牛津译林版八年级上册 Unit 4 Do it y ourself Grammar学案（无答案）
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内容：Unit4 Grammar 课型：新授 设计课时：1课时
学习目标 学会运用祈使句表达指令。学会使用should和had better来提建议。
重点 祈使句的用法
难点 祈使句的用法
课前预习：（一）在书上找出下列短语：1.修理架子 2.在每张卡片上 3.在…的另一边 4.给出建议 5.一把剪刀 6.最好不做某事 7.放弃做某事 8.参加“自己动手”俱乐部 （二）试着填出下列词的形式：1.__________（write）some words on each card.2.__________(not touch)the wet paint.3.Scissors can be dangerous,you should_________(be )patient.4.You’d better_________ (not be )late for school.5.Can you make _________(sentence)with “should” and “had better” 二、教学过程【语法讲解】（一）祈使句：定义：祈使句是英语的基本句型之一，表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等，往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思。祈使句一般没有主语，实际上是省略了主语“You”。句末用感叹号或句号，用降调朗读。肯定结构都以动词原形开头。例如：_________（catch ）the ball！接球！ _________（come）and meet my family． Kate, you _________ (clean)the classroom today.表现形式：1.祈使句的肯定式有三种形式，即(1)Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：Sit down 坐下！ Stand up起立！(2)Be型（以be开头），例如：Be quiet安静！(3)Let型 （以let开头）， 例如：Let me help you. 让我来帮助你。2.祈使句的否定结构是以“Don’t＋动词原形”开头。1）Do和Be直接在前面加Don’t,例如：_________(not go )there, please． 请别去那儿。_________(not be) late． 不要迟到。_________（not do）that again.不要在做那件事了。2）Let’s型祈使句，其否定式有两种：Don’t let the water run into the room．不要让水流进屋里。=_________ the water__________________ into the room．3）有些用No开头，用来表示禁止祈使句。No parking 禁止停车 No fishing 禁止钓鱼 批注/记录
3.注意：表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上Please, 构成句式：Please．．．或．．．please． 以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如：Please stand up。= _________，_________．请站起来。 (二)用should 和had better提建议：had better语气较should强。1. had better 是固定词组，意思是“应该；最好”，后接不带 to 的不定式，其用法相当于情态动词，动词 had 没有人称或数的变化。had better 常用来提出建议，语气较强，往往含有强迫或命令的口气，故常用于长辈对晚辈、上级对下级或平辈之间。该短语指的是现在或将来的情况，而不是指过去。had better的简略式为：'d better 。如： 1) _________ _________ _________ there by bus. 你最好是坐公共汽车去那里。 2) We had better_________(start )at once . 我们最好立刻出发。注意： had better的否定是had better not；疑问式是将 had 放在主语之前。如： 1) We'd better _________ _________ ( not tell )him the news.我们最好不要告诉他这个消息。 2）We had better not go to the station to meet him (改成一般疑问句) _________you _________ not go to the station to meet him 2. 情态动词should 常用来表示劝告、建议或义务，意思是“应该”，可用于各种人称，语气委婉，后接不带to的动词不定式。例如：1）You shouldn't _________ (come) to such a decision hastily.你不应该匆忙作出这样的决定。2）The party _________ _________ great fun .那个聚会一定很有意思。当堂检测：1.You must come here. （改成祈使句） _________ _________ _________.2.You mustn’t do that again.(同上) _________ _________ do that again.3.If you use your head,you will find the way.(同上) _________ _________ ,you will find the way.4.You’d better practice the piano every day.(改成一般疑问句) _________ you _________ practice the piano every day 5.You’ d better write a sentence on this page.(改成否定句) _________ _________ _________ write a sentence on this page.三、课后巩固（一）单项选择( )1.—I have to get to the airport at 10:00 but it’s 9:20a.m. now. — _________!I can send you there by car.A.That’s a deal B.Hurry up C.Don’t worry D.Try your best( )2.---Don’t draw on the wall. --- _________A.I’d like B.Yes ,I do. C.That’s wrong D.Sorry ,I won’t do again.( )3.Be careful! The water is too hot. You’d better _________ it right now.A.do not drink B.not to drink C.not drink D.not drinking.( )4.---Help!There is a big snake near the house.
--- _________afraid.It will go away later.A.Don’t B.Not C.Don’t be D.Be （二）完形填空Mr Young has a big shop in the center of the city. He tells all his employees(雇员) to be (1)________ to the buyers and he gets a lot of (2)_______.
