课件60张PPT。专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致“特殊句式”包括强调句、倒装句、感叹句、省略句和反意疑问句等。从近几年的高考试题看,单独考查特殊句式和主谓一致的题目很少,试题的测试经常呈交叉性,许多知识点都是嫁接在一起考查,这种交叉性的考查加大了综合考查语法的力度。同时由于该部分内容相对庞杂,学习时要注意梳理知识结构,抓住考点的位移规律。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致专题考点聚焦
·倒装·
考点一 全部倒装
把谓语全部提到主语前面,叫全部倒装。
1.以here,there,out,in,up,down,away等副词开头,谓语动词多为be,come,go等,则须用全部倒装。
2.以then,now,thus开头,谓语动词多为come,follow,begin,end,be等,主语又是名词(词组),则用全部倒装(若主语是代词,则不能倒装)。
3.当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be,come,sit,live,stand,lie,exist等时,常用全部倒装。
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致4.such作表语,置于句首,表示“这样的人/事物;上述的人/事物”时,常用全部倒装。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致考点二 部分倒装
只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面,叫部分倒装。1.以so,nor,neither开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容,须部分倒装,且此句的谓语应与前句的谓语在时态、形式上一致。但“so+主语+do”结构则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定,它的主语与上文的主语相同,so相当于indeed,certainly。
2.在以never,seldom,not only,rarely,scarcely,in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句中用部分倒装。
3.only置于句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时用部分倒装。
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致4.在so…that,such…that句型中,当so,such引导的结构置于句首时须用部分倒装。
5.在hardly…when,no sooner…than,not until句型中,主句须部分倒装。
6.as引导的让步状语从句结构为:形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。
7.在省略了if的虚拟条件句中,were,had或should置于句首,部分倒装。
8.however,no matter how引导的让步状语从句须部分倒装。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致 ·强调句型·
考点一 强调句式的基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分.
it是引导词,强调的内容可以是句子的主语、宾语、状语。如果被强调的部分是人,that 可用who代替,其他情况一律用that。
考点二 含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式:It wasn't until…that+句子的其余部分.
考点三 强调句的一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分.
考点四 变式强调句型:It must/may/might be…that…;Can/Could it be…that…?专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致如:It might be his father that you're thinking of.
Could it be Tom that is making the noise?
注意:it除了作为强调句的结构词外,其形式主语、形式宾语及其指代用法也要引起足够的重视。it指代时间时,常考的一些句型结构:
①It is (about/high) time+that从句.(从句用should do/did)
②It is/has been+some time+since从句.(从句用一般过去时)(注意从句中延续性动词意义为否定)专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致③It/This is the first/second…time+that从句.(必须使用现在完成时)(这是某人第……次做了某事)
④It was+时间点+when从句.
⑤It was/will be some time+before从句.专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致 ·感叹句及其他·
考点一 “祈使句+陈述句 ”句型
1.and, then, and then 意思是“就,那么,才”,表示按照祈使句说的去做,会产生顺应的结果。
2.or, or else, otherwise 意思是“否则,要不,不然的话”,表示不按照祈使句说的去做,则会产生相反的结 果。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致考点二 感叹句
1.what式感叹句
①What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
②What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!
③What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!
2.how式感叹句
①How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
②How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致考点三 there be句式
1.there be句式中的be可以有不同的时态,而且可以和助动词或情态动词连用。如:
There have been many great changes in our country since then.
There must be a mistake somewhere.
2.there be句式中的be有时可用seem to be,appear to be,happen to be,used to be,have to be,be expected to be等替代。
3.there be句式中的be可用remain,live,stand, lie,exist等不及物动词替代。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致4.there be句式有时可用于非谓语动词中,有两种形式:there being和there to be。
①there being在句中通常作原因状语、主语或用在介词或某些动词后作宾语。如:
There being no further business,I declared the meeting closed.
I can't imagine there being such a quiet place here.
②there to be在句中通常作某些动词的宾语。如:
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致5.用于组成特殊句式。
①There is no use/point/sense (in) doing…做某事没用或没意义。如:
There is no point (in) worrying about it.
②There is no doubt about…/There is no doubt that…毫无疑问……。如:
There is no doubt that she has told the truth.
