人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 unit1 Science and Scientists知识点课件（50张PPT）

(共50张PPT)
暑假作业：
1.《教材全解 选择性必修二》Unit 1-Unit 2完成（语言点和作文除外）（春节前交）
2. 《步步高一轮》 Book 1部分（大小本）
语法填空积累本、生词积累本、小作文积累本
UNIT 1
SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Ⅱ.The main idea of the passage is that ______________________
____________________________________________________
John Snow did some
scientific research and helped to defeat “King Cholera”.
Snow subscribed to the second theory.(教材P2)
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?subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
subscribe to同意，赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸)
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
(应用文之人际关系)All of us subscribe to the view that a good parent-children relationship is based on mutual understanding and respect.
我们所有人都赞成这个观点，好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和尊重的。
[一词多义]
①Bernard excitedly subscribed to my idea of making popcorn to earn some money.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
___________
②It was the outstanding astronomer who always subscribed to our school，to which we were sincerely grateful. ____
③To broaden our horizons and enrich our school life，we students willingly subscribe to China Daily. ____
赞成；同意
捐助
订阅
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(教材P2)
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?suspect vt.怀疑；认为 n.被怀疑者；犯罪嫌疑人
suspect that＋从句 怀疑……；觉得……
suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①Initially，Bernard suspected that he couldn’t sell his popcorn as planned.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
②My English teacher suspected me of cheating in the exam，which made me quite frustrated.
[一句多译]
我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他从不怀疑我们会实现我们的梦想。(2020·全国Ⅰ)
①The person I respect most is my English teacher，who ______
.(运用suspect that...)
②The person I respect most is my English teacher，who ______
.(运用suspect sb. of...)
never
suspects that we can achieve our dreams
never
suspects us of achieving our dreams
?blame vt.把……归咎于；责备；谴责 n.过失；责备
be to blame (for sth. ) (对某事)负有责任；应受责备
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事责备某人；把(做)某事归咎于某人
blame sth. on sb. /sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事
[微写作]
(话题作文之人际交往)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。
When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always ________
.After all，many times .
So instead of ，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
blame
others for mistakes
we are to blame
blaming others
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.(教材P2)
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?until引导的时间状语从句
(1)若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。
(2)倒装结构：部分倒装“Not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词”。
(3)强调结构：It is/was not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①We kept fighting with the fierce bear until some kind people rushed to help us handle the animal.(2020·浙江，读后续写)
②I didn’t realize I should shoulder more responsibility until I took part in the coming-of-age ceremony(成人礼).
(2020·天津，书面表达)
＝Not until I took part in the coming-of-age ceremony did I realize I should shoulder more responsibility.
＝It was not until I took part in the coming-of-age ceremony that I realized I should shoulder more responsibility.
[句式升级]
(读后续写之后悔心理描写)Jane didn’t let out a cry of regret until she got lost in the forest.
① Jane let out a cry of regret.(用倒装句改写)
② Jane let out a cry of regret.(用强调句改写)
Not until she got lost in the forest did
It was not until she got lost in the forest that
He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.(教材P2)
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?so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”
(1)so...that...句型的常见形式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数可数)＋that...
so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that...
(2)such...that...句型的常见形式：
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数可数)＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
(3)当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
[完成句子/句式升级]
(读后续写之紧张心理描写)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。
①He was he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.
② he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)
so nervous that
So nervous was he that
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(教材P2)
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?have sth. done 使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事
(1)have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
(2)have sb. /sth. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态
can’t/ couldn’t have sb. doing sth. 不能容忍某人做某事
(3)have sth. to do有某事要做
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①If we take a positive attitude and keep on trying，we can have our goals achieved in the end.
②Last Sunday our school had us take part in a five-kilometer cross-country running race to build up our body.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
③We can’t have him getting away with cheating in the exam；otherwise，he won’t shoulder the blame.
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①(应用文之口头通知)Attention，please! I have something urgent
(inform) you.
②我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后把它们送到农民家里。
(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
We began to help pick peaches and then _______________________
.
to inform
had them delivered to the
farmers’ houses
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Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow.(教材P3)
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?thanks to幸亏，由于
其他表示原因的短语还有：because of，on account of，as a result of，常作状语，一般不作表语，常可置于句首或句末；due to，owing to因为，由于，在句中作状语或表语。
①Thanks to Jack’s kindness and generosity，Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn to support his family.
(2020·新高考全国I，读后续写)
多亏了Jack的善良和慷慨，Bernard才能通过卖爆米花赚钱养家。
②I hold the strong belief that your current success is _____________
.
我坚信你现在的成功是因为你的努力工作和不知疲倦的努力。
due to/owing
to your hard work and tireless efforts
③Owing to his carelessness，he didn’t have the task finished as scheduled.
＝Because ，he didn’t have the task finished as scheduled.
由于他的粗心，他未能如期完成任务。
he was careless
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The problem was not about whether all our theories were equally good，but in deciding which theory to depend upon.(教材P5)
?not...but...不是……而是……
not...but...，not only...but (also)...，either...or...，neither...nor...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①It is not your words but your determination that plays an important role in your life.
