是一个感叹句，此处用what引导的感叹句结构：what +a+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主谓，故选C。
2.【2022海南省】16. — ________ beautiful poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night is!
—So it is! Du Fu showed his care for farmers in the poem.
A. How B. What a C. What
【答案】B
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——多么优美的诗句《春夜喜雨》啊！——原来如此！ 杜甫在诗中表达了对农民的关怀。中心词“poem”是名词，用what引导，可排除A选项；且“poem”是名词单数形式，需用“a”修饰，符合“What +a+形容词+名词+主谓”结构。故选B。
3.【2022云南昆明】11. —Shenzhou XIV carried three Chinese astronauts into space successfully.
—Wow, ________ exciting news! We are so proud.
A. what B. what a C. what an D. how
【答案】A
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——神舟十四号成功地将三名中国宇航员送入太空。——哇，多么令人兴奋的消息！我们非常自豪。感叹句中心词是不可数名词news，符合“What+adj+不可数名词+主谓”的结构，故选A。
4.【2022四川达州】12. —Gu Ailing ________ her dream and won two gold medals in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
—___________excellent girl!
A. achieved; How B. came true; How C. achieved; What an D. came true; What an
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词和感叹句。句意：——谷爱凌实现了她的梦想，在2022年冬奥会上赢得了两枚金牌。——多么棒的女孩！achieved实现，主语是人；came true成真，主语是物（梦想）。“what”引导感叹句结构是“what +a/an 形容词+名词+主语+谓语动词”。“how” 引导感叹句结构是“how +形容词/副词+主语+谓语动词”。根据“Gu Ailing”可知主语是人，第一空表达实现梦想，用动词“achieved”。根据“girl”可知是可数名词，“excellent”是元音音素开始的单词，用“what an”引导感叹句。故选C。
5.【2022四川广元】7. —Have you watched Wang Yaping’s science lecture (讲座) from China’s space station
—Yes. ______ interesting it is!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——你看过王亚平在中国空间站的科学演讲吗？——是的。多么有趣啊！
根据题干可知，本句是感叹句，且中心词“interesting”是形容词，需用how来引导，构成“How+形容词+主谓”结构。故选A。
6.【2022辽宁省朝阳】9. ________ fast technology has progressed over the years!
A. What B. What a C. How D. What an
【答案】C
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：这些年来，技术进步得多快啊！此句的中心词为fast，是副词，符合结构：How+副词+主谓。故选C。
7.【2022辽宁省盘锦】7. Listen! My grandpa is playing erhu. ________ beautiful music it is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. What an
【答案】A
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：听！我爷爷在拉二胡。多么美妙的音乐啊！what引导的感叹句，修饰的中心词是名词；how引导的感叹句，修饰的中心词是形容词或副词。本句“beautiful music”是不可数名词，故用what引导感叹句，结构是：what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓。故选A。
8.【2022江苏宿迁】4. ________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.
A. What B. How a C. How D. What a
【答案】D
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：基蒂是一个多么聪明的女孩啊！她可以想出一些有创意的方法来完成这个项目。句子是感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词girl，符合结构“What+a/an+adj+单数名词+主谓!”。故选D。
9. 【2022辽宁省营口】10. Listen! _______ news report Betty is giving! Everyone likes it very much.
A. How boring B. How wonderful C. What a wonderful D. What a boring
【答案】C
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：听！贝蒂的新闻报道真精彩！中心词news report是名词，此处用what引导的感叹句。由后一句Everyone likes it very much.可知是精彩的，故选C。
10.【2022广西省玉林】2. — China is becoming stronger and stronger. More and more foreign people are learning Chinese.
—________ proud we are! We don’t regret being Chinese.
A. What a B. How C. What D. How a
【答案】B
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——中国变得越来越强大。 越来越多的外国人在学汉语。 ——我们多么骄傲啊！我们不后悔自己是中国人。中心词proud是形容词，此处用how引导的感叹句：how+形容词+主谓，故选B。
11. 【2022广西省梧州】10.—We picked apples on the farm and had fun yesterday.
