备战2023高考英语语法复习-名词性从句专项复习课件（34张PPT）
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| 名称 | 备战2023高考英语语法复习-名词性从句专项复习课件（34张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-07 16:46:27 | ||
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文档简介
(共34张PPT)
名词性从句专项复习
基本认知
1
works.
This is .
an English dictionary.
His words
What he says
what she bought yesterday
名词在句中的成分
She said .
a sentence
that she was lost in the forest
We Chinese people are brave and hard working. .
I have no idea when he will come back. .
名词性从句
noun clause
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
具体讲解
2
主语从句
由that引导的主语从句
由whether/if引导的主语从句
由特殊疑问词引导的主语从句
句子的主语部分由一句话构成。
1
1. he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
2. the driver could not control his car was obvious.
A. When B. How C. Which D. That
3. they will have the sports meeting is still a question.
A. What B. When C. That D. How
4. breaks the law is sure to be punished.
A. Whatever B.When C. Whoever D. Who
5. this happened is not clear to anyone.
A. How B. When C. What D. Why
规律
句子不缺基本成分，用从属连词；
句子缺基本成分用连接代词；
句子缺成分，但不缺基本成分，用连接副词。
注意问题（一）
1. That he is a famous singer is known to us.
3. When he will go to America is not yet fixed.
2. Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather .
It depends on the weather Whether we’ll go camping .
(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)
(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
It be 形容词 （necessary/ likely/ important/ certain) that—
It be 名词（短语）（a pity/ a shame/ no wonder) that----
It be 过去分词（said/ told/ reported) that----
It 不及物动词（seem/ appear/ happen/ matter) that---
It 作形式主语，主语从句在句末的常见
句型
习题小练
(2019·唐山模拟)It is a great pity what we won't be able to finish the task on time.
what→that
what & whatever
who & whoever
which & whichever
引导名词性从句的区别
1.___________ is worth doing is worth doing well.
2.__________we need is more time.
3.___________ made the long distance call to him is
not important.
4.___________ breaks the law will be punished.
whatever/whoever/whichever等引导的名词性从句表泛指，而what/who/which等引导的名词性从句都表特指。
Whatever
What
Who
Whoever
注意问题（二）
主语从句中的“主谓一致”：
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
That they will come certain.
2. What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants these books.
What he wants some water.
注意问题（三）
is
is
are
用whether , 不用if
在主语从句中，如果用it 作形式主语，whether 和 if 都能引导主语从句。否则，只能用whether
we shall attend the meeting hasn't
been decided yet.
It hasn't been decided whether (if) we shall
attend the meeting.
注意问题（四）
Whether
习题小练
or not is still uncertain.
A.He's coming B. If he is coming
C. That coming D. Whether he's coming
句子不缺基本成分，用从属连词；
句子缺基本成分用连接代词；
句子缺成分，但不缺基本成分，用连接副词。
表语从句
句子的表语部分由一句话构成。
2
表语从句
because,as, as if, as though同样可以引导表语从句。
1.because, why 引导的表语从句
1.1常用句型：This/That is because... 这/那是因为......
This/That is why... 这/那是......的原因
because后面是事情发生的原因；why后面是事情发生的结果
e.g. That's he missed the last train.
This is I forgot to take my ID-card.
why
because
1.2.because,why 引导从句时，主语不能是reason或cause.
The reason is because he is ill.
because-----that
但是在定语中reason可以作why的主语
常见句型：The reason why...is (that) ...
The reason why he did show up was that he was ill.
2. as（像）, as if, as though(好像，似乎)引导的表语从句
此类表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the back door.
听上去好像有人在敲门。
You look just as you looked 10 years ago.
你看上去和十年前完全一样。
I feel as though the house is shaking.
我感到好像房子在晃动。
一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有连词 that ;少数情况下也可用连接副词等.
1.The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.
2.The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.
同位语从句
句子的同位语部分由一句话构成.
规则同主、表从句。
同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处
1、两种从句都可以译成定语
The news that our team has won the final match
is encouraging.
我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
2、两种从句都可以用that引导
The suggestion that students should learn
something practical is worth considering.
学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。
The suggestion that is worth considering is that
the students should learn something practical.
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处
1、从句的作用不同：
同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；
定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。
The news that our team has won the final match
is encouraging.
The news that you told us is really encouraging
（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）
（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，
而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：
that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
Dad made a promise that he would buy me
CD player if I passed the English test.
（that 不充当任何成分）
2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children。
（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）
1. (2017·河南中原名校联考)Earthquake worry people a lot. The reason is we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for it.
2. (2019江苏卷)Sentists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the human body.
3. _____made the school proud was ____more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities .
4. (大纲全国) This is how I need to improve in the future.
z
5. (辽宁) “He has ruined his healthy. we are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say.
