重庆市部分学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

重庆市部分学校
2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You can either travel or read, but either your body or your soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Here are four books that you can take on your trip.
1. On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac
The book is a popular spiritual guidebook about youth. The main character in the book drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life.
2. Life Is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." The book describes a young artist's romantic but miserable life, about how he reads, dreams and has a relationship during his trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflects on your current life and to honor the Czech-born writer Kundera.
3. My Name Is Red, 1998, by Orhan Pamuk
The book, a masterpiece of the Nobel Prize winner for Literature Orhan Pamuk, has been translated into more than 50 languages and published around the world. It tells a story of a young man, who was away from home for 12 years, coming back to his hometown in Istanbul. What embraces him is not only love, but a series of murder cases as well.
4. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry, 2013, by Rachel Joyce
The novel tells a story of a 60-year-old man who lived a boring and unhappy life, until one day, he received his old friend's letter who got cancer. In deep shock and sorrow, he went out to send his reply letter. 627 miles in 87 days, he walked depending on one belief that “his friend can survive as long as he walks”.
1. Whose book can make you rethink your own life
A. Jack Kerouac. B. Milan Kundera. C. Orhan Pamuk. D. Rachel Joyce.
2. Which of the following books was sold globally
A. On the Road. B. Life Is Elsewhere.
C. My Name Is Red. D. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry.
3. Why did the old man walk 627 miles to send a letter
A. He walked to keep healthy. B. He was in deep shock and sorrow.
C. He expected his friend to live longer. D. He lived a very boring and unhappy life.
B
I attended a writer’s group to get feedback on my book. But there were so many people there that the discussion was limited. After getting home, my 13-year-old son asked me to read one chapter to him. So I read the chapter about spending my pocket money as a nine-year-old child.
The story took place at a lunch counter, where I dreamed of ordering a banana split. Colorful balloons were hung above the counter and a sign said “Pop（使爆裂）a balloon and pay 1 cent to 63 cents for a banana split!” As I was given only 50 cents for cleaning the doghouse, I didn’t dare to ask my parents for any more pocket money without doing more work or risk asking anyone else. So I kept my wish to myself.
Frankie listened carefully, as I read the final sentences of the chapter, “I watched as others selected a balloon to pop and dreamed about the opportunity to take my chance. But it never happened.”
The next morning, Frankie led me to the kitchen. I couldn't believe my eyes. The table was covered in a pile of balloons. Frankie handed me 50 cents and a fork. “Pop one!” he urged. With tears in my eyes, I broke one. A piece of paper fell out of the balloon.
“What does it say ” Frankie asked. “Fifty cents,” I whispered, too moved to speak loudly. Frankie asked, “Well, do you have50 cents ” I handed him the money. “OK!” Then Frankie pulled out a banana split from the refrigerator.
I hugged Frankie hard. We took turns popping the other balloons until I finally got the1-cent balloon. It was a long-time coming, but worth the wait.
It hit me that the first step in making any wish come true is giving it a voice.
4. Why did the author read the chapter to Frankie
A. Because Frankie wanted her to read it to him.
B. Because she wanted to get feedback from Frankie.
C. Because Frankie had a strong desire for knowledge.
D. Because she was used to telling a bedtime story to him.
5. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2
A. She spent money wisely as a kid. B. She always kept her wish to herself.
C. She had enough money to buy what she liked. D. She earned her pocket money by doing housework.
6. How did the author feel about Frankie’s behavior
A. Excited and comfortable. B. Surprised and moved.
C. Awkward and disappointed. D. Puzzled and anxious.
7. What did the author learn from the experience
A. It is comforting to have a kid around. B. It is important to express one’s wishes.
C. Wishes can come true by just voicing them. D. Experiences in childhood affect us later in life.
C
Kids and science seem to be made for each other!
The basic science is a combination of thought and experiment called the scientific method. It’s where you start with an idea, create a way to prove or disprove your idea, and show what you learned based on facts. Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully. These important thinking skills can be used in many areas of study. To give a child practice with these thinking skills is like giving vitamins to a developing mind.
One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning. Learning science is a great way to do so. Children are easy to be interested in science. Because much of science is hands-on, it attracts most children. Nothing makes a child sit up and take notice like the “WOW!” of a great science showing.
Science opens doors to many subjects at school. Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study. For example, one cannot love science for very long without becoming good at its language-math! So science encourages children to study math. An interest in science is an interest in how things were once understood compared to how they are understood now. Thus studying science lends itself easily to studying history. And after you do an experiment, you need to write a lab report. Therefore, writing becomes an important part of science.
Science is the basic thing for much of our life. The science of farming shows how our food is produced; biomedical science keeps us healthy; even our beds these days are designed according to scientific facts. We almost eat, sleep and breathe with the help of science! When we prepare the next generation of voters, creators and policy makers, it is important to make sure they are not only comfortable but also good at science.
8. According to Paragraph 2, what does learning the scientific method mean to kids
A. Learning to do experiments. B. Learning many areas of study.
C. Helping them develop thinking skills. D. Refusing any ideas that are not logical.
9. Which of the following statements would the author agree with
A. Science is too difficult for children. B. Children usually consider science boring.
C. Science can arouse children's interest in learning. D. Children who are careless shouldn't learn science.
10. What happens to a child who works hard at science at school
A. He usually has no time for other subjects. B. He usually loses interest in other activities.
C. He is usually bad at such subjects like history. D. He is likely to learn many other subjects well.
11. What would be the best title for the text
A. Why Kids Should Learn Science B. Why Science Is Important
C. How Kids Can Make Use of Science D. What Kids Should Learn at School
D
On an island in northern Norway, the sun doesn’t set from May 18 right through to July 26. The locals, having spent the long polar night from November to January, when the sun doesn’t rise at all, make the most of these months, with no regard to conventional timekeeping. The island intends to exchange its watches for flower garlands (花环) and declare itself the world’s first time-free zone.
“There’s constant daylight, and we act accordingly,” says islander Kjell Ove Hveding in a statement. “In the middle of the night, which citizens might call ‘2 am’, you can spot children playing soccer, people painting their houses or mowing their lawns, and teens going for a swim.”
Now they want to make it official. Islanders gathered at a town hall meeting to sign a petition (请愿) for a time-free zone and on June 13, Hveding met with a Norwegian member of parliament (国会) to hand over the locals’ signatures and to discuss the practical and legal challenges.
