高中英语语法综合复习全解课件：虚拟语气 (共32张PPT)

(共32张PPT)
高中语法综合
复习全解
10-2
The Subjunctive Mood
Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners.
Now check your answers
1
hadn’t seen
had worked;
would be better
2
3
4
had
otherwise
5
(should) be put
考点题例一
1. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week If you ____________ (tell) me, I could have helped.
2. I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I _______________________ (injure).
had told
would have been injured
考点梳理
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用
虚拟情况 从句 主句
与现在事实相反
与过去事实相反
与将来事实相反
过去时(be的形式用were)
过去完成时
过去时 / should+
do/ were to do
would / should / could / might + have done
would / should / could / might +do
would / should / could / might +do
(1) If I were you, I would go to look for him. (2) If he were here, everything would be all right.
注意：be的形式
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词“be”的过去时态一般用were，不用was；在口语中，有时用was。
考点题例二
1. It might have saved me some trouble _______ I _________ (know) the schedule.
2. ________ (be) there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
had
Were
known
考点梳理
If 省略句
在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。
1. If I were at school again, I would study harder.
Were I at school again, I would study harder.
2. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
3. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
考点题例三
1. If it ___________ (be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
2. If you were older, I _________________ (allow) you to go there yesterday.
hadn’t been
would have allowed
考点梳理
错综时间条件句
条件状语从句和主句的动作在时间上不一致， 这称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种虚拟条件句中，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间进行调整，选用适当形式。
1. If you had just followed my advice, you would be better now.
2. If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should have a terrible time tomorrow.
考点题例四
But for your help, we ___________________ the work ahead of time.
2. I was ill that day. Otherwise , I _______________________ the sports meeting.
couldn’t have finished
would have taken part in
考点梳理
含蓄条件句
假设情况并非都是由if 引导的条件状语从句来表示， 假设的情况有时隐含于某些介词短语、上下文、句子内在的逻辑关系之中，往往隐含于but for/without/otherwise/even though之类的词之中，这种情况称为含蓄条件句。
1. But for your help, we would not have succeeded.
2. We might not do a lot of things without computer.
3. They had to leave early, otherwise the children would have been up too late.
1. I wish I ______________ (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
2. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ____________ (dance) as well as her.
3. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____________ (be) made of steel.
考点题例五
had been
danced
were
考点梳理
虚拟语气中类似if用法的其他句型
这样的句型包括wish(不可能实现的愿望)/would rather (宁愿)引导的宾语从句，as if/as though(好像)引导的从句, if only(但愿)+句子。(wish, as though, if only 引导虚拟语气时，与as if 结构相同)
1. He looks as if he were an artist.
2. She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.
3. He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U.S.A.
I would rather you ________ at home now.
2. I would rather you________ there last year.
3. If only I ________ a flying bird!
4. If only I _________ the film!
解析：would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用一般过去时, 表示对现在或将来的虚拟；用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。if only引导虚拟语气与 as if/though, wish结构相同。
stayed
had gone
were
had seen
举一反三
解析：It is high time that sb did sth 或It is high time that sb should do sth，意为“到某人该做某事的时候了。”
难点解析
It is (high) time that…
1. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ____________________ (do) something instead of just talking. (2012 辽宁, 24)
2. The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that it’s high time we ______________ (reflect) on ourselves. (2015 浙江宁波十校3月联考)
did/should do
reflected
考点题例六
1. My mom suggests that we ___________ eat out for a change this weekend.
2. It’s required by law that a driving test __________________ (take) before a man gets a license.
3. His proposal is that they ___________________ (challenge) the other groups to a friendly competition.
should
(should) be taken
(should) challenge
表示命令、要求、建议等主观愿望的词在主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句前，从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形, should 可省略。这些词包括：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose; demand, require, request, desire等及其相应形式。
考点梳理
1. He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
2. It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
3. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for sightseeing.
“should do”型虚拟语气———— 名词性从句
(1) It is necessary that you should go there.
(2) It is desirable that the agreement (should) be signed before May.
注意：在某些表示愿望、建议、必要的形容词如necessary/important/desirable等后的主语从句中从句谓语动词用should+ 动词原形，should可以省略。
(1) It is strange that she should be late.
(2) It is surprising that you should forget it.
注意：常用should 表示惊奇、喜悦、怀疑、不满等感彩，可译为“竟然”。
难点解析
insist/suggest引导虚拟语气
1. The man insisted that he had never stolen money.
那个人坚持说他从没有偷过钱。
He insisted that the boy (should) go with them.
他们坚决要求那个男孩子跟他们一起去。
2. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
Her mother suggested that she (should) go and see the doctor.
她妈妈建议她去看医生。
试翻译：
解析：当suggest 表示“暗示，表明”之意insist 表示“坚持说”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句不使用虚拟语气，应使用陈述语气。但当suggest表示“建议”之意，insist表示“坚决要求”之意时，相应从句要虚拟，从句动词使用should + do, should 可省略。
1. The man insisted that he had never stolen money.
那个人坚持说他从没有偷过钱。
He insisted that the boy (should) go with them.
他们坚决要求那个男孩子跟他们一起去。
2. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
Her mother suggested that she (should) go and see the doctor.
她妈妈建议她去看医生。
解析：for fear that引导的目的状语须使用虚拟语气，从句动词用should+动词原形。in case引导的目的状语从句既可以用虚拟语气也可用陈述语气。
难点解析
for fear that, in case引导虚拟语气
1. He took his raincoat with him in case it
______________ (rain).
2. I will not make a noise for fear that I ___________________________ (disturb) you.
should rain
(should/might) disturb
1. You didn’t let me drive. If we
__________ (drive) in turn, you
________________ (not get) so tired.
2. ______ it __________(not be) for
your help, I couldn’t have made any
progress.
3. — Has Mr Smith recovered now
— Yes. Who __________________
(think) that such a serious illness
could be cured
(1) Fill in the blanks.
had driven
wouldn’t have got
Had
not been
would have thought
4. _____________ it ___________ (rain)
tomorrow, the match would be called
off.
5. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They said that it _________________________ (organize) better.
6. Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she ___________________________ (get) a job, she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.
Were / Should
to rain / rain
could have been organized
were to get/ should get / got
7. Much labour would have been
saved if electronic computer
_________________ (invent) before.
8. — Well done, Jack！
— Thanks. But given more time, I
_____________________________
(do) it better.
had been invented
could / would / might have done
1. 我不知道他的电话号码，否则我就打电话给他了。
I didn't know his telephone number, otherwise I would have telephoned him.
2. 他本可以给你更多的帮助，即使他很忙。
He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy.
(2) Translate.
3. 如果你昨晚没有看电影看到那么晚的话，你现在就不会那么困了。
If you hadn’t seen that film late last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy.
4. 没有电，今天人类的生活就完全不了。
Without electricity, human life would be quite different today.
Mary shares a flat with three other girls, but if it ______ (be) possible, she __________ (live) in her own. If she______ (live) in the country, she ___________ (buy) a little cottage, and she ___________ (grow) her own flowers and vegetables.
were
would live
lived
would buy
would grow
(3) Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given word.
In town, she travels by underground and goes shopping in big department stores, but she doesn’t not like this at all. If she _______ (be) in the country, she __________ (ride) her bike, and she __________ (buy) things in the little village shop. She ______ (love) walking, and often _______ (go) for a walk in town, but the streets are noisy. In the country, she __________ (walk) across the fields with her dog.
were
would ride
would buy
loves
goes
would walk