R
that
that
What
that
how →what
which →what
4. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
5. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
7.Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
why
when
when
宾语从句：句子中的宾语部分由一句话构成。--规则最多
Ⅰ.只用whether
1.介词后的宾语从句（discuss)
We are talking about whether we can have a holiday.
whether or not句式
I don't know whether we should go abroad or not
whether +to do...
I don't know whether to go abroad.
2. 引导为了强调而置于句首的宾语从句时
Whether he will come I am not sure.
3. 句子中已有if 引导的条件句时
He asked wheter I'd move to New York if I got the job.
4. 用if 容易产生歧义时
Please let me know whether you need help.
请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
判断对错
1. I don't care whether he doesn't come.( )
2. I don't care whether / if he comes or not.( )
3. I don't care whether or not he comes.( )
4. I don't care if or not he comes.( )
5. I don't know whether to go there.( )
Ⅱ.it 做形式宾语
宾语从句后置，it作形式宾语（后有补语）
I think that we can get there before two o'clock impossible.
I think it impossible that...
否定前移
I think you are not right.
I don't think ...
时态：主过从过
宾语从句时态问题
1. 如果主句的谓语是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
e.g.She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.
她说她周一至周五上班。（从句时一般现在时）
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说要在桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时）
宾语从句时态问题
2）如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的
过去时态（客观真理、事实除外）
e.g. He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时）
He said that he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。
He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时）
3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍用一般现在时。
e.g.The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it.
老师告诉我们，世上无难事，只怕有心人。
宾语从句中不省略that 的情况
情况 例句
that 从句与谓语被短语词组等分隔时 They told us once again that this would never happen. 他们再次告诉我们这种事情不会发生。
有多个由that 引导的从句时，只有第一个从句中的that 可省略。 He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one.
that 引导的名词性从句与另一名词性从句作并列宾语时 Everyone could see what was happening and that Tom was really shocked.
doubt, I'm sure 后从句的引导词
句型 从句引导词 例句
doubt doubt用于肯定句中，用if 或whether I doubt if/ whether he will come soon.我怀疑他是否很快就来。
doubt 用于否定句中，用that I never doubted that he would come.我从未怀疑过他会来。
I'm sure I'm sure 后的从句用that I'm sure that he can pass the exam.我相信他考试会及格的。
I'm not sure 后的从句用if 或whether I'm not sure if / whether he can help me. 我不确定他是否会帮我。
correction
He asked whether his father will come back.
He said that he has seen it.
The teacher said that the earth travels aroud the sun.
宾语从句：句子中的宾语部分由一句话构成。
THANK YOU FOR WATCHING
谢谢欣赏
名词性从句专项复习
基本认知
1
works.
This is .
an English dictionary.
His words
What he says
what she bought yesterday
名词在句中的成分
She said .
a sentence
that she was lost in the forest
We Chinese people are brave and hard working. .
I have no idea when he will come back. .
名词性从句
noun clause
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
具体讲解
2
主语从句
由that引导的主语从句
由whether/if引导的主语从句
由特殊疑问词引导的主语从句
句子的主语部分由一句话构成。
1
1. he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
2. the driver could not control his car was obvious.
A. When B. How C. Which D. That
3. they will have the sports meeting is still a question.
A. What B. When C. That D. How
4. breaks the law is sure to be punished.
A. Whatever B.When C. Whoever D. Who
5. this happened is not clear to anyone.
A. How B. When C. What D. Why
规律
句子不缺基本成分，用从属连词；
句子缺基本成分用连接代词；
句子缺成分，但不缺基本成分，用连接副词。
注意问题（一）
1. That he is a famous singer is known to us.
3. When he will go to America is not yet fixed.
2. Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather .
It depends on the weather Whether we’ll go camping .
(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)
(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
It be 形容词 （necessary/ likely/ important/ certain) that—
It be 名词（短语）（a pity/ a shame/ no wonder) that----
It be 过去分词（said/ told/ reported) that----
It 不及物动词（seem/ appear/ happen/ matter) that---
It 作形式主语，主语从句在句末的常见
句型
习题小练
(2019·唐山模拟)It is a great pity what we won't be able to finish the task on time.
what→that
what & whatever
who & whoever
which & whichever
引导名词性从句的区别
1.___________ is worth doing is worth doing well.
2.__________we need is more time.
3.___________ made the long distance call to him is
not important.
4.___________ breaks the law will be punished.
whatever/whoever/whichever等引导的名词性从句表泛指，而what/who/which等引导的名词性从句都表特指。
Whatever
What
Who
Whoever
注意问题（二）
主语从句中的“主谓一致”：
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
That they will come certain.
2. What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants these books.
What he wants some water.
注意问题（三）
is
is
are
用whether , 不用if
在主语从句中，如果用it 作形式主语，whether 和 if 都能引导主语从句。否则，只能用whether
we shall attend the meeting hasn't
been decided yet.
