重庆市部分学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

重庆市部分学校
2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
重庆市第八中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期末考试英语试题（解析版）
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A B C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Would you like to know a fun way to learn about math Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it’s true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading.
Patience and problem solving skills
When you build a model railroad, you have to plan your railroad out. You have to decide where the tracks will go, where to put buildings, where to put streets and any other things you would like to add to your model railroad. Also, you have to think about any problems you may have with the design you choose. How will you make railroad crossings How will you design hills, mountains, and rivers Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.
Building skills
With model railroading, you learn how to put together plastic models of buildings. Also, you can learn how to build a table for your design, or make scenery for the geography of your design. Your model railroad runs on electricity, so you learn about electronics as well.
Fun for family and friends
Different from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad. By spending time with the people in your life you love and care about, you learn to become closer and care more for each other. Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains. Watching the trains run around the track and make all the sounds and do all the things that real trains do gives people hours of enjoyment.
I hope you can learn to enjoy model railroading and experience all the benefits you just read about and many others. Happy railroading!
11. In order to build a model railroad, you have to be ________.
A. thoughtful and patient B. an electrical engineer
C. skillful and confident D. an expert in geography
12. According to the author, model railroading is a social hobby because ________.
A. it encourages us to complete it on our own
B. it improves the problem solving skills and creativity
C. it offers us chances to communicate with family and friends
D. it brings us hours of enjoyment and great satisfaction
13. What is the best part of model railroading
A. Planning out the railroad. B. Running the trains.
C. Putting streets and buildings. D. Learning electronics and wiring.
14. Where can you probably find the article
A. In an official report. B. In a medical textbook.
C. In a youth magazine. D. In a tourist guidebook.
B
I come from a broken family. After we grew up, my sister and I could go years without speaking. And that is where this story begins.
My sister Jeanne and I were born only 14 months apart, but by the time we were teenagers we had lost touch. By age 19, I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father’ s horse farm in Virginia. Jeanne got married at 18, moved to Chicago. We lived separate lives, and our connection somehow ended.
Fast-forward about five years. I was 24 and on a trip with my fiancé to New York City, a place I had never been. During a day of sightseeing, we were crossing a very busy street loaded with people. Everyone was in a hurry. I had laughed at something my fiancé said, and I suddenly heard my name yelled from somewhere behind me, “Cheryl!” I froze in my steps in the middle of the road. Tears welled up in my eyes. I knew without a doubt that it was my sister Jeanne. I yelled back before even turning to look, “Jeanne ”
It was her. I began pushing people out of my way to get to her. The crowd started to part—even by New York standards, we must have seemed crazy. And there we were, standing in the middle of a Manhattan street, facing each other and smiling. I couldn’t believe it.
I later asked how she’ d known it was me—she never saw me! She said it was my laugh. I wouldn’t say my laugh is all that unusual, but I guess to a family member it’ s infectious. It hits your heart and goes deep in your mind.
Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated. We both moved back to Wisconsin. We talk daily. Many years have passed, and we are now in our 50s. I truly believe God played a huge part in bringing us together. But our meeting by chance wasn’t just a sign. I see it as more of a lesson, a reminder not to lose touch with loved ones. It is too easy to remain lost. After our sister-to-sister miracle, I don’ t plan to let that happen again.
15. What can we learn about Cheryl in the first two paragraphs
A. She got on well with her sister.
B. She came from a normal family.
C. She moved to Chicago with Jeanne.
D. She was brought up in Wisconsin.
16. In the author’s eyes, why could her sister recognize her laugh
A. Because the street was quiet enough.
B. Because it had some particular features.
C. Because it stayed in her sister’s memory.
D. Because they were apart for only 14 months.
17. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Meeting B. Separation
C. The trip D. The miracle
18. What can be the best title for the text
A. Life-long Journey B. Long-lost Sisters
C. New-found Families D. Long-standing Friendship
C
Give your eyes a break from that screen.
Let’s face it—you’re attached to your phone. You use it to communicate, play games and surf the internet. But there’s a great way to make your smartphone a life-enriching device without hurting your eyes. Check out the world of podcasts.
Think of podcasts as your YouTube channels for listeners that you can download to your phone. What’s so exciting about that Well, you can find a lot of amazing shows! Whatever you find that catches your attention, one thing is sure—listening inspires imagination. Because you can only listen to a show and not see it, you have to pay more attention. Therefore, your imagination has the potential to become stronger and more vivid as a result!
Podcasts allow you to experience the world from various angles. Take America’s NPR and Britain’s BBC for example. Both have produced several podcasts. By listening to them, you can learn to appreciate cultural or linguistic differences. Choose what you like. In the end, it’s your device—you get to decide who influences you!
So what’s out there Lots! Since podcasts are created for very specific audiences, you’re sure to find one that interests you. Podcasts have been around for more than a decade, and one that really put podcasting in the spotlight is called Serial. It’s in the form of a story, broken up over several weeks, complete with cliffhangers. Or maybe you like listening to people discuss interesting topics. My personal favorite is White Horse Inn. If you’re a fan of informative speeches, subscribe to one of the many TED Talks podcasts. There are several language-learning podcasts too, like ESLPod. The list goes on. If you’re not sure where to start, look up “top podcasts” and give one of their recommendations a try.