“To us, getting this in writing would simply mean formalizing the lifestyle we have been living for generations,” he says.
Islanders hope to be free of traditional opening hours and to introduce flexibility in school and working hours. Fishing and tourism are the main industries on this island with a population of little more than 300 people. Local fisher and women often spend days on the ocean for their catch, with little regard to timetable.
It’s clear that they mean business. When visitors cross the bridge to the island from the mainland, they aren’t greeted with padlocks (symbolizing love locks) like on similar bridges worldwide. The bridge is covered with watches, as people prepare for entry to the land time forgot.
12. What do the islanders normally do at midnight from May 18 to July 26
A. Do daily work or have fun. B. Sleep like outside people.
C. Struggle with strong light. D. Turn watches into flowers.
13 What can we learn about the islanders’ living a life free of time
A. It is difficult to describe. B. It has been a long tradition.
C. It is a new kind of lifestyle. D. It proves practical and legal.
14. What does the underlined part “they mean business” mean in the last paragraph
A. Visitors actually prefer watches on bridges. B. Visitors are ready to enter a time-free island.
C. The islanders intend to treat tourism as business. D. The islanders are serious about being free of time.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. An island wants to be a time-free zone officially. B. Islanders in Norway have been free from time.
C. It’s time to lead a life without the limit of time. D. An island won’t be open to the world any longer.
重庆市第一中学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yosemite National Park
Yosemite is all about restoration this year. This month the park's main corridor is being repaired. The park's gallery reopened to the public in April after remodeling to allow full accessibility for the disabled. Even John Muir, known as the father of the national parks, is being revived（使复活）by the actor Lee Stetson, who will answer audience questions about the park and its history at the Yosemite Theater.
Petrified Forest National Park
Petrified Forest National Park is now mapping self-guided hikes to its more remote destinations, in part to remind visitors that the parks are theirs to wander. In August, a new field institute will begin offering classes led by geologists, photographers and other experts. And next year, look for electric vehicle charging stations to appear at the north and south entrances of the park.
Acadia National Park
Acadia National Park is to begin managing a new campground on Maine's Schoodic Peninsula this fall. The site will offer almost 100 R. V. and tent sites, as well as new hiking and biking trails connecting to Gouldsboro Village and existing park trails leading to the peninsula's tip.
Wetherill Mesa
Wetherill Mesa will have an extended season this year（through mid-October）, giving cyclists much time to enjoy new access to the park's six-mile Long House Loop, a paved path formerly used for tram service, and the backcountry routes on the park's most popular hike. Naturally, plans are in the works to open an on-site bike rental operation within the year.
1. What do we know about Yosemite National Park
A. Its gallery is accessible to the disabled. B. It will be closed for repairs all the year
C. Lee Stetson is well-known as its founder. D. It will offer almost 100 R. V. and tent sites.
2. In which national park will you be able to rent bikes
A. Wetherill Mesa. B. Acadia National Park.
C. Yosemite National Park. D. Petrified Forest National Park.
3. What is the purpose of this passage
A. To appeal to people to preserve the national parks. B. To share his own discoveries at the national parks
C. To introduce something new at the national parks. D. To describe the natural scenery of the national parks.
B
Almost everyone knows the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”, which means you should not guess the worth or value of something based on how it looks. That message was clear at a recent event called the Human Library Project. The event took place at the Northern Virginia, or NoVa, Community College, outside of Washington. D.C.
The Human Library began 19 years ago in Denmark. It grew from a youth organization called “Stop the Violence”. Today, it is a worldwide movement. At the NoVa event, students got the chance to learn from a person — a “human book” — instead of a library book.
Patricia Cooper organized the event. She said that human books celebrate variety by telling their life stories in an easy-going setting. The goal of the human library is to talk to people in your community who you may otherwise not speak to because you have your own prejudices and hopefully to break down some of these barriers.
This is the third year that NoVa has held such an event. The collection of human books included a civil rights activist, a scientist from the American space agency NASA, and an opera singer.
Artist Brian Dailey was a human book. He spoke about his travels to 113 countries in seven years. Dailey said that, during his travels, he asked people whom he took pictures of for a one-word answer to a series of other words-such as love, freedom and war. He discovered that people in different countries often had very different reactions to the same word.
When Dailey asked people in Africa about the word “war” they used words like justice liberation and peace. When he asked the same question to people in Syrian refugee (难民) camps, the answer was: “tears, hunger, fear, destruction”.
4. According to the text, how to understand the saying “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”
A. Readers may miss a lot if they read a book just between lines.
B. People can learn more life lessons from others in the human library.
C. People can really understand the value of a book in the human library.
D. Readers can't underestimate the worth of a book because of its plain cover
5. What’s the purpose of organizing the human library
A. To provide more information for readers B. To satisfy the needs of the new generation
C. To make people communicate with each other. D. To improve the environment of the community.
6. What do we learn from the human book of Brian Dailey
A. His reactions to different cultures. B. His international travel experiences.
C. His strong devotion to human rights. D. His contributions to advances in society.
7. Which of the following is the suitable title for the text
A. Don’t Read Books just Between Lines B. Prefer a Human Book to a Real Book.
C. Enjoy Reading with the Help of Others. D. Talk with a Fellow Human from This Library.
C
It's believed that after a poor night's sleep, a strong coffee is the kick-start that many people need in the morning, but a new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.
A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control a risk factor for diabetes（糖尿病）and heart disease.
“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee—subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,” said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK.
For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.
In one, the participants had a normal night's sleep, roughly from 11 p. m. to 7 a. m. , and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond—and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.
On another night participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time, were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.
They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin（胰岛素）responses when compared to the normal night's sleep—although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%—suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.
8. What does the underlined word "kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to
A. A kind of drink. B. A kind of habit. C. A kind of power. D. A kind of medicine.
9. Which of the following is right according to the text
A. If we feel tired， we should choose stronger coffee
B. Drinking coffee first may cause some serious diseases.
C. It shows that having breakfast first can refresh sleepy people
D. Half of people are hard to kick the habit of drinking strong coffee.
10. What increased the participants' blood sugar response most before breakfast
A. A cup of strong black coffee. B. A normal night's sleep.
C. An interrupted night's sleep. D. A normal sugary drink.
11. How did researchers draw the conclusion
A. By listing some examples. B. By observing the process.
C. By explaining a phenomenon. D. By comparing the results.
D
Almost everyone gossips. And a new study finds that people spend about 52 minutes per day, on average, talking to someone about others who are not present
But here’s the surprise: Despite the assumption that most gossip is trash talk, the study finds the majority of gossip is nonjudgmental chat.
