人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land Grammar-名词性从句课件（31张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
Noun Clause
What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.
Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.
The fact that Dr. Yuan dedicated all his life to agriculture touched us.
表语从句
宾语从句
The solution was that farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.
同位语从句
主语
主语从句
名词性从句
名词性从句的引导词：
that (无意义；但不省)
if、whether (不充当句子成分，只起连接作用, “是否”)
as if , as though、because(多用于表语从句)
who/whoever、 what/whatever、 which/whichever 、 whom 、whose
作主/宾/表/定
When/whenever、 where/wherever、how/however 、why.
作状语
从属连词
连接代词
连接副词
1)That she left him hurt him so much.
2)Whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
3) What concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
4) Whoever solves the puzzle can receive the award.
5) When these wheat farmers will join this pilot experiment remains an unanswered question.
6) How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
在句子里担当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
Observe and analyze
that只起引导作用，无意义，但不省。
1. _______ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
2. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. (安徽卷)
3. Every year, _________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the kite Festival.（北京卷）
4. _________Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public. （江苏卷）
5._____ he had an important conference to attend the next morning occurred to him. (湖北卷)
Where
Have a try
That
whether
What
whoever
= It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
Ⅱ.用it 作形式主语的常见结构：
It is clear/obvious that
It is likely that
当主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。常有以下句型：
①It be + 形容词+that…
常用于该句型的形容词有 clear, obvious, natural, likely, possible, necessary etc.
① _____________________（很清楚）charges vary according to size.
② ______________(有可能)the driver won’t pick you up at the airport.
②It be + 名词（词组）+that…
常用于该句型的名词（词组）有 a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder
Ⅱ.用it 作形式主语的常见结构：
① ___________(是个遗憾)your parents didn’t permit you to go with us.
② _________________(难怪)you’ve achieved such a great success.
Ⅱ.用it 作形式主语的常见结构：
It is estimated that
（ should ） be
Tip 1
当过去分词表示建议，要求，命令等词时，名词性从句应该用虚拟语气，即 (should) do
③It be + 过去分词+that…
常用于该句型的过去分词有said, believed, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested, hoped etc.
1._______________________(据估计) about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains.
2.It is suggested that the work ______________ done with great care.
④It +不及物动词（短语）+that…
常用于该句型的不及物动词（短语）有
seem, turn out, happen, appear , occur
It occurred to me that
It turned out that
It happened that
① ___________________(我突然想起)how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
②__________________ （结果是）our assumption was wrong.
③_________________（碰巧）he was out that day.
据说明年高一学生要学新教材.
事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.
3. 碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.
4. 众所周知, 好的身体是第一财富.
It was a fact that they finished all the work by themselves.
It happened that they had had their military training.
It is well-known that good health is the first wealth.
= What is well-known is that good health is the first wealth.
5. 我们应该养成好的学习习惯，这很重要.
It is said that the senior students will learn the new textbook next year.
Application:
It is important that we (should) form a good habit of studying.
1. (2018·天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.
2. (2017·天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
3. (四川卷)Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
4. (山东卷)We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know whether she’ll accept it.
5. We were surprised that he lost the game.
在句子里担当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句常位于及物动词、动词短语、介词、表语形容词之后。
Observe and analyze
此类表语形容词有:
afraid、pleased、happy
satisfied anxious sure etc
We have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life clear.
英语有句尾重心的原则
I consider that we should learn English well necessary.
宾语
宾补
consider、 find、 think、 feel 、make、take等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语 it ,宾语从句放到宾补之后
We have made it clear that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life.
I consider it necessary that we should learn English well
it不能漏
从句后移
用it 作形式宾语的常见结构：
I just took that he would always be here for granted.
I just _____________________that he would always be here.
2. She has _________________everyone should write a composition. (讲清楚了)
3. 我们觉得互相帮助是我们的责任.
We ___________________we should help each other.
4. 如果你能考虑我的申请，我将感激不尽。
I’d ______________ if you could take my application into consideration.
5. 我确保你不在的时候好好照顾他。(see to )
I shall ____________he is taken good care of when you are absent.　
took it for granted
made it clear that
feel it our duty that
see to it that
appreciate it
Application:
在句子里担当表语的从句叫做表语从句，表语从句常位于系动词后面。
Observe and analyze
Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in
food or water.
2. The question is whether we can finish the experiment by Friday.
3. What John Snow was determined to find out was why the cholera outbreak was so severe.
4. The exact places Snow marked on the map were where all the dead people had lived.
that只起引导作用，无意义，但不省。
表语从句不用 if
It seemed as if all the theories were useful.
From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about 70 percent of its surface is covered by water.　
That was how they won the match.
This is why she got up so early this morning.
●这是因为…
●这就是…的原因
●这就是…的方法
其他连接词引导的表语从句
◆ This is because…
◆ This is why …
◆ This is how….
He was absent from the meeting. That’s the fact.
Is he a student That’s my question.
When will we leave for the Island That’s what I want to know.
Whom must our education serve That’s the most important.