②Friends are not only like the sun—reliable and warm but also they can brighten our days.
＝Not only are friends like the sun—reliable and warm but also they can brighten our days.
[单句语法填空/句式升级]
①Not how much money you give us but that you are present at the ceremony really (matter).
②(应用文之传统文化)During the Mid-Autumn festival，we not only admire the full moon together but also we eat mooncakes.
→During the Mid-Autumn festival，________________________
.(用倒装句改写)
matters
not only do we admire the
full moon together but also we eat mooncakes
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However，after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.(教材P7)
1
?break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
break away from脱离/挣脱……
break down出故障；坏掉；失败；(身体等)垮掉；消除
break in插话；破门而入
break into破门而入
break up打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①I was in charge of putting out the fire that broke out in our office yesterday.
②Our first attempt to make popcorn broke down，but we weren’t cast down.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
我们第一次做爆米花的尝试失败了，但是我们并不沮丧。
③The fierce bear bit the fence and was eager to break in，so I stood there frozen with terror.(2020·浙江，读后续写)
[用break短语的正确形式填空]
①Only then did I realize that it was so foolish of me to ________
my friends and never contact them.
②When the war ，the outstanding mechanic seemed to have become another man，frustrated.
③“I was not to blame，” he rudely and impatiently.
④I am terribly sorry to hear that Sue and Mary have .
break
away from
broke out
broke in
broken up
?defend vt.保卫；保护
(1)defend...against/from (doing...)保护……免受……
defend oneself自卫
(2)defence n.防御；保卫
in defence (of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one’s defence为某人辩护；站在某人一边
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed to defend his son from/
against its attacks like an arrow.
＝Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed in defence of his son from/
against its attacks like an arrow.
②My assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in defence.
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①The strong walls of the castles served as a good (defend) against the attacks.
②(读后续写之肢体动作描写)马克跳下自行车，抓起自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼来自卫。
Mac jumped off the bike，seized the bike and threw it to the wolf with all his strength .
defence
to defend himself
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.(教材P8)
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?in charge of负责/掌管(表状态)
charge n.费用；主管，负责；看管；责任 v.收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电；向……冲去
in the charge of由……负责；被……掌管
take charge of负责/看管(表动作)
free of charge免费
charge (sb. ) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①(应用文之活动安排)As chairman of the Student Association，I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities during your stay in Tianjin.
＝As chairman of the Student Association，I was appointed to be in charge of arranging all the activities during your stay in Tianjin.
②Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s cheeks，because he was charged with stealing the gold ring without solid proof.
③The English speech competition will be in the charge of me，which makes me greatly honored.
[一词多义]
①The outstanding scientist is in charge of handling the matter._____
②I will charge you one thousand yuan for curing your severe disease.
_____
③The police charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the company. _____
④The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phone. _____________
⑤(读后续写之肢体动作描写)He rose to his feet，charged through the door and disappeared in the darkness. ___________
负责
收费
(给……)充电
向……冲去
控告
Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles，his world became one of abstract thought.
(教材P8)
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?come down with染上，得了(病)
come across (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解
come about发生(无被动形式)
come on加油；到来；得了吧
come out出版；结果是；(花)开放
when it comes to...当谈及……
come up走近；上来；被提及
come up with sth. 找到/提出某事(物)
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①Unluckily，the outstanding gifted astronomer came down with a severe disease.
②My assistant’s first novel came out，which made me proud of him.
③When it comes to protecting the environment，I strongly suggest that we use public transport.
④John came up with a brilliant idea to make popcorn to help Bernard out of difficulty.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
⑤A topic on how to live a low-carbon life came up at the meeting held in the school hall yesterday.
[根据句意用come短语的正确形式填空]
(应用文之提建议) English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share with you.Firstly，when you
unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers’ questions in class，you should make great efforts to answers and express your ideas properly so that your meaning can .
Last but not least，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“______
！”
When it comes to
come across
come up
come up with
come across
Come
on
Born in Hangzhou in 1911，Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.(教材P7)
4
?过去分词(短语)作状语
(1)及物动词的过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动的和完成的动作；不及物动词的过去分词(短语)作状语表示主动的和完成的动作。
(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①Scared and frustrated，Jane sat beside a tree and held her shoulders in her arms tightly to make herself warm.
既害怕又沮丧，简坐在一棵树旁，紧紧地用双臂抱住肩膀让自己暖和点。
②Bathed in the sunshine，not only were we close to nature but also we experienced the pleasure of labor.(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
[句式升级/完成句子]
①Because he is devoted to helping those in trouble，my father is the person I respect most.
→ ，my father is the person I respect most.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②很高兴得知你对剪纸感兴趣，我写信邀请您参加我们学校下周日举行的剪纸展览会。
，I am writing to invite you to attend a paper-cutting exhibition to be held in our school next Sunday.
Devoted to helping those in trouble
Delighted to learn that you are interested in paper-cutting
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