“People love to talk about others,” says Jeremy Cone, a psychologist at Williams College. “Think about your own conversations with a family member or friend: You talk about everyday things that keep you connected. You share your daughter got her driver’s license or your uncle has a kidney stone. Much of it is just documenting facts.”
Of course, the study also finds that some gossip is negative or mean-spirited. About 15% of the gossip included some type of negative judgement.
But even negative gossip can serve a purpose, as more research has found.
“I think gossiping can be a smart thing to do,” says Elena Martinescu who has studied gossip in the workplace. “It allows people to keep track of what’s going on and form social connection with other people.”
Research has shown that gossip can help build group cohesion (凝聚力) and cooperation. “When you gossip, you can keep track of who is contributing to the group and who's being selfish,” Martinescu explains. “And by sharing this information, you can exclude those group members who are social loafers (游手好闲的人).”
“We also found negative gossip makes people likely to repair the aspects of their behavior that they were criticized for,” Martinescu says.
So, say, for instance, you were criticized for always arriving at work late. Hearing that gossip about yourself may motivate you to want to be on time.
Of course, this isn’t a license to be loose lips or to repeat baseless claims that can damage someone’s reputation unfairly. But confiding (吐露个人隐私) in your friends and colleagues and sharing impressions about another person—even when they’re negative—may be helpful.
12. Why do people often gossip according to Jeremy Cone
A. Because gossip can satisfy their curiosity. B. Because they can share social information.
C. Because they want to correct others’ mistakes. D. Because spreading negative facts is unavoidable.
13. In Elena Martinescu’s opinion, what can people benefit from gossip
A. People can be improved in an all-round way B. People can get rid of immoral behavior rapidlv.
C. People can be kept informed of others' privacy. D. People can change their behavior for the better.
14. Which of the following statements is right according to the text
A. It is plain to see that people gossip all the time.
B. Based on the study, the majority of gossip is trash talk.
C. It’s advisable that we turn a deaf ear to negative gossip.
D. It’s likely that gossip helps us know more about one's quality.
15. What conclusion can we draw about gossip
A. Gossip is the last thing people could do. B. Gossip should be advocated by the society.
C. Gossip may not be as harmful as it sounds. D. Gossip is the best way to build social bonds.
重庆市巴蜀中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How to feel more affection for 'very annoying'14-year-old son
Hi Carolyn: I have two children who are both fundamentally good kids. But one is a very. very cute 10-year-old daughter and the other is a very, very annoying 14-year-old son. One is cuddly and sweet and funny. The other is only rarely cuddly or sweet, funny but snarky （言辞尖刻的） and seems to adore one thing： contradicting every statement I make.
I know this is normal teenage behavior, but right now, 1 feel only annoyance toward him. And then I feel guilty, because I think he can sense the difference. What can I do
---Annoyed
Hi Annoyed: As you know - and as you've sensed in his sensing the difference -he still needs you around and wants your approval. The surly （脾气坏的） stuff isn’t everything. There’s an interesting person developing in there. The cute-caterpillar （毛毛虫） stage was always going to be temporary. Be the person who sees him grow and transform into a butterfly, and delight in it.
Readers' thoughts:
●Been there. Survived. One action I took: I hugged him every day. Whether I wanted to or not.
----Linda
●Teens want to be seen as adults. Appreciate his desire to be independent and praise him when he is.
---David
●I recently saw a social media post that said: “You think you've got it bad Some people are 15.”He has to survive being a teenager. Please be kind to him. ---Jeff
●I remember my parents started letting me set aside a summer weekend or two where I could stay up as late as I wanted. The rest of the year, I lived life according to our family's schedule and needs. But those precious few nights were 100 percent MINE. ---Sue
Write to Carolyn Hax at tellme@. Get her column delivered to your inbox each morning at wapo.st / gethax.
21. Which of the following could best sum up Carolyn Hax's reply
A.Blame and label. B.Support. Don't judge.
C.Model and persuade. D.Seek help. Don't ignore.
22.Who shared the same experience with Annoyed
A .Linda. B. David. C. Jeff. D. Sue.
23. In which part of a newspaper may this text appear
A.Feature story. B. Critic review.
C.Advice column. D. Classified ad.
B
Teaching is a constant process of upgrade, where every moment you learn new things, not only as a teacher, but also as a human being.
At the start of my career, I believe I should come across to my students as a 'no-nonsense' type of person. My entire focus was towards maintaining classroom discipline（纪律）.It was tough. Most of my Indian students were from a rural background. They would intentionally use vocabulary that sounded Greek to me. They did all in their power to make me feel like a fish out of water.
My last lecture ended at 2.30 in the afternoon. Some of the students approached me begging to let them leave 15 minutes early as they had a bus to catch. My permission resulted in a stir and restlessness as half of the class stood up to leave. They all had buses to catch! Unable to distinguish between the genuine ones and those faking it, I put a ban on anybody leaving before time.
One evening, I spotted three boys from my last class at the bus stop. I called out, ‘You constantly blame me for not allowing you to leave early because you have a bus to catch and here you are still hanging around at 5 pm !' One of the boys replied respectfully and humbly, “Madam, the bus leaves at 2:30.If we leave the class at 2:15, we are able to make it. In case we miss it, the next bus to our village comes after three hours. Now we are waiting for it. At this hour, the bus will be overloaded and we will not even get a seat.”
I was full of remorse （懊悔）. The next day， I asked all the students who had a bus to catch to write an application, get it signed and leave whenever they wanted, without seeking my permission. I learnt the first lesson of my life as a teacher-learn to empathize （共鸣） with your students， for they would learn better from you when they respect you than when they fear you.
24.What gave the author the biggest headache when she started teaching
A. Her students' serious violent behavior.
B. Her inability to understand Greek words.
C. Her struggle to keep her classes in order.
D. Her students' diverse educational backgrounds.
25.How did the author deal with the students' request to leave before time at first
A.She took it seriously. B.She approved it instantly.
C.She rejected it completely. D.She processed it gracefully.
26.How did the author feel the moment she spotted the three boys at the bus stop
A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Regretful. D. Annoyed.