—________ wonderful day it was!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】D
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——我们昨天在农场摘苹果玩得很开心。——多么美好的一天啊！感叹句的中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：What +冠词+形容词+可数名词+主语+谓语动词！故选D。
12.【2022贵州黔东南州】11. —_________ crowded Zhenyuan was during holidays!
—Luckily, to solve the problem, the government has provided visitors with a lot of parking convenience since three years ago.
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
【答案】B
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——镇远在假期里是多么拥挤啊！——幸运的是，为了解决这个问题，政府从三年前开始就为游客提供了很多停车便利。中心词crowded是形容词，用how引导的感叹句结构：how+形容词+主谓，故选B。
13.【2022贵州省铜仁】7．—Maria, we will graduate in a week.
—______! We should keep in touch.
A．How time fly B．What time fly C．How time flies D．What time flies
【答案】C
【解析】考查how引导的感叹句。句意：——Maria，我们一周后将毕业。——时间过得真快。我们应该保持联系。此处“how”引导的感叹句结构是“how+主语+谓语”。“How time flies”表示“时间飞逝”，感叹时间过的快。故选C。
14.【2022广西省贵港】10. —________ wonderful the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics is!
—So it is.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
【答案】B
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：——北京冬奥会的开幕真是太棒了！——确实如此。根据“…wonderful the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics is!”可知，此处为感叹句，使用“How+形容词+主谓！”，the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics为主语，is作谓语。故选B。
15.【2022山东省滨州】10. —________ exciting speech our headmaster gave just now!
—Yeah, it was really an inspiration to us all.
A. How B. What C. How an D. What an
【答案】D
【解析】考查感叹句结构。句意：——我们校长刚才发表了多么激动人心的演讲啊！——是的，这对我们所有人都是一种鼓舞。中心词speech是可数名词单数形式，且exciting是以元音音素开头的，所以用what引导感叹句，结构为：what +a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主谓，故选D。
考点5 so…that…与so that的辨析
But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我太累了， 所以早早就睡着了。
结构 意义及用法 例句
so … that… 意为“如此，以至于”，引导结果状语从句 She was so busy that she ha时 no time to rest. 她是如此的忙，以至于她没有时间休息。
so that … 意为“以便，为了”引导目的状语从句 Be quick! So that you can be on time for the class. 为了你能准时上学，请快点儿。
【注意】so … that … 后跟一个否定句时可以与 too … to … (太……而不能)结构互相转换。 如：
He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他年龄 太小了而不能去上学。
【考点连线】
1.【2022四川成都】9. Mary has learned a lot about the history of Sichuan _______ she can be a tour guide.
A. even if B. as soon as C. so that
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。句意：玛丽了解了很多关于四川的历史，这样她就能当导游了。even if即使；as soon as一……就；so that以便，为了；了解四川历史的目的是为了当导游，故此处用so that引导目的状语从句，故选C。
2.【2022四川省自贡】9. —This math exercise is ________ difficult ________ I can’t work it out.
—Come on! Use your head and you will find a way.
A. such; that B. so; which C. so; that
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。句意：——这道数学题如此的难以至于我计算不出来。——加油。动动脑，你会找到一种方法来解题的。表达“如此……以至于”可用“such+名词/名词短语+that+从句”或“so+形容词/副词+that+从句”。“difficult”是形容词，表达“如此难以至于”用“so difficult that”。故选C。
3.【2022黑龙江绥化】16. —The big stone is ________ heavy ________ I can’t carry it alone.
—Don’t worry. I will help you.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to
【答案】B
【解析】考查结果状语从句的连词。句意：——这块大石头太重了，我一个人搬不动。——别担心。我会帮助你的。such...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，中心词是名词；so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，中心词是形容词或副词； too...to...“太……而不能”，后接短语；根据“I can’t carry it alone”可知，此处应用连词连接，排除C选项；句子中心词强调的是“heavy”，是形容词，应用so...that...，故选B。
4.【2021年江苏省宿迁市】5. Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A. so that B. when C. till D. after
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：玛丽刚才关上了窗户，以便把昆虫挡在外面。so that为了；when当……时；till直到；after在……之后；根据空格前后句可知，关窗户的目的是挡住昆虫，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
5.【2021四川遂宁】6. Our headmaster asks us to watch news every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world.