Whether you’re riding a bus, exercising, or just relaxing, pop on some headphones and put your listening skills to the test. Download a podcast App, subscribe to a few and get listening. Or, better yet, if you have an idea for a podcast, why not produce one yourself
19. What can we do with podcasts
A. watch movies. B. play games.
C. chat with friends. D. listen to shows.
20. If we want to learn a new language, we can choose ________.
A. Serial B. White Horse Inn C. ESLPod D. TED Talks
21. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. people can produce their own podcasts.
B. podcasts can replace smart phones.
C people can travel the world with podcasts.
D. podcasts can be used to cure eyes problems.
22. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To describe a practical device.
B. To recommend a useful app.
C. To provide people with a new technology.
D. To keep people away from smart phones.
D
Camaraderie over Competence
The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurt other people We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them.
What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all.
The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it
By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.
Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill.
23. According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose
A. Nice but unintelligent.
B. Creative but unattractive.
C. Competent but unfriendly.
D Humorous but unambitious.
24. The author talks about her experience to show that ______.
A people respect outstanding leaders
B. people tend to like optimistic workmates
C. a workmate’s working ability is important
D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier
25. Some people think that similar people working together may ______
A. offend each other
B. create fewer new ideas
C. talk more and work less
D. be likely to stick together
26. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could ______.
A. set more coffee machines in the work place
B. organize team-building activities outside the office
C. encourage a diversity of opinions in workplace
D. employ staff who have a lot in common
E
Seeds on Ice
Close to the North Pole，remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of
Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. In this cold and deserted environment，no grains，no gardens，no trees can grow. Yet at the end of a 130-meter-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.
A quiet rescue mission is under way. With growing evidence that unchecked climate change-will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity （多样性） of crops around the world，the Svalbard Global Seed Vault （地窖） represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation （贮藏） of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds：the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot，dry weather.
Few people will ever see or come into contact with the contents of this vault. In sealed boxes，behind multiple locked doors，monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below—zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.
Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea, and that of course the Norwegian government should have approved and funded it. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.
We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired，fed up，and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.
The Seed Vault is about hope and commitrnent - about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant，long-lasting，and worthy of who we are and wish to be.
27. According to the passage, the Seed Vault is ___________.
A. a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed
B. a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops
C. a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture
D. a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops
28. The underlined word“viable”in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A. mature B. clean
C. alive D. valuable
29. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us __________.
A. how the seeds are preserved B. where people keep the seeds
C. why the seeds are protected D. what people do to study the seeds
30. We can know from the passage that _________.
A the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change
B. most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties
C. the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity
D. many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise
重庆市第二十九中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Thousands of people are killed every year in natural disasters. Search-and-rescue teams often rely on technology to conduct rescue missions and help those who have been affected. Over the years, online tools and applications have been developed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of disaster aid and relief. Here are some widely used ones.
Micromappers
Micromappers was launched in 2013 and used in the 2015 Nepal earthquake, Typhoon Hayian in 2013 and several other disasters. The application creates a map from social media relief updates and sends it to aid organizations so that they get real-time information about disaster- stricken areas. It helps aid agencies to effectively plan rescue efforts before going into disaster zones. During the 2015 Nepal earthquake, Micromappers processed more than 60,000 images.
Google Finder
Google Finder is another new piece of technology which can help with disaster relief efforts. It was developed in 2010 in response to the Haiti earthquake. It is an open source web application, which is available in over 40 languages. The application allows users to post and search for the status of people affected by a disaster. During the 2015 Nepal earthquake, well over 7,500 records on the online tool were searched.
Red Cross Emergency
The Red Cross Emergency App has been incredibly helpful with disaster relief in the recent times. It gives survivors weather updates and safety tips. The Red Cross credits the application for saving several lives in the United States.
1. Why are the online tools and applications developed
A. To provide warning signs of disasters.
B. To aid disaster rescue and relief work.
C. To create new methods of disaster relief.
D. To analyze the causes of natural disasters.
2. What kind of information can be got from Micromappers
A. Real-time images.
B. Geographical maps.
C. Effective rescue plans.
D. social media comments.
3. What do the first two applications have in common
A. They are free of charge.
B. They come in multiple languages.
C. They are designed for earthquakes.
D. They present information from netizens.
B
Alvin, 66, was deep in the woods in Louisiana, last December when a broken balloon caught his eye. Attached was a piece of paper decorated with sparkly star stickers. It read “Dear Santa, my name is Luna. I am four years old. I live in Liberal, Kansas. This year I have been nice. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, Frozen doll, puppy. With love, Luna.”
Alvin’s heart hammered in his chest. Ever since he was a child, he had dreamed of this very scene. He believed this was his childhood wish coming true. And he decided to make Luna’s wish come true too. So he posted the Christmas list on his Facebook page, asking for help locating the sender.
Meanwhile, Leticia, the mother of four-year-old Luna, had no idea that such an effort was underway. It had been a hard year for them. On a particularly tough day last December, Leticia told Luna to send her wishes to Santa by balloon. The girl was excited. Leticia helped her write down her wishes, put the note into a Christmas red balloon and took her out to release her wishes on the chilly windy morning.
One day in January, a friend called Leticia, “Someone found Luna’s balloon.” Her jaw dropped. Then she logged on to Facebook and saw Alvin’s post and more netizens trying to help. Leticia was deeply touched and called Alvin. When Alvin told her how much it would mean to him to fulfill the girl’ wishes, she agreed to let him meet Luna. Back in Louisiana, Alvin got busy collecting toys from his newfound Facebook community.