27.What advice would the author give to her fellow teachers by sharing the story
A. Show students that you respect them.
B. Relate to students' emotional experiences.
C. Cooperate with students to promote learning.
D. Evaluate yourself first and the students second.
C
It was a method favoured by the inventor Thomas Edison and the artist Salvador Dali. Waking from a nap exactly at the point before deep sleep in an effort to inspire creativity.
Edison held a metal ball in his hand so that if he nodded off he would drop it and the sound would wake him. For Dali, it was a key landing on a plate. Now scientists have found that they might have been onto something.
Researchers at the Paris Brain Institute studied people's ability to find a hidden rule in a maths puzzle. Identifying the trick would make solving the problem far simpler but to do so required thinking creatively. The scientists found that participants who had been woken just before falling into a deep sleep, using a technique like that used by Edison and Dali, were more likely to find the shortcut.
This “twilight zone" is known as non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1, or N1.Scientists described it like an exaggerated form of mind-wandering, where dream-like thoughts fill the mind. It is thought that as people start to disengage （脱离） from their environment they can ＂freely watch their minds wander， while maintaining their ability to identify creative sparks （火花）”.
For the study 103 people were given a maths problem to solve. To reach the final answer they had to apply the rules step by step but, unknown to them, a “hidden rule" would allow them to bypass most of the steps and get to the solution much more quickly. The results showed that 83 percent of those in the N1 group had found the shortcut, compared with 31 percent in the group who were awake and 14 percent of those in a deep sleep.
Researchers conclude that the brain activity common to the twilight zone between sleep and wakefulness set off creative sparks. ＂Although the neural mechanisms（神经机制）involved are not yet known, our findings suggest that there is a creative sweet spot within the twilight zone,” said Dr Thomas Andrillon, co-author of the study.
28.Why did the author mention “a metal ball” and “a key” in Paragraph 2
A. To clarify a method. B. To explain a theory.
C. To present a concept. D. To make a comparison.
29.What can we learn about “the twilight zone” from the text
A. It prevents your mind from wandering.
B. It determines what your dreams will be like.
C. It is known as rapid eye movement sleep stage.
D. It is a state of being half asleep and half-awake.
30. What does “the shortcut” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A.The maths problem. B.The final answer.
C.The hidden rule. D.The added step.
31. What attitude may Dr Thomas Andrillon hold to the technique used by Edison and Dali
A.Doubtful. B.Critical. C.Indifferent. D.Favorable.
D
Female birds sing, too, but scientists tend to tune in to male birdsong and ignore female songs. It highlights a long-standing bias （偏见） and helps us think about why that bias persists（持续）.
Since the beginning of modern birdsong research, the field has focused on male songbirds. Any serious birder could tell you that females do sing, sometimes as frequently as males. However, early birdsong researchers tended to be men. Men are significantly less likely than women to lead research projects studying female songs. Thus, we are missing key behaviors as a result of historical biases caused by a lack of diverse participation in science.
So how do we make science welcoming and accessible for all We need to communicate better with nonscientists. Engaging the public in science is essential for basic science findings that influence how we perceive the world around us.
For example, understanding that female birds do sing matters not only to scientists but also to the billions of people who hear the sounds of wild birds every day. In many species, males and females look similar from a distance, but can be distinguished by ear. Paying close attention to which sounds each sex makes and thinking about why they might be producing them opens up a richer window into the environment around us. It turns out female birds use songs for all the same reasons male birds do: to signal individual identity, defend valuable territories and attract potential mates.
Public awareness of female birdsong has the potential to change the science itself. Apps like eBird collect millions of public observations and audio recordings of birds every year. Increasing public engagement and involvement with research promises to benefit the scientific community and society more broadly. In many cases, scientists and experts already have strongly held biases about the way the world works, and these biases allow mistaken conclusions to persist. Public observers often make better observers of the world around them because they lack preconceived ideas.
Female birds sing! We welcome a future where research and communication combine to improve our understanding of the world around us and deepen our connections to each other and the natural world.
32.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A. Who is to blame for the long-standing bias.
B. Why female birdsong is long ignored by scientists.
C. What contributes to diverse participation in science.
D. How men have conducted modern birdsong research.
33. Why is it important for us to be aware of female birdsong
A. It will enable us to become real scientists.
B. It will help us distinguish bird species by ear.
C. It will expand our understanding of the world.
D. It will make advanced science accessible for all.
34.What does the underlined word “preconceived” mean in Paragraph 5
A.Biased. B.Creative. C.Mistaken. D.Varied.
35.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Why We Didn't Know That Female Birds Sing
B. Advancing Science: How Bias Leads Us Forward
C. New Research Has Found Female Birds Sing Too!
D.A Case Study of Gender Bias in Science Reporting
重庆市第十八中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A（原创）
Many workers have had no choice but to adapt to working from home in recent months since offices shut down due to the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). And the noisy situation and endless housework may result in a terrible emotion. A new option is waiting for you. That is WFH: work from a hotel.
Hotel Figuero
A special program titled Work Perks aims to reposition some of 94-year-old Hotel Figuero’s 268 rooms as day-use offices.
According to Managing Director Connie Wang, the set-up launched in June and is a great opportunity to get out of their houses with high-speed Wi-Fi, unlimited printing privileges and free parking. The 350-square-foot rooms sell for $ 129 per day, with an option to extend to an overnight stay for an additional $ 20.
The Wythe
A boutique hotel in Brooklyn. The hotel recently announced a partnership with co-working office space company Industrious through which it is recycling 13 second-story guest rooms to serve as offices for up to four people.
Each of the rooms has a small outdoor platform, and dogs are welcome. Pricing starts at $ 200 and goes up to $ 275, depending on how many people use the space.
HotelsByDay
Yannis Moati founded HotelsByDay back in 2015. That company has grown to include more than 1,500 hotels, and has seen a significant increase in the number of inquiries for day-use bookings lately.
Moati said the current situation will force hotels to upgrade themselves to stay alive, and he predicted that offering rooms for day-use only is one of the directions they will go.
1. How much does a room cost for a 24-hour stay in Hotel Figuero
A. $ 129. B. $ 149. C. $ 200. D. $ 275.
2. What may especially attract consumers to The Wythe
A. It allows pets in.
B. It has the best perfect location.
C. It provides workers with larger rooms.
D. It charges money cheaper than other hotels.
3. What do we know about Yannis Moati
A. He started a program titled Work Perks.
B. He has upgraded at least 1,500 rooms.
C. He usually predicts everything correctly.
D. He is optimistic about the WFH trend.
B（原创）
Fire Capt Kevin Lloyd arrived at the scene of a car accident in West Point, Utah, north of Salt Lake City. A pregnant woman and her screaming 2-year-old daughter were trapped in the car.