One day an old woman went to the shop to (3)_________ a silk blouse. When she came out of the shop with the blouse, she (4)______ her wallet in it. A girl picked it up and (5)________ there were nearly five hundred dollars in it. She looked around and (6)________ saw it. She put it into her (7)________ quickly. Soon the old woman came back to look for it, of course she (8)______. That evening Mr Young was told about it. He was very (9)_______ and sent the girl away. Then he decided to employ an honest man to take her (10)_______. Several young men came, but (11)_______ of them could satisfy him.
This morning a young man came to his (12)_______. He asked, "Do you smoke, sir "
"No, sir," answered the young man.
"Do you (13)_______ "
"No, sir."
My Young asked him the other questions, and the young man's (14)_______ satisfied him. Before he employed him, he asked him the last question, "You have (15)_______ shortcoming, do you "
"No, I don't, sir. " said the young man. "I only like telling lies."
( )1. A. strict B. friendly C. strange D. terrible
( )2. A. business B. surprise C. money D. hope
( )3. A. buy B. borrow C. look for D. lend
( )4. A. threw B. put C. placed D. left
( )5. A. found B. knew C. understood D. wanted
( )6. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody
( )7. A. hand B. pocket C. bottle D. glass
( )8. A. won B. lost C. forgot D. failed
( )9. A. sad B. angry C. happy D. worried
( )10.A. place B. seat C. table D. chair
( )11.A. both B. all C. neither D. none
( )12.A. house B. car C. office D. pigsty
( )13.A. dress B. drink C. eat D. sleep
( )14.A. answers B. clothes C. knowledge D. face
( )15.A. much B. some C. any D. no四、课后反思____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、拓展题：短文填空Mr. Brown and his wife had a small bar near a railway station. The bar didn't close u___1___ midnight because people came to drink while they were w___2___ for trains. So the business was good. At two o'clock one morning, a man was s___3___ sitting at the table in the bar. He was a___4___. Mr. Brown's young wife wanted to go to
b___5___. She looked i___6____ the bar several times, but the man kept sleeping. Then at last she went to her husband and said to him, "You have tried to wake up that man several times, and he isn't drinking a__7____. Why haven't you sent him away It's too l____8___. "“Oh, no, I don't want to send him away," he answered w___9___ a smile. "You know, each time I woke him up, he gave me five pounds. Then he went to sleep a___10___."1. _________ 2. _________3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________
学习目标 学会运用祈使句表达指令。学会使用should和had better来提建议。
重点 祈使句的用法
难点 祈使句的用法
课前预习：（一）在书上找出下列短语：1.修理架子 2.在每张卡片上 3.在…的另一边 4.给出建议 5.一把剪刀 6.最好不做某事 7.放弃做某事 8.参加“自己动手”俱乐部 （二）试着填出下列词的形式：1.__________（write）some words on each card.2.__________(not touch)the wet paint.3.Scissors can be dangerous,you should_________(be )patient.4.You’d better_________ (not be )late for school.5.Can you make _________(sentence)with “should” and “had better” 二、教学过程【语法讲解】（一）祈使句：定义：祈使句是英语的基本句型之一，表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等，往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思。祈使句一般没有主语，实际上是省略了主语“You”。句末用感叹号或句号，用降调朗读。肯定结构都以动词原形开头。例如：_________（catch ）the ball！接球！ _________（come）and meet my family． Kate, you _________ (clean)the classroom today.表现形式：1.祈使句的肯定式有三种形式，即(1)Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：Sit down 坐下！ Stand up起立！(2)Be型（以be开头），例如：Be quiet安静！(3)Let型 （以let开头）， 例如：Let me help you. 让我来帮助你。2.祈使句的否定结构是以“Don’t＋动词原形”开头。1）Do和Be直接在前面加Don’t,例如：_________(not go )there, please． 请别去那儿。_________(not be) late． 不要迟到。_________（not do）that again.不要在做那件事了。2）Let’s型祈使句，其否定式有两种：Don’t let the water run into the room．不要让水流进屋里。=_________ the water__________________ into the room．3）有些用No开头，用来表示禁止祈使句。No parking 禁止停车 No fishing 禁止钓鱼 批注/记录