On a morning in April, just as chilly and windy as the day when Luna waved goodbye to her balloon, Alvin made a trip to their house. He presented all the gifts, including a puppy. Luna cried with delight. Later, they sat down together to share homemade breakfast. They all felt as if they had known each other forever. Having received so much generosity, Leticia and Luna expressed their gratitude and intended to pay it forward.
4. What did Alvin find in the woods
A. A wish note of a child. B. A balloon made of paper.
C. A picture of sparkly stars. D. A shopping list for Christmas.
5. How did Alvin feel after he read Luna’s words
A. Nervous and moved. B. Thrilled and joyful.
C. Surprised and stressful. D. Sympathetic and concerned.
6. Why did Luna’s mother ask her to release her balloon
A. To send a message to Santa.
B. To ask the community for help.
C. To attract the netizens’ attention.
D. To give her hope on a tough day.
7. What message does the story intend to convey
A. Time reveals a personas character.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. God helps those who help themselves.
D. Life is hard, but the world is full of love.
C
Cultural heritage is a symbol of the history, traditions and culture of a country, but through various causes like wars and natural disasters, there are many properties of precious tangible and intangible cultural heritage which are currently placed at risk. International cooperation to protect cultural heritage not only shows respect for the cultures of others, but also creates a stable foundation for the international community. Accordingly, Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been concentrating on that as one of the pillars its diplomatic (外交的) policy.
For tangible cultural heritage, Japan is taking part in the international system of protection established through the World Heritage Convention. It has also been donating money for the protection of the historic ruins and buildings in various countries through the Japanese Funds-in-Trust for the Preservation of the World Cultural Heritage set up through UNESCO, and by employing the excellent repair skills developed in Japan.
For intangible cultural heritage, Japan began well-developed domestic efforts for their protection with the establishment of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 1950, far ahead of other countries. Since then, it has been using the knowledge that it gained through that experience to take a leading role in the creation and enforcement of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the. Intangible Cultural Heritage. In addition, Japan has also been financially supporting the conservation of traditional dances, music, and craftsmanship in various countries through the Japanese Funds-in-Trust.
Cultural diplomacy may take a long time to yield results. Nevertheless, Japan believes the support for the cultural heritage is the pride of people in a nation which touches the hearts of people directly. This kind of aid does not stop with just material but also conveys Japan’s knowledge, skills and heart, which can bring about a great long-term benefit.
8. What does-the underlined word “that” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. Building an international community
B. Creating a stable foundation for the world.
C. Showing respect for the cultures of other countries.
D. Cooperating with other countries for cultural heritage.
9. How does Japan help protect both tangible and intangible cultural heritage
A. Donating money. B. Using repair skills.
C Making relevant laws. D. Setting a good example.
10. Why is Japan positive about protecting cultural heritage in other countries
A. It helps to sell of Japan’s skills.
B. It brings about immediate benefits.
C. It advances international relationship.
D. It strengthens the national pride of Japanese.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Japan’s Cultural Heritage at Risk
B. Japan’s Cultural Diplomatic Policy
C. The Benefits of Cherishing Culture
D. The Classification of Cultural Heritage
D
According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women equal to men on key leadership characteristics such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they’re stronger than men in terms of being Passionate and organized leaders.
So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States According to the public, at least, it’s not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.
It’s also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say women’s family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.
Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate (选民) and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say it’s only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.
12. What do most Americans think of women according the new survey
A. They possess the core competence of leadership.
B. They are much better leaders compared with men.
C. They are stronger than men in the terms of creativity.
D. They lack some characteristics which make a good leader.
13. What is the main purpose of paragraph 3
A. To explore the deciding factor.
B. To explain women’s family role.
C. To stress the difficulty in balancing.
D. To clarify a possible misunderstanding.
14. What tops the list of the reasons in the new survey
A. Gender inequality.
B. Insufficient positions.
C. Unachievable standards.
D. Competitive environment.
15. Which statement best reflects Americans’ common expectation
A. More women leaders will take highest positions.
B. More woman will stand out as global political figures.
C. Women will make it to the top position of White House.
D. Women will continue to make major advance in workplace.
重庆市南开中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末英语考试试题（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Your Summer Holiday Guide to Beijing’s Best Exhibitions
Chinadaily. | Updated: 2021-06-19 15:19
The Divine Michelangelo Art Exhibition
The exhibition includes 105 items, demonstrating Michelangelo’s artistic achievements in drawing, sculpture, architecture, and poetry. It features several of his famous statues, including one of the only three life-size reproductions of David in the world. Using VR technology, the exhibit recreates the medieval scene from hundreds of years ago allowing visitors to feel as if they were in the Sistine Chapel looking at The Genesis and The Last Judgment.
If you go: 10 am — 9 pm, through October 10. Bird’s Nest Culture Center, No. I National Stadium South Road, Chaoyang district, 010-64553358. Adult 30 yuan; children 15 yuan.
Rembrandt and His Time: Masterpieces from The Leiden Collection
It is a must-see world-class exhibition at the National Museum of China in Beijing. The exhibition features 11 Rembrandts, the only privately owned painting by Johan Vermeer, and works by five generations of Dutch artists. The Leiden Collection exhibition makes history by presenting the largest collection of Dutch Golden Age paintings ever to visit China.