While his partner, Allen Hadley, was tending to the driver,Lloyd couldn’t get the frightened girl to calm down. He saw she was holding several bottles of nail polish, and then he had a better idea. He asked her if she wanted to paint his nails. Soon her eyes lit up. At the same time, Hadley showed up to check on the scene.
Lloyd had calmed her down and was in the process of getting his fingers painted. Then Hadley just put his hand in there. The girl began to color his nails pink. By this time, she was not only calm, but she was also happy.
The girl’s mother was not injured. She thanked them for helping her daughter feel better, and they all chuckled, looking at the nails, and took some photos.
The firefighters brought the photos back to the headquarters and showed them around. The department put them up on the social media, and thousands of people responded, with many thanking the firefighters for going out of their way to calm down a frightened girl.
Fire Chief Mark Becraft said he had been surprised at all the attention. He said he was proud of his firefighters, and added that he had known members of the department who had done many things that weren’t part of the job.
After the fact, Lloyd and Hadley had a small matter to tend to: the layers of polish on their nails. They bought a bottle of nail polish remover and used almost all of it.
4. Why was the 2-year-old girl frightened
A. Her mother was severely injured.
B. Her nails were hurt by the bottles.
C. She suffered a traffic accident.
D. She was scared to see firefighters.
5. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “chuckled” in Paragraph 4
A. Hugged. B. Laughed. C. Bowed. D. Sighed.
6. Which of the following can best describe the two firefighters
A. Courageous. B. Generous. C. Determined. D. Considerate.
7. What is the best title of the text
A. A Traffic Accident B. Pink Nails
C. A Frightened Girl D. Two Firefighters
C（改编）
Rich as a King
William I, who conquered England some 930 years ago, had wealth, power and an army. Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet (抽水马桶), or riding lawn mower (除草机). How did he get by
History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me. I have storm windows, Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great, but he couldn’ t buy cat food. Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw.
Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, you’ d think I’d be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my wealth with that of living persons: neighbors, school classmates, famous TV people. The greed I feel toward my friend Howard’ s new kitchen is not reduced by the fact no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.
There is really no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about. You’ d think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood, but no, we want a hot bath too.
Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today’ s standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of many investment bankers, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.
Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers’ fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby. I can’t keep up with my neighbors right now. But just wait.
8. What can be inferred from paragraph 1&2
A. What a luxury life they once led!
B There were so many great rulers in history.
C. They could easily gain wealth than average people.
D. They might not live in a satisfactory way in the eyes of the writer.
9. How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4 D. 5
10. According to the passage, the author proposes to ______.
A. tell us to be content with life B. encourage us to struggle for wealth
C recommend living in a simple way D. teach us to learn lessons from life
11. What’ s the author’ s attitude towards life
A. Indifferent. B. Cautious. C. Uncertain. D. Positive.
D（改编）
Plant breeding(育种) is the science of changing the characteristics of plants in order to produce desired ones. Genes in a plant are what determine what type of characteristics it will have. Plant breeders try to create a specific outcome of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species.
People all over the world are arguing about its benefits and disadvantages. Some people use the technology to produce desired characteristics of plants and animals. Other people are concerned that the genetically engineered plants may harm the environment and worried that they may be dangerous for people to eat.
There are many reasons for changing plants in this way. International development agencies believe that breeding new crops is important for ensuring food security by developing new varieties that are higher yielding, disease-resistant, drought----tolerant or regionally adapted to different environments and growing conditions. For example, some genetically engineered plants can live through frost or draught. As a result, farmers can make more profit because fewer plants will die.
Some genetically engineered plants are more nutritious. They have less fat,taste better or stay fresher than non-genetically engineered plants. This will allow people to buy better-quality fruit and vegetables. Some can resist natural pests and viruses spread by insects. This reduces the amount of chemical needed to kill pests, which is helpful to the environment.
However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems. Genetically engineered plants that resist pests may pass on that characteristic to a wild relative. This may cause the wild plant to spread fast, because pests are not naturally killing it. They can also harm animals. A type of corn has been developed which kills a species of insect that destroys it. The pollen(花粉) from this corn, however, can also kill monarch butterflies----the most beautiful of all butterflies, which do not harm the corn.
Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.
12. According to the passage, what is the objective of plant breeding
A. To change the genes of plants.
B To produce preferable plant varieties.
C. To beautify the environment.
D. To assess the value of the practice.
13. Why could plant breeding ensure food security
A. Because food is of better quality.
B. Because drought and frost hardly happen.
C. Because farmers can make more money.
D. Because higher production is guaranteed.
14. How can some genetically engineered plants benefit the environment
A. Less harmful chemicals are used.
B. They can adapt to different environments.
C. Some beautiful butterflies are killed.
D. The food they produce taste better or stay fresher.
15. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
(①= Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph4，⑤=Paragraph 5，⑥= Paragraph 6)
A. B.
C. D.
重庆市渝高中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Among many celebrated U.S. places for very cool sunsets, here are notable favorites.
California Dreamin’
While you are visiting California Dreamin’, El Matador’s eye-catching nightfall is a worthy way to lead you into deep thought. It is about the sands of time. Pack a basket of delicious food for a late-in-the-day picnic overlooking the Pacific Ocean, via the Pacific Coast Highway. The sunset is a sweet dessert.
Grand Canyon, Arizona
The 1,218,375-acre Grand Canyon National Park is wonderful. The canyon itself stretches 277 miles. Its wildlife is also so abundant. You can go to the South Rim of the canyon (大峡谷), which offers the best sunset advantages. Sometimes, you can see deer running and eagles flying with the sunset standing as the background. An unforgettable thrill: Grand Canyon Floor Landing Helicopter Sunset Tour by Canyon Tours.
Florida Serenity
Called the River of Grass, Everglades National Park — South Florida’s amazing 1.5-million-acre wetland reserve — is quilted with coastal trees and grass. An especially chosen sunset-watching site is near Mrazek Pond, approximately three miles north of the Flamingo Visitor Center. This is a birder’s (观鸟者) dream place, too, home to more than 360 species.