3.注意：表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上Please, 构成句式：Please．．．或．．．please． 以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如：Please stand up。= _________，_________．请站起来。 (二)用should 和had better提建议：had better语气较should强。1. had better 是固定词组，意思是“应该；最好”，后接不带 to 的不定式，其用法相当于情态动词，动词 had 没有人称或数的变化。had better 常用来提出建议，语气较强，往往含有强迫或命令的口气，故常用于长辈对晚辈、上级对下级或平辈之间。该短语指的是现在或将来的情况，而不是指过去。had better的简略式为：'d better 。如： 1) _________ _________ _________ there by bus. 你最好是坐公共汽车去那里。 2) We had better_________(start )at once . 我们最好立刻出发。注意： had better的否定是had better not；疑问式是将 had 放在主语之前。如： 1) We'd better _________ _________ ( not tell )him the news.我们最好不要告诉他这个消息。 2）We had better not go to the station to meet him (改成一般疑问句) _________you _________ not go to the station to meet him 2. 情态动词should 常用来表示劝告、建议或义务，意思是“应该”，可用于各种人称，语气委婉，后接不带to的动词不定式。例如：1）You shouldn't _________ (come) to such a decision hastily.你不应该匆忙作出这样的决定。2）The party _________ _________ great fun .那个聚会一定很有意思。当堂检测：1.You must come here. （改成祈使句） _________ _________ _________.2.You mustn’t do that again.(同上) _________ _________ do that again.3.If you use your head,you will find the way.(同上) _________ _________ ,you will find the way.4.You’d better practice the piano every day.(改成一般疑问句) _________ you _________ practice the piano every day 5.You’ d better write a sentence on this page.(改成否定句) _________ _________ _________ write a sentence on this page.三、课后巩固（一）单项选择( )1.—I have to get to the airport at 10:00 but it’s 9:20a.m. now. — _________!I can send you there by car.A.That’s a deal B.Hurry up C.Don’t worry D.Try your best( )2.---Don’t draw on the wall. --- _________A.I’d like B.Yes ,I do. C.That’s wrong D.Sorry ,I won’t do again.( )3.Be careful! The water is too hot. You’d better _________ it right now.A.do not drink B.not to drink C.not drink D.not drinking.( )4.---Help!There is a big snake near the house.
--- _________afraid.It will go away later.A.Don’t B.Not C.Don’t be D.Be （二）完形填空Mr Young has a big shop in the center of the city. He tells all his employees(雇员) to be (1)________ to the buyers and he gets a lot of (2)_______.
One day an old woman went to the shop to (3)_________ a silk blouse. When she came out of the shop with the blouse, she (4)______ her wallet in it. A girl picked it up and (5)________ there were nearly five hundred dollars in it. She looked around and (6)________ saw it. She put it into her (7)________ quickly. Soon the old woman came back to look for it, of course she (8)______. That evening Mr Young was told about it. He was very (9)_______ and sent the girl away. Then he decided to employ an honest man to take her (10)_______. Several young men came, but (11)_______ of them could satisfy him.
This morning a young man came to his (12)_______. He asked, "Do you smoke, sir "
"No, sir," answered the young man.
"Do you (13)_______ "
"No, sir."
My Young asked him the other questions, and the young man's (14)_______ satisfied him. Before he employed him, he asked him the last question, "You have (15)_______ shortcoming, do you "
"No, I don't, sir. " said the young man. "I only like telling lies."
( )1. A. strict B. friendly C. strange D. terrible
( )2. A. business B. surprise C. money D. hope
( )3. A. buy B. borrow C. look for D. lend
( )4. A. threw B. put C. placed D. left
( )5. A. found B. knew C. understood D. wanted
( )6. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody
( )7. A. hand B. pocket C. bottle D. glass
( )8. A. won B. lost C. forgot D. failed
( )9. A. sad B. angry C. happy D. worried
( )10.A. place B. seat C. table D. chair
( )11.A. both B. all C. neither D. none
( )12.A. house B. car C. office D. pigsty
( )13.A. dress B. drink C. eat D. sleep
( )14.A. answers B. clothes C. knowledge D. face
( )15.A. much B. some C. any D. no四、课后反思____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、拓展题：短文填空Mr. Brown and his wife had a small bar near a railway station. The bar didn't close u___1___ midnight because people came to drink while they were w___2___ for trains. So the business was good. At two o'clock one morning, a man was s___3___ sitting at the table in the bar. He was a___4___. Mr. Brown's young wife wanted to go to
b___5___. She looked i___6____ the bar several times, but the man kept sleeping. Then at last she went to her husband and said to him, "You have tried to wake up that man several times, and he isn't drinking a__7____. Why haven't you sent him away It's too l____8___. "“Oh, no, I don't want to send him away," he answered w___9___ a smile. "You know, each time I woke him up, he gave me five pounds. Then he went to sleep a___10___."1. _________ 2. _________3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________