It hasn't been decided whether (if) we shall
attend the meeting.
注意问题（四）
Whether
习题小练
or not is still uncertain.
A.He's coming B. If he is coming
C. That coming D. Whether he's coming
句子不缺基本成分，用从属连词；
句子缺基本成分用连接代词；
句子缺成分，但不缺基本成分，用连接副词。
表语从句
句子的表语部分由一句话构成。
2
表语从句
because,as, as if, as though同样可以引导表语从句。
1.because, why 引导的表语从句
1.1常用句型：This/That is because... 这/那是因为......
This/That is why... 这/那是......的原因
because后面是事情发生的原因；why后面是事情发生的结果
e.g. That's he missed the last train.
This is I forgot to take my ID-card.
why
because
1.2.because,why 引导从句时，主语不能是reason或cause.
The reason is because he is ill.
because-----that
但是在定语中reason可以作why的主语
常见句型：The reason why...is (that) ...
The reason why he did show up was that he was ill.
2. as（像）, as if, as though(好像，似乎)引导的表语从句
此类表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the back door.
听上去好像有人在敲门。
You look just as you looked 10 years ago.
你看上去和十年前完全一样。
I feel as though the house is shaking.
我感到好像房子在晃动。
一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有连词 that ;少数情况下也可用连接副词等.
1.The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.
2.The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.
同位语从句
句子的同位语部分由一句话构成.
规则同主、表从句。
同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处
1、两种从句都可以译成定语
The news that our team has won the final match
is encouraging.
我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
2、两种从句都可以用that引导
The suggestion that students should learn
something practical is worth considering.
学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。
The suggestion that is worth considering is that
the students should learn something practical.
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处
1、从句的作用不同：
同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；
定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。
The news that our team has won the final match
is encouraging.
The news that you told us is really encouraging
（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）
（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，
而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：
that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
Dad made a promise that he would buy me
CD player if I passed the English test.
（that 不充当任何成分）
2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children。
（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）
1. (2017·河南中原名校联考)Earthquake worry people a lot. The reason is we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for it.
2. (2019江苏卷)Sentists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the human body.
3. _____made the school proud was ____more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities .
4. (大纲全国) This is how I need to improve in the future.
z
5. (辽宁) “He has ruined his healthy. we are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say.
R
that
that
What
that
how →what
which →what
4. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
5. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
7.Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
why
when
when
宾语从句：句子中的宾语部分由一句话构成。--规则最多
Ⅰ.只用whether
1.介词后的宾语从句（discuss)
We are talking about whether we can have a holiday.
whether or not句式
I don't know whether we should go abroad or not
whether +to do...
I don't know whether to go abroad.
2. 引导为了强调而置于句首的宾语从句时
Whether he will come I am not sure.
3. 句子中已有if 引导的条件句时
He asked wheter I'd move to New York if I got the job.
4. 用if 容易产生歧义时
Please let me know whether you need help.
请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
判断对错
1. I don't care whether he doesn't come.( )
2. I don't care whether / if he comes or not.( )
3. I don't care whether or not he comes.( )
4. I don't care if or not he comes.( )
5. I don't know whether to go there.( )
Ⅱ.it 做形式宾语
宾语从句后置，it作形式宾语（后有补语）
I think that we can get there before two o'clock impossible.
I think it impossible that...
否定前移
I think you are not right.
I don't think ...
时态：主过从过
宾语从句时态问题
1. 如果主句的谓语是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
e.g.She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.
她说她周一至周五上班。（从句时一般现在时）
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说要在桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时）
宾语从句时态问题
2）如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的
过去时态（客观真理、事实除外）
e.g. He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时）
He said that he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。
He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时）
3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍用一般现在时。
e.g.The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it.
老师告诉我们，世上无难事，只怕有心人。
宾语从句中不省略that 的情况
情况 例句
that 从句与谓语被短语词组等分隔时 They told us once again that this would never happen. 他们再次告诉我们这种事情不会发生。
有多个由that 引导的从句时，只有第一个从句中的that 可省略。 He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one.
that 引导的名词性从句与另一名词性从句作并列宾语时 Everyone could see what was happening and that Tom was really shocked.
doubt, I'm sure 后从句的引导词
句型 从句引导词 例句
doubt doubt用于肯定句中，用if 或whether I doubt if/ whether he will come soon.我怀疑他是否很快就来。
doubt 用于否定句中，用that I never doubted that he would come.我从未怀疑过他会来。
I'm sure I'm sure 后的从句用that I'm sure that he can pass the exam.我相信他考试会及格的。
I'm not sure 后的从句用if 或whether I'm not sure if / whether he can help me. 我不确定他是否会帮我。
correction
He asked whether his father will come back.
He said that he has seen it.
The teacher said that the earth travels aroud the sun.
宾语从句：句子中的宾语部分由一句话构成。
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