Hawaii Aloha
Haleakala Crater in Hawaii Aloha, a vast dormant (休眠期的) volcano 10,023 feet above sea level, is famous for its sunrises — so that dawn sun-seekers climb the volcano in the middle of the night to make the long drive up a winding road to the summit. But Haleakala’s sunsets are just as amazing. Since fewer people arrive late in the day, a more personal sunset participation is possible. Consider a private or group sunset hike to appreciate the Pacific Ocean. It is worthwhile.
1. What can visitors do in Grand Canyon
A. Visit the wetland reserve. B. Have an unforgettable picnic.
C. Appreciate the sunset by tour bus. D. See eagles flying over the canyon.
2. Where is a good place for bird-watching
A. Hawaii Aloha. B. Florida Serenity.
C. California Dreamin’. D. Grand Canyon, Arizona.
3. What do California Dreamin’ and Hawaii Aloha have in common
A. They both supply a sweet dessert.
B. They both allow a more personal sunset hike.
C. They both offer the views of the Pacific Ocean.
D. They both have wonderful sunsets and sunrises.
B
One beautiful day, I showed up for work, where I had just been promoted. I was right in the middle of training a new girl, when my boss asked to talk to me for a second. After that conversation, you can effectively cross “had a good job" off my comfortable living checklist. No warning. In fact, just the month before I had received my fifth Employee of the Month award. I was speechless and so was everyone else. Seven of us were cut from my department that day. Later, I would discover that there were thousands of cuts companywide. I worked at a bank. A failing one.
When something like this happens to you, it's natural to ask why. I reviewed all my work accomplishments. I thought about how I had been a top performer every month since I was hired and about how they gave me the highest rating on my review. What had I done wrong What could I have done better
The truth is that sometimes we search for a logical explanation in a situation that can’t be understood. The only way to move past it is to have confidence in the job you did as an employee and understand that you are a victim of an unfortunate circumstance.
Speaking of writing, with all of the extra time on my hands, I reunited with the long lost love of my life: writing.
I decided to pursue writing as an actual job. I designed a website and applied for writing jobs. I started getting more and more clients. It occurred to me that with some hard work I might be able to make a living doing what I love. So there I was, three months after the sky fell, thinking about how incredibly blessed I was. And this would never have happened had I not lost something in the first place.
4. What happened to the author that day according to paragraph 1
A. She was fired. B. She was scolded.
C. She got a promotion. D. She received an award.
5. What do we learn about the author
A. Her performance was great.
B. Her colleagues weren't friendly.
C. She was misunderstood by her boss
D. She always failed to finish her tasks on time.
6. How did the author feel about her situation in the end
A. Concerned. B. Satisfied.
C. Surprised. D. Disappointed.
7. What would be the best title for the text
A. Interest Will Help Us to Find a Way
B. If You Can Dream It, You Can Do It.
C. Nothing Is Impossible to a Willing Heart
D. When One Door Closes, Another Opens
C
In August 2020, Kate Wilson, a 16-year-old from Shrewsbury, posted on the social media video platform TikTok a series of sentences from books she had read. Set to a piece of soft music, the short video plays out as Wilson holds up copies of the books. “You have been the last dream of my soul,” from A Tale of Two Cities(双城计). “Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same,” from Wuthering Heights(呼啸山庄). It has been viewed more than million times.
These posts, called BookTok, can attract millions of views, and light an appreciation of books in young readers again. “I started reading again after six years when I came across BookTok for the first time last October,” says Mireille Lee, 15.
Adam Silvera’s 2017 novel They Both Die at the End is one of the books to have benefited from the BookTok effect. In March, it shot to the top of the teen fiction charts, selling more than 4,000 copies a week. The book has sold more than 200,000 copies in the UK after thousands of posts about it.
Publishers are watching with interest. Publisher Horrox says: “There’s something about the fact that it is under a minute. People who are consuming this content watch a 32-second video and someone’s like: ‘This book has romance, and it’s really heartbreaking. Thankfully, it’s only a fiction.’ And then the viewers think: ‘Those are all things that I’m interested in. I’ll go and buy it.’” By December 2020, Wilson was being contacted regularly by publishers, who had realized that TikTok “really does sell books.”
Jenny is 22, and says: “I thought Tiktok was ridiculous last year before the first lockdown(限制). I really did think it was just for 14-year-olds, but BookTok is such a lovely community. There are people who like the same books as me, and I can talk about the books that I like. It just seems a little bit magical.”
8. What is the purpose of mentioning Kate Wilson’s story
A. To lead to the main topic.
B. To introduce some books.
C. To encourage more people to read classics.
D. To compare her with other teen fans.
9. Who might get the least benefit from BookTok
A. The readers. B. The authors.
C. The workers. D. The publishers.
10. What is Jenny’s attitude towards BookTok
A. Worried. B. Supportive.
C. Critical. D. Puzzled.
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. BookTok Attracts Many Fans
B. BookTok Helps Readers Select a Book
C. BookTok Provides Short Videos about Reading
D. BookTok Has a Great Influence on Young Readers
D
I woke up with drool (口水) on my pillow this morning. I wouldn’t have minded except it wasn’t mine. The alarm clock rang, and I reached over to turn it off. As I laid my face back down on the pillow, I felt the wet drool on my pillow case. I opened my eyes and saw a smiling, furry face gazing down at me. I tried to get up, but she was too fast. My face was suddenly covered in kisses with one going straight up my nose and another right in my ear. I laughed, reached out and picked up the eight-pound love machine and held her away from my wet face. It was just another morning in a life with dogs.
Why do we welcome them into our homes and our hearts We know that we are most likely going to outlive them and have our hearts broken when they age quickly and pass away after ten to fifteen years. We know that there will be vet (兽医) bills, flea baths and enough fur to make a vacuum(真空的) cleaner cry. We know that our ears will ring from the barking, that we will be picking up poop (大便) every single day and that we will never get to finish a full sandwich again.
Yet, when we are feeling down or blue, there will always be a soft head on our lap needing to be pet. When we get home after a long day’s work, there will be a happy face at the door waiting for us. Our lives will be full of balls to throw and love and loyalty that will warm our hearts and uplift our souls.
For thousands of years, dogs have been our best friends. They remain one of the greatest gifts life has ever given us. Even if they can’t love us for the rest of our lives, they will always love us for all of theirs.