The fact is that he was absent from the meeting.
My question is whether he is a student. 从句一律陈述语序
What I want to know is when we’ll leave for the Island.
The most important is whom our education must serve.
标点符号
Combine each pair of sentences
☆What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
☆ I have no idea whether he agrees to the plan or not.
☆ I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
☆ When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
Observe and analyze
在句子里担当同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，说明该名词的具体内容。
Explain the noun
分隔式同位语从句
分隔式同位语从句
被修饰词常有:
fact, news, hope, opinion, order, question, problem, belief, truth, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, promise, rumor, fear, thought, suggestion, plan, idea, information......
1.We were excited at the news. Our football team had won a third match .
We were excited at the news that our football team had won a third match.
2. They have made a new plan. Another experiment building will be put up beside the library.
They have made a new plan that another experiment building will be put up beside the library.
3. They had the question. Could he pass the final exam
They had the question whether he could pass the final exam.
4. Who did the damaged computer belong to No one had any idea.
No one had any idea who the damaged computer belonged to.
Combine each pair of sentences
Group 1:
The fact that the young man had been a prisoner astonished her .
The fact that was unbelievable astonished her.
Group 2:
We were excited about the news (that) he had told us.
We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.
Further thinking：同位语从句与定语从句区别：
1
1.定语从句对先行词起_________的作用；
同位语从句具体说明它_________的作用。
2
2 . that在定语从句中_______句子的成分;
that在同位语从句中________成分，但_______省略。
修饰限制
补充说明
担任
不担任
不可以
Whether he will help us tackle the problem is doubtful.
Ⅲ.使用名词性从句的注意事项 ：
一、语序
二、 主谓一致
① When we shall have our sports meeting _______ not been decided.
② What astronauts need in the spaceship _______oxygen.
③What the children in the area starve for ________ books.
has
is
are
Tip 2
主语从句要用陈述句语序。
Tip3:
单个从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数。但what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词应和表语的名词一致。
④When they will start and where they will go _______not been decided yet.
⑤When and where the meeting will begin _____not been decided yet .
have
has
Ⅲ.使用名词性从句的注意事项 ：
Tip4:
由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语，谓语动词用复数。
Tip4 :
由两个或两个以上连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。
下列情况只能用whether
1.Whether the meeting will be given is a problem.
——当主语从句位于句首时，只用whether
2.The problem is whether the meeting will be given.
3.I have no idea whether the meeting will be given.
——引导表从，同位语从句时
4. It depends on whether she will come.
——介词后只用whether;
5. I don’t know whether he is lying or not.
——“whether … or not “
三、 whether/if 在名词性从句中的区别
用法 whether if
引导不位于句首的主语从句
引导位于句首的主语从句
引导表语从句、同位语从句
作介词的宾语
直接与or not 连用
Predicting the ending
√
√
√
√
√
√
×
×
×
×
whether 与if 引导名词性从句
连接词
1.从属连词
2.连接代词
3.连接副词
Noun
clause
类型和功能
1.主语从句 （主语）
2.宾语从句 （宾语）
3.表语从句 （表语）
4.同位语从句 （同位语）
注意事项
1.陈述语序
2.主谓一致
3. whether/ if 区别
Summarize
Definition: 名词或名词短语可以在句中充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语。当这些名词或名词短语由一个句子替代时，就是名词性从句。名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。根据在句中不同的语法功能，可以分为四类。
1.[2020.全国Ⅱ卷] It’s been reported __________76% employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
2. (2019全国卷Ⅰ)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
3. (2018全国卷Ⅲ)I’m not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
4. [2020.江苏卷] It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
5. [2019.全国Ⅰ卷] _______ you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
6. (2020全国新高考I）Write a poem about ________ courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
7. (2020·北京)So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face, and that is _________I never forget a name.
that
whether
What
how
Consolidation:
that
who
why
1. __________________ (据报道) the murderer was shot to death on the scene.
2. What doctors doubt is ________________________ (是否会苏醒过来) from this serious disease or not.
3. ________________________________________(袁隆平院士的去世) made the whole country depressed.
4. There is still a great chance_______________________________(我们能够弥补失去的时间).
5. Some experts demanded strongly that children _____________________________（offer）for sleep and play.(给与足够的时间)
6. The reason why he has a heart attack is ______________________ (一直工作)the whole day without a rest.
It is reported that
That Dr. Yuan Longping passed away
Consolidation:
whether he could recover
should be offered enough time
that he has been working
that we could make up for the lost time
It was reported ______ there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning. No one saw ______ on earth happened then. A car ran into a truck but fortunately, nobody got injured. ______ is responsible for the accident is still under investigation. The police are uncertain about ______ the driver is guilty. ______the police should do now is ______they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was difficult for them to judge because ______ the accident happened was not clear.
Perhaps the reason was ______ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time. The driver didn't admit the fact ______ he was driving too fast at the turning. The police doubted ________ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
Consolidation:
that
what
Who
whether
What
that
how
that
that
whether
Thank you