If you go: 9 am — 5 pm, closed on Mondays, through September 3. No. 16 East Chang’an Avenue, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 010-65116400. Adult 35 yuan; children free.
Universe Manual Wisdom
This exhibition, based on the Internet documentary The Great Shokunin, displays fine lacquerwares, Sichuan brocade, and traditional Han clothing by 12 manual masters. Makers will showcase their craftsmanship on site and share their experience with visitors.
If you go: 10 am — 5 pm，July 16 — August 4. Beijing Museum of Visual Art, No. 32 Beijigesantiao, Dongdan, Dongcheng district. 010-65285856. 20 yuan per person; for groups of 5 people or more, 15 yuan per person.
Picasso’s Handmade Silver Plates
We all know Pablo Picasso’s distinctive abstract paintings, but the Spanish artist also created many sculptures and pottery in his later years. The exhibition displays 23 silver plates, 20 pottery plates, as well as ceramics and ceramic engravings. Among the exhibits, the silver plates all have the creator’s autograph and serial numbers, without one reproduction.
If you go: July 13 — August 31. The China Millennium Monument, Jia No. 9 Fuxing Road, Haidian district. 010-84187900. Adult 25 yuan; children 15 yuan; family (2+1) 50 yuan .
1. What can you see if you are free on October 1st
A. Picasso’s Handmade Silver Plates.
B. Universe Manual Wisdom.
C. The Divine Michelangelo Art Exhibition.
D. Masterpieces from The Leiden Collection.
2. Where can visitors go if they want to interact with the artists
A. Bird’s Nest Culture Center.
B. Beijing Museum of Visual Art.
C. The China Millennium Monument.
D. The National Museum of China.
3. What’s the lowest cost of an exhibition trip for a couple with two kids
A. 80 yuan. B. 70 yuan. C. 65 yuan. D. 60 yuan.
B
Joel Boyers and his fiancée, Melody Among, were heading home from the Nashville airport after she earned her helicopter’s pilot license when Boyers received a call from a stranger. The caller told him that her brother and his two daughters were surrounded by rising floodwaters in Waverly, 60 miles from Nashville and they didn’t think they would survive.
Desperate, the caller had Googled “Nashville helicopters”, and Boyers’s company, Helistar Aviation, was the first to pop up. She asked, “Could you please, please rescue my loved ones ”
Boyers, 41, looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds. “Ma’am,” he said, “no one will fly in this weather.” But even before he finished the sentence, Boyers knew they would go back up. He put the brother’s address into his phone, then he and Among, 30, drove back to the airport. Soon, they were in the air, unprepared for what they were about to see in Waverly.
The flooding took out cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to pinpoint the house he was looking for. He flew on anyway. Maybe he’d get lucky.
As Boyers flew the helicopter, Among began searching for people stranded on roofs and bridges. One rescued man pointed to a teenager who was barely out of the water, soaking wet and exhausted, one hand grabbing a tree branch, the other a dog she’d rescued earlier. Since there was no place for Boyers to land, he lowered the helicopter until it was just above the water line. The rescued man leaped out and waded to the tree, where he helped the teen and dog onboard.
Boyers and Among’s mission ended 90 minutes after it began, when professional rescue helicopters showed up. It was good timing — Boyers and Among were almost out of fuel after rescuing 17 people. As for the woman who originally contacted Boyers, she called back to say that her brother and his daughters had also been saved.
4. Why did the woman call Boyers
A. Because she didn’t know who else to call for help.
B. Because she and her family were trapped in the flood.
C. Because Helistar Aviation specializes in disaster rescue.
D. Because his company was at the top of the search results.
5. Which of the following best describes the helicopter flight
A. Obviously risky.
B. Carefully planned.
C. Delightfully adventurous.
D. Unexpectedly challenging.
6. What do we know about the teenager
A. Boyers helped her from the tree to the helicopter.
B. A man who had been rescued earlier spotted her.
C. She was sitting in a tree waiting for rescue.
D. She was holding on to a dog for life.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for this passage
A. Struggling for Life
B. A Life-saving Call
C. Braving the Waters
D. A New Pilot’s Rescue
C
Can’t stop going online and buying stuff you don’t need In the past year of pandemic, millions of people turned to the Internet to order groceries, household supplies and other goods they’d typically purchase in person. Enabling us to do shopping without physical contact during the pandemic, our phones and laptops became safe shelter of commerce. But for some, online shopping can easily transform from a convenient consumer strategy into an excessive, harmful behavior called compulsive buying (or shopping addiction).
Compulsive buying is more than spending a bit too much time browsing the web. It’s a constant preoccupation (执念) and an overwhelming urge to shop — satisfaction comes from the process, not from the possessions themselves. The reward is divorced from the purchase’s practical purpose. In a 2015 review of research on compulsive buying, the authors write that patients report they “rarely or never use the bought items.”
A compulsive buying often begins, the same as it often ends, with negative emotions: loneliness, depression, anxiety. A person may turn to shopping because they are unable to deal with some stress in their life, or to boost their own sense of self.
The basic principle is that humans seek to enhance their mood, and in a year of isolation and uncertainty, many are more in need of coping mechanisms (应对机制) than ever before. We often refer to this emotional spending as “retail therapy”. Many people, however, are fooled by this name, as it implies the act will improve mental health. The opposite is far more likely. Compulsive buying can affect more than your mental health, too. The financial consequences are obvious, and many people have shopped themselves into debt. But as the behavior consumes more time and attention, it can just as easily spark conflicts with family and friends.