12. How does the author probably feel about his dog every morning
A. Awful. B. Impatient.
C. Delighted. D. Thrilled.
13. What figure of speech is used in the underlined part in Paragraph 2
A. Irony(反语). B. Contrast.
C. Repetition. D. Personification(拟人).
14. What is the function of Paragraph 2
A. Exploring why we love dogs.
B. Showing how dogs can be a burden.
C. Giving examples of dogs’ bad behavior.
D. Describing how dogs can be charming.
15. Why did the writer write this article
A. To give the good and bad points of raising dogs.
B. To share how much joy his dog has brought him.
C. To say that having a dog is worth all the trouble.
D. To tell the importance of a dog’s company.
答案：
重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四本书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据2. Life Is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera下列介绍中“The book invites you to deeply reflects on your current life and to honor the Czech-born writer Kundera.(这本书让你深刻反思自己目前的生活，并向捷克出生的作家Kundera致敬。)”可知，Milan Kundera能让你反思自己的生活。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据3. My Name Is Red, 1998, by Orhan Pamuk下列段落中“The book, a masterpiece of the Nobel Prize winner for Literature Orhan Pamuk, has been translated into more than 50 languages and published around the world. (这本书是诺贝尔文学奖得主Orhan Pamuk的杰作，已被翻译成50多种语言，并在世界各地出版。)”可知，My Name Is Red 在全球销售。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据4. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry, 2013, by Rachel Joyce下列段落中“627 miles in 87 days, he walked depending on one belief that ‘his friend can survive as long as he walks’. (87天走了627英里，他只有一个信念，那就是‘只要他走，他的朋友就能活下来’。)”可知，是因为他希望他的朋友活得更久。故选C项。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和儿子之间发生的有爱的故事，儿子帮助作者实现了儿时的愿望。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“After getting home, my 13-year-old son asked me to read one chapter to him. So I read the chapter about spending my pocket money as a nine-year-old child.( 回家后，我13岁的儿子要我读一章给他听。所以我读了关于在我九岁的时候花零用钱的章节)”可知, 是Frankie要求作者给他读的。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As I was given only 50 cents for cleaning the doghouse, I didn’t dare to ask my parents for any more pocket money without doing more work or risk asking anyone else.(因为我打扫狗窝只得到50美分，因为我没有做更多的工作不敢再向父母要零用钱，也不敢冒险问别人要)”可知，作者平时是靠做家务获得零花钱的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“I couldn’t believe my eyes…With tears in my eyes, I broke one.( 我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛…我泪流满面，打破了一个)”可知，作者对儿子所做的事情感到吃惊和感动的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It hit me that the first step in making any wish come true is to give it a voice.( 我突然意识到，要实现任何愿望，第一步就是他、把它说出来)”可知，作者把自己九岁时没有实现的愿望读给儿子听，儿子帮自己实现了童年的愿望，作者认为，把愿望表达出来是最重要的。故选B项。
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处，解释了为什么孩子应该学习科学。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully. (学习遵循这个过程可以帮助你进行逻辑思考和仔细思考。)”可知，学习科学方法对孩子意味着帮助他们发展思考能力。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning. Learning science is a great way to do so. Children are easy to be interested in science. (我们可以教给孩子的最伟大的事情之一就是热爱学习。学习科学是一个很好的方法。孩子们很容易对科学感兴趣。)”可以推知，作者认为科学可以激发孩子们的学习兴趣。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Science opens doors to many subjects at school. Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study. (科学为学校的许多学科打开了大门。培养对科学的热爱有助于其他领域的研究。)”以及后面所举实例可知，一个在学校努力学习科学的孩子会学好许多其他科目。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Kids and science seem to be made for each other! (孩子和科学似乎是天生的一对！)”和最后一段中“When we prepare the next generation of voters, creators and policy makers, it is important to make sure they are not only comfortable but also good at science. (当我们为下一代选民、创造者和决策者做好准备时，重要的是确保他们不仅舒适，而且擅长科学。)”可知，本文主要谈论了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处，选项A“为什么孩子应该学习科学”符合文章主题，适合做标题。故选A项。
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。在挪威北部的一个岛屿上，太阳从5月18日一直到7月26日都不会落下，这个岛屿想要正式成为一个无时间限制区。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“you can spot children playing soccer, people painting their houses or mowing their lawns, and teens going for a swim”(你可以看到孩子们在踢足球，人们在粉刷房子或修剪草坪，青少年在游泳)可知，岛民通常在5月18日至7月26日的午夜从事日常工作或娱乐。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“To us, getting this in writing would simply mean formalizing the lifestyle we have been living for generations”(对我们来说，把这些写下来仅仅意味着将我们世世代代的生活方式正式化)可知，岛民过着自由时间是一个悠久的传统。故选B。
14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“When visitors cross the bridge to the island from the mainland, they aren’t greeted with padlocks (symbolizing love locks) like on similar bridges worldwide. The bridge is covered with watches, as people prepare for entry to the land time forgot.”(当游客从大陆过桥到岛上时，迎接他们的不是世界其他桥上象征爱情的挂锁，而是挂满了手表的一座桥，人们要准备好进入被时间遗忘之地。)可推知，岛上居民在桥上挂满手表，用来表示岛上不需要计时，说明岛上的居民非常重视时间的自由，他们对这一问题是严肃认真的，划线句表达了同样的意思，且句中“mean business”是习语，意为“是当真的，不是开玩笑”。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第一段最后一句“The island intends to exchange its watches for flower garlands and declare itself the world’s first time-free zone”(该岛打算用手表换花环，并宣布自己为世界上第一个自由时间区。)可知，文章主要是介绍了一个岛屿想要正式成为一个无时间限制区。故选A。