A. so that B. even though C. in order to D. instead of
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词。句意：我们的校长要求我们每天看新闻，这样我们就可以了解世界各地的情况。so that为了；even though尽管；in order to为了，后接短语或单词；instead of代替；“we can find out what’s going on around the world.”是前句的目的，且空格后是句子，应用so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
6.【2020 山东滨州市 】—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
【答案】A
【解析】考查so that引导的目的状语从句。句意：——我觉得我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办？——在课堂上更加活跃，以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力。so that以便，引导目的状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；or或者，表并列；although尽管，引导让步状语从句。分析句子可知，此处表示“在课堂上更加活跃，以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力”，强调目的，故选A。
7.【2020湖南郴州】3.We should protect the environment ________ we can make a better world to live in.
A so that B. even though C. as soon as
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词。句意：我们应该保护环境，这样我们才能创造一个更好居住的世界。
A. so that以便、结果；B. even though即使；C. as soon as一……就……。根据句意可知，空格处应填入so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
8.【2020湖南岳阳】4.The movie Nezha is__________ educational ________ I want to see it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：《哪吒》这部电影是如此的有教育意义以至于我想再看一遍。
so…that和such…that都是“如此……以至于……”的意思，so后修饰形容词或副词，句型是so+形容词或副词+that从句；such后修饰名词，句型是：such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句或such+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+that从句；too…to这一结构意为“太……以至于不能……”，后面跟动词原形，题目中第二个空后是句子，因此C不对；第一个空后educational是形容词，应用so…that结构，故选A。
9【2021年重庆市(A卷)】53. 重庆如此美丽, 以至于每年都有成千上万的人来参观。（完成译句）
Chongqing is ________ beautiful ________ thousands of tourists visit it every year.
【答案】 (1). so (2). that
【解析】如此……以至于……so/such…that…，beautiful是形容词，用so修饰，故填so；that。
10.【2021年重庆市（B卷）】53. 地震后，医护人员工作太忙，没有得到充分的休息。（完成译句）
After the earthquake, doctors and nurses were ________ busy ________ take enough rest.
【答案】 (1). too (2). to
【解析】空处表示“太……而不能……”，用“too…to…”结构表示，故填too；to。
语法突破
考点一一般过去时
构成 用法 例句
主语+was/ were或动词的过去式) 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, a few days ago, just now, in 1980等时间状语连用 My sister finished high school two weeks ago.我的姐姐两周前高中毕业了。
表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作 He missed his parents so much and he often felt lonely and unhappy.他很想念他的父母，并且他经常感到孤独和难过。
一般过去时巧学妙记
【考点连线】
1.【2022吉林省】4. —Helen, why didn’t you come to the party yesterday
—Oh, I ________ for the speech competition.
A. prepares B. prepared C. will prepare
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——Helen，你昨天为什么没有来参加派对？——哦，我在准备演讲比赛。根据问句“didn’t”可知，答语用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。
2.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】11. WangYaping, the female（女性的）Chinese space walker, ________ her first space walk in November, 2021.
A. has begun B. begins C. began
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：中国女太空行走者王亚平于2021年11月开始了她的首次太空行走。根据“ in November, 2021.”可知动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故选C。
3.【2022江苏省徐州】9. —Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A. has he left B. was he leaving C. did he leave D. will he leave
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——Daniel去北京出差了。——哦，我不知道。他什么时候离开的？根据“Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.”可知，“离开”的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，疑问句借助于助动词did，故选C。
4.【2022湖北省江汉油田、潜江、天门、仙桃】11. Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A. misses B. missed C. was missing D. has missed
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：李雷上周五错过了校车。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式missed。故选B。
5.【2022黑龙江省牡丹江、鸡西地区】2. —Mike is from America but speaks perfect Chinese.
—So he does. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ college.
A. is attending B. has attended C. attended
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：——迈克来自美国，但能说一口流利的中文。 ——是的。自从上大学以来，他就自学中文。 since后用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故选C。
动词一般过去时，过去时间做标记；
表示过去发生事，谓语要用过去式；
否定句很简单，主语之后didn't添；
疑问构成也简单，主语前面did添；
还有一点不能忘，后面谓语现原形。
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