The activity of shopping and purchasing delivers a rush of dopamine (多巴胺), then leaves us feeling as low as ever. Internet vendors employed a series of clever sales strategies against our brains, making it all the more difficult to resist the desire to buy.
8. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. the possession of useful goods
B. the pleasure of spending money
C. the satisfaction of the urge to shop
D. the sense of achievement to revive economy
9. What can we infer from the passage
A. Electronic equipment provided us with a variety of goods.
B. The pandemic fueled compulsive buying to some degree.
C. The “retail therapy” works well in health improvement.
D. Compulsive buying can lead to positive emotions.
10. What is the result of compulsive buying
A. Causing disagreement among consumers.
B. Improving physical and mental health.
C. Making people focus on family needs.
D. Making many people fall into debt.
11. What will the author most probably talk about next
A. The role dopamine plays.
B. Behaviors changed by the Internet.
C. Approaches to reflecting on shopping.
D. Sales strategies adopted by online businesses.
D
In high school, my husband was placed last in both swimming and cross-country running. “At that time, I decided to check out the theater department,” he often jokes. More than a decade later, he’s active — he takes a long daily walk, and spends his workdays moving heavy camera equipment around movie sets — but not athletic. The closest he’s come to running is meeting me at the finish line of a 5K.
According to a new study, his experience is somewhat common. People who have low sports aptitude as children are less likely to be active as adults, according to a new research from the United Kingdom.
The study involved more than 12,000 UK residents that experts have been tracking since 1958. These people filled out forms at ages 33 and 50 about their physical activity habits. Experts from the UCL Institute of Child Health in London compared the midlife survey results to data from the participants’ childhoods to see what early-life factors make someone more or less likely to work out as an adult.
Of all the factors they studied, including things like social status and parental divorce, being bad at sports as a child had the greatest influence on inactivity as an adult. Low sports aptitude increased the likelihood of being inactive by about 50 percent. “To our knowledge, no other study has considered such a wide variety of early-life factors,” the study’s authors write.
The study also found that about 18 percent of people started exercising more between ages 33 and 50. That means if you want to start working out more, it’s never too late to start.
“If you’re new to physical activity, try to find something that you have found interesting,” says fitness manager Anita Golden. He suggests power walking or DVD workouts at home if exercising around other people makes you nervous. Jogging, hiking and bike riding are other good individual activities to try. If you like working out with other people but are worried about your coordination (协调), try group fitness classes that stick to simple moves and basic equipment, like indoor cycling.
“Don’t compare yourself to others — you are your only competition,” Golden stresses.
12. What do we know about the author’s husband
A. He participated in the study.
B. He hardly excels at sports.
C. He runs with the author.
D. He’s into photography.
13. In what way is the study special
A. It is the first one on the topic.
B. It has involved a great many people.
C. It has been carried out non-stop for years.
D. It has considered various early-life factors.
14. What is Golden’s suggestion for new exercisers
A. Work out with fitness instructors.
B. Don’t engage in workouts with others.
C. Take part in an activity that interests you.
D. Don’t wear yourself out when exercising.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To analyze a phenomenon.
B. To arouse an interest in sport.
C. To expose her man’s weakness.
D. To show the accuracy of the study.
重庆市第十八中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)(改编)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Planning to get away Think passport first
If you’re planning to get away from it all this year, you should think passport first. Checking you have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to go.
Renewing (更新) your passport before it runs out
You can renew your passport up to 9 months before it can no longer be legally used. So take the time now and save the tears later.
Applying for a passport for the first time
Our eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes at least one week to issue (颁发) a passport. So make sure you don’t leave it to the last minute, and apply in plenty of time.
Help with your application is just around the corner
Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents offer a Check and Send service that helps you with your application. It’s convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.
If you need to apply for or renew a passport, you can either:
Pick up a Passport Application Form at Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents.
Or call the Application Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit wwwpassport.gov.uk
If your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our offices. We can’t guarantee to see customers without an appointment.
21. When applying for a passport for the first time, you need to know that ______.
A. passports can be legally used forever
B. passports are issued at the last minute
C. application checks take at least one week
D. applications are selected by post office branches
22. According to the passage, you can meet your urgent need by ______.
A. going to the offices directly
B. making a call for an appointment
C. visiting www.passport.gov.uk for a guarantee
D. getting in touch with Worldchoice travel agents
23. What is the passage mainly about
A. Certain types of passports. B. Instructions on applying for passports..
C. Advantages of holding passports. D. Different functions of passports
B
I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt’s house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.
I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see—the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving and never to come back was hardly in my head then.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism(乐观), but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather(继父)and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to “the hard times.”
My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with immigration officers(移民局官员), took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.
24. How did the author get to know America
A. From radio programs B. From books and pictures
C. From her mother D. From her relatives
25. For the first two years in New York, the author ________.
A. often lost her way B. did not think about her future
C. studied in three different schools D. got on well with her stepfather
26. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4
A. She worked as a translator. B. She attended a lot of job interviews.
C She paid telephone bills for her family. D. She helped her family with her English.
