人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture过去完成时及十大时态复习课件（37张ppt）

(共37张PPT)
unit3 Discover useful structures
过去完成时及各种时态的复习
时
态
：表示一个动作所发生的时间
：表示这个动作在某个时刻进行到了何种状态
过去
现在
将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
一般
过去
将来
现在
态
时
进行
过去
将来
现在
态
时
完成
过去
将来
现在
态
时
完成进行
过去
将来
现在
态
时
时态语态学习有两关
第一关：时态的构成（谓语形式）
第二关： 标志性的时间状语(标志词)
1. (2021 全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
2. (2021 天津卷) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
3. (2021 新高考全国卷) What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it __________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
4. (2020 天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) around that level since.
was built
are being displayed
was
has remained
5. (2020 全国III卷) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
6. (2020 浙江卷) By about 6000 BC, people ____________ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
7. (2019 全国II卷) I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___________ (make) over the years.
be chosen
had discovered
have made
1
过去完成时的定义和基本结构
定义：
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。
过去
过去的过去
现在
基本结构：
(1)肯定：主语＋had (been) done
(2)否定：主语＋had not (been) done
(3)疑问：Had＋主语＋(been) done
疑问词＋had＋主语＋(been) done
2
过去完成时的用法
1. 过去完成时基本用法：
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一事件前，已发生的动作或已存在的状态。即“过去的过去”
1. They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. The project had been completed by the end of 1999.
3. I had been at the stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
4. I had seen her before she saw me.
即学即练：
1. By nine o'clock last night, we __________________(get) 200 pictures
from the spaceship.
2. The classroom ________________________ (not clean) before the
teacher came.
3. She ____________ (return) home and __________ (find) all her
furniture ______________________(ruin) by the flood.
had got
hadn't been cleaned
found
had been ruined
returned
2. 过去完成时几种固定结构
1) 用于虚拟语气中
1. I wish I had told him about it.
2. He talked about Rome as if he had been there.
3. If only we had entered college last year！
4. I would rather you hadn't done that.
5. If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.
6. If you had taken my advice then, you would not be in trouble now.
对过去的虚拟
2) 过去完成时还可用It was the first(second...) time (that)…, It was the +形容词最高级+名词+ (that)...等固定句型中
1. It was the first time that she had sung in public.
2. It was the third time that he had been out of work.
3. It was the most inspiring performance I had watched.
4. It was the best coffee I had ever tasted.
试比较：
It is the first time that he have wept in ten years.
You are the sweetest person I have ever met.
3) 在hardly…when…, scarcely...when..., no sooner…than…,固定句型中，用过去完成时。
1. He had hardly begun to speak when the audience
interrupted him.
2. Hardly had we left the house when it began to rain.
3. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
3
复习各种时态
一般现在时
(do/does)
表示现阶段经常发生的动作，也表示客观存在的事实和规律。
I often go to the library.
How do you go to school everyday
The sun ______ (rise) in the east.
rises
一般现在时的时间标志词
频率副词：never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
every系列：every time/ day/ night/ Sunday/week/ month/ year
once/ twice: once a week, three times a year
一般过去时
(did)
表示在过去的某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态，此动作或状态始于过去并且结束于过去。
I received a strange phone call last week.
昨天我在图书馆见到她了。
I saw her in the library yesterday.
一般过去时的时间标志词
last...：last year , last term
...ago: a month ago, three days ago
in+过去的年份： in 2019
yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, in the past, once
once upon a time
when I was young,...
一般将来时
(shall/will do)
be going to do
be to do
be about to do
表示将来某一特定时间将发生的动作或出现的某种状态，也表示某种打算、计划或准备要做某事。
I shall attend the meeting next Wednesday.
I am going to see my Granny with my parents this weekend.
一般将来时的时间标志词
next...：next time/ Friday/ month/ term
in+一段时间（多久之后）： in 5 minutes/ in a month
in+将来的时间点: in 2024
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, at once(马上)
现在进行时（am/is/are doing）
表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。可用于表说话时正在进行的动作，也可表当前一段时间内正在进行的动作而说话时这个动作不一定正在进行。
They are talking about the coming weekends.
Look! He is looking for his key.
They _____________ (work) hard for the coming exam.
are working
现在进行时的时间标志词
look， listen
at this time, at this moment, right now, these days
过去进行时（was/were doing）
表示过去某一特定时刻正在发生的动作。此动作始于过去，在过去某一特定时间正在进行，并可能继续进行下去。
I was having dinner with my family.
译：My father was watching TV when Lucy came to see me.
现在进行时的时间标志词
at 9 o’clock last nignt
at this time yesterday, at this moment yesterday
将来进行时
（shall/will be doing）
表示将来某一时刻正在进行或持续的动作。
I will be having a meeting this time tomorrow.
Rick says that he will be working late every evening next week.
将来进行时的时间标志词
at 9 o’clock tomorrow evening
at this time tomorrow, at this moment tomorrow
现在完成时
（have/has done）
表示现在已经完成的动作，这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响，或表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去。
I have already finished all the work.
The manager has just left. If only you had come a moment earlier.
I ____________ (live) in this city for thirty years.
have lived
现在完成时的时间标志词
for+一段时间, since+过去的时间点, so far, up to now，over the years
ever, never, just, yet, till/until, in past years,
过去完成时
（had done）
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，还可以表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。
My friends had already left when I got there.
译：He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here.
过去完成时的时间标志词
before last Wednesday
by the end of 1999
现在完成进行时
（have/has been doing）
是现在完成时态和进行时态的结合，表示动作从过去某时间开始一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去。
He's been playing tennis since he was seven.
I ___________________ (wait) for an hour and he still hasn't turned up.
have been waiting
过去将来时
（should/would do）
表示从过去某时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。一般不能独立使用，常用在主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。
He was sixty-eight and in two years, he would be seventy.
Lily asked if there was going to be a concert that evening.
Summary：
1. 一个简单句只有一个动词，除非有and连接，需注意主从复合句动词。
2. 如何判断动词的时态：一看时间状语，二看参考动词，三品句子意思。
3. 动词的三大考点：时态，语态，主谓一致。缺一不可，要考虑这三点之后才落笔答题。