③There is no need for…/There is no need to do…没有必要……。如:
There is no need to hurry,is there?专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致·主谓一致·
考点一 名词作主语时的主谓一致
名词作主语时,谓语动词与主语的单复数须保持一 致。
1.单复数同形的名词作主语,其谓语动词应根据名词的具体内容决定单复数。如:
Every means has been tried.每种方法都试过了。
These means are out of date.这些方法是过时的。
2.含all,most,half,rest等的名词词组作主语,所指的内容是复数意义时,谓语动词用复数;反之,用单 数。如:专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致All of my classmates work hard.我所有的同学学习都很努力。
All of the water is up now.现在所有的水都用光了。
3.在主谓倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.在两扇窗户之间挂着一幅画。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致考点二 含有连接词的主谓一致
含有连接词的主谓一致是指对主语起连接作用的词会影响主语与谓语动词的一致关系。
1.用and或both…and连接并列主语,其内容是复数的,谓语动词用复数。若and连接的两个单数主语指同一个人、同一物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。如:
The teacher and writer has already come to the meeting.这位教师兼作家已经来开会了。
Both my brother and my sister are workers.我的哥哥和姐姐都是工人。
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致2.主语后面接连接性词或短语时,这种结构并不影响主语和谓语的关系,即谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。此类连接性词或短语有as well as,as much as,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等。
3.以or,either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also…等词连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的数应与就近的名词或代词的数一致。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致考点三 不定量词修饰名词作主语时的主谓一致
不定量词修饰名词作主语时的主谓一致主要是指不同的不定量词修饰名词作主语时,其谓语动词也将随之变 化,与主语保持一致。
1.a(great)number of,many,a few修饰可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
2.a little,much,a great deal of,a large amount of修饰不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
3.(large)quantities of修饰可数名词或不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致4.“the number of+复数名词”“the amount of+不可数名词”“the quantity of+可数名词复数/不可数名词”等短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。专
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读返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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1.[2013·湖北卷] So fast ________________________ that we can hardly imagine its speed.(travel)
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。[答案] does light travel返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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2.[2012·湖北卷] Little ________________________ what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.(care)
她不在乎外表,她在乎的是自己的工作表现。[答案] does she care (about)返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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3.[2012·湖北卷] I don't know ___________ ___________ in the novel that made him burst into tears.(what)
我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。[答案] what it was返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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4.[2011·湖北卷变式] Not until two days after the earthquake________________________ her mother alive.(find)
直到地震后两天她才发现妈妈仍旧活着。[答案] did she find返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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5.[2011·湖北卷变式] ________________________call me when you arrive.Just come up to my house.I'll be at home all day.(there)
你到达时不必给我打电话,直接来房间里,我一整天都在家。[答案] There is/will be no need to返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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6.[2011·湖北卷变式] ____________________ ____that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(occur)
他突然想到第二天要参加一个重要的会议。[答案] It occurred to him返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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7.[2011·湖北卷变式] ________________________ and you'll find the purple one is softer.(compare)
比较这两把牙刷,你就会发现这把紫色的更柔软些。[答案] Compare these/the two tooth brushes返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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8.[2010·湖北卷变式] Only if people of all the countries are united ________________________the existing problems in the world.(solve)
只有所有国家的人们团结起来,我们才能解决世界上存在着的问题。[答案] will we be able to solve/can we solve返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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9.[2008·湖北卷变式] Seldom_______________ _______video games ever since they entered college.(play)
自从进入大学,他们就很少玩电子游戏了。[答案] have they played 返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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10.[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ变式] Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent___________ _____________ properly in this hospital.(treat)
只有将医生的人数增加50%,这家医院的病人才能得到适当的治疗。[答案] can patients be treated返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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11.[2013·天津卷变式] It was not until near the end of the letter________________________ her own plan.(mention)
直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。[答案] that she mentioned返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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12.[2013·江西卷变式] Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________________________ again.(speak)
只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他。[答案] will I speak to him返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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13.[2013·湖南卷变式] Not once__________________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(occur)
迈克尔不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生。[答案] did it occur返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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14.[2013·福建卷变式] The famous musician, as well as his students, ________________________to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.(invite)
这位著名的音乐家以及他的学生应邀参加了2012台北花卉博览会开幕式。[答案] was invited返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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15.There are some health problems that, when not ________________________, can become bigger ones later on.(treat)