27. The author believes that ________.
A. her future will be free from troubles B. it is difficult to learn to become patient
C. there are more good things than bad things D. good things will happen if one keeps trying
C
Russ Fee was asleep inside his tent when screams awoke him. Throwing on his shoes, he ran out to look. Russ and his wife were travelling through Canada’s Banff National Park to enjoy its stunning beauty and awesome wildlife. It was the latter that he then encountered. Although it was dark, Russ could see a neighbouring tent. Backing out was a wolf, dragging something in his teeth. That thing was a man.
Moments earlier, Elisa and Matt Rispoli were asleep with their two young children when the wolf tore into their tent. “It was something out of a horror movie,” Elisa posted on Facebook. For 3 minutes, “Matt threw his body in front of me and the boys and fought the wolf.” At one point, Matt got the upper hand, pinning the wolf to the ground. But the wolf fixed its jaws onto Matt’s arm, and began pulling him outside.
It was then that Russ entered the picture. He ran at the beast, kicking it “like I was kicking in a door,” he told ABC New York. The wolf dropped Matt and came out from the tent. “I felt like I had hit someone that is way out of my weight class,” Russ added. Before the wolf could turn its anger on Russ, Matt, whose arms bloodied, flew out of the tent to continue the battle. The men threw rocks at the wolf, forcing it back, then the Fees and the Rispolis ran into the Fees’ minivan. An ambulance was called, and Matt was taken to a local hospital suffering bad injuries. He now has fully recovered. The wolf was tracked down by park officials and euthanized (实施安乐死).
As for Russ, whom Elisa called their guardian angel, he does admit to a fleeting (转瞬即逝的) thought, if less-than-heroic, during the heat of battle. The moment the wolf locked eyes with him, “ I immediately regretted kicking it.”
28. When did Russ join the fight
A. When he saw a wolf pulling a man.
B. When he saw a wolf tearing into a tent.
C. When Matt pinned the wolf to the ground.
D. When Matt threw his body in front of his wife.
29. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A. The wolf was out of Russ’ way.
B. Russ once hit someone very huge.
C. The wolf was far heavier than Russ.
D. Russ wanted to beat the wolf to death.
30. Which word can describe Elisa in the story
A. Careful B. Protective.
C. Thoughtful. D. Appreciative.
31. What is the best title for the passage
A. A Narrow Escape. B. Wolves in Banff.
C. Two Lucky Families. D. An Exciting Adventure.
D
When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.
“Storm chasing (追逐)” is becoming an increasingly popular hobby, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.
Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm seasons.
Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,” says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. “Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.”
However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is an example of the power of nature. It is the greatest show on Earth.”
32. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to ________.
A. leave the area quickly for safety
B. collect information about a coming storm
C. head straight for the center of the storm
D. Patiently wait for the storm to develop
33. It’s recommended that beginners of storm chasing should ________.
A. not drive in a heavy rain B. spend much more time on it
C. not get into the center of a storm D. do it in an organized way
34. By saying “it is all worth it” in the last paragraph, the author means that ________.
A. efforts in storm chasing are well paid
B. storm chasing is a waste of money
C. storm chasing is worth seeing.
D. storm chasing shows the power of nature
35. What can we infer from the text
A. Storm is too dangerous to chase.
B. Storm chasers are driving all the time.
C. Sometimes it’s nothing but disappointment that storm chasers get
D. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world.
重庆市巫山县官渡中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You needn't book an expensive holiday to the lands of Africa to see animals. The UK offers a surprising number of wildlife experiences perfect for a family day out.
ZSL Whipsnade Zoo, Bedfordshire
The UK's largest zoo makes an excellent day out for all the family. It is home to over 3, 900 animals. The stars of the zoo are the four baby tigers born at the zoo. Kids will be surprised by giraffe-feeding and the chance to watch lions. Little kids will be equally interested in Hullabazoo Farm, where they can play with animals such as little pigs and rabbits. Restaurant choices include River Cottage Kitchen.
Train station： Luton
Cost： Adult, 22. 90 ； child, 16. 60.
Blair Drummond Safari Park, Stirling
Blair Drummond Safari Park opened to the public in 1970 and is home to over 350 animals. There are animal presentations throughout the day. The education team makes their way around six of the enclosures （围场）, giving talks on elephants giraffes, tigers, penguins, etc. The talks include information about the natural environment and the behaviour of the animals.
Train station： Stirling
Cost： Adult, 16. 25 ； child, 13. 25.
Chester Zoo, Cheshire
Chester Zoo is the most-visited wildlife attraction in the UK. Covering over 50 hectares （公顷）, it has more than 21, 000 animals. You can find animals such as jaguars, sloths, blue-eved cockatoos, Sumatran tigers, etc. There are plenty of picnic areas for lunch, and restaurants include Manado Street Kitchen and The Oakfield.
Train station： Chester
Cost： Adult, 16. 36； child, 13. 18.
21. If Tom, 12, wants to visit the largest zoo in the UK, how much should he pay
A. 13. 18. B. 13. 25. C. 16. 60. D. 22. 90.
22. From the passage, we know that Blair Drummond Safari Park is _____________.
A. well-equipped B. newly-built C. romantic D. educational
23. What makes Chester Zoo special of the three
A. It has the largest number of animals. B. There are restaurants in the zoo.
C. People can get there by train. D. It covers the largest area.
B
Age has never been a problem for Thessalonika Arzu-Embry. After all, she’s already got her master’s degree.
The North Chicago-area girl started homeschooling at the age of 4. She began having an influence on others soon after. When she was 6 years old, she was an inspirational (鼓舞人心的) speaker at an organization called Tabitha House Community Service, a shelter for people who were forced to leave their homes due to the situations such as earthquakes, flood and other natural disasters.