重庆市第一中学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍关于几个国家公园的新规划。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ The park's gallery reopened to the public in April after remodeling to allow full accessibility for the disabled. ”（公园的画廊经过改造后，于4月重新向公众开放，允许残疾人完全进入。）可知，残疾人可以无障碍地进入公园的画廊。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Naturally, plans are in the works to open an on-site bike rental operation within the year.”（当然，在今年内开设现场自行车租赁业务的计划正在进行中。）可知，在今后不久的将来，你能在Wetherill Mesa公园租赁到自行车。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Yosemite is all about restoration this year.”（Yosemite公园今年准备修复）、第二段“Petrified Forest National Park is now mapping self-guided hikes to its more remote destinations, in part to remind visitors that the parks are theirs to wander.”（石化森林国家公园现在在地图上标注了到更偏远目的地的自助徒步旅行路线，这在一定程度上是为了提醒游客，这些公园属于他们。）、第三段“Acadia National Park is to begin managing a new campground on Maine's Schoodic Peninsula this fall.”（今年秋天，阿卡迪亚国家公园将开始在缅因州的斯库迪克半岛开辟一个新的露营地。）及最后一段“Wetherill Mesa will have an extended season this year（through mid-October）, giving cyclists much time to enjoy new access to the park's six-mile Long House Loop”（Wetherill Mesa今年将有一个延长的季节(到10月中旬)，让骑自行车的人有更多的时间享受进入公园的6英里长的新的Long House Loop。 ）可知，本篇文章在介绍这四个国家公园的新的规划。故选C项。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“人类图书馆”计划。该计划始于19世纪，在这项活动中，人们有机会向另一个人——一本“行走的书”——学习，而不是图书馆里的纸质书。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段 “Almost everyone knows the saying, ‘Don’t judge a book by its cover.’, which means you should not guess the worth or value of something based on how it looks”（几乎每个人都知道“Don’t judge a book by its cover.”这句话，意思是你不应该根据一件东西的外观来判断它的价值）可知，这句话的意思是不能根据事物的外观来判断它的价值，即读者不能因为一本书的平装封面而低估它的价值。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The goal of the human library is to talk to people in your community who you may otherwise not speak to because you have your own prejudices and hopefully to break down some of these barriers.”（人类图书馆的目标是与你社区里的人交流，通常，可能因为你有自己的偏见而不愿意和他们交流，人类图书馆有望能打破这些障碍）可知，这个项目的目的是让人们与其他人更多地交流。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Artist Brian Dailey was a human book. He spoke about his travels to 113 countries in seven years.”（艺术家布莱恩·戴利是一本“行走的书”。 他讲述了自己在7年里游历113个国家的经历）可知，布莱恩·戴利游历了113个国家，作为一本“行走的书”，他的国际旅行经历是我们学习的内容。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段“At the NoVa event, students got the chance to learn from a person—a “human book”—instead of a library book.”（在NoVa的活动中，学生们得到了向一个人学习的机会——一本“行走的书”，而不是图书馆的书）可知，本文介绍了“人类图书馆计划”，在这个计划中，学生有机会与一个人——一本“行走的书”，而不是一本纸质书交流，并向他们学习，所以“Talk with a Fellow Human from This Library（和“人类图书馆”里的人类交流）”是最佳标题。故选D项。
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现先喝咖啡会对控制血糖产生负面影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“after a poor night's sleep”（在晚上没睡好之后）及定语从句“many people need in the morning”（许多人在早上需要的）修饰该名词，可推断指代晚上没睡好后，早上醒来提神醒脑的一种力量能源。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%—suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.”（然而，早餐前喝浓咖啡实际上会增加50%左右的血糖反应——这表明，在糟糕的一夜之后依靠咖啡来消除困倦，可能会限制身体对早餐糖分的耐受能力。）可知，先喝咖啡可能会导致身体产生一些疾病。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%—suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.”（然而，早餐前喝浓咖啡实际上会增加50%左右的血糖反应——这表明，在糟糕的一夜之后依靠咖啡来消除困倦，可能会限制身体对早餐糖分的耐受能力。）可知，一杯浓咖啡会增加受试者的血糖反应。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.”（在他们的研究中，巴斯大学的研究人员让29名健康的男性和女性参加了三个不同的通宵实验，间隔至少一周。）以及文章最后一段“They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin（胰岛素）responses when compared to the normal night's sleep”（他们发现，与正常睡眠相比，一晚的睡眠中断并没有使参与者的血糖和胰岛素反应恶化。）可知，研究者是通过对比试验结果得出结论的。故选D项。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对八卦进行了一个客观的评价，我们可能想象不到八卦也有其好处。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段Jeremy Cone的话“Think about your own conversations with a family member or friend: You talk about everyday things that keep you connected. You share your daughter got her driver’s license or your uncle has a kidney stone. Much of it is just documenting facts.（想象一下你和家人或者朋友的对话：你们谈论让你们保持联系的日常事务。你的女儿拿到驾照了或者你叔叔得了肾结石。其中大部分只是记录事实）”可知，Jeremy Cone认为八卦是保持日常社交联系，分享信息的一种方式，故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段Martinescu的话“We also found negative gossip makes people likely to repair the aspects of their behavior that they were criticized for（我们也发现，消极的八卦能让人改正他们被批评的行为）”可知，在Elena Martinescu看来，有时候八卦会让你正确看待自己的不足，从而改变不好的某些行为或习惯。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第一段“But confiding（吐露个人隐私）in your friends and colleagues and sharing impressions about another person—even when they're negative—may be helpful.（但是吐露朋友、同事的隐私，并和另外一个人分享印象也许是有帮助的）”以及文章倒数第三段“When you gossip, you can keep track of who is contributing to the group and who's being selfish,（当你八卦是，你可以了解到谁对团队做了贡献，谁更自私）”可知，八卦极有可能让我们更了解一个人的品质。故选D。
15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合根据倒数第三段“We also found negative gossip makes people likely to repair the aspects of their behavior that they were criticized for（我们也发现，消极的八卦能让人改正他们被批评的行为）”和最后一段“But confiding (吐露个人隐私) in your friends and colleagues and sharing impressions about another person—even when they’re negative—may be helpful.（但是向你的朋友和同事倾诉，分享对另一个人的印象，即使他们是消极的，可能会有帮助）”可推知，八卦有时也有好处，可能并不像听起来那么有害。故选C。
重庆市巴蜀中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
21-25 BACCB 26-30 DBADC 31-35 DBCAA
A
语篇类型：应用文
文章大意：答问专栏：我很讨厌十几岁的儿子，该怎么办？
21. B 段落大意。Carolyn Hax的回复中提到“he still needs you around and wants your approval”， 说明儿子需要母亲的陪伴和赞同，以及下文中“The surly (脾气坏的) stuff isn’t everything. There’s an interesting person developing in there.”“脾气不好并不是最重要的，有一个有趣的人在成长”，可知专栏作家的建议是要给孩子足够支持，不要给孩子贴上不好的标签，他正在经历毛毛虫蜕变为蝴蝶的过程。
22. A 细节理解。根据Linda所说的第一句话“Been there. Survived.”，可知她也曾有同样的经历并艰难度过。
23. C 文章出处。文章整体内容含读者来信咨询问题，专栏作家回复以及其他读者评论，明显
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