有一些健康问题,如果不及时治疗,以后就会成为大问题。[答案] treated in time返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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16.It was with the help of the local guide_____ ___________________.(rescue)
正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。[答案] that the mountain climber was rescued返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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17.Not until he went through real hardship________ _______________ the love we have for our families is important.(realize)
直到他经历了真正的困难,他才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性。[答案] did he realize返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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18.At no time________________________ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.(break)
实际上他们从未违反比赛规则,惩罚他们不公平。[答案] did they actually break返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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19.Every day________________________ aloud several times until you have it memorized.(read)
每天把一句谚语大声朗读几遍,直到记住它。[答案] read a proverb返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致真
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20.Read this story, ________________________ that not every thing can be bought with money.(realize)
读这个故事,你会意识到并非所有的东西都能用钱买到。[答案] and you will realize返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测1.Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers ________________________the schools in the disaster districts last month.(send)
一些现代化的教学设备还有数百台电脑上个月被送往了灾区学校。[答案] was sent to返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测2.From my point of view, it is you, rather than your husband, __________________________your spoiled child.(blame)
在我看来,是你而不是你的丈夫应该为被宠坏了的孩子受责备。[答案] who/that are to blame for 返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测3.Not only________________________,but a large sum of money should also be invested to cope with the issue.(measure)
不仅要采取措施,还要投入大量的资金才能解决这个问题。[答案] should measures be taken返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测4.Hardly ________________________when he phoned his parents.(land)
他一安全下飞机就给父母打了个电话。[答案] had he landed safely返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测5.As Albert Einstein said, “In the middle of difficulty________________________.” (lie)
正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦所说:“机会蕴藏在困难之中。”[答案] lie chances/opportunities返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测6.Wang Ping has been dreaming of visiting Baiyun Mountain, ________________________ an old temple.(stand)
王平一直梦想能去白云山,在那座山的山脚下有一座古庙。[答案] at the foot of which stands返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测7.Seated in the studio ________________________, along with his two students, receiving the interview now.(be)
坐在录音棚里的是那位教授和他的两个学生,现在正在接受采访。[答案] is the professor返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测8.Chinese writer Mo Yan, winner of the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature, said it was telling stories_________ _______________.(earn)
中国作家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言说正是讲故事使他赢得此奖。[答案] that earned him the prize返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测9.It was only after serious consideration _______ _________________to sponsor the poor child to finish his compulsory education.(decide)
他就是在慎重考虑后,才决定资助这个贫困孩子完成义务教育的。[答案] that he decided返回目录专题二十三 特殊句式和主谓一致新
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测10.________________________ until you feel that everything sounds right and you are comfortable with speaking.(over)
反复读,直到你觉得一切听起来都是对的,并且你讲起来比较自在。[答案] Read over and over返回目录 备用习题1. His teacher as well as his parents _________ _________ his mistake, because they have emphasized this for several times. (annoy)
老师和父母对他的错误感到非常生气,因为他们已经对此强调许多遍了。[答案] is annoyed about/at返回目录 备用习题2. Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers ________________________ten Hope Schools in South China last month. (send)
上个月,一些现代化的教学设备以及好几百台电脑被送到了中国南方的十所希望学校。[答案] was sent to 返回目录 备用习题3. Residents in Chengdu felt a strong quake of the earth. Then ________________________that about 160 people were killed and even more people injured or missing in the Ya'an quake. (come)
成都的居民感觉到了大地的强烈震动,接着就传来了令人悲伤的消息:在雅安地震中大约有160人丧生、更多的人受伤或失踪。[答案] came the sad news返回目录 备用习题4. Uncle Li, as well as his family members, ________ ________________ the importance of communication. (aware)
李叔叔和他的家人已经意识到交流的重要性了。[答案] has become/been aware of返回目录 备用习题5. Not only ________________________to us the importance of learning English but he also told us the best way to learn it.(explain)
他不仅给我们解释了学英语的重要性,而且还告诉我们学英语的最好方法。[答案] did he explain返回目录 备用习题6. It was after she grew up and became a teacher herself ________________________ how important it was to be kind and patient. (realize)
她长大成为老师后才意识到友善和耐心是多么重要。[答案] that she realized返回目录 备用习题7. ________________________ whose first work about college students' life sells pretty well. He is busy talking with them.(stand)
汤姆第一部关于大学生生活的作品卖得很好,他正站在记者们中间,忙着与他们交谈。[答案] Among the reporters stands Tom返回目录 备用习题8. Not until then________________________to concentrate less on religious themes and adopted a more humanistic attitude to life. (begin)
直到那时,人们才开始较少关注宗教主题,而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。[答案] did people begin返回目录 备用习题9. The injured pilot as well as the survivors ________________________ to the temporary shelters now. (convey)
受伤的飞行员和幸存者现在正在被送往临时避难处。[答案] is being conveyed返回目录 备用习题10. They all agree on the fact that it is the burning of fossil fuels ________________________the increase in carbon dioxide. (result)
他们一致认为是燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增 加。[答案] that results in