At the age of 11, she graduated from high school and then earned her bachelor’s degree in psychology in 2013. She completed those classes online as she was traveling for leadership meetings.
She doesn’t stop there, though. The girl plans to focus on aviation psychology(航空心理学) for her further study, a decision inspired by her father who is a pilot. She grew up around airplanes and took flights all the time. Her goal is to use it to determine whether pilots are dealing with problems that could have deadly results once the plane takes off — a topic that has been in the news lately. For her, it’s a mix of two of her interests.
In her free time, Thessalonika enjoys playing tennis, swimming and being active in her youth group. She also has three self-published books, which are on her site. Jump the Education Barrier is written to help students finish college, and In the Future aims to help business owners deal with trends. Her third book The Genius Race has a wider appeal. It is designed to help people to be geniuses in various areas of life.
24.What can we know about Thessalonika from the passage
A. She majored in science and technology.
B. She gained her master’s degree at the age of 11.
C. She started homeschooling when she was 6 years old.
D. She got her bachelor’s degree through online courses.
25.What is Thessalonika’s next plan according to the passage
A. Majoring in aviation psychology.
B. Being active in her youth group.
C. Making inspiring speeches for leadership meetings.
D. Writing another book to help people to be geniuses.
26.Why does Thessalonika write the book Jump the Education Barrier
A. To help people to be successful.
B. To raise concern about psychology.
C. To share her own experience with others.
D. To give students a hand to complete college.
27.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Homeschooling B. To Be a Genius
C. Three Published Books D. The Story of Thessalonika
C
An earthquake is one of the most common natural calamities. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile (易碎的) items, like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire outbreaks during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.
If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.
If trapped in debris (碎片) , cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find you. Use a whistle if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.
28.What does the underlined word "calamities" mean in the passage
A. Scenes. B. Disasters. C. Conditions. D. Sciences.
29.During the earthquake, people are advised to 　　　.
A. go out of the building at once
B. drive to a safe place quickly
C. take shelter under a tree
D. turn off electricity and gas immediately
30.What should people NOT do when they are trapped in debris
A. Tap on a pipe or wall for help.
B. Cover their mouths with handkerchiefs.
C. Light a match for warmth.
D. Use a whistle for help.
31.What’s the passage mainly about
A. The damage caused by earthquakes.
B. The rescue work after earthquakes.
C. How to prevent earthquakes.
D. What to do during earthquakes.
D
To develop one's taste in English, the most effective way is to read English books extensively. Yet one may be at a loss to choose the appropriate books, especially as a beginner. As a native Spanish, I would like to share some of my experience.
My first English novel was Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, recommended by many English teachers and professors as an ideal book for English learners. But my experience was somewhat disastrous. I had great difficulty in understanding the novel, let alone enjoying it. It's not the vocabulary that troubled me, but rather the way Austen constructs sentences, and her way of thinking, which seemed too remote to me at that time. My fading enthusiasm was much recovered after reading Hemingway's novel A Farewell to Arms. No long and complicated sentences. And I particularly liked his brief and straightforward (简洁的) style. So my first suggestion is, as a beginner, you'd better choose contemporary novels instead of classical ones.
However, if you restrict yourself to novels you will miss a lot of treasures. English essays can at once inform you, entertain you, and improve your taste in English. The best example is Bertrand Russell's work. Its language is plain, yet you cannot help feeling the elegance and the peculiar sense of humor. His simple language enables his philosophy within the reach of ordinary people. Here comes my second suggestion — essays are indispensable.
Never follow others' recommendations and opinions blindly, however famous or influential (有很大影响的) the person might be. We should be open to various ideas, but always think and determine for ourselves. As a saying goes, one man's meat is another man's poison. With that in mind, we are bound to find out our favorite writers through reading and develop our fine taste in English.
32. What made the first English novel that the author read hard to understand
A. Complicated conversations.
B. Sentences and Austen's thinking pattern.
C. The old-fashioned vocabulary.
D. Not knowing the social background.
33. Which can best replace the underlined word "indispensable"
A. Necessary B. Challenging C. Relevant D. Inspiring
34. What advice does the author give in the last paragraph
A. Choose books that challenge us most.
B. Read books that are instructive.
C. Don't be affected by others' choices.
D. Compare books before buying.
35. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A. Give comments on literature works.
B. Tell beginners how to choose English books.
C. Encourage people to read more English books.
D. Recommend first class books to English learners.
答案：
重庆市第八中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期末考试英语试题（解析版）
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了模型铁路的几个好处。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.( 决定如何处理你的模型铁路需要大量的思考和耐心，但它并不像你想象的那么困难。)”可知，为了建造模型铁路，必须深思熟虑，有耐心。故选A。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Different from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad.( 不同于许多电子游戏，模型铁路是一种社交爱好，让你可以与家人和朋友交流。这是因为在你建造和运行你的模型铁路时，你必须与家人和朋友交流。)”可知，根据作者的观点，模型铁路是一种社会爱好，因为它为我们提供了与家人和朋友交流的机会。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains.(当然，模型铁路最好的部分是运行火车。)”可知，运行火车是铁路模型最好的部分。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Would you like to know a fun way to learn about math Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it’s true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading..(你想知道一个有趣的学习数学的方法吗 你可以用铁路模型来做。是的,这是真的。不用课本，你就可以了解许多学校的主题。除此之外，模范铁路也给我们带来了许多其他的好处。在本文中，我们将讨论模型铁路的几个好处。)”可知，文章主要讲述了模型铁路对于青少年的的几个好处。由此可推知，文章可能来源于青年杂志。故选C。
【答案】15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年幼分离的姐妹重聚的故事。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By age 19, I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father’ s horse farm in Virginia.( 19岁时，我从威斯康辛州的家搬到了我父亲在弗吉尼亚州的马场。)”可知，Cheryl在威斯康星州长大。故选D。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“I later asked how she’ d known it was me—she never saw me! She said it was my laugh. I wouldn’t say my laugh is all that unusual, but I guess to a family member it’ s infectious. It hits your heart and goes deep in your mind.( 后来我问她怎么知道那是我——她根本没看见我！她说是我的笑。我不会说我的笑有多不寻常，但我猜对一个家庭成员来说它是有传染性的。它撞击你的心，深入你的心灵。)”可推知，她姐姐能认出她的笑声，因为它留在她姐姐的记忆里。故选C。
【17题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated.( 从那以后，我和妹妹再也没有分开过。)”和“It is too easy to remain lost.(失去亲人太容易了)”可推知，that指代“姐妹之间的分离”。故选B。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“My sister Jeanne and I were born only 14 months apart, but by the time we were teenagers we had lost touch.( 我和妹妹珍妮出生时只差14个月，但当我们十几岁时，我们就失去了联系。)”和文章最后一段“Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated.( 从那以后，我和妹妹再也没有分开过。)”可知，文章主要讲述了年幼分离的姐妹重聚的故事。故选B。
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. A 22. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了播客这一手机APP，播客可以激发你的想象力，可以讲故事以及欣赏不同国家的文化。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Whatever you find that catches your attention, one thing is sure—listening inspires imagination. Because you can only listen to a show and not see it, you have to pay more attention.（无论你发现了什么吸引你注意力的东西，有一点是肯定的：倾听能激发想象力。因为你只能听而不能看，你必须更加注意力集中）”可知听节目，我们可以用播客。故选D。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“If you’re a fan of informative speeches, subscribe to one of the many TED Talks podcasts. There are several language-learning podcasts too, like ESLPod.（如果你是知识型演讲的粉丝，请订阅TED演讲播客。还有一些语言学习播客，比如ESLPod。）”可知如果我们想学习一门新的语言，我们可以选择ESLPod。故选C。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Or, better yet, if you have an idea for a podcast, why not produce one yourself？（或者，更好的是，如果你有做播客的想法，为什么不自己做一个呢）”可知人们可以制作自己的播客。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主题段第二段“But there’s a great way to make your smartphone a life-enriching device without hurting your eyes. Check out the world of podcasts.（但有一种很棒的方法可以让你的智能手机成为一个生活丰富的设备，同时又不会伤害你的眼睛。看看播客的世界。）”后文主要对播客的用途及好处进行了具体的介绍，可知文章主要讲述的目的是推荐一个有用的应用程序。故选B。
【答案】23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过调查发现人们乐于与聪明乐观，工作能力强的人一起工作，因为同事的能力很重要，相似的人在一起工作会阻碍创新能力，并据此为企业提供了一些建议。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings.” 毫不奇怪，我们最希望成为同事的人既是工作出色的人，也是讨人喜欢的人。由此可知，人们乐于和聪明且乐观的人一起共事，故选A。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless.” 当我们的同事在工作上毫无希望时，我们往往不喜欢他们。由此判断出，作者通过讲述自己的经历来说明同事的工作能力是很重要的。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity.”可知，相似的人在一起工作会阻碍创新能力，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other.” 我们不仅喜欢相似的人，我们也喜欢喜欢我们的人。因此，如果公司想要促进更多的好感，他们应该鼓励一种我们都善待彼此的文化。因此判断出，公司应该雇佣有共同点的员工，故选D。
【答案】27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇科普类阅读。文章介绍了种子基因库，为未来的农业储存多种种子的地方。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第三段Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.（在这样的条件下，大多数主要农作物的种子在山里被冻住，可以存活数百年，甚至更长时间。有些种子能够保持它们生长数千年的能力。）由此推断出Seed Vault是一个种子基因库，为未来的农业储存多种种子，故选C。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。下文Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.说有些种子能够保持它们生长数千年的能力。由此推断出上文的意思是在这样的条件下，大多数主要农作物的种子都能在山中保存数百年。“viable”的意思是活着的，A. mature成熟的；B. clean干净的；C. alive活着的；D. valuable有价值的，故选C。
【29题详解】
段落大意题。答案定位在第三段In sealed boxes，behind multiple locked doors，monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below—zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress.（在密封的盒子里,在多个锁着的门后面,由电子安全系统监控,笼罩在零下的温度,被许多岩石包围,数以百万计的种子被山中堡垒所保护。）由此可知，这一段主要讲了种子是如何被保存的，故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第三段But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.（但早在2004年,提出了种子库时,它被视为一个疯狂的,不切实际的,和昂贵的想法）由此推断出最初，许多人认为修建种子库是不明智的，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题4，答案定位在倒数第三段But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.（但早在2004年,提出了种子库时,它被视为一个疯狂的,不切实际的,和昂贵的想法）由此推断出最初，许多人认为修建种子库是不明智的，故选D。